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MAIN 


University  of  California. 

FROM    THE    LIBRARY    OF 

DR.    FRANCIS     LIEBER, 
Professor  of  History  and  Law  in  Columbia  College,  New  York. 


THK  GIFT  OF 


IMICHAEL   REESE, 

Of  San  Francisco. 
1 8  7  3  . 


I 


NEW  SERIES  OF  LATIN  SCHOOL  BOOKS, 


CROCKER    &    BREWSTER, 

Wo.    47    WASHINGTON    STREET,    BOSTON, 

Publish  the  following   Books,   which   constitute  a  regular  series  of 
elementary  Latin  works  designed  for  the  use  of  Schools:  — 

Infill  CtraBSfimar.  A  Grammar  of  the  Latin  Language, 
for  the  Use  of  Schools,  and  Colleges.  By  Professor  E.  A. 
ANDREWS  and  Professor  S.  STODDARD. 

This  Grammar  has  been  adopted  in  most  of  the  schools  and  colleges 
of  this  country.  It  is  distinguished  for  its  copiousness,  its  philosophical 
arrangement,  and  the  scientific  precision  of  its  rules  and  definitions. 

The  following  works  have  been  prepared  by  Professor  ANDREWS,  for 
the  purpose  of  completing  the  series,  of  which  the  Grammar  of  Andrews 
and  Stoddard  is  the  basis  :  — 


Questions    on    the    CJraBiiiii^i'.      Questions    on 

Andrews  and  Stoddard's  Latin  Grammar. 

This  little  volume  is  intended  to  aid  the  student  in  examining  himself 
in  regard  to  the  preparation  of  his  lessons,  and  the  teacher  in  conducting 
his  recitations. 


Lessons.       First  Lessons  in  Latin,  or  an  Intro- 
duction to  Andrews  and  Stoddard's  Latin  Grammar. 
This  volume  is  designed  for  the  younger  classes  of  Latin  students,  to 
whom  the  larger  Grammar  might,  at  first,  appear  too  formidable,  and  for 
all  who,  at  any  period  of  life,  may  wish  to  acquire  an  accurate  knowledge 
of  the  first  principles  of  the  language.     The  work  is  complete  in  itself, 
containing  the  prominent  rules  and  principles  of  the  Grammar,  with  easy 
reading  and  writing  lessons,  serving  to  illustrate  those  principles.     It  is 
also  furnished  with  numerous  grammatical  references,  and  a  dictionary 
of  the  Latin  words  and  phrases  occurring  in  the  lessons. 

Latift  Header.  The  First  Part  of  Jacobs  and  Boring's 
Latin  Reader,  with  a  Dictionary  and  Notes;  adapted  to 
Andrews  and  Stoddard's  Latin  Grammar. 

The  plan  of  this  edition  of  the  Latin  Reader,  which  was  in  a  great 
degree  new,  has  been  so  highly  approved,  as  to  lead  to  its  introduction, 
with  suitable  modifications,  into  all  the  subsequent  volumes  of  the  series. 
Instead  of  the  grammatical  notes  usually  found  in  works  of  this  kind, 
numerous  references  are  every  where  made  to  those  principles  of  the 
Grammar  which  serve  to  explain  the  peculiarities  of  form  or  construction 
which  occur  in  the  lessons.  The  application  of  these  principles  is  gen- 
erally left  to  the  sagacity  of  the  student,  and  by  this  means  a  wholesome 
exercise  of  his  faculties  is  fully  secured. 

Latin  Exercises  5    adapted  to  Andrews   and  Stoddard's 

Latin  Grammar. 

The  exercises  contained  in  this  volume  are  designed  to  illustrate  the 
principles  of  the  Latin  Grammar  in  its  various  departments,  and  to  render 
their  application  easy  and  familiar  to  the  student.  The  plan  and  arrange 


New  Series   of  Latin  School  Books. 

ment  of  the  work  are  such,  that,  under  the  direction  of  a  judicious 
teacher,  the  student  may  commence  the  use  of  it  almost  as  soon  as  he 
takes  up  his  grammar,  and  continue  it,  at  least  as  an  occasional  exercise, 
until  he  has  finished  his  preparatory  course.  It  is  intended  to  smooth 
his  way  to  original  composition  in  the  Latin  language,  both  in  prose  and 
in  verse. 

A  Key  to  Latin  Exercises  5   adapted  to  Andrews  and 
Stoddard's  Latin  Grammar. 

This  Key,  containing  all  the  lessons  in  the  Exercises  fully  corrected, 
is  intended  for  the  use  of  teachers  only. 


RoiIUE.  The  Viri  Romae  of  Lhomond,  adapted  to' 
Andrews  and  Stoddard's  Latin  Grammar  ;  with  Notes  and  a 
copious  Dictionary. 

A  careful  perusal  of  this  book,  after  the  student  has  made  himself 
master  of  the  Reader,  will  constitute  a  good  preparation  for  reading  the 
easier  Latin  classics,  which,  without  some  such  intermediate  work,  are 
commonly  read  under  great  disadvantages.  It  will  at  the  same  time  ren- 
der him  familiar  with  the  principal  characters  and  most  prominent  events 
of  Roman  history. 

Caesar's  Commentaries  on  the  Gallic  War  ;  with  a 

Dictionary  and  Notes. 

The  text  of  this  edition  of  Csesar's  Gallic  War  has  been  formed  by 
reference  to  the  best  modern  German  editions.  The  Notes  are 


grammatical,  and  are  intended  to  afford  that  kind  and  degree  of  assistance 
which  the  student  may  be  supposed  to  need  at  his  first  introduction  to  a 
genuine  classic  author.  The  Dictionary,  which,  like  all  the  others  in  the 
series,  has  been  prepared  with  great  labor,  contains  not  only  the  usual 
significations  of  each  word,  and  its  derivation,  but  an  explanation  of  all 
those  phrases  which  might  otherwise  perplex  the  student. 
[The  above  work  is  nearly  completed,  and  will  soon  be  put  to  press.] 

$alliest.  Sallust's  History  of  the  War  against  Jugurtha, 
and  of  the  Conspiracy  of  Catiline  ;  with  a  Dictionary  and 
Notes. 

The  plan  of  this  edition  of  Sallust  is  the  same  as  that  of  the  preceding 
work.  The  text  of  Cortius  has,  in  many  instances,  been  exchanged  for 
that  of  Kr'itz  or  Gerlach,  and  its  orthography  is,  in  general,  conformed  to 
that  of  Pottier  and  of  Planche,  and  is,  consequently,  in  most  cases,  the 
same  as  is  found  in  school  editions  of  the  other  Latin  classics. 

Ovid.  Selections  from  the  Metamorphoses  and  Heroides 
of  Ovid ;  with  Notes,  Grammatical  References,  and  Exer- 
cises in  Scanning. 

These  Selections  are  designed  as  an  introduction  to  Latin  poetry. 
They  consist  of  the  most  interesting  fables  from  Ovid,  with  numerous 
brief  notes  explanatory  of  difficult  phrases,  of  obscure  historical  or  mytho- 
logical allusions,  and  especially  of  grammatical  difficulties.  To  these  are 
added  such  Exercises  in  Scanning  as  will  serve  fully  to  introduce  the 
student  to  a  knowledge  of  the  structure  and  laws  of  hexameter  and 
pentameter  verse. 


New  Series  of  Latin  School  Books. 

ANDREWS  AND  STODDARD'S  LATIN  GRAMMAR  has  long  since  been  intro- 
duced into  the  LATIN  SCHOOL  OF  THE  CITY  OF  BOSTON,  and  into  most 
of  the  other  principal  Classical  Schools  in  this  country.  It  is  adopted  by 
all  the  Colleges  in  New  England,  viz.,  HARVARD,  YALE,  DARTMOUTH, 
AMHERST,  WILLIAMS,  BOWDOIN,  WATERVILLE,  MIDDLEBURY,  BURLING- 
TON, BROWN  UNIVERSITY  at  Providence,  WESLEYAN  UNIVERSITY  at  Mid- 
dletown,and  WASHINGTON  COLLEGE  at  Hartford;  also  at  HAMILTON  COL- 
LEGE, New  York,  NEW  YORK  UNIVERSITY,  city  of  New  York,  CINCINNATI 
COLLEGE  and  MARIETTA  COLLEGE,  Ohio,  RANDOLPH  MACON  COLLEGE, 
Virginia,  MOUNT  HOPE  COLLEGE,  near  Baltimore,  MARYLAND  INSTITUTE 
OF  INSTRUCTION  and  ST.  MARY'S  COLLEGE,  Baltimore,  and  the  UNIVER- 
SITIES OF  MICHIGAN  and  ALABAMA  ;  and  has  been  highly  recommended 
by  Professors  Kingsley,  Woolsey,  Olmstead,  and  Gibbs,  of  Yale  College; 
Professor  Beck,  of  Harvard  College  ;  President  Penney  and  Professor  North, 
of  Hamilton  College;  Professor  Packard,  of  Bowdoin  College;  Professor 
Holland,  of  Washington  College  ;  Professor  Fisk,  of  Amherst  College,  and 
by  Professor  Hacketfc,  of  Brown  University;  —  also  by  Messrs.  Dillaway 
and  Gardner,  of  the  Boston  Latin  School ;  Rev.  Lyman  Colman,  of  the 
English  High  School,  Andover ;  Hon.  John  Hall,  Principal  of  the  Elling- 
ton School,  Conn.  ;  Mr.  Slialcr,  Principal  of  the  Connecticut  Literary 
Institution,  at  Suffield  ;  Simeon  Hart,  Esq.,  Farmington,  Conn.;  Pro- 
fessor Cogswell,  of  Round  Hill  School,  Northampton ;  President  Shan- 
non, of  Louisiana  College,  and  by  various  periodicals. 

As  a  specimen  of  the  communications  received  from  the  above  sources, 
the  following  extracts  are  given  :  — 

It  gives  me  great  pleasure  to  bear  my  testimony  to  the  superior  merits  of  the 
Latin  Grammar  lately  edited  by  Professor  Andrews  and  Mr.  Stoddard.  1  express 
most  cheerfully,  unhesitatingly,  and  decidedly,  my  preference  of  this  Grammar 
to  that  of  Adam,  which  has,  for  so  long  a  time,  kept  almost  undisputed  sway 
in  our  schools.  — Dr.  C.  Beck,  Professor  of  Latin  in  Harvard  University. 

I  know  of  no  grammar  published  in  this  country,  which  promises  to  answer  so 
well  the  purposes  of  elementary  classical  instruction,  and  shall  be  glad  to  sep  it 
introduced  into  our  best  schools.  —  Mr.  Charles  K.  Dillaway,  Master  of  the 
Public  Latin  School,  Boston. 

Your  new  Latin  Grammar  appears  to  me  much  better  suited  to  the  use  of 
student*  than  any  other  grammar  I  am  acquainted  with. — Professor  William 
M.  Holland,  Washington  College,  Hartford,  Conn. 

I  can  with  much  pleasure  say  that  your  Grammar  seems  to  me  much  better 
adapted  to  the  present  condition  and  wants  of  our  schools  than  any  one  with  which 
I  arn  acquainted,  and  to  supply  that  which  has  long  been  wanted  —  a  good  Latin 
grammar  for  common  use.  —  Mr.  P.  Gardner,  one  of  the  Masters  Boston  Lot.  Sch. 

The  Latin  Grammar  of  Andrews  and  Stoddard  is  deserving,  in  my  opinion,  of 
the  approbation  which  so  many  of  our  ablest  teachers  have  bestowed  upon  it 
It  is  believed  that,  of  all  the  grammars  at  present  before  the  public,  this  has 
greatly  the  advantage,  in  regard  both  to  the  excellence  of  its  arrangement,  and 
the  accuracy  and  copiousness  of  its  information;  and  it  is  earnestly  hoped  that 
its  merits  will  procure  for  it  that  general  favor  and  use  to  which  it  is  entitled. 
—  H.  B.  Hackett,  Professor  of  Languages  in  Brown  University. 

The  universal  favor  with  which  this  Grammar  is  received  was  not  unexpected. 
It  will  bear  a  thorough  and  discriminating  examination.  In  the  use  of  well- 
defined  and  expressive  terms,  especially  in  the  syntax,  we  know  of  no  Latin  or 
Greek  grammar  which  is  to  be  compared  to  this.  —  Amer.  Quarterly  Register. 

The  Latin  Grammar  of  Andrews  and  Stoddard  [  consider  a  work  of  great 
merit.  I  have  found  in  it  several  principles  of  the  Latin  language  correctly  ex- 
plained which  I  had  myself  learned  from  a  twenty  years'  study  of  that  language, 
but  had  never  seen  illustrated  in  any  grammar.  Andrews's  First  Lessons  I  con- 

3 


New  Series  of  Latin  School  Books. 

sider  a  valuable  work  for  beginners,  and  in  the  sphere  which  it  is  designed  to 
occupy,  I  know  not  that  I  have  met  its  equal.  —  Rev.  James  Shannon,  President 
Qf  College  of  Louisiana. 

These  works  will  furnish  a  series  of  elementary  publications  for  the  study  of 
Latin  altogether  in  advance  of  any  thing  which  has  hitherto  appeared,  either  in 
this  country  or  in  England.  —  American  Biblical  Repository. 

We  have  made  Andrews  and  Stoddard's  Latin  Grammar  the  subject  both  of 
reference  and  recitation  daily  forseveml  months,  and  I  cheerfully  and  decidedly 
bear  testimony  to  its  superior  excellence  to  any  manual  of  the  kind  with  which 
I  am  acquainted.  Every  part  bears  the  impress  of  a  careful  compiler.  The 
principles  of  syntax  are  happily  developed  in  the  rules,  whilst  those  relating  to 
the  moods  and  tenses  supply  an  important  deficiency  in  our  former  grammars. 
The  rules  of  prosody  are  also  clearly  and  fully  exhibited.  —  Rev.  Lyman  Cole- 
man,  Principal  of  Burr  Seminary,  Manchester,  Vt. 

I  have  examined  Andrews  and  Stoddard's  Latin  Grammar,  and  regard  it  aa 
superior  to  any  thing  of  the  kind  now  in  use.  It  is  what  has  long  been  needed, 
and  will  undoubtedly  be  welcomed  by  every  one  interested  in  the  philology  of 
the  Latin  language.  We  shall  hereafter  use  it  as  a  text-book  in  this  institution. 
—  Mr.  Win.  H.  Shaler,  Principal  of  the  Connecticut  Lit.  Institution  at  Siiffield. 

This  work  bears  evident  marks  of  great  care  and  skill,  and  ripe  and  accurate 
scholarship  in  the  authors.  It  excels  most  grammars  in  this  particular,  that, 
while  by  its  plainness  it  is  suited  to  the  necessities  of  most  beginners,  by  its 
fulness  and  detail  it  will  satisfy  the  inquiries  of  the  advanced  scholar,  and  will 
be  a  suitable  companion  at  all  stages  of  his  progress.  We  cordially  commend 
it  to  the  student  and  teacher.  —  Biblical  Repository. 

Your  Grammar  is  what  I  expected  it  would  be  —  an  excellent  book,  and  just  the 
thing  which  was  needed.  We  cannot  hesitate  a  moment  in  laying  aside  tho 
books  now  in  use,  and  introducing  this.  —  Rev.  J.  Penney,  D.  D.,  President  of 
Hamilton  College,  New  York. 

Your  Grammar  bears  throughout  evidence  of  original  and  thorough  investiga- 
tion and  sound  criticism.  1  hope,  and  doubt  not,  it  will  be  adopted  in  our  schools 
and  colleges,  it  being,  in  my  apprehension,  so  far  as  simplicity  is  concerned,  on 
the  one  hand,  and  philosophical  views  and  sound  scholarship  on  the  other,  far 
preferable  to  other  grammars  ;  a  work  at  the  same  time  highly  creditable  to  your- 
selves and  to  our  country.  —  Professor  A.  Packard,  Bowdoin  College,  Maine. 

This  Grammar  appears  to  me  to  be  accommodated  alike  to  the  wants  of  the 
new  beginner  and  the  experienced  scholar,  and,  as  such,  well  fitted  to  supply 
what  has  long  been  felt  to  be  a  great  desideratum  in  the  department  of  classical 
learning.  —  Professor  S.  North,  Hamilton  College,  New  York. 

From  such  an  examination  of  this  Grammar  as  I  have  been  able  to  give  it,  1 
do  not  hesitate  to  pronounce  it  superior  to  any  other  with  which  I  am  acquainted. 
I  have  never  seen,  any  where,  a  greater  amount  of  valuable  matter  compressed 
within  limits  equally  narrow.  — Hon.  John  Hall,  Prin.  of  Ellington  School,  Conn. 

We  have  no  hesitation  in  pronouncing  this  Grammar  decidedly  superior  to 
any  now  in  use.  —  Boston  Recorder. 

I  am  ready  to  express  my  great  satisfaction  with  your  Grammar,  and  do  not 
hesitate  to  say,  that  1  am  better  pleased  with  such  portions  of  the  syntax  as  1 
have  perused,  than  with  the  corresponding  portions  in  any  other  grammar  with 
which  I  am  acquainted.  —  Professor  N.  W.  Fiske,  Amherst  College,  Mass. 

I  know  of  no  grammar  in  the  Latin  language  so  well  adapted  to  answer  the 
purpose  for  which  it  was  designed  as  this.  The  book  of  Questions  is  a  valuable 
attendant  of  the  Grammar.  —  Simeon  Hart,  Esq.,  Farmington,  Conn. 

This  Grammar  has  received  the  labor  of  years,  and  is  the  result  of  much  re- 
flection and  experience,  and  mature  scholarship.  As  such,  it  claims  the  atten- 
tion of  all  who  are  interested  in  the  promotion  of  sound  learning.  —  N.  Y.  Obs. 

This  Grammar  is  an  original  work.  Its  arrangement  is  philosophical,  and  its 
rules  clear  and  precise,  beyond  those  of  any  other  grammar  we  have  seen.—* 
Portland  Christian  Mirror. 

4 


LATIN    EXERCISES; 


ADAPTED     TO 


ANDREWS   AND   STODDARD'S 


LATIN  GRAMMAR. 


BY   PROF.   E.   A.   ANDREWS. 


S  IXT  H     EDITION. 


BOSTON : 

PUBLISHED  BY  CROCKER  AND  BREWSTER, 

47  Washington  Street. 

1844. 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1839, 

By  CROCKER  AND  BREWSTER, 
In  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District  Court  of  Massachusetts. 


STEREOTYPED    AT  THE 
BOSTON  TYPE  AND   STEREOTYPE  FOUNDRY. 


PREFACE.   V^ 


THE  following  Exercises  form  the  concluding  volume  of  a 
series  of  elementary  Latin  works,  the  basis  of  which  is  the  Latin 
Grammar  of  Andrews  and  Stoddard.  In  addition  to  the  Grammar 
and  Exercises,  the  series  includes,  under  the  title  of  "  First  Lessons 
in  Latin,"  an  abridgment  of  the  Grammar,  with  short  reading  les- 
sons and  corresponding  exercises  in  syntax  ;  and  also  an  edition  of 
"  Jacobs  and  Boring's  Latin  Reader,"  with  copious  references  to 
the  larger  Grammar. 

The  volume  now  offered  to  the  public  consists  of  exercises  de- 
signed to  illustrate  the  principles  of  orthoepy,  etymology,  syntax, 
and  prosody,  as  exhibited  in  the  same  Grammar,  and  to  render  their 
application  easy  and  familiar  to  the  student. 

The  exercises  in  syntax  are  divided  into  two  parts.  In  the  first, 
which  contains  only  short  sentences,  intended  to  illustrate  the  more 
important  principles  of  syntax,  the  rules  are  arranged  in  such  a 
manner,  as  to  prevent,  in  a  great  degree,  the  introduction  of  idioms 
not  previously  illustrated.  In  the  second  part,  the  order  of  the 
rules  in  the  Grammar  has  been  preserved,  and  the  number  of  exam- 
ples has  been  proportioned,  in  some  degree,  to  the  importance  or 
difficulty  of  the  rule.  Subjoined  to  these  are  other  examples, 
illustrative  of  the  more  important  remarks  and  exceptions  under 
each  rule.  To  the  examples  of  English  and  Latin  sentences,  ar- 
ranged in  corresponding  columns,  are  added  others,  consisting  of 
English  sentences  only,  with  notes  designed  to  aid  the  student  in 
his  choice  of  words  and  phrases,  and  to  lead  him  to  the  right  con- 
struction. In  the  syntactic  part  of  the  work,  Dr.  Kenrick's  Exer- 
cises, adapted  to  his  translation  of  Zumpt's  Grammar,  have  furnished 
many  of  the  most  valuable  materials ;  and  whatever  was  wanting  in 
that  work  to  complete  the  plan  of  these  exercises  has  been  supplied 
from  other  sources. 


4  PREFACE. 

The  prosodial  exercises  are  taken  from  Bradley's  Prosody,  and 
will  be  found  particularly  useful  to  those  who  wish  to  acquire  the 
art  of  writing  Latin  verses — an  art,  as  experience  has  shown, 
highly  useful  in  improving  the  classical  taste  of  those  who  practise 
it,  and  scarcely  requiring  more  time  or  labor  for  its  acquisition  than 
is  often  spent  in  decrying  it. 

In  regard  to  the  mode  of  using  this  work,  much  must  be  left  to 
the  judgment  of  the  teacher,  who  Avill  be  guided,  in  this  respect, 
by  a  consideration  of  the  age  and  attainments  of  the  student.  In 
general,  the  exercises  in  etymology,  and  the  shorter  ones  in  syntax, 
can  be  corrected  after  the  first  perusal  of  the  Grammar ;  while  the 
remaining  parts  should  be  studied  in  connection  with  a  thorough 
review  of  those  portions  of  the  Grammar  to  which  they  relate. 
In  commencing  the  study  of  this  work,  it  may  be  best  for  the  student 
to  write  the  principal  part  of  his  exercises;  but  subsequently,  and 
especially  in  reviewing  it,  oral  translations  will  probably  be  found 
more  useful.  By  this  means,  English  words  and  phrases  become 
permanently  associated  with  the  corresponding  Latin  expressions, 
so  that  the  latter  are  immediately  suggested  by  the  former. 

The  exercises  in  hexameter  and  pentameter  verses  can  be  com- 
menced as  soon  as  the  student  is  well  acquainted  with  the  principal 
rules  of  prosody.  With  these  it  may  be  found  useful  to  connect  the 
composition  of  what  are  called  nonsense  verses,  or  lines  correctly 
constructed,  according  to  the  rules  of  prosody,  but  without  regard 
to  the  meaning  of  the  words  of  which  they  are  composed.  An 
accurate  knowledge  of  the  mechanical  structure  of  the  verse  may, 
in  this  way,  be  readily  acquired ;  after  which  the  transition  will 
be  easy,  on  the  part  of  those  who  possess  some  share  of  poetical 
genius,  to  the  composition  of  sense  verses. 

When  the  student  is  familiar  with  the  exercises  contained  in  this 
volume,  he  will  be  prepared  to  commence  original  composition ; 
which  should  always  be  accompanied  with  a  careful  perusal  of  the 
best  Latin  classics,  from  which  alone  a  pure  idiom  can  be  acquired. 

BOSTON,  December  25,  1838 


LATIN  EXERCISES. 


ORTHOEPY. 


Divide  and  accent  the  following  words  : 

§  18.  Nemo,  eques,  munus,  timor,  pauper,  fcedus,  caecus, 
gigas,  consiiles,  homines,  corpora,  opttmus,  urgetur,  cupidi- 
tates,  amittttur;  lucrum,  agri,  ambulacrum,  ThemistOcles ; 
nullus,  verbum,  virtus,  doctus,  agnus,  omnis,  scrips!,  pastor, 
naphtha,  Anacharsis. 

§  19.  Genera,  sequora,  eripi,  muneribus,  venerabilis, 
frugalTtas,  Gaditanus,  perltus,  amatus,  audltus;  egregius, 
patricius,  Agrippa,  Euphrates,  Euclides. 

§  2O.  LongissTmus,  princlpes,  vespera,  Vespasianus,  ob- 
lecto,  colendus,  arundines,  vertuntur,  sententia,  patrlbus. 

(a.)  Palladium,  gratia,  patientia,  sedeo,  Mediolanum,  do- 
leo,  morior,  otium,  oleagmus,  Adria,  Trinacria,  Admageto- 
bria;  (6.)  producere,  munera,  laurea,  Eupolis,  volucribus; 
(c.)  induo,  artuum. 

§  511.  Lustratio,  contemplor,  contrarius,  planctus,  con- 
temptor ;  miserabiltter,  magiiificentia,  sedificatio,  vehere,  ve- 
hemens,  lacryma,  Pasiphae,  Pasithea. 

§  23.  Aboleo,  adoro,  adtgo,  ambtgo,  circumeo,  dectdo, 
diluo,  ebibo,  eloquor,  inaudax,  inuro,  obeo,  obambulo,  pereo, 
pererro,  prsedlco,  praelero,  profero,  profluo,  prodesse,  prodigo. 


6  EXERCISES    IN    ETYMOLOG1. 

redeo,  redigo,  relevo,  subactus,  subitus,  suborno,  —  rupi- 
capra,  agricola,  millepeda,  capripes,  noctivagus,  centimanus, 
misericors,  breviloquens,  superstes,  aedifico,  maledico,  mul- 
tirnodis,  quomodo,  comTnus,  propediem,  quilibet,  alicubi, 
praeterea,  sicubi,  quamobrem.  . 

Scientia  nulla  res  est  praestantior.  Obsequium  amicos, 
veritas  odium  parit. 

Ad  Csesarem  Augnstum  delatum  est,  L.  Cinnam  insidias 
ei  struere.  Cinnam  ad  se  accersivit,  dimissisque  omnibus, 
indicium  exposuit,  adjecit  locum,  socios,  diem,  ordmem  in- 
sidiarum ;  et  cum  sua  in  eum  beneficia  plunma  commemo- 
rasset,  pro  quibus  ille  infandam  ccedem  paraverat,  his  verbis 
desiit :  "  Vitarn  tibi,  Cinna,  iterum  do,  prius  hosti,  cum  te  in 
hostium  meorum  castris  invenerim,  nunc  insidiatori  ac  par- 
ricide. Ex  hodierno  die  inter  nos  amicitia  incipiat ;  et 
quarn  libenter  ego  tibi  vitam  do,  tarn  libenter  tu  mihi  earn 
debeas."  Post  hnec,  detiilit  ei  ultro  consulatum,  questus  quod 
non  auderet  petere ;  amicissimum  fidelissimumque  habuit. 
Heres  illi  solus  fuit :  et  nullis  amplius  insidiis  ab  ullo  petltus 
est,  id  dementia  consecutus,  quod  antea  severitate  frustra 
quoesiverit. 


ETYMOLOGY. 

PART    I. 

NOUNS. 

The  following  questions  are  inserted  as  examples  of  exercises  on  the 
declensions. 

What  are  the  terminations  of  the  several  cases  in  the  first 
declension  in  each  number?  —  in  the  second  declension?  — 
in  the  third?  —  in  the  fourth?  —  in  the  fifth?  What  is  the 
termination  of  the  nom.  sing,  in  the  first  declension?  —  nom. 
plur.  ?  —  gen.  sing.  ?  —  gen.  plur.  ?  —  dat.  sing  ?  —  dat.  plur.  ? 

—  ace.  sing.?  —  ace.  plur.?  —  voc.  sing.? — voc.  plur.?  — 

—  abl.  sing.  ?  —  abl.  plur.  ? 

Similar  questions  should  be  proposed  in  regard  to  the  other  declen- 
§ions,  varying  their  order,  till  each  termination  can  be  readily  given 


ETYMOLOGY TERMINATIONS    OF    NOUNS.  7 

without  reference  to  its  connection  ;  after  which  promiscuous  exercises 
on  all  the  declensions  can  be  introduced. 

What  is  the  root  of  aula  ?  —  cur  a  1  — galea  ?  —  insula  ?  — 
litera  ?  —  luscinia  ?  —  machma  ?  —  penna  ?  —  sagitta  1  — 
Stella  1  —  toga  ? 

What  is  the  root  of  animus  1  —  clypeus  ?  —  corvus  1  — gla- 
dius  ?  —  numerus  ?  — puer  ?  —  socer  ?  —  aper  1  — faber  ?  — 
magister  1  —  antrum  1  —  bellum  1  —  negotium  ? 

What  is  the  root  of  poema  ?  —  stemma  ?  —  anclle  ?  — 
aquilo  ?  —  regio  ?  —ferrugo  ?  — formldo  ?  —  homo  ?  —  caro  ? 
—  animal  1  —  Titan  ?  —  career  ?  —  mel  ?  —  agmen  1  —  tibl- 
cen  1  —f rater  1  —  crater  1  —fcr  1  —  hcpar  ?  —  cor  ?  —  ebur  ? 
— pictas  ?  —  mas  ?  —  ales  ?  —  clades  ?  —  comes  ?  —  lebes  ?  — 
miles  ?  —  seges  1  —  obscs  1  —  Ceres  1  —  classis  ?  —  cuspis  1  — 
sanguis  1  —  Us  ?  —  mos  ?  —  custos  1  —  bos  ?  — faidus  1  —  cor- 
pus ?  — palus  ?  —  virtus  ?  — jus  ?  —  laus  ?  —  stirps  ?  —  dens  ? 
forceps  ?  — frons  ?  —  auceps  ?  —  comix  ?  —  conjux  ?  —  lex  1 
apex  ?  —  senex  ?  —  nix  ?  —  nox  ? 

What  is  the  root  of  cantus  ?  —  currus  ?  —  exercitus  1  — 
veru  1  — Jides  1  —  spes  ?  — fades  1 

The  student  will  perceive  that  the  roots  of  many  nouns  and  adjec- 
tives are  not  found  in  the  nominative  singular.  For  the  purpose  of 
supplying  the  true  root,  as  well  as  for  determining  the  declension,  the 
termination  of  the  genitive  singular  is  given  in  the  dictionary,  since, 
in  all  the  declensions,  the  root  may  be  found  by  removing  the  termi- 
nation of  this  case. 

Give  aula,  dat.  sing.;  cur  a,  gen.  plur.  ;  galea,  ace.  sing.; 
insula,  abl.  plur. ;  litera,  ace.  plur. ;  luscinia,  abl.  sing. ;  mach- 
ma, nom.  plur.  ;  penna,  gen.  sing. ;  sagitta,  voc.  plur.  ; 
stella,  dat.  plur. ;  toga,  voc.  sing. 

Give  animus,  nom.  plur.  ;  clypcus,  voc.  sing. ;  corvus,  abl. 
sing. ;  focus,  ace.  sing. ;  gladius,  gen.  plur. ;  lucus,  ace. 
plur. ;  numerus,  dat.  plur. ;  occanus,  dat.  sing. ;  trochus,  dat. 
sing. ;  puer,  abl.  sing. ;  Lucifer,  ace.  sing. ;  socer,  gen.  plur.; 
aper,  ace.  plur. ;  auster,  dat.  sing. ;  fabcr,  nom.  plur. ;  liber, 
abl.  plur. ;  magister,  voc.  sing. ;  onager,  dat.  plur. ;  Tcucer, 
abl.  sing. ;  antrum,  ace.  sing. ;  atrium,  nom.  plur. ;  bellum, 
ace.  plur. ;  exemplum,  abl.  plur. ;  negotium,  dat.  sing. ;  saxum, 
gen.  plur. ;  Tullius,  voc.  sing. 

Give  poema,  abl.  sing. ;  schema,  nom.  plur. ;  stemma,  gen. 
plur. ;  epigramma,  gen.  sing. 


8         ETYMOLOGY TERMINATIONS  OF  NOUNS. 

Ancile,  dat.  sing. ;  mantlle,  abl.  sing. ;  rete,  gen.  plur. ; 
ovile,  ace.  plur. ;  aquilo,  gen.  sing. ;  bubo,  ace.  sing. ;  rcgio, 
ace.  plur. ;  oratio,  nom.  plur. ;  ratio,  gen.  plur. ;  latro,  abl. 
sing. ;  — ferrugo,  dat.  sing. ;  formido,  ace.  plur. ;  grando, 
gen.  sing. ;  origo,  gen.  plur. ;  virgo,  dat.  plur. ;  homo,  ace. 
sing. ;  caro,  abl.  sing. 

Animal,  nom.  plur. ;  vigil,  ace.  sing. ;  Titan,  dat.  sing. ; 
Siren,  ace.  plur. ;  career,  dat.  plur. ;  calcar,  abl.  sing. ;  j^w/- 
vinar,  nom.  plur. ;  —  m«/,  nom.  plur. ;  —  agmen,  dat.  sing.; 
crimcn,  nom.  plur. ;  carmen,  abl.  plur. ;  gramcn,  abl.  sing. 

Tibicen,  ace.  sing. ;  —  mater,  nom.  plur. ;  frater,  abl. 
plur.;  accipiter,  ace.  sing.;  — crater,  ace.  plur.;  — /ar, 
abl.  sing. ;  hepar,  dat.  sing. ;  cor,  nom.  plur. ;  —  ebur,  abl.  sing. 

Pietas,  ace.  sing. ;  —  »ms,  abl.  plur. 

Ales,  gen.  sing. ;  clades,  ace.  sing. ;  crates,  dat.  plur. ; 
comes,  gen.  plur. ;  «dks,  gen.  plur. ;  lebes,  nom.  plur. ;  miles, 
ace.  plur. ;  vulpes,  dat.  sing. ;  pedes,  abl.  sing. ;  seges,  abl. 
plur. ;  —  oises,  nom.  plur. ;  heres,  ace.  sing. ;  Ceres,  abl. 
sing. ;  as,  dat.  sing. 

Classis,  ace.  sing. ;  messis,  nom.  plur. ;  ow's,  gen.  plur. ; 
pellis,  dat.  sing. ;  vz7/s,  ace.  plur. ;  sitis,  ace.  sing. ;  Aprilis, 
abl.  sing. ;  —  cinis,  dat.  sing. ;  cuspis,  ace.  sing. ;  sanguis, 
abl.  sing. ;  7/s,  nom.  plur. ;  Quiris,  gen.  plur. 

Mos,  abl.  plur. ;  ros,  abl.  sing. ;  arbos,  ace.  sing. ;  efos,  ace. 
plur.;  saccrdos,  dat.  plur.;  — custos,  nom.  plur.;  60s,  ace. 
sing.,  dat.  plur. 

Fo&dus,  nom.  plur. ;  corpus,  abl.  sing. ;  frigus,  dat.  plur. ; 
munus,  ace.  plur. ;  ncmus,  dat.  sing. ;  vulnus,  gen.  plur. ; 
tcmpus,  ace.  sing. ;  — palus,  ace.  sing. ;  juventus,  abl.  sing.  ; 
virtus,  nom.  plur.;  Jz*s,  ace.  plur. ;  tellus,  ace.  sing. ;  /GMS, 
abl.  plur. ;  sus,  dat.  plur. 

Stirps,  abl.  sing. ;  dens,  nom.  plur. ;  wzons,  dat.  plur. ;  cliens, 
gen.  plur. ;  forceps,  ace.  sing. ;  frons,  ace.  plur. ;  auceps, 
dat.  sing. 

Comix,  gen.  sing. ;  conjux,  dat.  plur.  ;  cr?/z,  dat.  sing. ; 
lex,  ace.  plur. ;  nutrix,  ace.  sing. ;  frux,  abl.  plur. ;  — -  apex, 
nom.  plur.;  index,  abl.  sing.;  pontifcx,  ace.  sing.;  supellez, 
ace.  sing.;  senez,  abl.  plur.;  mz,  abl.  sing.;  woz,  gen.  plur., 
ace.  plur. ;  Thrax,  gen.  plur. 

Cantus,  abl.  sing. ;  currus,  gen.  sing. ;  exercitus,  ace. 
plur. ;  JluctuSy  abl.  plur. ;  sendtus,  dat.  sing. ;  facws,  dat.  plur. ; 
vcru,  abl.  sing. ;  pecu,  abl.  plur. ;  Jides,  abl.  sing. ;  spes,  nom. 
plur. ;  fades,  gen.  sing. 


ETYMOLOGY TERMINATIONS    OF    PRONOUNS. 


ADJECTIVES. 

Give  dltus,  abl.  sing,  fern.,  nom,  plur.  neut.,  ace.  plur, 
masc. ;  Jidus,  gen.  plur.  masc.,  ace.  plur.  fern.,  abl,  plur.  • 
longus,  ace.  sing,  masc.,  abl.  sing,  masc.,  gen.  plur.  fern., 
ace.  plur.  neut. ;  benignus,  voc.  sing,  masc.;  asper,  dat.  sing, 
fiiasc.,  nom.  plur.  neut.,  abl.  sing,  fern, 

Miser,  nom.  sing,  neut.,  nora.  plur.  fern. ;  fegcr,  nom.  plur. 
masc.,  ace.  sing,  fern.,  dat.  sing.  neut. ;  sacer,  gen.  plur.  fern., 
ace.  plur.  masc.,  dat.  sing,  fern.;  alius,  nom.  sing,  neut.; 
solus,  gen.  sing. ;  alter,  dat.  sing. 

Alacer,  nom.  sing.  neut. ;  celeber,  nom.  plur.  masc. ;  pa- 
luster,  ace.  sing.  fern. ;  salubcr,  ace.  plur.  neut. ;  terrester, 
gen.  plur. 

Brcvis,  ace,  sing,  neut.,  abl.  sing. ;  dulcis,  nom.  plur. 
masc.,  abl.  plur.;  omnis,  nom.  plur.  neut,  gen.  plur.;  tres, 
gen.  plur.,  ace.  plur.  neut;  altior,  dat.  sing.,  ace.  sing,  neut., 
nom.  plur.  fern. ;  felicior,  abl.  sing.,  dat.  plur.,  ace.  plur. 
neut. ;  gravior,  gen.  plur. 

Audax,  dat  sing.,  nom.  plur.  neut.,  abl.  plur. ;  ingens,  ace. 
sing,  neut.,  ace.  plur.  fern. ;  kebes,  ace.  sing.  masc. ;  dives, 
abl.  sing.,  gen.  plur.;  dcscs,  nom.  plur.  masc.;  bipes,  ace. 
sing.  masc. ;  compos,  abl.  sing. ;  coelebs,  abl.  sing.;  anceps, 
nom,  plur.  masc.,  gen.  plur.;  pauper,  gen.  plur.;  senex,  gen. 
plur.;  concors,  dat.  sing.;  vetus,  gen.  plur.;  uber,  ace.  plur. 
neut.;  voluccr,  gen.  plur.;  memor,  gen.  plur. 

What  is  the  root  of  arctus  1  —  its  comparative  ?  —  its  su- 
perlative? What  is  the  root  of  capax?  —  its  comparative  I 
—  its  superlative  ?  What  is  the  root  of  clemens  ?  —  its  com- 
parative? —  its  superlative  ? 

Compare  miser,  saluber,  pulcher. 


PRONOUNS. 

Give  ego,  ace.  sing.,  abl.  plur. ;  tu,  dat.  sing.,  ace.  plur.  ; 
sui,  abl.  sing.,  gen.  plur. 

Ille,  ace.  sing,  neut.,  gen.  plur.  fern. ;  iste,  dat.  sing.,  ace. 
plur.  fern. ;  hie,  abl.  sing,  fern.,  dat.  plur. ;  is,  dat.  sing.,  dat. 
plur. ;  istic,  abl.  sing.  neut. ;  idem,  ace,  sing,  fern.,  abl.  plur.  ; 
fpse,  nom.  sing,  neut,  nom.  plur,  masc. ;  qui,  ace.  sing,  masc.. 


10  ETYMOLOGY CONJUGATIONS. 

acc.  plur.  neut. ;  quicunque,  abl.  sing,  fern,,  dat.  plur. ;  quis- 
guisj  abl.  sing,  neut,  dat.  plur. ;  quis,  acc.  sing.  neut. ;  quis- 
nam,  acc.  sing.  masc. ;  nunquis,  acc.  plur.  neut. ;  cujas,  acc. 
sing. ;  siquis,  gen.  sing.,  nom.  plur.  neut. ;  quisque,  nom. 
sing.  neut. ;  unusquisque,  abl.  sing.  masc. ;  quitibet,  dat. 
sing. ;  quivis,  acc.  sing.  fern. ;  quidam,  gen.  plur.  fern,  ;  meus, 
voc.  sing.  masc. ;  noster,  dat.  sing.  neut. 


VERBS. 

What  are  the  personal  terminations  of  the  active  voice? 
—  of  the  passive  voice  ?  What  are  the  terminations  of  the 
second  and  third  roots  in  the  first  conjugation  ?  —  second 
conjugation  ?  —  third  conjugation  ?  —  fourth  conjugation  ?  — 
Give  the  terminations  of  the  parts  formed  from  the  first  root 
in  the  first  conjugation,  active  voice  —  passive  voice  —  in 
the  second  conj.  act.  —  pass.  —  in  the  third  conj.  act.  — 
pass.  —  in  the  fourth  conj.  act.  —  pass. 

Give  the  terminations  of  the  parts  formed  from  the  second 
root  —  from  the  third  root. 

The  student  should  be  exercised  on  the  terminations  af  verbs,  in 
each  conjugation,  voice,  mood,  tense,  person,  and  number,  till  he  can 
give  the  required  termination  of  any  part,  and,  on  the  other  hand,  can 
decide  readily  where  any  given  form  is  found. 

Give  the  principal  parts  of  the  following  verbs  in  both 
voices  :  — 

Laudo,  to  praise;  muto,  to  change;  voco,  to  call;  com- 
pleo,  to  Jill ;  moveo,  to  move;  terreo,  to  terrify;  duco,  to 
lead;  mitto,  to  send;  jacio,  to  throw;  nutrio,  to  nourish; 
punio,  to  punish ;  vestio,  to  clothe. 

NOTE.  Do  is  a  sign  of  the  present  tense,  did  usually  of  the  perfect, 
but  when  it  denotes  continued  or  customary  action,  of  the  imperfect. 
These  auxiliaries  are  used  especially  in  interrogations. 

A  sentence  may  be  changed  from  the  declarative  to  the  interrogative 
form,  by  prefixing  an  or  nitm,  or  by  annexing  the  enclitic  ne  to  the  first 
word  in  the  clause  ;  as,  audis,  thou  hearest ;  an  audis?  num.  audisf  or 
audisne?  dost  thou  hear  ? 

Give  the  Latin  words  corresponding  to  the  following  Eng- 
lish forms :  — 


ETYMOLOGY CONJUGATIONS.  11 

ACTIVE  VOICE. 

I  praise,  thou  wilt  praise,  he  was  praising ;  we  have  praised, 
ye  may  praise,  they  had  praised. 

I  was  changing,  thou  hast  changed,  he  had  changed ;  we 
shall  have  changed,  ye  will  change,  they  change. 

I  will  call,  thou  rnayst  call,  he  would  call;  we  might  have 
called,  ye  call,  they  had  called. 

I  have  filled,  thou  shouldst  have  filled,  he  will  have  filled; 
we  would  have  filled,  ye  fill,  they  were  filling. 

I  had  moved,  thou  mightst  move,  let  him  move;  we  may 
move,  ye  will  have  moved,  they  will  move. 

I  may  terrify,  thou  wast  terrifying,  he  would  have  terrified; 
we  terrify,  ye  might  terrify,  they  have  terrified. 

I  might  lead,  lead  thou,  let  him  lead;  we  will  lead,  ye 
had  led,  they  would  lead. 

I  may  have  sent,  thou  wilt  have  sent,  he  sends ;  we  will 
send,  send  ye,  they  can  send. 

I  might  have  thrown,  thou  hadst  thrown,  let  him  throw; 
we  would  throw,  ye  will  throw,  let  them  throw. 

I  shall  have  nourished,  nourish  thou,  he  was  nourishing j 
we  nourish,  ye  were  nourishing,  they  will  nourish. 

I  punished,  thou  mayst  have  punished,  he  had  punished; 
we  should  have  punished,  ye  punish,  they  punished. 

I  shall  clothe,  thou  shouldst  clothe,  he  clothed ;  we  have 
clothed,  ye  will  have  clothed,  they  could  have  clothed. 

I  do  call,  dost  thou  praise?  did  he  move?  do  we  send?  ye 
did  terrify,  imp.,  did  they  punish  ? 

To  praise  ;  to  be  about  to  move;  to  have  led  ;  of  calling ; 
by  sending;  to  lead,  supine. 

§  162,  14.  I  was  about  to  praise,  thou  mayst  be  about  to 
call,  he  will  be  about  to  lead ;  we  may  have  been  about  to 
throw,  ye  are  about  to  punish,  they  would  have  been  about 
to  clothe. 

PASSIVE   VOICE. 

I  am  praised,  thou  wast  praised,  imp.t  he  will  be 
praised  ;  we  may  be  praised,  ye  had  been  praised,  they 
were  praised. 

I  was  changed,  imp.,  thou  shalt  be  changed,  he  had 
been  changed ;  we  would  have  been  changed,  ye  have 
been  changed,  they  shall  be  changed. 


2  ETYMOLOGY CONJUGATIONS. 

I  shall  be  called,  thou  wilt  have  been  called,  he  may  be 
called  ;  we  would  be  called,  ye  are  called,  they  should  have 
been  called. 

I  have  been  filled,  thou  wilt  be  filled,  let  him  be  filled; 
we  shall  have  been  filled,  ye  may  be  filled,  they  are  filled. 

I  had  been  moved,  be  thou  moved,  he  will  have  been 
moved  ;  we  were  moved,  perf.,  ye  should  have  been  moved, 
they  may  be  moved. 

I  may  be  terrified,  thou  couldst  be  terrified,  he  was  terri- 
fied, imp. ;  we  would  be  terrified,  ye  will  be  terrified,  they 
were  terrified,  perf. 

I  might  be  led,  thou  wast  led,  imp.,  he  has  been  led ;  we 
should  have  been  led,  be  ye  led,  they  had  been  led. 

I  should  have  been  sent,  thou  art  sent,  he  will  be  sent ; 
we  have  been  sent,  ye  might  be  sent,  let  them  be  sent. 

I  would  have  been  thrown,  thou  mayst  be  thrown,  he  is 
thrown;  we  shall  be  thrown,  ye  might  have  been  thrown, 
they  are  thrown. 

I  shall  have  been  nourished,  be  thou  nourished,  he  was 
nourished,  imp. ;  we  might  be  nourished,  ye  had  been 
nourished,  they  will  be  nourished. 

I  could  be  punished,  thou  art  punished,  he  would  have 
been  punished  ;  we  shall  be  punished,  ye  were  punished, 
perf.,  they  are  punished. 

I  may  have  been  clothed,  thou  wilt  have  been  clothed,  he 
was  clothed,  imp. ;  we  had  been  clothed,  ye  can  be  clothed, 
they  might  have  been  clothed. 

Am  I  called  ?  art  thou  moved  ?  is  he  changed  ?  were  we 
led?  perf.;  had  ye  been  nourished?  have  they  been  pun- 
ished ? 

To  be  praised,  to  be  about  to  be  moved,  to  have  been  led, 
sent  or  being  sent,  to  be  punished,  part,  in  dus. 

§  162,  15.  I  ought  to  be  praised,  thou  deservedst  to  be 
called,  he  has  deserved  to  be  sent ;  we  may  deserve  to  be 
praised,  ye  will  have  deserved  to  be  punished,  they  might 
have  deserved  to  be  clothed. 

ACTIVE  AND   PASSIVE   VOICES. 

They  will  praise,  I  am  changed,  ye  call,  we  are  filled,  ye 
will  have  been  moved,  he  leads. 

We  are  terrified,  they  send,  thou  wilt  be  nourished,  ye 
were  punished,  imp.,  I  throw,  they  will  have  been  clothed. 


ETYMOLOGY CONJUGATIONS.  13 

Be  thou  called,  he  may  change,  I  have  praised,  I  will  fill, 
ye  were  clothed,  perf.,  be  ye  filled. 

Let  him  be  praised,  I  am  nourished,  thou  art  clothed,  he 
leads,  we  shall  have  been  nourished,  they  will  change. 

We  were  sent,  imp.,  they  had  been  terrified,  I  lead,  he 
will  be  filled,  we  shall  have  been  clothed,  I  am  led. 

Thou  art  called,  ye  might  have  been  nourished,  he  sends, 
they  fill,  we  might  have  been  led,  ye  did  call,  imp. 

We  have  been  clothed,  thou  wast  praised,  thou  leadest,  let 
him  be  sent,  lead  ye,  they  should  be  punished. 

I  may  move,  they  may  be  filled,  he  is  nourished,  thou 
sendest,  we  shall  have  led,  ye  nourish. 

Let  them  be  filled,  I  did  praise,  perf.,  we  have  been  ter- 
rified, be  ye  clothed,  they  might  have  been  sent,  we  shall 
change. 

He  would  be  terrified,  I  was  praising,  they  have  been 
sending,  we  have  been  led,  ye  will  be  punished,  we  had 
filled. 

We  had  been  called,  ye  have  changed,  thou  terrifiest,  ye 
are  led,  we  were  sending,  they  had  been  throwing. 


PART    II. 

NOUNS. 
FIRST  DECLENSION. 

A  hall ;  of  care  ;  to  a  helmet ;  an  Aula ;  cura  ;  galea ;  in- 

island  ;  O  muse  ;  by  a  machine.  sula,acc.;musa;  machina. 

Altars;  of  doves;  for  boats;  Ara;  columba ;  cym- 

spears  ;  O  nightingales  ;  with  ba  ;  hasta,  ace. ;  luscinia ; 

arrows.  sagitta. 

An  abridgment ;  of  Midas  ;  for  Epitome  ;  Midas  ;  tia- 

a  turban ;  a  comet ;  O  son  of  ras ;  cometes,  ace. ;  Pri- 

Priam  ;  by  the  north  wind.  amides  ;  Boreas. 

SECOND  DECLENSION. 

The  mind  ;  of  a  raven  ;    for  a        Animus;  corvus;  clyp- 

shield  ;  a  sword  ;  O  master ;  in  a  eus  ;  gladius,  ace. ;  dom- 

grove.  mus;  lucus. 
2 


14 


ETYMOLOGY DECLENSION    OF    NOUNS. 


Numbers  ;  of  rivers  ;  for  gar- 
dens ;  clouds ;  O  swans ;  from 
the  rocks. 

Of  Bacchus  ;  O  boys;  a  father- 
in-law  ;  for  the  evening ;  wild 
boars ;  by  workmen. 

Caves ;  by  war  ;  rocks  ;  for 
examples ;  O  defence  ;  of  scep- 
tres. 

O  Virgil ;  of  the  Greeks ;  to 
the  gods  ;  O  son ;  lyres ;  Al- 
pheus. 


Numerus ;  fluvius ;  hor- 
tus  ;  nimbus,  ace. ;  cyc- 
nus;  scopiilus. 

Liber ;  puer ;  socer, 
ace.;  vesper  ;  aper ;  faber. 

Antrum  ;  bellum  ;  sax- 
urn,  ace. ;  exemplum  ; 
praesidium ;  sceptrum. 

Virgilius  ;  Danaus ;  de- 
us  ;  filius  ;  barblton  ;  Al- 
pheos,  ace. 


THIRD   DECLENSION. 


Flowers ;  of  reason  ;  reeds ; 
with  flesh  ;  for  a  boat  ;  O  spring. 

Trees;  for  a  reward;  of  the 
mouth ;  with  the  bones ;  clouds ; 
peace. 

Of  a  crown  ;  for  a  seat ;  pea- 
cocks ;  images ;  in  order ;  to 
Apollo. 

To  the  Anio  ;  milk  ;  O  consuls  ; 
animals  ;  in  a  prison  ;  of  honey. 

From  the  rivers ;  showers  ;  of 
a  cup ;  corn  ;  to  Jupiter ;  with 
strength. 

To  the  heart ;  piety ;  males ;  by 
sureties ;  of  a  vessel ;  of  ducks. 

O  guests  ;  of  a  bird ;  from  fir- 
trees  ;  rest ;  hostages ;  to  heirs. 

Of  brass ;  to  Ceres ;  O  birds ;  in 
the  dust ;  a  helmet ;  Romans. 

For  grandchildren  ;  honors  ;  a 
tree  ;  of  keepers  ;  O  the  times  ; 
with  disgrace. 

Anvils ;  in  safety ;  for  the  coun- 
try ;  of  a  crane  ;  the  earth ;  by 
fraud. 

Beams  ;  in  winter ;  for  the  fore- 
head ;  of  prinees  ;  leaves  ;  voices. 


Flos ;  ratio  ;  arundo, 
ace.;  caro;  linter;  ver. 

Arbor,  ace. ;  merces  ; 
os  ;  os  ;  nubes  ;  pax. 

Diadema  ;  sedile ;  pa- 
vo,  ace.;  imago;  ordo; 
Apollo. 

Anio ;  lac,  ace. ;  con- 
sul ;  animal ;  career ;  mel. 

Flumen  ;  imber,  ace. ; 
crater  ;  far,  pi. ;  Jupiter  ; 
robur. 

Cor ;  pietas,  ace.;  mas  ; 
vas ;  vas  ;  anas. 

Hospes  ;  ales  ;  abies  ; 
quies,  ace. ;  obses  ;  heres. 

^Es  ;  Ceres  ;  avis ;  pul- 
vis  ;  cassis  ;  Quiris. 

Nepos  ;  honos  ;  arbos, 
ace.;  custos;  tempus;  ded- 
ecus. 

Incus  ;  salus  ;  rus  ; 
grus;  tellus,  ace.;  fraus. 

Trabs,  ace. ;  hiems  ; 
frons ;  princeps ;  frons  ; 
vox,  ace. 


ETYMOLOGY ADJECTIVES.  15 

Of  the  cuckoo ;  the  thumb  ;  for  Coccyx ;  pollex,  ace. ; 

an  old  man; snows;  in  the  night;  senex;  nix;  nox;  rex. 
O  king. 

The  Tiber;  from  a  seat;  in  the  Tiberis,  ace. ;  sedlle  ; 

sea ;    of  birds  ;    with  oxen  ;    for  mare ;  avis ;  bos ;  sus. 
swine. 

Thirst ;  a  tower ;  by  force  ;  in  Sitis,  ace. ;  turris,  ace. ; 

the   country  ;    of  mountains  ;  of  vis  ;  rus ;  mons  ;  bos. 
oxen. 

Of  a  cloak ;  a  hero  ;  lamps ;  to  Chlamys  ;  heros,  ace. ; 

poetry  ;  O  Orpheus  ;  the  air.  lampas,  ace. ;  poesis ;  Or- 
pheus; aer. 


FOURTH  DECLENSION. 

Of  a  song ;  for  a  chariot ;  in  the  Cantus  ;  currus ;  flue- 
waves;  O  grief ;  spits;  armies.  tus ;  luctus;  veru,  ace.; 

exercitus. 

At  home ;  for  the  tribes ;  of  a  Domus  ;  tribus  ;  do- 
house  ;  upon  the  knees ;  ice ;  by  mus ;  genu  ;  gelu,  ace. ; 
the  senate.  senatus. 


FIFTH  DECLENSION. 

For  the  common  people  ;    of        Plebes  ;    fides  ;  dies ; 
faith ;  by  days ;  for  things  ;  hopes ;    res ;  spes,  ace. ;  fades, 
faces. 


ADJECTIVES. 

FIRST  AND  SECOND  DECLENSIONS. 

A  good  boy ;  of  faithful  friends ;  Bonus  puer2 ;  fidus 

on  a  lofty  rock ;  of  avaricious  amicus ;  altus  rupes3 ; 

men  ;  for  kind  mothers  ;  with  a  avarus  homo3  ;  benignus 

full  hand.  mater3  ;  plenus  manus4. 

A  rough  beard ;  a  free  voice ;  O  Asper  barba1 ;  liber 

wretched  fortune ;  of  tender  grass ;  vox3  ;  miser  fortuna1 ; 

with  ill  health ;  sacred  temples.  tener  gramen3 ;  seger  val- 

etudo3 ;  sacer  templum2. 

Another  time;  no  letter;   for  Alius tempus3,acc.; nul- 


16 


ETYMOLOGY PRONOUNS. 


Penelope  alone  ;  of  any  fountain ; 
to  each  pole  ;  other  books. 


lus  litera*  ;  solus  Penelo- 
pe1 ;  ullus  fons3 ;  uterque 
polus2;  alter  liber2. 


THIRD  DECLENSION. 


Sharp 
mind ;  a 


vinegar ;  of  a  cheerful 
celebrated   monument : 


in  a  healthy  place ;  woody  places  ; 
by  a  winged  dove. 

In  a  short  time ;  cruel  tyrants  ; 
sweet  fields ;  O  brave  breasts ; 
with  a  heavy  burden ;  of  all  men. 


In  deeper  water;  of  a  shorter 
life ;  a  more  cruel  war  ;  to  sweeter 
fountains  ;  in  happier  ages  ;  with 
many  words. 

Daring  deeds  ;  happy  men  ;  to 
the  huge  Cyclops  ;  of  the  cunning 
Ulysses  ;  dull  weapons :  in  rich 
fields. 

More  capacious  cups;  dearest 
friends ;  a  more  cruel  mind ;  a  most 
merciful  judge  ;  with  a  very  loud 
Toice ;  of  a  milder  punishment. 

A  very  celebrated  event;  in 
very  difficult  times;  most  magnifi- 
cent gifts  ;  in  a  very  high  place ; 
with  better  fortune  ;  a  very  worth- 
less man. 


Acer  acetum2;  alacer 
animus2;  celeber  monu- 
mentum2 ;  saluber  lo- 
cus2 ;  Silvester  locus2 ; 
volucer  columba1. 

Brevis  tempus3;  cru- 
delis  tyrannus2;  dulcis 
arvum2 ;  fortis  pectus3 ; 
gravis  onus3 ;  omnis  ho- 
mo3. 

Altior  aqua1 ;  brevior 
vita1 ;  crudelior  bellum2 ; 
dulcior  fons3 ;  felicior 
seculum2;  phis  verbum.2 

F  acinus3  audax,  ace.; 
felix  vir2;  ingens  Cy- 
clops3 ;  solers  Ulysses3 ; 
hebes  telum2 ;  dives  ager2. 

Capaxscyphus2;  carus 
amicus,2  ace. ;  crudelis 
animus,2  ace.;  clemens 
judex3;  altusvox3;  mitis 
pO3na1. 

Celeber  res5;  difficilis 
tempus3 ;  magnificus  do- 
num2;  superus  locus2; 
bonus  fbrtuna1;  nequam 
homo3. 


PRONOUNS. 


Of  me  ;  with  thee  ;  me ;  to  her- 
self; of  us  ;  itself. 

To  him  ;  with  them  ;  of  them ; 
to  her ;  this ;  them. 


Ego ;  tu ;  ego ;  sui ; 
ego ;  sui,  ace. 

Ille  ;  ille  ;  iste,  fern.  > 
iste ;  hicyneut.;  hic^wmse 


ETYMOLOGY CONJUGATION    OP    VERBS. 


17 


His  ;  to  them  ;  with  this ;  the 
same ;  for  the  same ;  of  the  same. 

Of  himself;  of  themselves ;  to 
whom  ;  of  whom ;  whomsoever  ; 
what? 

Some  one  ;  if  to  any  one ;  lest 
any  ;  for  each ;  of  a  certain  one  ; 
my  son. 


Is  ;  is  ;  istic,  masc.  ; 
idem,  pi.  ace.  fern. ;  idem, 
sing. ;  idem,  pLfem. 

Ipse  ;  ipse,/ew.;  qui, 
sing.  ;  qui,  pi.  fern. ;  qui- 
cunque,  sing.  masc. ; 
quis?  sing.  neut. 

Aliquis,  ace.  fern. ;  si- 
quis  ;  nequis,  sing,  ace. 
neut. ;  unusquisque ;  qui- 
dam  ;  meus  filius,  voc. 


VERBS. 


SUM. 

We  are  ;  ye  will  be ;  thou  hast        Sum. 
been  ;  they  had  been  ;  I  shall  have 
been ;   he  was,  imp. 

He  would  be  ;  they  may  be ;  she         Sum. 
may  have  been ;  we  would  have 
been ;  be  ye ;   to  be  about  to  be. 

Thou  wouldst  be  ;    to   profit ;        Fore ; 
thou  canst ;  I  have  been  able ;  I    sum. 
may  be  able ;  to  have  been  able. 


prosum ;    pos- 


FIRST  CONJUGATION. 


He  accuses;  I  was  building; 
thou  hast  ploughed ;  they  had 
condemned  ;  we  shall  have  wan- 
dered ;  ye  might  have  dwelt. 

I  may  be  invited ;  thou  hast  been 
praised ;  I  shall  be  freed ;  we  are 
reconciled  ;  let  them  be  slain ;  to 
be  about  to  be  sacrificed. 

He  has  given;  I   had  tamed; 
thou  mightst  have  helped ;  to  have 
washed  ;    they  have  been  killed  ; 
we  shall  have  been  surrounded. 
2* 


Accuso ;  aedifico ;  aro ; 
damno ;  erro  ;  habito. 


Invito ;  laudo ;  libero ; 
concilio  ;  macto  ;  sacrif- 
ice. 

Do  ;  domo  ;  juvo  ;  la- 
vo  ;  neco ;  circumdo. 


18 


ETYMOLOGY  —  CONJUGATION    OF   VERES. 


They  have  stood ;  it  thunders  ; 
ye  may  have  forbidden ;  we  had 
drunk ;  it  may  be  folded ;  thou 
hast  been  tamed. 

Thou  abhorrest  ;  he  was  flat- 
tering ;  he  has  despised  ;  we  had 
helped  ;  ye  will  dislike ;  they  will 
have  accompanied. 

I  may  endeavor;  thou  wouldst 
blame ;  he  may  have  delayed  ;  we 
might  have  ruled ;  rejoice  ye  ;  to 
be  about  to  buy. 


Sto;    tono;  veto;  po- 
to  ;  plico ;  domo. 


Abomlnor  ;  adulor  ; 
aspernor ;  auxilior  ;  aver- 
sor;  comltor. 

Conor;  criminor;  cunc- 
tor  ;  dominor  ;  laetor  'r 
mercor. 


SECOND   CONJUGATION. 


I  restrained ;  thou  wast  covet- 
ing; he  had  grieved;  we  may 
want ;  ye  might  flourish ;  they 
may  have  had. 

I  have  dared;  thou  wilt  in- 
crease ;  beware  thou ;  ye  will 
have  blotted  out;  ye  were  favor- 
ing ;  they  will  weep. 

I  have  been  taught  ;  thou  hadst 
been  moved  ;  he  will  be  soothed  ; 
we  shall  be  held;  ye. are  admon- 
ished ;  they  may  have  been  seen. 

It  pleased  ;  it  has  been  lawful  ; 
it  may  be  clear  ;  it  would  pity ;  it 
may  have  behoved ;  it  will  repent. 

I  was  fearing;  thou  hast  con- 
fessed ;  he  declared ;  we  may  de- 
serve ;  ye  would  pity  ;  they  would 
have  promised. 


Coerceo ;  aveo;  doleo ; 
egeo  ;  floreo  ;  habeo. 


Audeo ;    augeo  ;     ca- 
veo;  deleo;  faveo;  fleo. 


Doceo ;  moveo ;  muT- 
ceo ;  teneo ;  admoneo ; 
video. 

Libet,  imp. ;  licet ;  li- 
quet ;  miseret ;  oportet ; 
prenitet. 

Vereor ;  confiteor ;  pro- 
fiteer ;  mereor ;  misere- 
or  ;  polliceor. 


THIRD  CONJUGATION. 


I  have  driven  ;  thou  nourish- 
est ;  he  had  strangled ;  we  shall 
drink ;  ye  will  have  fallen ;  they 
were  singing. 


Ago  ;  alo ;  ango ;    bi- 
bo  ;  cado ;  cano- 


ETYMOLOGY CONJUGATION   OF   VERBS. 


19 


I  had  taken  ;  thou  wast  pluck- 
ing ;  he  has  yielded  ;  we  might 
decree  ;  ye  may  have  girded  ; 
they  would  have  shut. 

Shall  I  consult  1  dost  thou  be- 
lieve? could  he  desire  1  have  we 
lived?  could  ye  have  said?  can 
they  have  learned  ? 

Lead  thou  ;  say  thou ;  do  thou ; 
let  him  feign  ;  flee  ye ;  let  them 
cast. 

To  strike  ;  to  have  joined ;  to 
be  about  to  hurt  ;  to  be  loved  ; 
to  have  been  left ;  to  be  about  to 
be  placed. 

I  had  been  sought ;  thou  hast 
been  ruled;  he  had  been  loosed; 
we  may  have  been  despised ;  ye 
will  be  taken  away ;  they  will 
have  been  beaten. 

I  was  led ;  thou  hast  been 
taken ;  she  might  have  been  sent ; 
thou  mayst  be  destroyed  ;  they 
had  been  deceived  ;  ye  may  have 
been  known. 

I  was  growing  young ;  thou  hast 
grown  old ;  he  may  have  fallen 
asleep;  we  should  have  become 
silent ;  ye  will  grow  rich ;  they 
would  grow  dull. 

I  have  obtained ;  thou  mayst 
be  angry ;  he  will  have  spoken ; 
we  should  have  obtained  ;  ye  may 
have  forgotten ;  they  suffer. 


Capio;   carpo;    cedo; 
cerno;  cingo ;  claudo. 


Consiilo?  credo?  cu- 
pio  ?  dego  ?  dico  ?  dis- 
co ? 

Duco  ;  dico  ;  facio ; 
fingo  ;  fugio  ;  jacio. 

Ico  ;  jungo  ;  liedo  ; 
diligo  ;  relinquo  ;  pono. 


;  rego  ;  solvo  ; 
sperno  ;  sustollo  ;  tun- 
do. 


Duco,  imp. ;  capio ; 
mitto ;  perdo ;  fal\o,fem. ; 
cognosce. 


Juvenesco  ;  senesco ; 
obdormisco ;  conticesco ; 
ditesco ;  hebesco. 


Adipiscor,  fern. ;  iras- 
cor ;  loquor  ;  nanciscor  ; 
obliviscor,  fern. ;  patior. 


FOURTH  CONJUGATION. 

I  was  sleeping;  thou  art  mad;  Dormio  ;  insanio  ;  cus- 

he  had  kept ;    we  will  finish  ;   ye  todio  ;  finio ;  servio ;  eru- 

will  have  served ;    they  have  in-  dio. 
structed. 

I  have  drawn  ;    thou   speakest  Haurio  ;  effutio ;   obe- 


20  ETYMOLOGY IRREGULAR  VERBS. 

foolishly  ;  he  may  have  obeyed  ;  dio  ;  sentio ;  venio ;  vin- 

we  should    have  felt ;   ye   would  cio. 
come  ;  bind  ye. 

I  have  been  kept ;  thou  wast  in-  Custodio,yem. ;  erudio, 

structed ;  he  is  entangled ;  we  may  imp. ;  impedio  ;  redimio  ; 

be  crowned ;  ye  would  have  been  vincio  ;  punio. 
bound  ;  let  them  be  punished. 

I  have  been  flattered ;  thou  wilt  Blandior  ;     assentior  ; 

assent ;  he  had  tried  ;  we  should  experior  ;  ordior ;  potior ; 

have  begun ;    ye   would  obtain ;  mentior. 
they  may  have  lied. 


IRREGULAR  VERBS. 

I  may  wish ;  thou  hadst  wished  ;        Volo ;  volo  ;  volo  ;  no- 
he  was  wishing;  we  shall  be  un-    lo;   malo ;   malo. 
willing ;  ye  are  more  willing  ;  to 
have  been  more  willing. 

To  bear ;    bear  thou ;  to  have        Fero. 
borne  ;  to  be  about  to  bear ;  borne; 
to  be  borne. 

Made ;   about  to  be  made  ;  to        Fio. 
have  been  made ;  to  be  about  to 
be  made ;  let  them  be  made ;  it  had 
been  made. 

Going  ;  of  going  ;    he  goes  ;  I         Eo. 
was  going  ;  we  went ;  ye  may  go. 

I  shall  hate  ;  to  hate  ;  we  be-        Odi ;  odi ;  coepi ;  mem- 
gan  ;    ye    remember  ;   they  were    ini ;   aio ;  inquam. 
saying ;  say  thou. 


SYNTAX. 


SYNTAX. 


PART   I. 

SUBJECT-NOMINATIVE  AND  VERB. 

<§>  209.  A  verb  agrees  with  its  subject-nominative  in 
number  and  person. 

NOTE.  /  and  we  take  the  first  person  of  the  verb ;  thou  and  you,  the 
second  person ;  all  nouns,  and  the  pronouns  he,  she,  it,  and  they,  the 
third  person. 


I  write. 

Thou  admonishest. 

The  hour  comes. 

We  hear. 

Ye  see. 

Virtues  adorn. 

Thou  wast  playing. 

The  king  will  rule. 

Death  has  taken  away. 

The  moon  was  shining. 

The  bird  has  been  singing. 

The  wolf  had  followed. 

The  time  may  come. 

The  hands  should  labor. 

The  enemy  should  have  fought. 

The  trees  will  have  grown. 

The  mistake  will  be  removed. 

The  law  is  established. 

The  money  may  be  received. 

Carthage  was  destroyed. 

A  supplication  was  decreed. 

An  opportunity  is  waited  for. 

The  senate  has  been  convened. 

Physicians  are  deceived. 

I  have  been  disturbed. 

Csecilius  would  demonstrate. 

Caieta  shall  be  adorned. 


Ego  scribo. 
Tu  moneo. 
Venio  hora. 
Ego  audio. 
Tu  video. 
Virtus  orno. 
Tu  ludo. 
Rex  rego. 
Mors  eripio. 
Fulgeo  luna. 
Cano  avis. 
Lupus  sequor. 
Tempus  venio. 
Manus  laboro. 
Hostis  pugno. 
Arbor  cresco. 
Error  tollo. 
Lex  constituo. 
Pecunia  recipio. 
Carthago  deleo.* 
Supplicatio  decerno. 
Occasio  capto. 
Senatus  convoco. 
Medicus  fallo. 
Ego  perturbo. 
Csecilius  demonstro 
Caieta  orno. 


22 


SYNTAX. SUBJECT-NOMINATIVE    AND    YErvtf. 


The  books  might  be  preserved. 

The  consuls  have  disagreed. 

Were  the  soldiers  sleeping] 

Democritus  might  have  laughed. 

The  apples  will  have  fallen. 

Let  the  boys  learn. 

Troy  would  be  standing. 

Laws  will  have  been  given. 

Treaties  may  have  been  broken. 

Men  may  understand. 

Who  has  spoken  1 

The  gates  will  be  open. 

The  leaves  had  been  scattered. 

I  should  be  silent. 

Ye  have  feared. 

The  dogs  will  pursue. 

The  she-goat  follows. 

Thymcetes  advises. 

The  enemies  threaten. 

The  frogs  wander. 

Years  glide  away. 

Wilt  thou  confess  ? 

We  shall  die. 

Ye  have  rejoiced. 

They  had  promised. 

A  shout  is  heard. 

The  stag  will  be  caught. 

A  story  is  told. 

The  times  are  changed. 

Wars  were  prepared. 

Friends  have  been  found. 

The  ship  will  be  sunk. 

The  money  has  been  paid. 

The  grass  is  cropped. 

Let  industry  be  praised. 

Be  ye  advised. 

Let  thieves  be  punished. 

Ye  may  be  trusted. 

Life  should  be  preserved. 

The  shout  might  have  been  heard, 

The  town  will  have  been  burned. 


Liber  conservo. 
Consul  dissideo. 
Dormio-ne  miles? 
Democritus  rideo. 
Pomum  cado. 
Puer  disco. 
Troja  sto. 
Lex  do. 
Fredus  rumpo. 
Homo  intelligo. 
Quis  dico? 
Porta  pateo. 
Spargo  folium. 
Ego  taceo. 
Tu  timeo. 
Canis  persequor. 
Sequor  capella. 
Thymcetes  hortor. 
Minor  hostis. 
Vagor  ran  a. 
Labor  annus. 
An  fateor? 
Morior. 
Laetor. 

Ille  polliceor. 
Clamor  audio. 
Cervus  capto. 
Fabiila  narro. 
Tempus  muto. 
Bellum  paro.* 
Amicus  invenio. 
Navis  mergo. 
Pecunia  solvo. 
Gramen  carpo. 
Laudo  industria. 
Moneo. 
Punio  fur. 
Credo. 
Vita  servo. 
Clamor  audio. 
Oppidum  incendo. 


imp. 


SYNTAX. 


ADJECTIVES. 


<§>  £05.  Adjectives,  adjective  pronouns,  and  parti- 
ciples, agree  with  their  nouns,  in  gender,  number,  and 
case. 


Envious  age  flies. 

A  free  people  desired. 

One  disgrace  remains. 

That  law  commands. 

The  noblest  men  have  come. 

A  great  error  prevails. 

Icy  winter  comes. 

The  old  wood  was  standing. 

Human  counsels  have  failed. 

The  men  alone  remained. 

The  careful  husbandman  sows. 

Direful  wars  are  prepared. 

Small  things  increase. 

Dark  night  comes  on. 

All  the  grove  will  be  green. 

Greater  glory  may  be  obtained. 

The  bright  stars  were  shining. 

Cultivated  fields  will  flourish. 

Let  impious  crimes  be  punished. 

A  mournful  crowd  follows. 

The  ancient  Romans  conquered. 

Ther^  is  no  delay. 

The  great  pine  is  agitated. 

The  swift  stags  fly. 

The  ripe  apple  falls. 

Conquered  Carthage  fell. 

My  eyes  are  deceived. 

The  night  is  cold. 

Delay  is  not  safe. 

Our  whole  army  has  been  de- 
stroyed. 

Honorable  actions  will  be  re- 
warded. 

A  destructive  war  is  at  hand. 


Fugio  invidus  aetas. 
Liber  populus  desidero. 
Unus  dedecus  resto. 
Is  lex  jubeo. 
Homo  nobllis  venio. 
Magnus  error  versor. 
Venio  glacialis  hiems. 
Silva  vetus  sto. 
Humanusconsiliumcado. 
Vir  solus  permaneo. 
Diligens  agricola  sero. 
Dirus  paro  bellum. 
Parvus  res  cresco. 
Nox  ater  ingruo. 
Nemus  omnis  vireo.  X 
Magnus  gloria  obtineo. 
Lucidus  sidus  fulgeo. 
Cultus  ager  floreo. 
Impius  crimen  punio. 
Moestus  cohors  sequor. 
Vetus  Romanus  vinco. 
Nullus  mora  sum. 
Ingens  pinus  agito. 
Velox  cervus  fugio. 
Mitis  pomum  cado. 
Victus  Carthago  cado. 
Meus  oculus  fallo. 
Frigidus  nox  sum. 
Mora  non  tutus  sum. 
Noster   omnis    exercitus 

intereo. 
Factum    honestus  remu- 

nero. 
Bellum  exitiosus  impen- 

deo. 


SYNTAX. 


ACCUSATIVE  AFTER  VERBS. 

§  229.  The  object  of  an  active  verb  is  put  in  the 
accusative. 


Benefits  procure  friends. 

Dido  founded  Carthage. 

Autumn  pours  forth  fruits. 

The  anchor  holds  the  ship. 

The  earth  produces  flowers. 

Scipio  destroyed  Carthage. 

The  king  had  drawn  out  the  forces. 

Hast  thou  a  son  1 

Care  follows  money. 

Neptune  shook  the  earth. 

He  made  a  law. 

Hope  cheers  the  husbandmen. 

I  follow  thee. 

Rage  furnishes  arms. 

Idleness  consumes  the  body. 

The  mother  produces  a  letter. 

The  wind  drives  the  clouds. 

Aurora  restores  the  day. 

I  have  lost  a  day. 

The  bee  loves  flowers. 

The  sirens  invite  Ulysses. 

The  sailor  ploughs  the  sea. 

Alexander  routed  Darius. 

Overcome  anger. 

Hope  gives  strength. 

Truth  does  not  offend  me. 

You  will  easily  avoid  hatred. 

We  are  leaving  our  pleasant  fields. 

Romulus  founded  Rome. 

Numa  waged  no  war. 

I  have  read  your  letters. 

Sincere  faith  unites  true  friends. 

Cyrus  founded  the  Persian  empire. 
Virtue  bestows  tranquillity. 


Beneficium  paro  amicus. 
Dido  condo  Carthago. 
Autumnus  frux  effundo. 
Teneo  ancora  navis. 
Terra  pario  flos. 
Scipio  deleo  Carthago. 
Rex  educo  copice. 
Habeo-ne  filius? 
Cura  sequor  pecunia. 
Neptunus  terra  percutio. 
Lex  fero. 
Spes  alo  agricola. 
Tu  sequor. 
Furor  arma  ministro. 
Consumo  inertia  corpus. 
Mater  epistola  profero. 
Ventus  ago  nubes. 
Aurora  dies  reduco. 
Dies  perdo. 
Flos  amo  apis. 
Siren  Ulysses  invlto. 
Na.uta  seco  mare. 
Alexander  Darius  fugo. 
Vinco  ira. 
Spes  do  vis. 

Non  ego  offendo  veritas. 
Odium  facTle  vito. 
Linquo  dulcis  arvum. 
Romulus  Roma  condo. 
Numagero  nullus  bellum. 
Lego  tuus  litera. 
Sincerus  fides  jungo  ve- 

rus  amicus. 
Cyrus  fundo  Persicus  im 

perium. 
Virtus    largior    tranquil 

ITtas. 


SYNTAX. 


PREDICATE-NOMINATIVE. 


<§>  210.  A  noun  in  the  predicate,  after  a  verb  neuter 
or  passive,  is  put  in  the  same  case  as  the  subject,  when 
it  denotes  the  same  person  or  thing.  See  also  R.  1. 


Indolence  is  a  vice. 

Anger  is  a  short  madness. 

I  am  not  a  shepherd. 

Men  are  mortal. 

Death  is  certain. 

Caesar  was  accounted  great. 

Thou  art  a  judge. 

We  are  not  ignorant. 

Cicero  was  esteemed  eloquent. 

The  soldiers  sleep  secure. 

You  will  become  a  poet. 

Varro  was  esteemed  a  learned  man. 

Aristides  was  called  just. 

The  soul  is  immortal. 

Avarice  is  a  vice. 

Life  is  short. 

Virtue  is  its  own  reward. 

I  have  been  your  friend. 

Hunger  is  the  best  cook. 

I  was  your  leader. 

The  tree  has  been  a  twig. 

Catiline  was  brave,  but  (his)  cause 

was  unjust. 
Experience  is  the  best  master. 

A  true  friend  is  a  great  treasure. 
A  poem  is  a  speaking  picture. 
A  picture  is  a  silent  poem. 
Virtue  is  the  best  nobility. 
Beauty  is  a  frail  possession. 
3 


Inertia  sum  vitium. 
Ira  furor  brevis  sum. 
Non  ego  sum  pastor. 
Homo  sum  mortalis. 
Mors  sum  certus. 
Caesar  magnus  habeo 
Sum  judex. 
Non  sum  ignarus. 
Cicero  habeo  disertus. 
Miles  dormio  securus. 
Tu  fio  poeta 
Varro  existimo  doctus  vir. 
Aristides  voco  Justus. 
Anima  sum  immortalis. 
Avaritia  sum  vitium. 
Vita  sum  brevis. 
Virtus  sum  suus  merces. 
Tuus  amicus  sum. 
Fames  sum  bonus  coquus. 
Dux  ego  vester  sum. 
Arbor  virga  sum. 
Catilma  sum  fortis,  sed 

causa  sum  injustus. 
Experientia    sum    bonus 

magister. 
Amicus  verus   thesaurus 

sum  magnus. 
Poema  sum  loquens  pic- 

tura. 
Pictura   sum    mutus  po- 

ema. 
Virtus    sum    bonus    no- 

bilitas. 
Forma     bonum     fragflis 

sum. 


26 


SYNTAX. 


GENITIVE  AFTER  NOUNS. 


§  211.  A  noun  which  limits  the  meaning  of  another 
noun,  denoting  a  different  person  or  thing,  is  put  in  the 
genitive. 


The  love  of  money  increases. 

Necessity  is  the  mother  of  arts. 

Scipio  routed  the  forces  of  Han- 
nibal. 

The  sun  is  the  light  of  the  world. 

He  received  the  fruit  of  his  virtue. 

Observe  the  boldness  of  the  man. 

Sleep  is  the  image  of  death. 

Helen  was  the  cause  of  the  Trojan 
war. 

Croesus  was  king  of  the  Lydians. 

The  memory  of  past  evils  is  pleas- 
ant. 

The  course  of  life  is  short,  (that) 
of  glory  eternal. 

The  love  of  country  prevailed. 

The  infirmity  of  nature  is  blamed. 

Pan  is  a  god  of  Arcadia. 

Juno  was  the  wife  of  Jupiter. 

The  horns  of  the  moon  decrease. 

The  dog  follows  the  tracks  of  the 
hare. 

The  soldier  fears  the  arrows  of 
the  enemy. 

Codrus  was  the  last  king  of  the 
Athenians. 

Semiramis  was  the  wife  of  Ninus. 


Cresco  amor  nummus. 
Mater  ars  sum  necessitas. 
Scipio  fundo  Annibal  co- 

piae. 

Sol  sum  lux  mundus. 
Virtus  is  fructus  capio. 
Video  homo  audacia. 
Somnus  imago  mors  sum. 
Helena  causa  sum0  bel- 

lum  Trojanus. 
Rex  Lydus  Croesus  sum. 
Jucundus  sum  memoria 

praeteritus  malum. 
Vita  brevis  sum  cursus, 

gloria  sempiternus. 
Amor  patria  vinco. 
Natura  infirmitas  accuso. 
Pan  Deus  Arcadia  sum. 
Juno  Jupiter  conjux  sum. 
Cornu  luna  decresco. 
Canis  lepus  vestigium  se- 

quor. 
Miles  timeo  sagitta  hostis. 

Codrus  sum  rex  ulterior 

Atheniensis. 
Semiramis  sum  Ninus  ux- 

or. 
Neptune  is  the  god  of  the  waters.    Neptunus    sum     numen 

aqua. 

Honor  is  the  reward  of  virtue.          Honos  sum  prsemium  vir- 
tus. 
Penelope  was  the  wife  of  Ulysses.    Penelope  conjux  Ulysses 

011TYI  & 


sum0. 


•per/. 


imp. 


SYNTAX. 


27 


DATIVE  AFTER  VERBS. 


<$>  222.  A  noun  limiting  the  meaning  of  a  verb,  is 
put  in  the  dative,  to  denote  the  object  or  end,  to  or  for 
which  any  thing  is,  or  is  done. 


Piso  brought  assistance  to  (his) 
brother. 

I  give  thanks  to  you. 

The  body  is  restored  to  the  earth. 

Applause  was  given  to  you. 

I  will  give  (my)  fears  to  the  winds. 

They  favored  the  undertakings  of 
Catiline. 

They  do  good  neither  to  them- 
selves nor  to  any  other. 

L.  Otho  restored  to  the  equestrian 
order  (their)  dignity. 

I  do  not  envy  the  fortune  of  any 
citizen. 

Tell  me  the  truth. 

The  grass  returns  to  the  plains. 

Fortune  gives  too  much  to  many, 
enough  to  none. 

The  enemy  surrendered  them- 
selves to  Caesar. 

Pardon  not  your  own  faults. 

You  may  pardon  the  faults  of 
others. 

Let  us  not  open  (our)  ears  to  flat- 
terers. 

Paris  gave  the  apple  to  Venus. 

Juno  had  offered  him  cities. 

Minerva  had  promised  him  wis- 
dom. 

You  sow  for  yourself,  you  reap 
for  yourself. 

Vulcan  made  arms  for  Achilles. 


Piso  frater  auxilium  fero. 

Ago  tu  gratia. 
Reddo  terra  corpus. 
Do  tu  plausus. 
Metus  trado  ventus. 
Catillna  incoeptum  faveo. 

Nee  sui  nee  alter  prosum. 

L.  Otho  equestris  ordo 
restituo  digmtas. 

Haud  invideo  fortuna  ul- 
lus  civis. 

Dico"  ego  verum. 

Redeo  gramen6  campus. 

Fortuna  multus  do  nimis, 
satis  nullus. 

Hostis6  sui  Caesar  trado. 

Tuus  culpa  ne  ignosco. 
Alius  culpa  ignosco. 

Ne  patefacio  auris  adu- 
lator. 

Paris  Venus  do  pomum. 

Juno  is  urbs  offero. 

Minerva  is  sapientia  pro- 
mitto. 

Tu  sero,  tu  meto. 

Arma  facio  Vulcanus  A- 
chilles. 


•§162,4.      *pl. 


528  SYNTAX. 

ACCUSATIVE  AFTER  PREPOSITIONS. 

§  235.  (1.)    Twenty-six  prepositions  are  followed 
by  the  accusative. 


Ariovistus  sends  ambassadors  to 

Caesar. 

Roses  shine  among  the  lilies. 
Few  come  to  old  age. 
He  waited  at  the  sea  below  the 

town. 
The  slaves  were  in  the  power  of 

the  prosecutor. 
Your  good-will  toward  me,    and 

mine  toward  you,  are  equal. 
There  is  a  grove  near  the  river. 
They  divided  the  captives  among 

themselves. 
The  plebeians  encamped  near  the 

bank  of  the  Anio. 
The  spear   passes   through  both 

(his)  temples. 
Vulcan  possessed  the  islands  near 

Sicily. 
King  Gentius  was  led  (captive) 

before  the  chariot  of  Anicius. 
Behind   me   was  ^Egina,   before 

(me)  Megara. 
(The  temple  of)  Janus  was  twice 

shut  after  the  reign  of  Numa. 
The  hands  of  Vitellius  were  bound 

behind  his  back. 
To  live  according  to  nature  is  the 

chief  good. 
I  hid  the  gold  behind  the  altar. 

Ariovistus  led  his  forces  past  the 
camp  of  Cassar. 


Ariovistus  legatus  ad  Cae- 
sar mitto. 

Rosa  fulgeo  inter  lilium. 

Paucus  venio  ad  senectus. 

Expecto  ad  mare  infra 
oppidum. 

Servus  penes  accusator 
sum. 

Tuus  voluntas  erga  ego, 
et  meus  erga  tu  sum  par. 

Sum  lucus  prope  amnis. 

Divide  inter  sui  captivus. 

Plebs    prope   ripa   Anio 

consido. 
Eo  hasta  per  tempus  uter- 

que". 
Vulcanus    teneo    insula 

propter  Sicilia. 
Ante  Anicius  currus  duco 

Gentius  rex. 
Post    ego    sum 

ante  Megara. 
Janus6    bis    post    Numa 

regnum  claudo. 
Vinc«o  pone   tergum  Vi- 
tellius manus. 
Finis   bonumc    sum    se- 

cundum  natura  vivo. 
Secundum  ara  aurum  ab- 

scondo. 
Ariovistus  praeter  castra 

Caesar  suus  copia  trans 

duco. 


sing.      *  nom.      c  gen.  pL 


SYNTAX. 


/JV  AND   SUB. 


«§>  235.  (2.)  In  and  sub,  denoting  tendency,  are  fol- 
lowed by  the  accusative ;  denoting  situation,  they  are 
followed  by  the  ablative. 


All  Italy  calls  me  back  into  my 

country. 

An  incredible  multitude  came  to- 
gether into  the  Capitol. 
I  have  a  letter  in  (my)  hands. 
The  kingdom  was  in  the  power 

of  the  enemy. 
The  army  of  L.  Cassius  was  sent 

under  the  yoke. 
War  is  concealed  under  the  name 

of  peace. 
The  kingdom  is  in  the  power  of 

the  enemy. 
Many  and  weighty  thoughts  are 

in  my  mind. 
The  poison  flows  into  all  parts  of 

the  body. 
He  terminated  a  very  great  war 

in  Africa. 
I  now  say  nothing   against  that 

man. 

He  fought  in  battle  hand  to  hand. 
A  slave  of  Clodius  was  seized  in 

the  temple  of  Castor. 
He  endeavored  to  make  an  attack 

upon  the  province  of  Brutus. 
I  rest  the  whole  cause  in  your 

clemency. 
Obstinacy  in  very  small  matters 

is  blamed. 
There  are  many  (things)  in  our 

customs  derived  from  the  Py- 
thagoreans. 
He  prepared  a  master  and  tyrant 

for  our  children. 
3* 


Italia  cunctus  ego  in  pa- 

tria  revoco. 
Multitude  incredibilis  in 

Capitolium  convenio. 
In  manus  epistola  teneo. 
Regnum  sum  in  potestas 

hostis. 
L.  Cassius  exercitus  sub 

jugum  mitto. 
Sub  nomen   pax  bellum 

lateo. 
Regnum   sum   in    hostis 

potestas. 
Cogitatio  multus  et  gravis 

sum  in  animus  meus. 
Venenum  in  pars  omnis 

corpus  permano. 
Bellum  magnus  in  Africa 

conficio. 
Jam  nihil  dico  in  homo 

iste. 

In  acies  commus  pugno. 
Servus  Clodius  in  Castor 

templum  comprehendo. 
Conor    impetus  facio  in 

Brutus  provincia. 
Causa  totus  in  humamtas 

vester  repono. 
PertinacTtas  in  res  parvus 

reprehendo. 
Multus  sum  in  institutum 

noster   a   Pythagoreus 

ductus. 
In  noster  liberi  dommus 

et  tyrannus  compare. 


80 


SYNTAX. 


lative. 


ABLATIVE  AFTER  PREPOSITIONS. 
Eleven  prepositions  are  followed  by  the  ab- 


Learn from  me. 

He  spoke  concerning  the  nature 
of  the  war. 

They  took  up  arms  for  the  com- 
mon safety. 

They  undertook  the  business  with- 
out any  delay. 

Think  of  yourselves  and  (your) 
children. 

He  shall  call  (them)  Romans  from 
his  own  name. 

One  part  commences  at  the  river 
Rhone. 

He  spoke  with  a  low  voice. 

As  a  field  without  culture,  so  is 
the  mind  without  learning. 

I    have   received    a   consolatory 

letter  from  Caesar. 
Alcibiades  was  brought  up  in  the 

house    of   Pericles,  (and)    in- 
structed by  Socrates. 
He  went  out  of  the  camp. 
The  arrow  was  driven  up  to  (its) 

feathers. 

The  water  rises  up  to  (his)  waist. 
I  had  the  most  learned  men  daily 

with  me. 

Salute  Cicero  in  my  name5. 
We  are  ready  to  refute  without 

obstinacy,  'and   to   be   refuted 

without  anger. 
Men   could   scarcely   keep   their 

hands  from  you. 


Cognosco  ex  ego. 

De  natura  bellum  dico. 

Arm  a  pro  salus  commu- 

nis  capio. 
Negotium  sine  ullus  mora 

suscipio. 
Cogito  de  tu  et  liberi. 

Romanus  suus  de  nomen 

dico. 
Unus  pars  initium  capio 

a  flumen  Rhodanus". 
Cum  vox  suppressus  dico. 
Ut  ager  sine  cultura,  sic 

sine  doctrma    animus 

sum. 
A  Caesar   literae    accipio 

consolatorius. 
Alcibiades  ediico  in  do- 

mus  Pericles,  erudio  a 

Socrates. 
E  castra  exeo. 
Sagitta  ago  penna  tenus. 

Aqua  surgo  pubes  tenus. 
duotidie  ego-cura  habeo 

homo  doctus. 
A  ego  salus  dico  Cicero. 
Refello   sine   pertinacia, 

et  refello  sine  iracun- 

dia  paro. 
Manus  a  tu  homo  vix  ab» 

stineo  possum. 


•  §  204.      b  Ut.  from  me. 


SYNTAX. 


31 


ABLATIVE   OF  CAUSE,   &c. 

§  247.  Nouns  denoting  the  cause,  manner,  means, 
and  instrument,  after  adjectives  and  verbs,  are  put  in 
the  ablative  without  a  preposition. 


The  moon  shines  with  a  borrowed 

light. 

They  seek  safety  by  flight. 
He  was  beaten  with  rods. 
We  live  by  hope. 
Neptune  struck  the  earth  with  his 

trident. 

I  will  speak  with  a  very  loud  voice. 
He  quieted  the  voice  of  the  people 

by  his  authority. 
Old  age  comes  with  silent  foot. 
Affected  with  a  severe  disease,  he 

died. 
His  mind  is  disturbed  by  sudden 

grief. 

Thou  failest  by  imprudence. 
They  drive  our  (men)  from  the 

rampart  with  slings,  arrows,  and 

stones. 
The  poets   have  introduced  the 

gods  both  inflamed  with  anger 

and  raging  with  passion. 
Red  with  the  blood  of  citizens, 

he  thought  of  nothing  but  the 

ruin  of  the  state. 
He  had  overcome  (his)  enemies 

by  a  show  of  clemency. 
He  suffers  all  the  injuries  of  war 

with  a  patient  mind. 
Are  we  able  to  surpass  Plato  in 

eloquence? 
The    king's   ambassador    openly 

opposes  us  with  money. 
The  seas,  when  agitated  by  the 

wind,  grow  warm. 


Luna  luceo  alienus  lux. 

Fuga  salus  peto. 

Credo  virga. 

Spes  vivo. 

Neptunus    tridens    suua 

terra  percutio. 
Dico  vox  clarus. 
Auctoritas  suus  vox  pop- 

iilus  sedo. 

Pes  tacitus  venio  senectus. 
Affectus   gravis  morbus, 

pereo. 
Mens  subitus  dolor  turbo. 

Tu  imprudentia  labor. 
Fuada,  sagitta,  lapis,  nos- 
ter  de  vallum  deturbo. 

Poeta  et  ira  mflammatus 
et  libido  furens  induco 
deus. 

Cruentus  sanguis  civis, 
nihil  nisi  de  respublica 
pernicies  cogito. 

Adversarius  species  cle- 
mentia  vinco. 

Injuria  omnis  bellum  ani- 
mus aequus  patior. 

Plato  eloquentia  supero 
possum  ? 

Rex  legatus  pecunia  ego 
aperte  oppugno. 

Mare  ventus  agitatus  te- 
pesco. 


SYNTAX. 


INFINITIVE  MOOD. 

§  239.  The  subject  of  the  infinitive  mood  is  put  in 
the  accusative. 

§  270.  The  infinitive,  either  with  or  without  a  sub- 
ject-accusative, may  depend  upon  a  verb. 


1.  We  know  that  the  sun  is  the 
light  of  the  world. 

Terence  says  that  complaisance 

begets  friends. 
The  Pythagoreans  believed  that 

souls  migrated  from  one  animal 

to  another. 
They  report  that  a  day  had  passed 

without  the  sun. 
Zeuxis   said   that   he  wished   to 

draw  a  picture  of  Helen. 
Caesar  commanded  the  soldiers  to 

depart  from  the  town. 

2.  I  desire  to  see  you. 
Dare  to  despise  riches. 

I  was  able  to  touch  the  branches. 
I  cannot  understand. 
Alexander  wished  to  be  feared. 
He  longs  to  relate  the  dangers. 
They  have  endeavored  to  renew 

the  war. 

Virtue  cannot  be  lost. 
No  man   can  be  happy  without 

virtue. 
You  seem  to  entertain  some  hope. 

Themistocles  could  not  take  rest. 
Money  cannot  change  nature. 

Paris    said    that    Hector   waged 
cruel  wars  with  a  bloody  hand. 


Scio  sol  sum  lux  mundus. 

Terentius  dico  obsequi- 
um  amicus  pario. 

Pythagoreus  credo  amma 
ex  unus  animal  in  alter 
discedo. 

Fero  dies  eo  sine  sol. 

Zeuxis  dico  sui  volo  simu- 
lacrum Helena  pingo. 

Caesar  miles  ex  oppidum 
exeo  jubeo. 

Tu  cupio  video. 
Audeo  contemno  ops. 
Possum  contingo  ramus. 
Intelligo  non  possum. 
Alexander  metuo  volo. 
Gestio  narro  periculum. 
Conor  renovo  bellum. 

Virtus  amitto  non  possum. 
Beatus   sum   sine   virtus 

nemo  possum. 
Videor  habeo  spes  non- 

nullus. 
Themistocles  somnum  ca- 

pio  non  possum. 
Natura  mutopecunia  nes- 

cio. 
Paris  dico  Hector  ferreus 

bellum  sanguineus  ma 

nus  moveo. 


SYNTAX. 


33 


CONJUNCTIONS. 

§  278.  Copulative  and  disjunctive  conjunctions,  and 
some  others,  connect  words  which  are  in  the  same  con- 
struction. 


You  love  modesty,  goodness,  and 

virtue. 

Neither  the  senate  nor  the  peo- 
ple has  any  power. 
Wash  your  hands  and  sup 
You  have  the  right  arid  the  power. 
The  sun  sets  and  the  mountains 

are  darkened. 

It  was  night  and  the  moon  was 
»  shining. 
Marius  and  Sulla  waged  a  civil 

war. 
Ulysses  was  not  beautiful,  but  he 

was  eloquent. 
The  winds  subside  and  the  clouds 

disperse. 
We  are  leaving  the  bounds  of  our 

country  and  our  pleasant  fields. 
Riches  are  now  given  to  none  but 

to  the  rich. 


DilTgo  pudor,  et  bonitas, 

virtusque. 
Nee  senatus  nee  populus 

ullus  vis  habeo. 
Lavo  inanus  tuus  et  coeno. 
Habeo  jus  et  potestas. 
Sol  ruo  et  mons  umbro. 

Nox  sum  et  fulgeo  luna. 

Marius   et    Sulla   civilis 

bellum  gero. 
Non  formosus  sum*,  sed 

sum  facundus  Ulysses. 
Concido  ventus  fugiOque 

nubes. 
Ego  patria  finis  et  dulcis 

linquo  arvum. 
Do  opes  nullus*  nunc  nisi 

dives. 


an  injury. 
The  tongue  kills  more  than  the 
sword. 


It  is  better  to  receive  than  to  do    Accipio  praestat  quam  fa- 

cio  injuria. 
Multus  lingua  neco  quam 

gladius. 
Two  or  three  friends  of  the  king    Amicus   rex   duo  tresve 

are  very  rich. 
Man  is  compounded  of  body  and 

soul. 

Neither  embroidered  purple  nor 
the   sceptre   of  Priam   moved 
him. 
Neither  a  tongue  nor  a  hand  was 

wanting  to  (his)  purpose. 
He  adds  a  fleet  and  an  army. 


imp.      b  pi. 


perdlves  sum. 

Homo  componoc  ex  cor- 
pus et  amma. 

Nee  pictus  purpiira  nee 
sceptrum  Priamus  ille 
moveo. 

Nee  lingua  nee  manus 
desum  consilium. 

Classis  et  exercitus   ad 
jungo. 

•per/. 


34 


SYNTAX. 


§204. 


PART   II. 

APPOSITION. 

§  204.  A  noun,  annexed  to  another  noun,  or  to  a 
pronoun,  and  denoting  the  same  person  or  thing,  is  put 
in  the  same  case. 

Tigranes,  the  Armenian  king, 
received  Mithridates  in  (his)  fear 
and  flight. 

Hannibal  took  by  force  Sagun- 
tum, an  allied  city. 


The  sacred  mount  is  beyond 
the  river  Anio. 

Otho,  a  brave  man,  (and)  my 
friend,  restored  dignity  to  the 
equestrian  order. 

We  have  sent  a  consul,  a  very 
brave  man,  with  an  army. 

Philosophy,  the  mother  of  all 
the  arts,  is  the  invention  of  the 
gods. 

How  often  have  you  endeav- 
ored to  kill  me  (while)  consul  ? 

Brutus,  the  illustrious  founder 
of  your  family",  freed  (his)  coun- 
try. 

Romulus  built  the  city  (of) 
Rome. 

The  mountain  Cavennes  ob- 
structed (his)  passage  with  a  very 
deep  snow. 

Let  us  consider  nothing  evil% 
which  is  appointed  either  by  the 
immortal  gods,  or  by  nature,  the 
parent  of  all. 

I  am  very  intimate  with  Fabi- 
us,  a  most  excellent  and  learned 
man. 


Mithridates  in  timor  ac 
fuga  Tigranes,  rex  Ar- 
menius,  excipio. 

Hannibal  Saguntum, 
fozderatus  civitas,  vis  ex- 
pugno. 

Mons  sacer  trans  Anio 
amnis  sum. 

Otho,  vir  fortis,  meus 
necessarius,  equestris  or- 
do  restituo  dignitas. 

Consul  mitto,  vir  for- 
tis cum  exercitus. 

Philo sophia,  omnis 
mater  ars,  sum  inventum 
deus. 

Quoties  tu  ego  consul 
interficio  conor  ? 

Brutus  patria  libero, 
prseclarus  auctor  nobili- 
tas  tuus. 

Romulus  condo  urbs 
Roma. 

Mons  Cabenna  altus 
nix  iter  impedio6. 

Nihil  in  malum,  du- 
cod,  qui  vel  a  deus  im- 
mortalis,  vel  a  natura, 
parens  omnis,  constituo. 

Fabius,  vir  bonus  et 
homo  doctus,  familiariter 
utor. 


§204. 


APPOSITION. 


35 


I  heard  this  from  P.  Vedius,  a 
great  knave,  but  yet  an  intimate 
friend  of  Pompey. 

I  cannot  blame  that  in  you, 
which  I  approved  in  myself,  both 
as  praetor  and  consul. 

I  rescued  this  city,  the  habita- 
tion of  us  all,  the  bulwark  of 
kings  and  foreign  nations,  the 
seat  of  the  empire,  by  the  punish- 
ment of  five  mad  and  abandoned 
persons. 

R.  1.  C.  Junius  (when)  dicta- 
tor, dedicated  the  temple  of 
Health,  which  he  vowed  (when) 
consul,  and  founded  (when)  cen- 
sor. 

R.  2.  Philosophy  was  the  in- 
ventress  of  laws,  (and)  the  in- 
structress in  morals  and  educa- 
tion. 

R.  3.  The  Gauls  ascended  in- 
to the  Capitol  (with)  so  much 
silence,  that  they  did  not  dis- 
turb even  the  dogs,  a  watchful 
animal  in  respect  to  nocturnal 
noises. 

R.  4.  (We,)  the  Roman  youth, 
declare  this  war  against  you. 

Let  (us)  senators  collect  to- 
morrow into  a  public  stock  all 
the  gold,  silver,  and  stamped  cop- 
per. 

R.  5.  Two  very  powerful  cit- 
ies, Carthage  andNumantia,  were 
destroyed  by  the  same  Scipio. 

R.  6.  Dicsearchus,  having  enu- 
merated other  causes,  (as)  inunda- 
tions, pestilence,  and  devastation, 
then  computes  how  many  more 
men  have  been  destroyed  by  the 
violence  of  men,  that  is,  by  wars 


Hie  ego  ex  P.  Vedius, 
magnus  nebulo,  sed  Pom- 
peiusfamilidris,  audio. 

Non  possum  is  in  tu 
reprehendo,  qui  in  ego 
ipse,  et  prcetor,  et  consul 
probo. 

Ego  urbs  hie,  sedes 
omnis  ego,  arx  rex  ac  na- 
tio  exterus,  domicilium 
imperium,  quinque  homo 
amens  ac  perdttus  pcena 
redimo. 

C.  Junius  aedis  Salus, 
qui  consul  voveo,  censor 
loco,  dictator  dedico. 


Philosophia  inventrix 
lex,  magistra  mos',  et  dis- 
cipllna  sum. 

Gallus  tantus  silentium 
in  Capitolium  evado,  ut 
ne  canis  quidern,  sollici- 
tus  animal  ad  nocturnus 
strepltus,  excito7. 

Hie  tu*  juventus  Ro- 
manus  indico  bellum. 

Aurum,  argentum,  ses 
signatus  omriis^  senator 
crastmus  dies  in  publi- 
cum  confero*. 

Duo  urbs  potens,  Car- 
thago atque  Numantia, 
ab  idem  Scipio  deleo. 

Dicaearchus,  collectus 
ceterus  causa  } ,  eluvio, 
pestilcntia,  et  vastttas, 
deinde  comparo,  quan- 
tus*  multus  deleo  homo 
homo  impetus,  is  sum, 


36 


APPOSITION. 


§204. 


or  seditions,  than  by  every  other 
calamity. 

R.  8.  There  are  two  Roscii, 
of  whom  the  surname  of  one  is 
Capito. 

Attus  Clausus,  who  afterwards 
had  the  name  of  Appius  Claudi- 
us, fled  from  Regillum  to  Rome. 

The  decemvirs  published  the 
laws,  which  have  the  names  of 
the  twelve  tables,  engraved  upon 
brass. 

R.  10.  CnaBus  and  Publius 
Scipio  seem  to  me  to  have  been 
fortunate. 

All  being  condemned,  perished, 
one  by  one  accident,  another  by 
another. 

R.  11.  Tell  me,  wife  of  Xeno- 
phon,  whether,  if  your  neighbor 
has  a  better  gold  ring  than  you 
have,  you  would  prefer  hers  or 
your  own?  —  "  Hers,"  she  replied. 
—  What  if  she  has  a  dress  or  oth- 
er female  decoration  of  greater 
value  than  you  have,  would  you 
prefer  hers  or  yours  ?  —  "  Hers," 
she  replied. 

Clitipho  has  gone.  Q,.  Alone? 
A.  Alone. 

Q.  Who  is  at  the  door  ?    A.  I. 

Q,.  Whose  (servant)  are  you? 
A.  Amphitruo's. 


bellum  aut  seditio,  quam 
omnis  reliquus  calamitas. 

Duo  sum  Roscius,  qui 
alter  Capito  cognomen 
sum. 

Attus  Clausus,  qui  pos- 
tea  Appius  Claudius  sum 
nomen,  ab  Regillum  Ro- 
ma1 transfugio. 

Decemvir  lex,  qui  tabu- 
la duodecim  sum  nomen, 
in  ses  incisus,  in  publi- 
cum  propono. 

Ego  CncBus  et  Publius 
Scipio™  fortunatus  vid- 
eo. 

Damnatus  omnis,  alius 
alius"  casus  pereo*. 

Dico  ego,  Xenophon 
uxor,  si  vicina  tuus  bonus 
habeo0  aurum,  quam  tu 
habeo,  utrum  ille,  an  tuus 
malop  ?  "  Ille,"  inquam. 
Q,uis  ?  si  vestis,  et  cete- 
rus  ornamentum  mulig- 
bris  pretium  magnus  ha- 
beo, quam  tu  habeo,  tuus- 
ne  an  ille  malo  ?  "  Ille* 
respondeo. 

Abeo9  Clitipho.  Q.So- 
lus  ?  A.  Solus. 

Q.  Quis  ad  foris1* 
sum?  A.  Ego. 

Q.  Quis  sum  ?  A. 
Amphitruo. 


0  lit.  nobility.  b  imp.  e  lit.  among  evils.  d  §  260,  R.  6.  *  gen. 
f  §  262.  s  sing.  §  224.  *  §  205,  R.  2,  Exc.  *  §  260,  R.  6.  i  §  257. 
*  256,  R.  16.  *  §  237.  m  pi.  n  §  207,  R.  32.  °  subj.  §  261,  2,  & 


R.  2. 


pres. 


176. 


§  204.  APPOSITION.  37 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Darius,  king  of  the  Persians,  made0  war  upon  the  Scythi- 
ans6. Philo,  the  headc  of  the  Academy,  fledd  from  home*  in 
the  Mithridatic  war7,  and  came  to  Rome*'.  Nero  was  com- 
mitted'1, for  the  purpose  of*  instruction ;',  to  Seneca,  even 
then  a  senator.  From  that  day  the  northk  winds  prevailed'. 
If  you  wish  to  remove771  avarice,  luxury,  its  mother,  must  be 
removed".  Solon  said  that  the  administration  of  govern- 
ment0 is  comprised^  (in)  two  thing sq ,  rewardsr  and  punish' 
mentsr.  Cato,  (when)  an  old  man,  began8  to  write  history. 
Experience1,  an  excellent"  instructor",  has  taught  me  this10. 
Nature  has  given  to  man  hands  (as)  assistants1  in  many 
artsv.  Ambassadors  from  Ptolemy  and  Cleopatra,  kings  of 
Egypt,  came  to  Rome.  What  shall  I  say  concerning  memo' 
ry,  the  storehouse31  of  all  things  ? 

0  infero.  6  §224.  c  princeps.  <*  profugio.  '  §255,  R.  1. 
/  §253.  *  §  237.  h  trado.  *  for  the  purpose  of,  in.  J  discipllna. 

*  Septenlrio.      *  sum.        m  tollo.        n  §  274,    R.  8.      °  administration 
of  government,  res  publTca.      p  contineo.      "§249, 1.    r  sing.    *  insti- 
tuo.       '  usus.       "  egregius.       *  magister.        w  §  231.       x  ministra. 
y  gen-       *  thesaurus. 

Ennius  bore0  two  burdens,  which  are  reckoned6  the  great- 
est, poverty  and  old  age.  Marius  was  influenced*"  by  cupidity 
and  anger,  very  bad  advisersd.  The  Trojans  were  wander- 
ing about6  without  fixed  habitations7,  and  with  them  the  abo- 
rigines, a  savage^  race  of  men.  The  Germans  celebrate  (in) 
songs  Tuisco  and  (his)  son  Mannus,  the  sourceh  and  founders* 
of  the  nation.  By  chance,  the  ancient  city  Clazomence  was 
near.  Q,.  Caccilius  was  questor  in  Sicily  after  /(was)  ques- 
torj.  (When)  a  young  man,  /devoted^  much  of  (my)  time1 
to  philosophy.  The  two  ordinary  consuls  of  that  year  had 
perished"1,  onen  by  the  sword,  the  other"  by  disease.  The 
vultures  seen  by  Romulus,  presaged0  that  the  city  (of)  Rome 
would  be  warlikep.  The  poet  Anacreong  is  said  to  have 
been  choked7"  by  the  stone8  of  a  raisin* :  the  senator  Fabius) 
by  a  single"  hair"  in  a  draught"  of  milk. 

a  imp.  b  puto.  c  grassor.  imp.  d  consultor.  '  to  wander  about, 
vagor.  /  without  fixed  habitations,  sedlbus  incertis.  e  agrestis. 

*  orlgo.      *  conditor.      J  lit.  after  me,  &c.      *  tribuo.      *  §  212,  R.  3. 


38  APPOSITION ADJECTIVES.  §  205. 

"  sing,  placed  at  the  end  of  the  sentence.  n  alter.  °  polliceor.  p  bel- 
latrix.  ?  §  279,  9.  r  strangulo.  *  acinus.  <  uva  passa.  "  unus. 
*  pilum.  *  haustus. 

It  is  related0  that  Pisistrdtus1 ,  the  tyrant  of  Athens', 
when  a  drunkend  guest"  had  said'  many  (things)  against  him, 
replied^,  that  he'1  was  not  more  angry*  with  him'  than  if  any 
one  had  runfc  against  him'  blindfold"*.  The  Rutuli,  a  na- 
tion", for0  that  age  and  country,  flourishing7'  in  riches5,  pos- 
sessed7" Ardea.  Drusus  is  said*  to  have  brought  back'  from 
the  province  (of)  Gaul,  the  gold  formerly  given  to  the  Serio- 
nes  at  the  siege"  of  the  Capitol  ;  and  not",  as  is  the  common 
report",  wrested*  (from  them)  by  Camillusy.  Tiberius  re- 
joiced that,  in*  the  island  (of)  Caprcce,  the  branches  of  a 
very  old""  ilex,  now  drooping66  to  the  earth"  and  sicklydrf, 
revived"  at  his'7  arrival*^.  The  sea  was  given  (as)  a  king- 
dom to  Neptune,  one'1'1  (of  the)  brothers"  of  Jupiter.  I  com- 
mend to  you"  Caius  and  Lucius  Mummiusjj.  Marius, 
(when)  seventh  time"  consul,  died  at  an  advanced  age ",  in 
his  own  housemm. 

0  memoriae  proditur.  6  §  239.  °  lit.  of  the  Jlthenians.  d  ebrius. 
'  convlva.  /  §  263,  5,  R.  2.  g  dico.  h  §  239.  *  to  be  angry,  suc- 
censeo.  J  §  223,  R.  2.  *  incurro,  §  206,  3.  '  §  208.  m  obligatis  octt- 
lis,  §  257.  n  gens.  °  ut  in.  p  proepollens.  9  §  250.  r  habeo, 
imp.  '  trado.  '  refero.  u  obsidio.  *  and  not,  nee.  "  common 
report,  farna.  *  extorqueo.  *  §  248,  I.  z  apud.  aa  vetus.  '6  de- 
missus.  cc  terra.  dd  languens.  ee  convalesce.  //  §  208.  e e  ad- 
ventus.  hh  alter.  "sing.  JJ  pi.  kk  scventhtime,  septimum.  ll  at 
an  advanced  age,  senex.  mm  §  221 , 1.  R.  3,  (1 .) 


ADJECTIVES. 

$  205.  Adjectives,  adjective  pronouns,  and  parti- 
ciples, agree  with  their  nouns  in  gender,  number,  and 
case. 

A  faithful  friend  is  known  in  Amlcus  certus  in  res 

adversity.  incertus  cerno. 

Past  time  never  returns.  Prateritus  tcmpus  nun- 

quam  revertor. 

Familiar  things  easjly  glide  Usitdtus  res  facile  e 

from  the  memory.  memoria  dilabor. 

Alexander  himself  demolished  Ipse  Alexander  Thebae 

Thebes.  diruo. 


§205. 


ADJECTIVES. 


39 


I  received  many  letters  from 
you,  all  written  with  care. 

The  best  laws,  without  any  ex- 
ception, will  be  taken  away  by 
this  law. 

Death  is  shameful  in  flight, 
glorious  in  victory. 

In  a  state,  the  rights  of  war  are 
most  carefully  to  be  observed. 

No  forgetfulness  will  ever  blot 
out  my  remembrance  of  your  fa- 
vors to  me. 

R.  1.  The  city  which  they  call 
Rome,  I  foolishly  supposed  (to 
be)  like  this  our  (city.) 

R.  2.  In  a  free  state,  the 
tongue  and  the  mind  ought  to  be 
free. 

Menelaus  and  Paris,  being 
armed,  fought  for  Helen  and  (her) 
riches. 

(1.)  Many  sons  and  daughters 
placed  Metelluson  the  funeral  pile. 

Ten  free-born  (youths,)  ten  vir- 
gins, all  having  fathers  and  moth- 
ers living,  (were)  chosen  for  the 
sacrifice. 

(2.)  Benefit  and  injury  are  con- 
trary to  each  other. 

He  made  his  intention  and  en- 
deavors clear  to  all  persons. 

(3.)  The  king  and  the  royal 
fleet  departed  at  the  same  time. 

Exc.  The  safety  of  all,  (their) 
children,  (and  their)  fortunes,  are 
very  dear  to  you. 

R.  3.  A  great  part  of  the  men 
were  either  wounded  or  killed. 

The  slaves  conspired  to  arm 
themselves  and  seize  upon  the 
citadel. 


Multus  a  tu  accipio 
epistola,  omnis  diligenter 
scriptus. 

Bonus  lex  hie  lex  sine 
ullus  exceptio  tollo. 

In  fuga  fcedus  mors 
sum,  in  victoria  gloriosus. 

In  respublica  maxime 
conservandus  sumjus  bel- 
lum. 

Meus  tuus  erga  ego 
meritum  memoria  nullus 
unquam  deleo  oblivio. 

Urbs,  qui  dico  Roma, 
puto  stultus  ego  hie  nos- 
ter  similis. 

In  civltas  liber,  lingua 
mensque  liber  sum  debeo. 

Menelaus  et  Paris  ar- 
mdtus  pugno  propter  He- 
lena et  divitise. 

Metellus  multus  Jilius 
Gijilia  in  rogus  impono. 

Decem  ingenuus,  de- 
cem  virgo,  palrlmus  om- 
nis, matrimusque,  ad  sac- 
rificium  delectus. 

Inter  sui  contrarius 
sum  beneficium  et  injuria. 

Perspicuus  suus  con- 
silium,  conatusque  omnis 
facio. 

Rex  regiusque  classis 
una  profectus  sum. 

Tu  omnis  salus,  liberi, 
fortuna,  suma  earns. 

Magnus  pars  homo  vul- 
nerdtus  aut  occlsus  sum. 

Servitium  conjuro,  ut 
arx  armdtus  occupo6. 


40 


ADJECTIVES. 


§205. 


Three  thousand  two  hundred 
of  the  Samnites  were  slain. 
Lofty  Ilium  was  consumed. 

Pergamus  was  destroyed  by  the 
sword. 

R.  7.  (1.)  A  clear  spring  re- 
flects the  image  of  (a  person) 
looking  into  it. 

The  avaricious  (man)  will  never 
be  satisfied. 

The  chaste  blush  even  to  speak 
of  chastity. 

Old  (men)  are  least  subject  to 
contagious  diseases. 

(2.)  I  see  and  approve  the  bet- 
ter, I  pursue  the  worse. 

Gnats  seek  for  acid  (things) 
(but)  do  not  fly  to  sweet  (things.) 

He  who  has  lost  (his)  credit, 
has  lost  every  (thing.) 

(3.)  Postumius,  an  enemy  of  his 
father,  (and)  an  old  neighbor  and 
acquaintance,  accuses  Murena. 

R.  8.  To  advance  was  difficult, 
to  retreat  hazardous. 

R.  9.  What  is  the  matter  ? 

Fear  has  more  celerity  than 
anger. 

R.  10.  It  (is)  astonishing  how 
much  that  availed  to  the  harmony 
of  the  state. 

R.  11.  No  artist  can  by  imita- 
tion attain  to  the  skill  of  nature. 

R.  12.  Varro  was  the  most 
learned  of  the  Romans. 

Plato  (was)  decidedly  the  most 
learned  of  all  Greece. 

R.  13.  I  am  not  surprised  that 
Vatinius  should  despise  rny  law, 
an  enemy. 


Samnis  ccesus  s>um  tres 
mille  ducenti. 

Altusc  crematusc  sum 
Ilion. 

Excisus6  sum  Perga- 
mum  ferrum. 

Fons  perlucidus  imago 
intuens  red  do. 

Avdrus  nunquam  sum 
contentus. 

Erubesco  pudicus  eti- 
am  loquor  de  pudicitia. 

Senex  minlme  sentio 
morbus  contagiosus. 

Video  bonus*  probo- 
que,  deteriord  sequor. 

Culex  acidus  peto ;  ad 
dulcis  non  advolo. 

Omnisd  perdo,  qui 
fides  perdo. 

Murena  accuse  pater- 
nus  inimicus,  Postumius, 
vetus  viclnus  ac  necessa- 
rius. 

Progredior  arduus  sum, 
regredior  pcriculosus. 

Quis  negotium  sum  1 

Multus  timor  quam  ira 
celeritas  habeo. 

Is  mirus  quantus  pro- 
sum  ad  concordia  civitas. 

Natura  sollertia  nemo 
opifex  consequor  possum 
imitor*. 

Varro  sum  doctus  Ro- 
manus. 

Plato  totus  Graecia  fa- 
cile doctus. 

Non  admirorVatinius/ 
quod  meus  lex  contemno, 
homo  inimicus. 


§205. 


ADJECTIVES. 


41 


I  witnessed  your  devotedness 
(when)  a  youth. 

I  will  be  satisfied  with  our  own 
friendship. 

R.  14.  Add  to  this  the  cool,  un- 
failing flow  of  fountains. 

R.  15.  Servilius  Rullus  first 
served  up  an  entire  wild  boar  at 
a  feast. 

That  part  of  the  Helvetian 
state,  which  had  inflicted  a  re- 
markable calamity  on  the  Roman 
people,  first  suffered  punishment. 

L.  Philippus  approached  near- 
est to  the  two  most  illustrious 
orators,  Crassus  and  Antony. 

Spain  was  subdued  last  of  all 
the  provinces. 

R.  17.  At  break  of  day  the  top 
of  the  mountain  was  occupied  by 
Labienus. 

I  have  long  been  desirous  of 
visiting  Alexandria  and  other 
parts  of  Egypt. 

Through  the  midst  of  the  city 
flows  the  river  Marsyas,  celebra- 
ted in  the  fabulous  songs  of  the 
Greeks. 

R.  18.  After  (they)  entered  the 
Roman  territory,  the  consuls  ad- 
vance to  meet  the  enemy. 

(They)  separated  with  minds 
mutually  irritated. 


Studium  tuust  adoles- 
cens,  perspicio. 

Contentus  sum  nosier 
ipse  amicitia. 

Addo  hue  foris  gelidus 
perenmtas. 

Solidus  aper  primus 
in  epula3  appono  Servilius 
Rullus. 

Q,ui  pars  civitas  Hel- 
vetius  insignis  calamitas 
popiilus  Romanus  infero, 
isprinceps  po3na  persolvo. 

Duo  superus  orator, 
Crassus  et  Antonius,  L. 
Philippusjpropzor  accedo. 

Hispaniapostferws  om- 
nis  provincia  perdomo. 

Primus  lux  superus 
mons  a  Labienus  teneoff. 

Jam  pridern  cupio fc 
Alexandria,  reliquusque 
JSgyptus  viso. 

Urbs  medius  inter fluo 
Marsyas  amnis,  fabulosus 
Grsecus  carmen  inclytus. 

Post qu  am  in  ager  Ro- 
manus venio*,  obviamhos- 
tis-7  consul  eo. 

Irritatus  utrinque  ani- 
mus discedo*. 


a  sing,       b  lit.  that  being  armed  they  would  seize. 

•  §  275,  111.  R.  4.     /  §  229.     *  §  145,  II.      A  §  U5) 

*  §  228. 


c  fern.       d  pi. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  drones*  are  without  a  sting6,  as  it  were"  imperfect 
bees,  andrf  the  slaves'  of  the  true  bees.  The  auxiliaries'  of 
the  king,  embarrassed  and  confused5 ',  because'1  they  had 


42  ADJECTIVES.  §  205 

marched1  in  no  order,  betake'  themselves  to  flight.  Cattle*, 
(when)  dispersed1,  follow  the  herds  of  their  own  species"*. 
Jugurtha,  by  secret"  paths",  gets  the  startp  of  the  army  of 
Metellus.  The  ears  have  properly7  been  placed7"  in  the 
higher"  parts  of  the  body',  since  they  ought"  to  receive* 
sound,  which  naturally™  ascends*.  A  hundred  brazen  barsy 
close  the  gates  of  war.  Dionysius  used*  to  harangue00  from 
a  lofty  tower.  In  the  Alps  whitebb  hares  (are  found, )cc  for 
whichrfd,  during  the  winter",  the  ancients^  believed  that 
snow  served**  for  food'1'1.  Verres  placed  tents,  composed" 
of  curtains  of  fine  linen  jj ,  near**  the  very  mouth11  of  the 
harbor. 

*  fucus.      b  aculeus.      c  velut.      d  et  quasi.      *  servus.     /  auxilium. 

*  impediu  ac  perturbo.      h  quod.      *  to  march,  iter  facio.      i  conjicio. 

*  pecus,  udis.      l  dispello.      m  genus.      n  occultus.      °  iter.      p  to  get 
the  start,  antevenio.      *  rede.      r  collSco,  §  280, 1.      *  altus,  pos.     '  pi. 
M  debeo,  §  263,  5.      *  percipio.      w  §  247.      *  to  ascend,  sublime  feror, 
§266,1.      y  vectis.      *  soleo.     ao  concionor.      bb  candidus.      ce  §  209, 
R.  4.     dd  §  223.     ee  hibernis  menslbus,  §  253.     //antiquus.     *B  §  227, 
R.  3.      hh  pro  cibatu.      '*  intentus.      JJ  curtains  of  fine  linen,  carbaseus 
velum.      kk  propter.      ll  introitus. 

Caesar  erected*,  on  the  extremity*  of  the  bridge,  a  tower* 
of  four  stories*,  and  gave  the  command*  of  that  place f  to 
T.  Volcatius8".  Virgil  invokes  Ceres  and  Liber,  because* 
their  productions1  are  most  necessary j  for*  the  service'  of 
men.  Neither"1  meat,  drink11,  wakcfulness0 ,  nor  sleep,  are 
salutary*  for  us7,  without  a  certain1'  limitation8.  The  wall 
and  the  gate  had  been  struck1  by  lightning".  Neither  could 
Pompey  bear*  an  equal,  nor  Caesar  a  superior.  Nightingales 
lay10,  in  the  beginning1  of  spring,  at  the  mosty,  six  eggs. 
The  Eunuch  was  acted"  twice  in  a  day.  Sergestus  is  carried 
in  the  greatz  Centaur.  Let  an  indulgent40  friend,  as  is 
just66,  set  off cc  my  good  (qualities)  against  my  faults".  The 
age  in  which6"  Pericles  lived  frstff  produced**  at  Athens** 
an  almost1'*  perfect  orator. 

0  constituo.  b  §  205,  R.  17.  c  §  79,  3.  d  tabulatum.  '  to  give 
the  command,  prseficio.  /  §  224.  *  §  229.  h  quod.  *  fructus.  i  §  126, 
5,  (a.)  &  127.  *  ad.  *  utilllas.  m  non  before  each  nominative. 
n  humor.  °  vigilia.  r  saluber.  ?  §  222.  r  quidam.  *  mensura. 
f  tango.  u  de  coslo.  *  fero,  ind.  imp.  w  pario.  x  primus.  y  at 
the  most,  citm  plurtmum.  *  fern.  °°  dulcis.  bb  sequum.  cc  com 
penso.  «R.7,(2.)  "§253.  // §  205,  R.  17.  **  fero.  ™  §  254. 
**  prope. 


§  206.  RELATIVES.  43 

I  begin"  to  seek6  not  only  gratification0,  but  also  glory, 
from  this  pursuit^  since8  it  has  been  approved  by  your  judg- 
ment, a  most  grave  and  learned*  man5 .  The  Samnites  said 
that  they*  had  tried4  all'  (methods,  to  ascertain)  if  they 
could  support*,  by  their1  own™  strength",  so  great  a  weight" 
of  war.  Mithridates  saidp  that  heft  had  taken9  Cappadocia 
by  his  own™  powerr  alone" ',  without  the  assistance'  of  anyu 
of  the  soldiers.  Do  you  not  think"  that  my  prayers'1,  (when) 
present",  would  have  benefited*  himy,  to  whom  my  name, 
(when)  absent10,  had  been  an  honor*?  (Their)  swiftness 
and  the  country**  (being)  unknown66  to  the  enemy,  de- 
fended™ most"  (of  them.)  A  free  state"  and  a  monarch 
are  naturally77  hostile**  to  each  other7''1.  Do  you  fear" 
lest  your  house,  (the  house)  of  so  distinguished^-7  a  man  and 
citizen,  should  be  deserted"  ? 

0  incipio.  *  peto.  e  oblectatio.  d  studium.  *  postquam.  /eru- 
ditus.  B  R.  13,  second  paragraph.  h  §  239.  '  experior,  §  272. 
I  R.  7,  (2.)  *  tolero.  l  suusmet.  m  ipse,  gen.,  R.  13.  n pi.  °  moles. 
p  §  280,  1.  2  capio,  §272.  r  opera.  *  unus,  R.  13.  *  auxilium. 
"  quisquam.  °  puto.  "  R.  13.  *  prosum,  §  268,  R.  5.  "  §  223. 
*  §  227.  °°  regio.  66  ignarus.  cc  tutor,  R.  2,  (2.)  dd  plerusque. 
**  civltas.  ff  §  247.  eg  inimlcus.  hh  to  each  other,  inter  se.  **  ve- 
reor.  JJ  so  distinguished,  tails.  **  §  262. 

RELATIVES. 

§  206.  Relatives  agree  with  their  antecedents  in 
gender  and  number,  but  their  case  depends  on  the  con- 
struction of  the  clause  to  which  they  belong. 

The  hour  which  has  passed  Hora,  qui  praetereo, 

cannot  return.  non  redeo  possum. 

Bring  thou  flowers  which  the  Afferoa  flos  qui  amo 

bee  loves.  apis. 

Caesar,  for  the  reasons  which  I  Caesar,  hie  de  causa 

have  mentioned,  determined  to  qui  commemoro,  Rhenus 

cross  the  Rhine.  transeo  decerno. 

He  is  rich,  whose  mind  is  tran-  Dives  sum,  qui  animus 

quil.  tranquillus  sum. 

The  foundation  of  permanent  Fundamentum  perpetu- 
fame  is  justice,  without  which  us  fama  sum  justitia,  si- 
there  can  be  nothing  praise-  ne  qui  nihil  possum  sura 
worthy.  laudabilis. 


44 


RELATIVES. 


$206. 


The  husbandman  plants  trees, 
whose  fruit  he  himself  will  never 
see. 

How  can  it  be  imagined  that 
there  is  any  animal  which  hates 
itself? 

Who  has  been  found,  that 
blamed  my  consulship,  except 
Clodius  ? 

All  (persons)  by  nature  follow 
those  (things)  which  seem  good, 
and  avoid  the  contrary. 

Dicaearchus  has  written  three 
books,  which  are  called  Lesbi- 
acs. 

There  is  no  nation  which  we 
can  fear. 

The  Egyptians  consecrated  no 
animal,  but  for  some  advantage 
which  they  received  from  it. 

We  are  not  those  to  whom 
nothing  appears  to  be  true. 

I  will  explain  those  things 
which  you  desire,  as  well  as  I  can. 

I  expect,  with  the  utmost  so- 
licitude, the  arrival  of  Menander, 
whom  I  sent  to  you. 

Why  am  I  compelled  to  cen- 
sure the  senate,  whom  I  have  al- 
ways commended  ? 

All  the  reasons  which  you 
mention  are  very  just. 

The  consuls  came  to  that  army 
which  I  had  in  Apulia. 

(1.)  The  Helvetians  appoint  a 
day,  on  which  day  all  should  as- 
semble upon  the  bank  of  the 
Rhone. 

Csesar  knew  that  the  day  was 
near,  on  which  day  it  was  neces- 
sary that  corn  should  be  distrib- 
uted to  the  soldiers. 


Arbos  sero  agiicola, 
qui  adspicio  fructus  ipse 
nunquam. 

dui  possum  coglto 
sum  aliquis6  animal,  qui 
sui  odic. 

Quis  meus  consulatus, 
prseter  Clodius,  qui  vitu- 
perod,  invenio. 

Omnis  natura  is  se- 
quor,  qui  videor  bonus, 
fugioque  contrarius. 

Dicaearchus  tres  liber 
scribo,  qui  Lesbiacus  vo- 
co. 

Null  us  sum  natio,  qui 
pertimesco'*. 

^Egyptius  nullus  bel- 
lua,  nisi  ob  aliquis  utili- 
tas,  qui  ex  is  capio",  con- 
secro. 

Non  sum  is,  qui  nil 
verus  sum  videor7. 

Is, qui  volo,utpossum% 
explico. 

Adventus  expecto71  Me- 
nander, qui  ad  tu  supe- 
rus  cura  mitto. 

Cur  sendtus  cogo,  qui 
laudo  semper,  reprehen- 
do? 

Omnis  causa,  qui  com- 
memoro,  Justus  sum. 

Consul  ad  is  exercitus, 
qui  in  Apulia  habeo, 
venio. 

Helvetius  dies  dico, 
qui  dies  ad  ripa  Rhoda- 
nus  omnis  convenio*. 

Caesar  intelligo  dies 
insto^,  qui  dies  frumen- 
tum  miles  metior  opor- 
tetc. 


§206. 


RELATIVES. 


45 


(2.)  I,  who  console  you,  cannot 
(console)  myself. 

For  the  most  part,  men  will- 
ingly believe  that  which  they  de- 
sire. 

(3.)  The  desires  which  arise 
from  nature  are  easily  satisfied 
without  any  harm. 

Ambigatus,  desiring  to  relieve 
his  kingdom  from  a  burdensome 
population,  declared  that  he 
would  send  his  sons  to  the  set- 
tlements which  the  gods  should 
point  out  by  auguries. 

I  trust,  such  are  your  prudence 
and  temperance,  that  you  are  in 
good  health. 

(I)  who,  such  is  my  inatten- 
tion, often  did  not  come  near  you 
for  many  days,  while  you  were 
here,  am  now  daily  distressed  be- 
cause I  cannot  run  to  you. 

(a.)  Most  persons  require  those 
(things)  from  friends,  which  they 
do  not  themselves  give. 

He  who  does  not  fear  death, 
procures  for  himself  a  great  se- 
curity to  a  happy  life. 

(b.)  I  have  the  letters  which 
you  sent  to  Nero. 

(4.)  (Those)  who  seem  to  be 
doing  nothing,  are  often  doing 
greater  (things)  than  others. 

(He)  who  wishes  the  kernel 
to  be  (extracted)  from  the  nut, 
cracks  the  nut. 

(5.)  The  grove  of  Hammon  has 
a  fountain  (which)  they  call  the 
water  of  the  sun  ;  it  flows  luke- 
warm at  day-break,  and  cold  at 
mid-day,  when  the  heat  is  most 
intense,. 


Ego,  qui  tu  confirmo, 
ipsefc  ego  non  possum. 

Fere  libenter  homo  ist 
qui  volo,  credo. 

Qui  cupiditas  a  natura 
proficiscor  facile  expleo 
sine  ullus  injuria. 

Ambigatus,  exonero 
prsegravans  turba*  reg- 
num  cupiens,  filius  mit- 
to  sui  in  qui  Deus  doc, 
augurium  sedes  ostendo. 

Spero,  qui  tuus  pru- 
dentia  et  temperantia 
sum,  tu  valeo". 

Qui,  qui  meus  negli- 
gentia  sum,  multus  saepe 
dies  ad  tu,  cum  hie  sum, 
non  accedo,  nunc  quo- 
tidie,  non  sum  tu,  ad  qui 
cursito6,  discrucior. 

Plerusque,  qui  ipse  non 
tribuo  amicus,  hie  ab  is 
desidero. 

Qui  mors  non  timeo, 
magnus  is  sui  presidium 
ad  beatus  vita  compare. 

Habeo  qui  ad  Nero 
litercE  mitto. 

Qui  nihil  ago  videor, 
saepe  magnus  ago  quam 
alius. 

Qui  e  nux  nucleus 
sum  volo,  frango  nux. 

Hammon  nemus  fons 
habeo  ;  aqua  sol  voco  ; 
sub  lux  ortus"  tepidus 
mano,  medius  dies  quum 
vehemens  sum  color, 
frigidus  fluo. 


46 


RELATIVES. 


(6.)  (a.)  At  this  age,  which  we 
have  mentioned,  Hannibal  went 
with  his  father  into  Spain. 

The  people  whom  you  know 
being  judges. 

(6.)  1  opened  the  folds  of  the 
door  in  the  narrow  passage. 

(7.)  The  Volscians,  being  beat- 
en in  a  pitched  battle,  lost  Vol- 
scae,  the  best  city  which  they  had. 

Agamemnon,  when  he  had  de- 
voted to  Diana  the  most  beautiful 
thing  which  had  been  born  in  his 
kingdom  in  that  year,  sacrificed 
Iphigenia. 

P.  Volumnius  placed  in  the  list 
of  proscribed  persons  L.  Julius 
Calidus,  the  most  elegant  poet 
whom  our  age  has  produced  since 
the  death  of  Lucretius  and  Catul- 
lus. 

(8.)  Pausanias  was  unwilling 
to  return  to  Sparta,  and  betook 
himself  to  Colonae,  which  place  is 
in  the  Troad. 

(9.)  The  Helvetians  are  bound- 
ed on  one  side  by  the  river 
Rhine,  which  separates  the  Hel- 
vetian territory  from  the  Germans. 

Caesar  determined  to  advance 
to  the  Scheldt,  which  flows  into 
the  Meuse. 

(10.)  The  winds  had  carried  me 
from  Sicily  to  Leucopetra,  which 
is  a  promontory  of  the  Rhegian 
territory. 

There  is  a  river  in  Britain, 
which  is  called  the  Thames. 

Caesar  came  to  Gomphi,  which 
is  a  town  of  Thessaly. 

(11.)  A  few  conspired  against 


Hicp,  qui  dico,  tetas 
Hannibal  cum  pater  in 
Hispania  proficiscor. 

Judexq,  qui  noscor 
populus*. 

Ostium  qui  in  angipor- 
tus  sum  patefacio  foris. 

Volsci,  acies  victus, 
Volscae,  civltas,  qui  ha- 
beo  bonus,  perdo. 

Agamemnon, quurn  de- 
voveo'  Diana  qui  in  su- 
us  regnum  pulcher  nas- 
cor  ille  annusp,  immolo 
Iphigenia. 

P.  Volumnius  L.  Julius 
Calidus,  qui  post  Lucre- 
tius Catull  usque  mors 
multo  elegans  poeta 
noster  33tas  fero,  in  pro- 
scriptus  numerus  refero. 

Pausanias  Sparta  redeo 
nolo,  et  Colona,  qui  locus 
in  ager  Troas"  sum,  se 
confero. 

Helvetius  contineo  u- 
nus  ex  pars  Jlumcn  Rhe- 
nus,  quiv  ager  Helvetius  a 
Germanus  divido. 

Caesar  adjlumen  Seal- 
dis,  quiw  influo  in  Mosa, 
eo  constituo. 

Ex  Sicilia  ego  ad  Leu- 
covjkra,  quiw  sum  prom- 
ontorium  ager  Rhegmus 
ventus  defero. 

F lumen  sum  in  Britan- 
nia, qui"  appello  Tame- 
sis. 

Caesar  Gomphi  perve- 
nio,  qui1"  sum  oppidum 
Thessalia. 

Conjuro  paucus  contra 


§206. 


RELATIVES. 


47 


the  republic,  concerning  which 
(conspiracy)  I  will  speak  as  truly 
as  possible. 

(12.)  You  are  not  reading  my 
words,  who  have  been  banished 
to  the  Ister. 

(13.)  The  Lacedaemonians 
killed  their  king,  Agis,  (a  crime) 
which  never  before  had  happened 
among  them. 

(14.)  In  regard  to  what  you 
write,  that  you  wish  to  know 
what  is  the  state  of  the  republic  ; 
there  is  very  great  discord. 

(15.)  The  ambassador  of  king 
Attalus  demanded,  that  the  ships 
and  captives,  which  had  been  tak- 
en in  the  naval  battle  at  Chios, 
should  be  restored. 

(16.)  This  I  will  very  briefly 
say,  that  no  one  was  ever  so 
shameless,  as  silently  to  wish  from 
the  immortal  gods  so  many  and 
so  great  things  as  they  have  be- 
stowed upon  Cn.  Pompey. 


(17.)  Hannibal  had  not  expect- 
ed that  so  many  nations  in  Italy 
would  revolt  to  him,  as  revolted 
after  the  defeat  at  Cannae. 

The  other  citizens  in  a  state 
are  wont  to  be  such  as  are  the 
leaders. 

Be  such,  as  you  would  wish  to 
be  considered. 


respublica,  de  qui  quam 
vere*  possum  dico. 

Nee  metis  verbum  lego, 
qui  submoveo  ad  Ister. 

Agis  rex,  Lacedaemo- 
nius,  qui  nunquam  antea 
apud  is  accido,  neco. 

Qui  scribo  tu  volo  scio, 
qui  sumy  respublica  sta- 
tus ;  summus  dissensio 
sum. 

Attalus  rex  legatus 
postulo,  navism  captivus- 
que,  quiw  ad  Chius  na- 
valis  pro3lium  capio,  re- 
stituo. 

Hie  brevlter  dico,  ne- 
mo"1 unquam  tarn  impii- 
dens  sum,  qui  a  deus  im- 
mortalis  tot  et  tantus  res 
tacitus  audeo*  opto,  quot 
et  quantus  deus  immorta- 
lis  ad  Cn.  Pompeius  def- 
ero. 

Non  spero  Hannibal 
fore"0  at  tot  in  Italia  pop- 
tilus  ad  sui  deficio,  quot 
deficio  post  Cannensis 
clades. 

Quails  in  respublica 
princeps  sum,  tolls  reli- 
quus  soleo  sum  civis. 

Qualis  habeo  volo,  ta- 
ils sum. 


a  8  162,  4.       *  §  138,  2,  4th  paragraph.       e  §  266,  1.      *  §  264,   7. 

*  §  264,  12.    /  §  2U4,1.  *fut.    h  §  145,   II.  3.       «  §  264,  5.       J  §  272. 

*  §  207,  R.  28.        '  §  251.       m  §  239.       n  §  272.        °  ace.        p  §  253. 
«  sing.      r  §  183,  3,  N.  &  §  162,  7.      '  §  257,  R.  7.      *  §  263,  5,  R.  2. 
"  §  204.       •  masc.        w  ncut.        *  §  127,   4th     paragraph.        y  §  265. 

*  §  264.      aa  fore,  &c. :    lit.  that  it  would  come  to  pass  that,  &c.  §  268, 
R.  4. 


48  RELATIVES.  $  206. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  Delphic  tablet",  which  is  now6  in  the  Palatium,  will 
serve0  as  a  proof'  that  the  old  Greek  letters'  were  almost  the 
same  asf  the  Latin  now  are.  No  animal,  which  has  blood, 
can  be  without  a  heart.  Sardanapalus  was  born  in  the 
thirty-third  degree*"  from  Ninus  and  Semiramis,  who  founded 
Babylon.  Timoleon,  whichh  is  thought1  a  more  difficult 
(thing,)  bore  prosperous-'  more  wisely  than  adverse  fortune. 
Socrates  appears*  to  me,  ash  is  agreed1  among  all,  to  have 
first771  called  off"  philosophy  from  hidden0  things.  (He) 
takes  awayp  the  greatest  ornament  of  friendship,  who  takes 
from  it  (mutual)  respect7.  The  earth  never  disobeys7"  com- 
mand*, nor  ever  restores  without  usury  what  she  has  re- 
ceived*. 

0  tabula.  6  hodie.  «  §  227,  R.  3.  *  indicium,  §  227,  R.  2.  '  §  239. 
/  qui,  §  207,  R.  27,  3d  paragraph.  e  locus.  *  id  quod,  (13.)  *  puto. 
J  secundus.  k  videor.  l  constat.  m  primus,  §  205,  R.  15.  n  avo- 
co,  §  242,  R.  1.  °  occultus.  p  tollo.  ?  verecundia.  r  recQso. 
*  imperium.  '  accipio. 

The  horses,  which*  were  drawing  Darius,  pierced6  with 
spears,  and  maddenedc  with  paind,  had  begun"  to  shake  off/ 
the  yoke,  and  dash*"  the  king  from  the  chariot'1.  The  mem- 
ory of  Hortensius  was  so  great'  that,  without  (any  thing) 
written  •>,  he  would  repeat*  those  (things)  which1  he  had  med- 
itated"1 with  himself,  in  the  same  words  in  which  he  had 
thought"  (them.)  Those,  whose1  fathers  or  ancestors0  have 
been  distinguished*1  by  some  (species  of)  renown9,  generally*" 
study  to  excel  in  the  same  kind  of  glory*.  Let  every  one 
exercise'  himself  in  the  art  which1  he  understands".  Brute 
animals"  do  not  move""  themselves  from  that  place  in 
which1  they  were  born.  Hannibal  was  doubtful*  whether* 
he  should  pursue  (his)  march*  into  Italy,  or  engage"*  with 
Romancc  army  which  should  offerrf(*  itself. 


a  (3.)  6  confodio.  c  efferatus.  d  dolor.  e  coepi.  /  quatio. 
*  excutio.  h  §  242.  *  tantus.  J  scriptum.  *  reddo.  *  (3.)  (a.) 
**  com  mentor.  n  cogito,  §  266,  1.  °  majdres.  p  praesto.  8  gloria. 
r  plerumque.  *  laus.  *  §  260,  R.  6.  "  nosco.  *  brute  animals, 
bestia.  w  commoveo.  *  incertus.  y  utrum.  z  to  pursue  a  march, 
intendo  coaptum  iter,  §  265.  °°  consero  manus.  bb  §  206,  (7.)  lit 
with  that  army  which  should  first,  &c.  cc  gen.  pi.  dd  §  266,  R.  4 


§  207.  DEMONSTRATIVES.  49 

Thrasybulus,  when  he  had  fled"  to  Phyleb,  which  is  a  very 
strongly  fortified6  fortress01  in  Attica,  had  not  more  than 
thirty  of  his  (men)  with  him.  Mankind8  have  fenced7  with 
walls^  their  united'1  dwelling-places*,  which  J  we  call*  cities. 
Do  you  think'  that  those"1  who  are  said  to  divine,  can  an- 
swer" whether0  the  sun  isp  larger  than7  the  earth,  or  as  large 
asr  (it)  seems  (to  be?)  What  (can  be)  more  miserable  than 
this",  that  hem  who  has  been*  consul-elect1  as  many"  years 
asr  he  has"  (lived,)  cannot  be  chosen"*  consul  ?  It  is  (a  say- 
ing) of  the  Stoics1,  that  no  ball"1  is  in  all  respectsy  such  as 
another  ball  is?. 

a  confugio,  §  263,5,  R.  2.  b  §  44  &  §  237.  c  mumtus,  sup.  d  cas- 
tellurn.  *  homo,  pi.  f  sepio.  e  moenia.  A  conjungo.  *  n  dioe,lling- 
place,  domicilium.  i  (8.)  k  dico.  l  censeo.  m  §  239.  n  §  272. 
0  whether,  ne,  joined  to  the  adjective.  p  §  2(35.  »  §  256,  R.  3.  r  §  206, 
(16.)  '§256.  *  elect,  designatus.  "tot.  *  habeo.  *  fio.  *  §  211, 
((i.)  y  res,  §  250.  *  §  266, 1. 

As  many'  kinds5  of  orators  are  found',  asd  we  have  said 
that  there  are*  of  oratory  f .  There  is,  at  Syracuse,5"  a  prison, 
made  by  that  most  cruel  tyrant'',  Dionysius,  which1  is  called 
the  stone-quarries J.  When  the  Carthaginians  had  heard* 
that  Attalus  and  the  Romans  had  departed*  from  Oreum, 
they  feared"1  lest  they  should  be  surprised"  within  Rhium, 
that1  is,  the  strait"  of  the  Corinthian  gulf.  Pliny  affirms 
that  thisp  is  even'  the  fairest7"  part  of  philosophy,  to  conduct' 
public  business.  Equestrian  games  having  been  feigned', 
the  virgins,  who  had  come  to  the  show",  became"  a  prey,  and 
thisp  (was)  immediately  a  cause  of  war. 

a  tottdem.  b  genus.  '  reperio.  d  quot.  *  §  272.  /  oratio. 
'§254.  h  §248,1.  *  (8.)  J  Lautumiae.  *  §  263, 5.  '  proficis- 
cor,  §  272  &  270,  R.  3.  m  vereor.  n  opprimo.  °  fauces,  f  (13,) 
last  paragraph.  q  etiam.  r  pulcher.  *  ago.  '  simulo.  °  spec- 
taculura.  *  sum. 


DEMONSTRATIVES. 

^207. 

R.  20.  We  are  speaking  of  Loquor  de  is  amicus, 

such  friends  as  are  known  in  qui  nosco  vita  communis ; 

common  life"  ;  from  this  number  ex  hie  numerus  ego6  ex- 

our  examples  must  be  taken.  emplum  sumo. 

Darius  left,  as  defenders  of  this  Darius  is  pons,  dum 
5 


50 


DEMONSTRATIVES. 


§207. 


bridge  in  his  absence,  the  princes 
whom  he  had  brought  with  him 
from  Ionia  and  ^Eolis.  In  this 
number  was  Miltiades. 

The  Volsci  had  prepared  aux- 
iliaries to  send  to  the  Latins.  In- 
censed at  this,  the  consuls  led 
(their)  legions  into  the  Volscian 
territory. 

Cassivellaunus  sent  forth  his 
charioteers  from  the  woods,  and 
engaged  with  these,  to  the  great 
hazard  of  our  cavalry ;  and  by 
this  fear  prevented  (them)  from 
making  wider  incursions. 

R.  21.  The  peevishness  of  old 
men  has  some  excuse,  not,  indeed, 
sufficient,  but  such  as  seems  capa- 
ble of  being  admitted. 

Your  grief  (is)  indeed  natural, 
but  (it)  ought  to  be  greatly  mod- 
erated. 

R.  22.  I  do  not  like  it,  that  I 
have  hitherto  (received)  no  letter 
from  you  respecting  these  things. 

R.  23.  Q,.  Catulus  was  learned, 
not  according  to  the  ancient,  but 
according  to  our  manner. 

The  Capitol  was  built  of  hewn 
stone ;  a  work  to  be  admired 
even  in  the  present  magnificence 
of  the  city. 

Julius  Tutor  and  Julius  Sabi- 
nus  took  part  (in  the  conspira- 
cy ;)  the  former  a  Trevirian,  the 
latter  a  Lingonian. 

Neither  Thracian  Orpheus,  nor 
Linus,  shall  excel  me  in  song,  al- 
though (his)  mother  should  aid 
the  former,  and  (his)  father  the 
latter;  Calliopea  Orpheus,  and 
Linus  the  beautiful  Apollo. 


ipse  absume,  custos  relin- 
quo  princeps,  qui  sulcum 
ex  Ionia  et  JEolis  duco. 
In  hie  sum  numerus  Mil- 
tiades. 

Volsci  compa.ro  auxil- 
ium,  qui  mittod  Latlnus. 
Hie  irae ,  consul  in  Vol- 
scus  ager  legio  duco. 

Cassivellaunus  esseda- 
rius  ex  silva  emitto7,  et 
magnus  cum  periculum 
noster  eques^  cum  is  con- 
fligo7;  atque  hie  mctus 
late  vagor  prohibeo7. 

Morositas  senex  habeo 
aliquis*  excusatio1,  non 
ille  quidem  Justus,  sed 
qui  probo  possum  videor*. 

Tuus  dolor  humanus 
is  quidem,  sed  magnope- 
re  moderandus. 

Ille  moleste  fero,  nihil 
ego  adhuc  hie  de  res  habeo 
tuus  liter  cck. 

Q,.  Catulus  non  anti- 
quus  ille  mos',  sed  hie 
noster  sum  erudltus. 

Capitolium  saxum"1 
quadratus  substruo ;  opus 
vel  in  hie  magnificentia 
urbs  conspiciendus. 

Misceo  sui  Julius  Tu- 
tor et  Julius  Sabmus; 
hie  Trevir,  hie  Lingon. 

Non  ego  carmen71  vin- 
co  nee  Thracius  Orphe- 
us, nee  Linus  ;  hic°  mater 
quamvis,  atque  hie  pater 
adsum ;  Orpheus  Calli- 
opea, Linus  formosua 
Apollo. 


$207. 


DEMONSTRATIVES. 


51 


R.  24.  The  Sidonian  Antipa- 
ter  was  wont  to  utter  hexameter 
verses  without  premeditation. 

The  celebrated  Medea  is  said 
to  have  formerly  fled  from  the 
same  Pontus. 

Did  you  prefer  that  insignifi- 
cant person  to  all  of  us,  and  to 
Plato  himself? 

R.  27.  The  most  remote  region 
of  heaven  (still)  remains,  which 
is  also  called  the  ether. 

Whatever  is  right,  is  also  use- 
ful. 

Nothing  is  generous  which  (is) 
not  also  just. 

What  (is  there)  excellent, 
(which  is)  not  also  difficult  1 

The  rule  of  utility  is  the  same 
as  that  of  virtue. 

As  consul,  you  have  shown 
yourself  the  same  that  you  had 
always  been. 

The  servants  were  of  the  same 
character  as  (their)  master. 

How  feeble  are  the  sayings  of 
the  rhetoricians  concerning  the 
power  of  virtue !  Even  those 
who  assent  to  them,  go  away  the 
same  as  they  had  come. 

Virtue  is  the  same  in  man  as 
in  God. 

The  Academicians  and  Peripa- 
tetics were  once  the  same. 

I  placed  Tiridates,  born  of  the 
same  father  as  myself,  in  posses- 
sion of  Armenia. 


Antipater  ille  Sidonius 
soleo  versus  hexameter 
fundo  ex  tempus. 

Ex  idem  Pontus  Me- 
dea ille  quondam  profu- 
gio  dico. 

EgOne  omnis,  et  Plato 
ipse,  nescio  quis  ille  an- 
tepono/(? 

Resto  ultirnus  crelum 
complexus,  qui  idem 
aether  voco. 

Quisquis  honestus  sum, 
idem  sum  utilis. 

Nihil  sum  liberalis, 
qui  non  idem  Justus. 

Q,uis  praBclarus  non 
idem  arduus  1 

Idem  utilitas,  qui  ho- 
nestus sum  regiila. 

Idem  existo  consul,  qui 
sum  semper. 

Servus  idem  mos* 
sum7,  qui  domlnus. 

Rhetor  dictum  quam 
exilis  sum  de  virtus  vis! 
Qui  etiam  qui  assentior 
idem  abeo,  qui  venio. 

Virtus  idem  in  homo 
ac  Deus  sum. 

Academicus  et  Peripa- 
teticus  quondam  idem 
sum7. 

Tiridates  ego,  idem 
egocum7  pater7"  genitus, 
in  possessio  Armenia  de- 
duco. 


as  common  life  knows.      *  §  225,  III.    c  §  266,3.    <*  §  264,  5. 
*  §  212,  R.  3.      J  §  260,  R.  4. 
n  pi.       °  §  224.       *  §  211, 


*  §  247.      /  imp.       e  pi.      h  §  138,  2. 

*  §  212,  R.  1.       l  §  249,  II.      m  §  247. 
R.  8,  (2.)      '  §  222,  R.  7.      r  §  246. 


INDEFINITES. 


$207 


INTENSIVES. 


R.  23.  I  want  not  medicine,  I 
console  myself. 

He  acquired  to  himself  the 
greatest  glory. 

He  who  knows  himself  will  feel 
that  he  has  something  in  him 
divine. 


Non  egeo  medicma*, 
ego  ipse  consolor. 

Sui  ipse  pario  laus 
magnus. 

Q,ui  sui  ipse  nosco*, 
aliquis  sentio  sui  habeoc 
divinus. 


§  250,  2.      *  §  145,  VI.  &  §  162,  7.      *  §  272, 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

I  hate  a  wise  (man)  who  is  not  wise  for  himself*.  The 
wise  (man,)  who  neither  profits6  himself  nor  others,  is  wise 
in  vain*.  Wilt  thou,  when  God  has  given  thee  a  mind,  than 
which*  nothing  is  more  excellent  *  or  divine,  so  debase* 
thyself  as*  to  think*  that  there  is  no  difference  •*  between 
thee  and  some*  quadruped?  We  have  this  primary1  desire"* 
from  nature,  that  we  should  preserve"  ourselves0.  You  were 
unwilling  to  go  into  (your)  province. 

*  §  222.  *  prosum  e  §  224.  d  is  wise  in  vain,  irrltA  pollet  sa- 
pienfcA,  §  250.  *  §  256.  /  pnustans.  B  projicio.  *  §  262,  R.  1. 
•  puto.  /  nihil  interesse.  *  aliquis.  '  primus.  m  appetitio.  w  con- 
BCITO,  §  2G2.  *  ipse,  agreeing  with  the  object,  §  133,  2. 


INDEFINITES. 

207. 


R.  29.  Finally  you  xvill  ascer- 
tain, whether  the  Faberii  incline 
at  all  to  promote  this  design  of 
mine.  Should  they  have  any' 
(such  inclination,)  it  is  of  great 
service;  but  if  not,  let  us  exert 
ourselves  in  every  way. 


Demque  intelltgo,  ec- 
quid  Faberius  inclino* 
ad  hie  meus  consiliutn 
adjuvo*.  Si  quid  sum, 
magnus  sum  adju  men- 
turn  ;  sin  minus,  quicun- 
que  ratio  contendo. 


$207. 


INDEFINITES. 


R.  30.  If  you  are   in   Epirus,        Tu  si  sum  in  Epirus, 
send  to  us  some  letter-carrier  of    mitto  ad  ego  de  tuus  ali- 


quis  tabellarius. 

Iste  quidem  ars,  si  mo- 


yours. 

These  arts,  if  indeed  they  avail 

to  some  purpose,  avail  to  sharpen,  do  altquis*,  valeo  ut  acuo* 

and,  as  it  were,  to  stimulate  the  et  tanquarn  irrlto  ingerii- 

understandings  of  boys,  that  they  um  puer,  quo  facile  pos- 

may   more    easily   learn    greater  sum  magnus  disco*, 
(things.) 

Even   a  moderate  orator  fixes  Teneo  auris  vel  medio- 

the  attention,  provided  only  there  cris  orator,  sum/  modo 


be  something  in  him. 

R.  31.  In  the  golden  age,  no 
one  had  either  a  disposition  or  a 
motive  to  injury. 

The  gods  being  duly  propiti- 
ated, the  consuls  performed  the 
levy  more  severely  and  exactly, 
than  any  one  remembered  (it)  to 
have  been  performed  in  former 
years. 

R.  33.  I  happened  to  be  walk- 
ing along  the  sacred  way,  (when) 
there  ran  (to  meet  me)  a  certain 
(man,)  known  to  me  by  name  only. 

R.  34.  Jupiter  is  not  less  afraid 
of  evil  than  any  one  of  you. 

Painters  and  poets  have  always 
enjoyed  an  equal  license  of  at- 
tempting any  thing  they  please. 

R.  35.  Every  very  learned  man 
despises  the  Epicureans. 

The  best  (men)  most  regard 
posterity. 

The  consul  P.  Licinius  was  di- 
rected to  appoint  the  earliest  pos- 


aliquis5  in  is, 

Aureus  seculum*  non 
sum  quisquam1  aut  ani- 
mus in  injuria  aut  causa. 

Deus  rite  placatus,  de- 
lectus consul  habeo  acri- 
ter  iritenteque  quam  prior 
annus  quisquam  memini' 
habeo. 

Eo  forte  via*  sacer ;  ac- 
curro  quidam,  notus  ego 
nomen  tantum. 

Jupiter  non  minus 
quam  tu*  quivis  formldo 
malum. 

Pictorf  atque  poeta 
quiHbet™  audeo"  semper 
sum  aequus  potestas. 

Epicureus  doctus  quis- 
que  contemno. 

Bonus  quisque  maxime 
posteritas0  servio. 

P.  Liciniusp  consul  de- 
nuncio7,  ut  exercitusp 


sible  day  for  the  army  to  assem-    dies7"  primus    quisque  di- 


ble.  co  convemo". 

0  §  265.  6  §  275,  III.  R.  3.  c  lit.  if  there  shall  be  any  (thing.) 
d  §  232,  (2.)  «  §  262.  /  §  263,  2.  g  §  138,  2.  *  §  253.  *  §  226. 
1  §  145,  II.  &  §  183,  3,  N.  *  §  254,  R.  3,  2d  paragraph.  l  §  212.R.2. 
N.  2.  m  §  275, 1.  n  §  275,  III.  R.  1.  °  §  223,  R.  2.  *  dat.  »  pass 
impers.  r  fern.  '  lit.  for  assembling,  §  275,  III.  R.  3. 
o 


54  INDEFINITES.  $  207, 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

See  how  much*  more  odious6  a  tyrant  Verres  wasc  to  the 
Sicilians'*,  than  any  one  of  those  who  preceded* ;  since  they 
ornamented  f  the  temples  of  the  gods,  he  even  took  awayff 
their*  monuments  and  decorations4.  C.  Gracchus  deserves 
to  be  read-7'  by  youth*,  if  any1  other  (deserves  it,)  for  he  is 
capable'71  not  only  of  sharpening",  but  of  nourishing"  the 
understanding0.  Virtue  has  nothing  grand73  in  it7,  if  it  has 
any  thing  venal.  Alexander  haltedr  at  Babylon*  longer* 
than  any  where"  ;  nor  did  any  place  more  injure*  military 
discipline".  There  is  not  any  one1  of  anyy  nation2,  who 
mayaa  not  arrive66  at  virtue,  having00  nature  (as)  his  guide. 
Would  anyy  city  have  patience  with"  fhe  proposer'6  of  a 
law  of  this  kind77,  that  a  son  or  grandson  should  be  con- 
demned^, if  his  father  or  grandfather  had  done  wrong7171  ? 

*  §  256,  R.  16.  \  teter.  c  §  265.  *  §  222,  R.  7,  N.  •  of  those 
who  preceded,  superiurum.  /  orno,  §  263,  5.  B  sustollo.  h  repeat 
deorum.  *  ornamentum.  i  §  274,  R.  8.  *  §  225,  III.  *  si  quis- 
quam.  m  to  be  capable,  possum.  n  §  271.  °  ingenium.  p  magnif'icus. 

*  §  208.      r  consisto.      '  §  254.       «  diu,  §  194,  Gtlt  paragraph.       "  us- 
quam.      *  noceo.      <•  §  223,  R.  2.      x  §  138.      »  §  107.      *  gens,  §  212. 
*°  possum.       i6  pervenio.      cc  nactus.       dd  to  have  patience  with,  fero. 
"  later,      77  istlus  modi.      eg  §  262,  R.  1.      hh  to  do  wrong,  delinquo. 

When  the  morals'1  of  friends  are  correct6,  there  should 
then  bec  between  them,  without  any  exception,  a  community 
of  all  things,  plans'*  (and)  wishes.  Whom  will  you  show* 
me  that  sets7  some5  value  upon  time71  ?  The  gods  neglect 
trivial  things*,  nor  descend  to-7  the  petty  fields^  and  vines' 
of  individuals"1 ;  nor  if  blight"  or  hail  has  done  injury0,  in 
some  way  or  otherp ,  does  this  require  the  notice  of  Jupiter7. 
This  is  the  dictate  of  nature*",  that  we  turn"  (our)  counte- 
nance* to  the  auditors",  if  we  wish"  to  inform"  them  of  any 
thing*.  Spidersy  weave*"*  (their)  net,  that,  if  any  thingbk 
be  entangled",  they  may  destroy6*1*  it.  Is  any  one"  enraged 
with  boys77,  whose  age  does  not  yetes  know  the  differences7'* 
of  things?  In  proportion  as*'  any  one1  is  more  crafty -^  and 
subtle",  the  moren  (is  he)  hated7717"  and  suspected"",  (his) 
reputation00  for  probity^  being  taken  away77. 

0  mos.     «•  emendatus.     c  §  260,  R.  6.     d  consilium.      *  do.     /  pono. 

*  §  138,  2.      h  §  223.       *  trivial  things,  minima.      J  to  descend  to,  per- 
sequor.     *  apettyjield,  agellum.      l  viticula.      "*  singulus.      n  uredo. 


§  207.  INDEFINITES.  65 

0  to  do  injury,  noceo.  p  in  some  way  or  otner,  quippiam,  §  232,  (2.) 
*  to  require  notice,  4/-C..,  animadverto,  §§  274,  R.  8,  &  225,  111.  r  lit. 
is  riven  by  nature.  *  dingo,  §  273,  2.  {  vultus.  M  §  225,  IV.  v  §  260, 
II?  "  doceo,  §  231.  *  §  137,  1,  (c.)  *  aranea.  °°  texo.  "  §  138, 
2,  4th  paragraph.  ca  §  145,  VI.  dd  §  262.  ee  num  quis.  //  §  223, 
R.  2.  *?  nondurn.  A;I  discrlmen.  **  in  proportion  as,  quo,  §  25G, 
R.  16.  ^versutus.  kk  callidus.  "hoc.  mm  invisus,  comp.  nnsus- 
pectus.  °°  opinio.  pp  gen.  qq  detraho. 

It  is  a  dishonorable"  excuse,  and  by  no  means6  to  be  re- 
ceivedc,  if  any  one  confesses^  that  he  has  acted"  against 
(the  good  of)  the  republic,  for  the  sake7  of  a  friend.  De- 
mosthenes used  to  say*,  that  he  was  grieved71,  if  at  any  time1 
he  was  outdone J  by  the  earlyfr  industry  of  artisans*.  Pains'71 
must  be  taken71  that  there  may  be0  nop  dissensions7  among 
friends7".  We  must  take  care"  lest  it  be  said  that  there  was 
in  us  any1  conspicuous"  fault.  Augustus  performed"  (his) 
journeys  in  a  litter10,  and  generally  in  the  night*,  and  thaty 
slowly*,  (so)  that  he  went™  to  Tibur  or  Praeneste  in  two 
days66 ;  and  if  he  couldcc  getdd  to  any  place" e  by  sea,  he  pre- 
ferred to  sail-^.  The  senate  decreed  that  the  consul  should 
look  to  \iss  that  the  republic  received7'71  no  injury". 

*  turpis.  b  by  no  means,  minime.  c  accipio,  §  274,  R.  8.  d  fateor. 
'  facio.  /  causa.  s  aio,  §  145,  II.  1.  h  doleo.  *  if  at  any  time,  si 
quando,  instead  of  si  aliquando.  i  vinco.  k  anlelucanus.  '  oplfex. 
m  opgra,  sing.  n  do,  §  274,  R.  8.  °  fio.  p  that  no,  ne  quis.  *  dissid- 
ium.  r  gen.  pi.  '  caveo,  §  225,  III.  R.  1.  *  lest  any,  ne  quis. 
0  insignia.  *  facio,  §  145,  II.  1.  w  lectica.  *  pi.  y  §  207,  R.  26, 
'3d  paragraph.  z  lentus,  lit.  and  those  slow  journeys.  ia  procedo, 
§  145,  II.  1.  "  biduum,  §  253.  cc  possum.  dd  pervenio.  ee  if  to 
any  place,  si  quo.  ff  to  prefer  to  sail,  potius  navigo,  §  145,  II.  1. 
ee  to  look  to  it,  video.  hfl  capio,  §  273,  1.  **  that  —  no  injury,  ne  quid 
detriment!. 

In  Numa  Pompilius,  in  Servius  Tullius,  in  the  other  kings, 
of  whom  there  are  many  excellent"  (institutions)  for  estab- 
lishing6 the  state0,  does  there  appear  anyd  trace*  of  elo- 
quence? I  saluted  Rufius,  doing  f  something8',  I  believe, 
on71  the  exchange{  of  Puteoli-7 ;  afterwards  I  bade  him  fare- 
wellfc,  when  he  had  asked  me  whether  I  had  any  commands'. 
The  whole"1  of  Sicily  undergoes  the  census"  every0  fifth  year. 
Thirty-three  Attic  talents  are  paidp  to  Pompey  every0  thirtieth 
day.  There  is  scarcely  one  (man)  in  tenq  in  the  forum,  who 
knows7"  himself.  The  deepest3  streams  flow'  with  the  least 
sound.  The  freshest*  eggs  are  best"  for  hatching0.  I  think1* 
it  very  foolish  not  to  propose  the  best'  (things)  for  imitation*. 


56 


POSSESSIVES. 


^  207. 


Credulity  is  an  error  rathery  than  a  fault,  and  creeps'  most 
readily*"  into  the  minds  of  the  bestbb  (men.) 

tt  eximius,  §  205,  R.  7,  (2.)  &  constituo,  §  275,  III.  R.  3.  e  res- 
publica.  d  numquis.  '  vestigium.  /  ago.  *  aliquis,  §  138,  2,  4th 
paragraph.  h  in.  *  emporium.  J  lit.  of  the  Puteoldni.  k  to  bid 
farewell,  jubeo  valere.  l  whether  I  had  any  commands,  numquis  volo, 
§  265.  m  totus.  n  to  undergo  the  census,  censeo,  pass.  °  §  279,  14. 
p  solvo.  5  one  man  in  ten,  decimus  quisque.  r  §  264,  7,  3d  para- 
graph. '  lit.  each  or  every  deepest,  fy-c.  '  labor.  u  aptus.  *  excludo, 
§  275,  III.  R.  3.  w  credo.  *  §  275,  III.  R.  3.  *  magis.  *  irrepo. 
ao  facile.  "  lit.  each  best,  §  279,  14. 

The  Stoics  choose"  to  call6  every  thing"  by  its  own0  name. 
There  are  as  many*  voices  in  the  world/  asff  men,  and  each'1 
has  his  ownd.  All  (things)  came*  to  the  mind  of  Antonius', 
and  thatfc  too  each1  in  its  own*  place,  where  they  could  be  of 
most  avail"1.  The  Siciili,  as  soon  as  ever"  they  saw  diseases 
spreading0,  from  the  unhealthiness77  of  the  place,  dropped 
off7,  each  to  their  neighboringr  towns.  The  multitude  of 
Grecian  painters  is  so  great,  and  the  merit*  of  each  in  his 
own  department'  (is)  so  great,  that  while"  we  admire0  the 
best"7,  we  approve*  even  the  inferior". 

0  placet,  lit.  it  is  pleasing  to  the   Stoics.       b  appello.        c  quisque. 

*  its  own,  suus.      e  totldem.      /  orbis.       e  §  206,  (16.)      h  lit.  and  to 
each  its  own.      i  §  145,  II.  1.      J  §  225,  IV.  5th  paragraph.       k  §  207, 
R.  26.      l  §  279,  14.      m  to  be  of  most  avail,  plurimum  valere.      n  as 
soon  as  ever,  ut  primum.      °  vulgo,  §  272,  R.  5.      F  gravitas.      ?  dila- 
bor,  §  209,  R.  11,  (4.)       r  propinquus.       *  laus.       *  genus.       u  quum. 

*  miror.      w  summus,  §  205,  R.  7,  (2.)      *  probo.      y  neut.  pi. 


POSSESSIVES. 

<S  207. 


R.  36.  My  life  is  as  dear  to 
me,  as  yours  (is)  to  you. 

Have  you  so  much  leisure  from 
your  own  business,  as  to  take  care 
of  other  people's  (affairs?) 

All  the  seven  wise  men  of 
Greece,  except  Thales,  the  Mile- 
sian, presided  over  their  respective 
states. 

The  maid,  who  was  mine  to- 
day, is  now  free. 


Tarn  ego  meus  vita, 
quam  tuus  tu  carus  sum. 

Tantusne  a  res  tuus 
otiuma  sum  tu6,  alienus 
ut  euro  ? 

Septem  Graecia  sapiens 
omnis  prseter  Milesius 
Thales,  civitasc  suus  prae- 
sum. 

Ancilla,  meus  qui  sum 
hodie,  suus  nunc  sum 


$208. 


REFLEXIVES. 


57 


Theophrastus  informs  (us)  that 
mules  breed  in  Cappadocia,  but 
that  this  animal  is  there  of  a  pe- 
culiar species. 

Your  recollection  of  us  is  ex- 
ceedingly grateful  to  me. 


Theophrastus  pario 
mulad  in  Cappadocia  tra- 
do ;  sed  sum  is  animal** 
ibi  suits  genus. 

Gratus  ego  vehementer 
sum  memoria  ego  tuus. 


§  212,  R.  3.      &  §  226.      c  §  224.      <*  §  239. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  uncertainty*  of  things  led6  Socrates  to  a  confession 
of  (his)  ignorance.  The  speech0  of  Scipio  is  in  (our)  hands. 
(Those)  who  have  sinned,  always  imagine**  punishment  to  be 
hovering*  before  (their)  eyes.  Cepheus,  with  (his)  wife, 
(his)  son-in-law,  (and  his)  daughter,  is  said7  to  be  adorned 
with  stars*. 


*  obscuritas. 
stellatus. 


6  adduce.      *  oratio.      d  puto.      '  versor.     /  trado. 


REFLEXIVES. 


§  208.     Sui  and  suus  properly  refer  to  the  subject 
of  the  proposition  in  which  they  stand. 


Atticus  did  not  recommend 
himself  to  (men)  in  their  pros- 
perity0, but  always  aided  (them) 
in  their  calamity. 

Agesilaus  turned  himself  against 
Phrygia,  and  ravaged  it,  before 
Tissaphernes  moved  himself  in  any 
direction. 

Eumenes  imposed  upon  the 
prefects  of  Antigonus,  and  extri- 
cated himself  and  all  his  (men)  in 
safety. 

Hannibal  perceived  that  he  was 
aimed  at,  and  that  life  ought  not 
any  longer  to  be  retained  by  him. 


Atticus  non  sui  florens 
vendito,  sed  afflictus  sem- 
per succurro. 

Agesilaus  in  Phrygia 
sui  converto,  isque  prius 
depopulor,  quam  Tissa- 
phernes usquam  sui  mo- 
veo. 

Eumenes  praefectus 
Antigonus  impono,  sui- 
que  ac  suus  omnis  extra- 
ho  incolumis. 

Hannibal  sentio  sui 
peto,  neque  suib  diue  vita 
sum  retinendus. 


68 


REFLEXIVES. 


§208. 


I  hesitate  not  to  say  that  every 
nature  is  prone  to  the  preservation 
of  itself. 

(I.)  Hannibal  ordered  the  lad 
to  go  around  to  all  the  doors  of 
the  building,  and  report  to  him 
quickly,  whether  he  was  block- 
aded in  the  same  manner  on  all 
sides. 

Themistocles  discloses  to  the 
master  of  the  ship  who  he  is, 
making  (him)  great  promises  if  he 
would  save  him. 

(4.)  Jugurtha  sends  ambassa- 
dors to  Metellus,  to  demand  only 
his  own  life  and  (the  lives)  of  his 
children. 

(5.)  Reason  and  speech  unite 
men  together. 

(6.)  A  deserter  came  into  the 
camp  of  Fabricius,  and  promised 
him  that  he  would  return  secretly, 
as  he  had  come,  into  the  camp  of 
Pyrrhus,  and  would  destroy  him 
by  poison. 

(7.)  Theophrastus  robbed  vir- 
tue of  its  ornament. 

The  Roman  men  did  not  envy 
the  women  their  glory. 

(8.)  Perseus  was  able  to  com- 
mence the  war  at  a  time  very 
favorable  to  himself,  and  disad- 
vantageous to  the  enemy. 


Non  dubito  dico  omnis 
naturad  sum  conserva- 
trixe  sui. 

Impero  Hannibal  pu- 
er7,  ut  omnis  sedificium 
foris  circueo"  ac  propere 
sui  renuntio,  num  idem 
modus  undique  obsideo\ 

Themistocles  domlnus 
navis,  qui  sumA,  aperio, 
multus£  pollicitus  si  sui 
servo  }. 

Jugurtha  legatus  ad 
Metellus  mitto,  qui  tan- 
tummodo  ipsek  liberique 
vita  peto*. 

Ratio  et  oratio  concilio 
inter  sui  homo. 

Perfiaga  venio  in  castra 
Fabricius  zsque  polliceor, 
sui,  ut  clam  veniom,  ita 
clam  in  Pyrrhus  castra 
redeo",  et  is  venenum 
necon. 

Theophrastus  spolio 
virtus  suus  decus0. 

Non  invideo  laus  suus 
mulierp  vir  Romanus. 

Perseus  suus  maxime 
tempus5  atque  alienus 
hostis  incipio  bellum  pos- 
sum. 


a  lit.  prosperous,  fyc.  'b  §  225,  III.  e  §  194,  6th  paragraph. 
*  §  239.  *  §  210.  /  §  223,  R.  2.  *  §  2G2.  A  §  2G5.  *  lit.  many 
things.  i  §  266,  3,  &  R.  4.  *  lit.  life  for  himself,  fyc.  l  §  264,  5. 
"  §  266,  2.  n  §  272,  &  §  270,  R.  3,  last  clause.  °  §  251.  P  §  223 
R.  2.  '  §  253. 

English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

(My)  brother  duintus  justifies"  himself  strenuously6  by 
letter6,  and  affirms  that  nothing  unfavorable**  was  ever  said* 


§  209.  SUBJECT-NOMINATIVE.  59 

by  him  concerning  you.  The  Allobroges,  who  had  villages 
and  possessions  beyond7  the  Rhone,  betake*  themselves  in 
flight  to  Caesar,  and  show*  (him)  that  nothing  is  left*  to  themt 
except  the  soiP  of  (their)  territory*.  Romulus  said  to  Julius 
Proculus  that  he1  was  a  god"1,  and  was  called  Q,uirlnusm. 
The  youth",  holding  the  right  hand  of  Scipio,  invoked  all 
the  gods  to  make  a  return  of  gratitude"  to  himp  (Scipio)  for 
himself,  since  heq  had  notr  sufficient  ability*  (to  do  it)  accord- 
ing to'  his  own  feeling",  and  his*  (Scipio's)  merit  towards" 
him.  Darius  said  that  he  was  an  enemy"1  to  the  Athenians", 
because*,  by  theirp  aid,  the  lonians  had  takeny  Sardis*. 

a  purgo.  6  multum.  e  per  literas.  d  secus,  qualifying  the  verb. 
'  §  '272.  f  trans.  s  recipio.  h  demonstro.  *  rellquus,  §  212,  R.  3, 
N.3.  J  solum.  *  ager.  *  §  239.  m  §  210.  nadolescens.  °  to  make 
a  return  of  gratitude,  ad  gratiarn  referendam.  p  (6.)  q  §  266,  R.  3. 
r  lit.  there  loas  not  to  him,  §  226.  *  facultas,  §  212,  R.  4.  l  according 
to,  pro.  u  animus.  *  erga.  w  §  211,  R.  12.  x  quod.  y  expugno, 
§  266,  3.  z  pi. 

The  Germans  do  not  attend  toa  agriculture,  and  the  greater 
part  of  their*  food0  consists  of  milk'*,  and  cheese,  and  flesh. 
Pythias,  who,  as  a  banker*,  was  in  favor7  with*  all  ranks*, 
called  the  fishermen  to  him,  and  requested  of  them*,  that 
they  would  fish-7',  on  the  following  day*,  before  his1  gardens. 
Most"1  (of)  the  soldiers  of  Caesar,  (when)  taken"  (prisoners,) 
refused  life  offered0  to  them  onp  condition  of  serving7  against 
him.  Nothing  is  less  acceptable7"  to  God  himself,  than  that 
the  way*  to  propitiate'  and  worship  him1  should  not  be  openu 
to  all. 

0  to  attend  to,  studeo,  §  223.  6  is,  (6,)  2d  paragraph.  c  victus. 
d  abl.  without  a  preposition.  e  argentarius.  /  gratiosus.  e  apud. 
ft  ordo.  *§231,R.  2.  •/  §  273,  2.  *  postridie.  l  (1.)  m  plerique. 
n  capio.  °  concede.  p  sub.  9  of  serving,  si  militare  vellent. 
r  gratus.  *  §  239.  '  placo,  §  275,  III.  R.  3.  M  to  be  open,  pateo. 


SUBJECT-NOMINATIVE. 

<§>  209.  A  verb  agrees  with  its  subject-nominative  in 
number  and  person. 

The   swallows   depart    in    the         Abeo  hirundo  hibernus 
winter  months.  mensis. 

Peace  is  produced  by  war.  Pax  pario  bellum 


60 


SUBJECT-NOMINATIVE 


§209. 


Philosophy  dispels  our  errors. 

The  neck  of  peacocks  shines 
with  various  colors. 

The  earth,  from  the  small  seed 
of  a  fig,  produces  a  large  trunk. 

Thirty  tyrants,  placed  in  au- 
thority by  the  Lacedaemonians, 
kept  Athens  in  slavery". 

The  states  of  Thessaly  pre- 
sented the  children  of  Pelopidas 
with  a  large  estate. 

R.  1.  1  expelled  the  kings,  ye 
are  introducing  tyrants ;  I  ob- 
tained liberty,  which  didc  not 
(previously)  exist,  ye  are  not 
willing  to  preserve  it  (when)  ob- 
tained ;  I  freed  my  country  at  the 
risk  of  my  life,  ye  care  not  to  be 
free  (even)  without  risk. 

R.  2,  (1.)  The  Albans  made  an 
attack  upon  the  Roman  territory  ; 
(they)  pitch  their  camp  not  more 
than  five  miles  from  the  city ; 
(they)  surround  (it)  with  a  ditch. 

(2.)  I  am  holding  a  wolf  by  the 
ears,  as7  (they)  say. 

(He)  who  gives  himself  up  to 
pleasure,  is  not  worthy  the  name 
of  a  man. 

Some  prefer  military  to  civil 
affairs. 

R.  3,  (1.)  Evening  is  approach- 
ing, and  I  must  return  to  the  villa. 

The  traveller  hides  himself 
(under)  a  safe  shelter,  while  it 
rains  upon  the  earth. 

At  night,  it  lightens  without 
thunder. 

(2.)  According  as  (one)  lives 
happily,  (he)  lives  long. 


Philosophia  discutio 
error  noster. 

Pavo  cervix  varius  co- 
lor nit co. 

Terra  ex  ficus  parvus 
granum  magnus  truncus 
procreo. 

Triginta  tyrannus,  a 
Lacedsemonius  prseposT- 
tus,  Athenae  servitus  op- 
pressus  teneo. 

Civttas  Thessalia  Pe- 
lopldas  liberi  multus 
ager6  dono. 

Ego  rex  ejicio,  tu  ty- 
rannus introduce  ;  ego 
libertas,  qui  non  sum,  pa- 
rio  ;  tu  partus  servo  non 
volo  ;  ego  caput  metis 
periculum  patria  libero, 
tu  liber  sine  periculum 
sum  non  euro. 

Albdnus  in  ager  Roma- 
nus  impetus  facio  ;  cas- 
tra  ab  urbs  haud  plus 
quinque  milled  passus* 
loco,  fossa  circumdo. 

Q,ui  aio,  auris  teneo 
lupus. 

Qui  trado  sui  volup- 
tas,  non  sum  dignus  no- 
meng  homo. 

Sum,  qui  urbanus  res* 
bellicus  antepono*. 

Advesperascit,  et  ego' 
ad  villa  revertor*. 

Tutus  lateo  arx  viator, 
dum  pluit  in  terra0. 

Noctu  sine  tomtrus 
fulgurat. 

Proinde  ut  bene  vivi- 
tur,  diu  vivitur. 


SUBJECT-NOMINATIVE. 


§209. 

When  we  come  to  the  end,  we 
are  all  equal1. 

,,  (3.)  An  orator  must  observe 
what  is  becoming,  not  in  senti- 
ment only,  but  also  in  words. 

The  young  man  must  acquire, 
the  old  man  must  enjoy. 

Which  (of  the  two)  should  hon- 
est (men)  inquire, what  porters  and 
laborers,  or  what  the  most  learned 
men  have  thought  ? 

The  disciples  of  Pythagoras 
were  obliged  to  be  five  years  si- 
lent. 

It  must  either  be  denied  that  a 
God  exists,  or  (those)  who  admit 
it  must  confess  that  he  is  engaged 
in  something. 

Moderate  exercise  should  be 
used,  and  not  the  body  only  be 
relieved,  but  (also)  the  mind  much 
more. 

(4.)  Wisdom  is  never  dissatis- 
fied with  herself. 

I  am  ashamed  of  you. 

I  am  not  sorry  that  I  have  lived. 

(5.)  It  is  the  part  of  a  philoso- 
pher to  entertain  not  a  loose  and 
indefinite,  but  a  fixed  and  definite 
notion  respecting  the  immortal 
gods. 

To  a  learned  and  well-informed 
man,  to  live  is  to  think. 

(6.)  Building  began  in  a  certain 
part  of  the  city. 

They  began  to  contend  with 
arms. 

R.  4.  Why  should  I  multiply 
words  1 

Before  (I  speak)  to  the  subject, 
(I  will  say)  a  few  (words)  con- 
cerning myself. 

6 


61 


Q,uum  ad  exttus  ven- 
tum  cst,  omnis  in  aequus 
sum. 

Orator"1  quis  decetn 
video  non  in  sententia"  so- 
lum  sed  etiam  in  verbum. 

Juvenis"1  parot  senex 
utor. 

Uter  bonus  qutero,  quis 
bajiilus  atque  operarius, 
an  quis  homo  doctus  sen- 
tio"? 

Pythagoras  discipulus 
quinque  annus  taceo. 

Aut  nego  Deus  sum, 
aut  qui  Deus  sum  conce- 
do^,  is  fateor  is  aliquis 
ago. 

Utor  exercitatio0  modt- 


cus,    nee   corpus8 


solus 


subvenio,  sed  animus  mul- 
tusr  magis. 

Sapientia*  nunquam 
sui'  pcenitet. 

Ego  tu  pudet. 

Non  p&mtet  ego  vivo. 

Sum  philosophus",  de 
deus  immortalis  habeo 
non  errans  et  vagus,  sed 
stabilis  certusque  senten- 
tia. 

Doctus  homo  et  erudl- 
tus  vivo  sum  cogito. 

JEdifico"  cceptum  est 
in  quidam  pars  urbs. 

Arma  discepto"  c&p- 
tum  est. 

Quis"  multus. 

Antequam  de  res,  pau- 
cus  de  ego. 


SUBJECT-NOMINATIVE. 


§209. 


(We  will  treat)  of  this  at  an- 
other time. 

R.  5.  A  short  time  having  in- 
tervened, the  enemy,  upon  a  sig- 
nal being  given,  rushed  down  from 
all  parts,  and  hurled  stones  and 
darts  within  the  rampart :  our 
(soldiers)  at  first,  with  unimpaired 
strength,  bravely  resisted,  and 
from  (their)  more  elevated  sta- 
tion, despatched  no  weapon  in 
vain. 

R.  6.  I  am  Miltiades,  who 
conquered  the  Persians. 

To  us,  indeed,  who  love  you, 
it  will  be  agreeable. 

Be  ye  all  present  in  mind,  who 
are  present  in  body. 

R.  7.  What  we  wish,  we  also 
readily  believe,  and  what  we  our- 
selves think,  we  hope  that  others 
think. 

(Him)  whom  you  would  render 
docile,  you  must  at  the  same  time 
render  attentive. 

The  victims  going  before  con- 
stituted not  the  least  considerable 
part  of  the  triumph. 

The  Numidians  took  posses- 
sion of  those  places  which  were 
called  Numidia. 

R.  10.  The  town  (of)  Stabiaa 
existed  as  late  as  the  consulship 
of  Cn.  Pompey  and  L.  Cator. 

R.  11.  A  great  multitude  of 
abandoned  men  and  of  robbers 
had  assembled. 

The  rest  of  the  fleet  fled,  after 
the  ship  of  the  pretor  was  lost. 

A  p-irt  repair  to  the  neighbor- 
ing cities. 

(*2.)  Gaul  takes  great  delight  in 


Hic°  alias. 

Brevis  spatium  inter- 
jectus,  hostis"  ex  omnis 
pars,  signum  datus,  de- 
curro,  lapis  gaesumque  in 
vallum  cotijicio  :  noster 
primo  integer  vis0  forti- 
ter  repugno,  neque  ullus 
frustra  telum  ex  locus 
superus  mitto. 

Ego  sum  Miltiades, 
qui  Persa  vinco. 

Ego  quidem,  qui  tu 
amo,  sum  gratus. 

Adsum  omnis  animus0, 
qui  adsum  corpus0. 

Q,ui  volo  et  credo  li- 
benter,  et  qui  sentio  ipse, 
reliquus  sentio  spero. 

Qui  docilis  volo"  facio, 
simul  attentus  facio  opor- 
tet. 

Pars  non  parvus  tri- 
umphus  swmvictima  pra> 
cedens. 

NumTda  possideo  is  lo- 
cus, qui  NumidiaoppeZ/o. 

Stabise  oppidum  sum 
usque  ad  Cn.  Pompeius 
et  L.  Cato  consul. 

Magnus  multitude  per- 
ditus  homo  latroque  con- 
venio. 

Ceterus  dassis,  praeto- 
rianus  navis  amissusy, 
fugio, 

Pars  urbs  pcto  finiti- 
mus. 

Jumentum        maxime 


§209. 


SUBJECT-NOMINATIVE. 


beasts  of  burden,  and  procures 
them  at  a  great  price. 

(4.)  As  one  brought  aid  to  an- 
other, they  began  to  resist  more 
boldly. 

It  had  happened  that  we  saw 
each  other  unexpectedly. 

The  best  obeyed  the  com- 
mands of  Vocula. 

R.  12.  At  (the  lake)  Regillus, 
in  the  war  with  the  Latins,  Castor 
and  Pollux  were  seen  to  fight  on 
horseback,  in  the  Roman  line. 

Fineness,  closeness,  whiteness, 
(and)  smoothness,  are  regarded  in 
paper. 

(2.)  Passion  and  reason  are  a 
change  of  the  mind  for  better  and 
worse. 

The  search  and  investigation 
of  truth  is  especially  appropriate 
to  man. 

(3.)  The  forehead,  the  eyes,  the 
countenance,  often  deceive. 

The  chiefs  of  the  Istri,  and  the 
prince  himself,  had  betaken  them- 
selves to  Nesattium. 

(4.)  As  it  happened,  about  the 
same  time,  both  Marcellus  came 
to  Rome  to  deprecate  disgrace, 
and  the  consul  Q,.  Fulvius  to  hold 
the  comitia. 

(6.)  I  wish  to  know  what  you 
and  Sextus  think  concerning  the 
whole  affair. 

By  the  advice  of  Phocion,  De- 
mosthenes, with  others,  was  driv- 
en into  exile,  by  a  decree  of  the 
people. 

(7.)  If  neither  thou  nor  I  have 
done  these  (things,)  poverty  has 
not  permitted  us  to  do  (them,) 


Gallia  delecto* ',  isque  im- 
pensus  paro  pretiurn0*. 

Quum  alius  alius  sub- 
sid.iumfc.ro,  audacter  re- 
sisto  co3pi. 

Accido,  ut  alter  alter 
necopinato  video. 

Bonus  quisque  Vocula 
jussum  pareo. 

Apud  Regillus,  bellurn 
Latinus66,  in  acies  Roma- 
nus  Castor  et  Pollux  ex 
equus  pugno  video. 

Specto  in  charta0  tenui- 
tas,  densitas,  candor,  Ice- 
vor. 

Affectus  et  ratio  in  bo- 
nus malusque  mutatio 
animus  sum. 

Imprimis  sum  homo64 
proprius  verum  inquisitio 
atque  investigatio. 

Frons,  oculus,  vultus, 
persaepe  mentior0. 

In  Nesattium  suipn'n- 
ccps  Istri  et  regulus  ipse 
recipiocc. 

Forte  sub  idem  tem- 
pusdd,  ct  Marcellus  ad 
deprecandusee  ignominia, 
tt  Q.  Fulvius  consul  co- 
mitia causa/7Roma  venio. 

Tu  ipse  cum  Scxtus, 
scio  volo??,  de  totus  res 
quis  existimohh. 

Phocion  consilium  De- 
mosthenes cum  ceterus, 
populiscltum  in  exilium 
expcllo. 

Hie  si  neque  ego  ne- 
que  tu  facio,  non  sino 
egestas  ego  facio. 


00 


64  SUBJECT-NOMINATIVE.  §  209. 

You  and  I  were  together  all  Ego  atque  tu  omnis 

that  time.  ille  tempus  una  sum. 

I  began  to  be  in  safety,  and  he  Ego  in  tutum,  et  ille 

in  danger.  in  periciilurn  sum  ccepi". 

*  lit.  oppressed  with,fyc.  b  §  249,  I.  c  See  note,  p.  10.  d  §  256, 
R.  6.  e  §  212.  /  lit.  which.  e  §  244.  *  §  224.  *  §  2(54,  6. 
1  §  225,  III.  *  §  274,  R.  8.  l  lit.  in  an  equal  (condition.)  m  §  225, 
III.  "§265.  °  pi.  *§264.  3  §224.  r§256,R.  16.  '§229. 
R.  6.  '  §  215,  (1.)  »  §  211,  R.  8,  (3.)  "  pass.  inf.  *  pres.  "  §  229, 
R.  3.  *  lit.  to  the  consuls,  Cn.  Pompcy  and  L.  Cato.  y  §  257.  "pass. 

§252.       "  gen.       ce  sing.        dd  ace.   §235,    (2,)    5th    paragraph. 

§  275,  II.       //  lit.   on    account    of  the   comitia.       ss   §  260,  R.  4. 

sing.  §  2C5.      "  §  209,  (7,)  3d  paragraph 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

In  these  places  which  wea  inhabit* t  the  dog-stare  rises'*  af- 
ter the  solstice;  among*  the  Troglodytes,  as  authors  write7, 
before  the  solstice.  If  (those  things)  which  thou  dost  are 
shameful',  what*  matters  (it)  that  no  one*  (else)  knows  (it,) 
since  thoua  knowcst  (it?)  The  most  excellent  kings  of  the 
Persians,  as  we*  think j ,  were  Cyrus  and  Darius,  the  son  of 
Hystaspis.  It  concerned^  the  Athenians*  more  to  have  firm 
roofs  in  (their)  dwelling-houses"1,  than  a  most  beautiful  stat- 
ue" of  Minerva  ;  yet  Ia  would  rather0  be^  Phidias7,  than 
evenr  the  best  carpenter*.  If  wild  animals'  love"  their  off- 
spring", how  indulgent10  ought"  wea  to  be  towards  our  chil- 
dren1' ! 

*  R.  1,2(2  paragraph.  b  incolo.  c  canicula.  d  exorior.  '  apud. 
/  as  authors  write,  ut  scribltur.  *  turpis.  h  §  214.  N.  3.  l  §  239. 
/  judico.  *  interest.  *  §  219.  m  domicilium.  n  signum.  °  malo, 
imp.  §  260.  *  me  esse,  §  271,  R.  3.  *  §  210.  r  vol.  •  faber  tigna- 
rius.  *  a  wild  animal,  fera.  "  diligo.  v  partus.  w  qua  indulgentia, 
§  211,  R.  6.  *  debeo.  »  liberi. 

Nature  has  defended"  trees  from  cold6  and  heat  by  a  barkc 
sometimes  double^.  Pompey,  Lcntulus,  Scipio,  (and)  Afra- 
nius,  perished",  in  the  civil  wars,  by  a  miserable  death f. 
(His)  long3'  hair'1  set  off1  Scipio,  and  his  personal  appearance  j, 
not  elaborately  neat*,  but  truly  manly  and  military.  The 
excellence1  and  greatness  of  the  mind  shine  out'"  in  despis- 
ing" wealth.  Hunger  and  thirst  are  removed0  by  meat  and 
drink.  There  was  in  Miltiades  bothp  the  greatest7  kindnessr 


§  209.  SUBJECT-NOMINATIVE.  65 

and  wonderful  affability'.  Galba,  having  taken'  the  hand 
of  Piso,  said,  Thou  and  /"  speak0  to-day  to  one  another" 
with  the  greatest  openness*. 

0  tutor.  b  frigus,  pi.  c  cortex.  d  gemlnus.  '  R.  12.  /  by  a 
miserable  death,  foede.  e  promissus.  h  caesaries.  *  to  set  off,  ador- 
no.  J  personal  appearance,  habitus  corpuris.  k  elaborately  neat,  cul- 
tus  munditiis.  l  praestantia.  m  eluceo,  R.  12,  (2.)  n  §  275,  III. 
R.  4.  °  depello,  R.  12,  (2.)  P  both,  —  and,  quum  —  turn,  R.  12,  (4.) 
9  summus.  r  humanitas.  *  coimtas.  r  apprehendo,  §  237,  R.  5. 
M  the  pronoun  of  the  first  person  is  placed  first.  v  loquor.  w  to  one 
another,  inter  nos.  *  simpliciter. 

(Ye)  have  erred  greatly0,  Rullus,  tliou  and  some6,  thy  col- 
leagues, who  hoped  that  ye  mightc  be  popular  in  overthrowing61 
the  republic.  The  leader  himself,  with  certain6  principal 
menf,  is  taken.  Atticus  stimulated'  all  by  his  zeal* ;  in 
which  number  were  L.  Torqudtus,  C.  Marius,  the  son,  and  M. 
Cicero.  The  consuls,  Sp.  Postumius  and  T.  Veturius,  were 
vanquished1  at  the  Caudine;  battle.  Hannibal  and  Philopos- 
mcn  were  destroyed*  by  poison.  The  city  and  Italy  were 
consumed1  by  internal  war.  Let  religion  and  faith  be  pre- 
ferred"1 to  friendship.  It  is  incredible  how  much71  my  brother 
and  I  esteem0  M.  Lasnius.  Peace  is  obtained1*  by  war: 
(those,)  therefore,  who  wish  to  enjoy  that7  longr,  ought  to  be 
exercised  in  war.  The  wolf  prowls  about"  the  flocks  by 
night'. 

*  vehementer.  5  nonnullus.  c  possum,  §  272.  d  everto,  §  275, 
II.  *  aliquot.  /  a  principal  man,  princeps.  B  incito.  h  studium 
*  supero.  1  Caudlnus.  k  absumo.  l  R.  12,  (2.)  m  antepono. 
n  §  214.  °  facio,  §  265.  p  pario.  9  is.  r  diutmus.  *  to  prowl 
about,  obambulo.  '  by  night,  nocturnus. 

(3.)  No  one  ever  consulted  a  soothsayer0  how6  (one)  ought 
to  livec  with*  parents,  brothers,  (and)  friends.  If  Deiotarus 
had  not  returned*  from  his  journey,  he  would  have  had  to 
slcepf  in  the  room"  which,  the  next  night,  fell  in\  We 
ought  to  have  resisted  Caesar1  (when  he  was)  weak-7',  and  it* 
would  have  been1  easy ;  now  he  has  eleven  legions,  the  pop- 
ulace of  the  city"1,  (and)  so  many  tribunes  of  the  people. 
At  Castabalum,  the  king  meets  Parmenio",  whom  he  had 
sent  forward0  to  explorep  the  pass7  byr  which  (he)  must  pen- 
etrate' to  the  town'  called  Issus". 

0  haruspex.        b  quemadmodum.        e  §  162,   15,  &  §  265.      d  cum, 
repeated  with  each  noun.      '  §  261,  1.      /  cubo,  §  162,  15,  &  §  261, 1. 
6* 


66 


PREDICATE-NOMINATIVE. 


*  conclave.  *  corruo.  *  §  223,  R.  2.  J  imbecillus.  *  is.  '  §  259, 
R.4.  m  §  211,  R.  4.  "  §  224.  °  to  sendfoncard,  proemitto.  f  §  275, 
II.  &  III.  R.  3.  «  the  puss,  Her  saltfis.  r  per.  •  §  162,  15,  imp. 
1  urbs.  u  Jif .  Issus  by  name. 


PREDICATE-NOMINATIVE. 

§  210.  A  noun  in  the  predicate,  after  a  verb  neu- 
ter or  passive,  is  put  in  the  same  case  as  the  subject, 
when  it  denotes  the  same  person  or  thing. 


Atticus  presented  to  each  of  the 
Athenians  seven  raodii  of  wheat ; 
which  kind  of  measure  is  called 
at  Athens  a  medimnus. 

They  say  that  there  is  a  wild 
animal  in  Pasonia,  which  is  called 
the  Bonasus,  with  the  mane  of  a 
horse,  in  other  respects  like  a 
bull. 

After  Hostilius,  Ancus  Marti- 
us,  the  grandson  of  Numa  Pom- 
pilius  by  a  daughter,  was  appoint- 
ed king  by  the  people. 

It  is  noble  and  meritorious  to 
come  forth  the  voluntary  defender 
of  one's  country. 

A  slave,  when  he  is  manumit- 
ted, becomes  a  freedman. 

Rome,  afterwards  so  great,  was 
once  a  pasture  for  a  few  oxen. 

Eight  legions,  near  the  Rhine, 
(were)  the  principal  strength  of 
the  empire. 

The  emperor  Titus  Vespasian 
was  called  the  darling  of  the  hu- 
man race. 

The  town  of  Prestum  was 
called  by  the  Greeks  Posidonia. 

R.  1.    M.    MarceJlus,     (after) 


Atticus  Atheniensis 
singulus  septem  modius 
triticum  do  ;  qui  modus 
mensur a  medimnus  Athe- 
nse  appello. 

Trado  in  Paeonia  feraa 
sum,  qui  Bonasus  voco*, 
equlnus  juba6  ceterus* 
taurusd  similis. 

Post  Hostilius,  Numa 
Pompilius,  nepos  ex  filia, 
rex  a  populus  Ancus  Mar- 
tius  const ituo. 

Pulcher"  dignusque 
sum7  patria,  volens  pro- 
dco  defcnsor. 

Servus,  quum  manus* 
m\tto,Jio  libertlnus. 

Roma  posteatam  mag- 
nus,  paucus  olim  pascua 
bos  sum. 

ProBciputis  imperium 
robur,  Rhenus  juxtaocto 
legio. 

Imperator  Titus  Ves- 
pasianus  delicicB  huma- 
nus  genus  dico. 

Oppidum  Paestum  a 
Gr&cusPosidonia  appello 

M.  Marcellus,  magnifl- 


§210. 


PREDICATE-NOMINATIVE. 


67 


having  exhibited  a  most  magnifi- 
cent show  in  (his)  aedileship,  died 
very  young. 

The  people  of  Crotona  were 
once  reckoned  among  the  most 
prosperous  in  Italy. 

(He)  who  is  born  unlucky, 
lives  a  sad  life. 

R.  2.  This  city  is  Thebes. 

Formerly  crowns  were  an  or- 
nament of  the  gods. 

That  day  was  the  Nones  of  No- 
vember. 

R.  3,  (1.)  Aristseus  is  said  to 
be  the  inventor  of  olive  oil. 

All  cannot  be  either  skilled  in 
law  or  eloquent. 

(2.)  The  Scythians  always  re- 
mained either  untouched  or  un- 
conquered  by  foreign  power. 

(3,)  (a.)  Socrates  may  justly 
be  called  the  father  of  philosophy. 

The  mind  of  man,  not  his  cof- 
fer, ought  to  be  called  rich. 

(6.)  Servius  Tullius  was  with 
great  unanimity  declared  king. 

P.  Sulla  was  proclaimed  consul 
by  all  the  centuries. 

(c.)  Mercury  is  reckoned  the 
messenger  of  Jupiter. 

Socrates  was  judged  by  the  or- 
acle of  Apollo  (to  be)  the  wisest 
of  all  (men.) 

N.  1.  Xanthippe,  the  wife  of 
Socrates  the  philosopher,  is  said 
to  have  been  very  peevish  and 
quarrelsome. 

N.  2.  You  yourself  are  called 
a  shrewd  and  discriminating  judge 
of  the  ancients. 

R.  4.  Philip,  having  been  giv- 
en to  Alexander,  (when)  a  boy, 


cusft  munus  sedilitas*  edi- 
tus',  dccedo  admodumjw- 
venis. 

Crotoniatae  quondam 
in  Italia  cum  primus  bed- 
tus  numerok. 

Q,ui  natus  sum  inftlix, 
vita  tristis  decurro. 

Hie  urbs  sum  Theba. 

Olim  corona  deus  ho- 
nos  sumk. 

Is  dies  sum  Nones  No- 
vember*. 

Aristaeus  inventor  ole- 
um sum  dico. 

Omnis  non  possum  aut 
jurisperltus  sum  aut  di- 
sertus. 

Scytha  perpetuo  ab 
alienus  imperium  aut  in- 
tactus  aut  invictus  maneo. 

Socrates  parens  philo- 
sophia  jus"1  dico  possum. 

Animus  homo  dives 
non  area  appello  debeo. 

Servius  Tullius  mag- 
nus  consensus  rex  decldro. 

Consul  omnis  centuria 
P.  Sulla  renuntio. 

Mercurius  Jupiter  nun- 
tius  perhibeo. 

Socrates  omnis  sapiens 
oraculum  Apollo  jucttco. 

Xanthippe,  Socrates 
philosophus  uxor,  mord- 
sus  admodum  smnferoet 
jurgiosus. 

Ipse  subtilis  vetus  ju- 
dex  et  call  id  us  audio. 

Philippus,  Alexander 
puer  comes  et  custos  salus 


63  GENITIVE  AFTER  NOUNS.  $  211. 

as  his  companion,  and  the   guar-  datus,  non  ut  rex  modo, 

dian  of  (his)  health,  loved  (him,)  sed    etiam    ut    alumnus 

not  only   as  king,  but  also  as   a  eximius  carltas  diligo. 
foster-child,    with   marked   affec- 
tion. 

R.  5.    In    a   tranquil  sea,    any        QuilTbet    nauta    tran- 

one  of  the  sailors  can  direct  the  quillus    maren     guberno 

ship;   (but)  when  a  furious  storm  possum:  ubi  srevus  orior 

has  arisen,  there  is  need  of  a  man  tempestas,     turn   vir°   et 

and  a  pilot.  gubernator  opus  sum. 

R.  0.    Androgeus       perceived         Androgeus  sentio  me- 

that  he  had  fallen  into  the  midst  dius  delapsusp  in  hostis. 
of  the  enemy. 

"  §  266,  2.  &  §  211,  R.  6.  c  §  234,  II.  *  §  222.  e  §  205,  R.  8. 
/  §  209,  R.  3,  (5.)  *  §  247.  *  §  125,  3.  *  gen.  i  §  257,  R.  5. 
*  §  145,  II.  1.  *  adj.  m  §  247.  "  §  257,  R.  7.  °  §  243.  f  §  249, 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

(  Those,)  who  were"  with  Aristotle,  were  catted*3  Peripatet- 
ics, because  they  disputed0  (while)  walking0  in  the  Lyceum. 
P.  Scipio  Africanus  was  chosen*  a  third  time  prince",  in  the 
Senate.  Cornelia,  of7  the  family  of  the  Cossi,  was  made5  a 
vestal  virgin.  C.  Claudius  Centho,  (and)  afterwards^  P. 
Cornelius  Asina,  were  appointed1  regents  i  by  the  senators*. 
Hail,  (thou)  first'  of  all,  called"1  the  father"  of  (thy)  country! 
That  Phasellus,  which  you  see,  (my)  friends0,  declaresp  that 
(it)  has  been7  the  swiftesf  of  ships8. 

a  §  145,  II.  1.      6  dico.      e  inambulo.      d  lego.      '  princeps.      /ex. 

*  capio.      h  inde.       *  creo.      i  interrex.        *  pater.        l  §  206,  R.  15. 
m  appello.      n  parens.      °  hospes.       *  aio.      «  §  239,  R.  2.       r  celer. 

•  §  212. 

GENITIVE   AFTER  NOUNS. 

§211.  A  noun  which  limits  the  meaning  of  another 
noun,  denoting  a  different  person  or  thing,  is  put  in  the 
genitive. 

The  Athenians  choose  two  Atheniensis  bellum  duo 
leaders  of  the  war  ;  Pericles,  a  dux  deligo,  Pericles,  spec- 


GENITIVE    AFTER    NOUNS. 


man  of  tried  merit,  and  Sopho- 
cles, a  writer  of  tragedies. 

The  statues  of  Polycletus  are 
absolutely  perfect. 

Numa  was  the  founder  of  the 
divine  law,  Servius  the  author  of 
every  distinction  (of  rank)  and 
of  the  orders  in  the  state. 

Modesty  is  the  guardian  of  all 
the  virtues. 

The  countenance  is  a  sort  of 
silent  language  of  the  mind. 

The  wealth  and  resources  of  in- 
dividuals are  the  riches  of  the  state. 

The  power  of  nature  is  very 
great. 

The  life  of  the  dead  consists  in 
the  memory  of  the  living. 

The  vision  of  both  eyes  is  the 
same. 

The  beginnings  of  all  things 
are  small. 

The  race  of  all  the  Gauls  is 
exceedingly  devoted  to  religious 
observances. 

(Those)  descended  from  the 
Sabines,  wished  a  king  to  be 
elected  from  their  own  body. 

The  followers  of  Pompey,  by 
reports  and  letters,  were  publish- 
ing throughout  the  world  the  vic- 
tory of  that  day. 

Erana  was  not  like7  a  village, 
but  (like)  a  city. 

Amidst  almost  impassable  sands 
are  the  pyramids,  raised  like 
mountains  by  the  zeal  and  wealth 
of  kings. 

R.  2.  Hannibal  related  to  An- 
tiochus  many  (circumstances)  re- 
specting his  own  fidelity  and  (his) 
hatred  of  the  Romans. 


tdtus  virtus  vir*,  et  Sopho- 
cles scriptor  tragccdia. 

Polycletus  signum 
plane  perfectus  sum. 

Numa  divmus  auctor 
jus  sum,  Servius  condi- 
tor  omnis  in  civitas  dis- 
crlmen  orduque. 

Gustos  virtus  omnis 
verecundia  sum. 

Vultus  sermo  quidam 
tacitus  mcns  sum. 

Singulus  facultas  et 
copia  divitiae  sum  civitas. 

Vis  sum  permagnus 
natura. 

Vita  mortuus  in  me- 
moria  vivus  pono. 

Idem  obtutus  sum  am- 
bo  oculus. 

Omnis  res  principium 
parvus  sum. 

Natio  sum  omnis  Gal- 
lus  admodum  deditus  re- 
ligio5. 

Oriundus*  abrf  Sablnus 
suus  corpus6  creo  rex  vo- 
lo. 

Pompeianus  per  orbis 
terrab  fama  ac  literae  vic- 
toria is  dies  concelebro. 

Erana  sum  non  vicus 
instar,  sed  urbs. 

Inter  vix  pervius  arena 
sum  instar  mons  eductus 
pyramis  certamen  et  ops 
rex. 

Hannibal  Antiochus 
multus  de  fides  suus  et 
odium  in  Romdnus  com- 
memoro. 


70 


GENITIVE    AFTER    NOUNS. 


$211. 


R.  3.  And  now  my  illustrious 
spirit  will  descend  beneath  the 
earth. 

I  pray  that  there  may  long 
remain  to  the  nations,  if  not  a 
love  of  us,  at  least  a  hatred  of 
one  another. 

R.  4.  Then  the  Salii  celebrate 
in  song  the  praises  and  the  deeds 
of  Hercules. 

R.  5.  The  cause  of  the  poverty 
of  Abdolonymus  was  (his)  hon- 
esty. 

Are  you  my  servant,  or  I 
yours  1 

The  knees  of  the  boldest  sol- 
dier have  trembled  a  little,  when 
the  signal  of  battle  was  given, 
and  the  heart  of  the  greatest  com- 
mander has  palpitated. 

R.  6.  Datames  conducted  to 
the  king,  on  the  following  day, 
Thyus,  a  man  of  very  large 
stature. 

Caesar  sent  to  Ariovistus  Va- 
lerius, a  young  man  of  the  high- 
est valor  and  most  amiable  man- 
ners. 

The  servant  of  Panopio  was  a 
man  of  wonderful  fidelity. 

R.  7.  King  Tarquin  lived  near 
(the  temple)  of  Jupiter  Stator. 

I  have  read  in  what  manner 
you  were  conducted  from  (the 
temple)  of  Vesta. 

Verania,  (the  wife)  of  Piso, 
was  very  sick. 

R.  8,  (1.)  Who  is  there  who 
can  compare  the  life  of  Trebo- 
nius  with  (that)  of  Dolabella  ? 

Agesilaus,  after  he  had  entered 
into  the  port,  which  is  called  (the 


Et  nunc  magnus  ego 
sub  terra6  eo  imago. 

Maneo*,  quseso,  gens, 
si  non  amor  nos,  at  certe 
odium  sui. 

Turn  Salii  carmen  laus 
Hcrculeus  et  factum  fero. 

Causa  Abdolonymus 
paupertas  sum  probitas. 

Tu  ego,  aut  tu  ego  ser- 
vus  sum  1 

Signum*  pugna  datus, 
ferox  miles  paululum 
genu  tremo,  et  magnus 
imperdtor  cor  exsilio. 

Datames  Thyus,  homo 
magnus  corpus*  posterus 
dies  ad  rex  duco. 

Caesar  ad  Ariovistus 
Valerius  mitto,  superus 
virtus* ,  et  humanitus  ado- 
lescens. 

Servus  Panopio  sum 
homo  admirabilis  Jidcs1. 

Habito*  Tarquinius 
rex  ad  Jupiter  Stator. 

Lego,quemadm6dum  a 
Vesta  duco'. 

Verania  Piso  graviter 
jaceo*. 

Quis  sum,  qui  possum™ 
confero  vita  Trebonius 
cum  Dolabella  1 

Agesilaus  quum  venio" 
in  portus,  qui  Meneldus 


GENITIVE    AFTER    NOUNS. 


71 


port)  of  Menelaus,  being  attacked 
with  disease,  died. 

(2.)  Solon  made  it  a  capital 
offence,  if  any  one,  in  a  sedition, 
had  been  of  neither  party. 

Of  what  rank  was  Fidicu- 
lanius?  Of  the  senatorial. 

(3.)  It  belongs  to  a  great  citi- 
zen, and  a  man  almost  divine,  to 
foresee  impending  changes  in 
public  affairs. 

Hamilcar  said,  that  it  did  not 
suit  with  his  valor  to  deliver  up 
to  his  adversaries  arms  received 
from  his  country  for  the  annoy- 
ance of  the  enemy. 

It  is  the  duty  of  a  judge  to 
consider,  not  what  he  himself 
may  wish,  but  what  law  and  reli- 
gion require. 

It  is  the  part  of  a  judicious 
teacher  to  observe  to  what  each 
one's  genius  inclines  him. 

It  is  not  less  the  part  of  a 
commander  to  conquer  by  art 
than  by  arms. 

It  deserves  consideration, 
whether  it  is  the  duty  of  a 
brave  man  and  a  good  citizen 
to  continue  in  that  city  in  which 
he  cannot  be  his  own  master. 

It  is  incident  to  every  man  to 
err;  to  no  one,  except  a  fool, 
to  persevere  in  error. 

It  seems  to  belong  peculiarly 
to  a  wise  man  to  determine  who 
is  a  wise  man. 

The  inexpensiveness  of  Augus- 
tus's furniture  is  apparent,  his 
couches  and  tables  even  now 
remaining,  most  of  which  are 


voco,  in  morbus  implici- 
tus,  decedo. 

Solon  caput  sancio,  si° 
quis  in  seditio  non  alterii- 
ter  pars  sump. 

Fidiculanius  quis  sum 
ordo  ?  Scnatorius. 

Impendens  in  res  pub- 
licus  commutatio  pros- 
picio,  magnus  quidam 
civis  et  divlnus  poene 
sum  vir. 

Non  suus  sum  virtus, 
dico  Hamilcar,  arma  a 
patria  acceptus  ad  versus 
hostis  adversarius  trado. 

Sum  judex,  non  quis 
ipse  volo?,  sed  quis  lex  et 
religio  cogo%  cogito. 

Doctor  intelUgens  sum, 
video,  quo  fero?  natura 
suus  quisque. 

Non  minus  sum  impe- 
rdlor,  consilium  supero 
quam  gladius. 

Considerandum  sum, 
sumne7,  vir  fortis  et  bo- 
nus civis,  sum  in  is  urbs, 
in  qui  non  futurus  sumr 
suus  jus*. 

Quivis  homo  sum  erro ; 
nullus,  nisi  insipiens,  in 
error  persevero. 

Statuo  qui  sum7  sapi- 
ens vel  maxime  videor 
sum  sapiens. 

Augustus  supellectilis 
parsimonia  appareo,  eti- 
am  nunc  residuus  lectus* 
atque  mensa  qui  pie- 


72 


GENITIVE    AFTER    NOUNS. 


§211 


hardly  elegant  enough  for  a  pri- 
vate person". 

It  would  be  tedious,  and  not 
suitable  to  the  work*,  (which  I 
have)  undertaken,  to  discuss  what 
Roman  first  received  a  crown. 

(4.)  Tyre,  founded  by  Agenor, 
brought  under  its  dominion,  not 
only  the  neighboring  sea,  but 
whatever  (sea)  its  fleets  visited. 

All  (property)  which  was  the 
woman's  becomes  the  man's,  un- 
der the  name  of  dowry. 

Thebes  became  (a  possession) 
of  the  Roman  people,  by  the  right 
of  war. 

Hannibal  reduced  under  his 
own  power  the  country  which 
lies  between  the  Alps  and  the 
Apennines. 

(5.)  Plato  occurred  to  my 
mind. 

As  often  as  you  shall  step,  so 
often  may  your  valor  occur  to 
your  mind. 

(6.)  It  has  long  been  my  (part) 
to  lament  (the  state  of)  public 
affairs. 

In  these  so  great  dangers,  it  is 
your  (part,)  Cato,  to  consider 
what  is  to  be  done. 

Who  professes  that  it  is  his 
(part)  to  speak  upon  all  ques- 
tions? 

R.  10.  Sabinus's  backwardness 
in  preceding  days  encouraged  the 
Gauls. 

Caesar,  on  account  of  the  an- 
cient injuries  of  the  Helvetians 
to  the  Roman  people,  sought 
satisfaction  from  them  in  war. 


rusque"  vix  privatus  ele- 
gantia  sum. 

Longus  sum"  nee  insti- 
tutus  opus,  dissero  quis- 
nam  Roman  us  primus 
corona  accipio7. 

Conditus  ab  Agenor 
Tyrus,  mare  non  viclnus 
modo  sed  quicumquey 
classis  is  adeo  ditio  suus 
facio. 

Omnis6  qui  mulier  sum 
virjio  dos  nomen. 

Theba3  oulus  Romd- 
nus  jus 


Hannibal  qui  inter  Al- 
pes  Apenninusque  ager* 
sum,  suus  ditio  facio. 

Venio  ego3*  Plato  in 
mens. 

Quotiescunque  gradus 
facio,  toties  tuaa  tuus  vir- 
tus venio  in  mens. 

Sum  meus  jam  pridem, 
res  publicus  lugeo. 

Hie  tantus  in  peric- 
iilum  sum  tuus,  Cato, 
video  quis  ago7. 

Q,uis  profiteer,  sum 
suus,  de  omnis  queestio 
dico? 

Gallus  hortor  superus 
dies  Sabinus  cunctatio. 

Caesar  pro  vetus  Hel- 
vetii  in']\iria.  populus  Ro- 
manus  ab  is  poena6  bel- 
lum  repeto. 


§  211.  GENITIVE  AFTER  NOUNS.  73 

R.  11.  Now,  O  Muses,  we  Pierides,  magnus  mine 

shall  need66  lofty  language.  sum  os  opus. 

R.  12.  L.  Paulus,  victorious  in  L.  Paulus,  tantus  bel- 

so  great  a  war,  was  not  deprived  lum  victor,  non  despolio 

of  a  triumph.  triumphuscc. 

The  war  with  the  Helvetii  Bellum  Helvctii  con- 
being  finished,  ambassadors  came  fectus,  legatus  ad  Cresar 
to  congratulate  CaBsar.  gratiilordti  convenio. 

a  R.  6.  *  pi  «  §  162,  20.  d  §  246,  R.  2.  *  R.  1.  /  lit.  the  resem- 
blance of,  §  210.  g  §  262,  R.  4.  *  §  257,  R.  1.  i  gen.  1  all.  *  imp. 
1  fern.  sing.  §  265.  m  §  264,  7.  n  §  263,  5,  R.  2.  °  or,  appointed  un- 
der penalty  of  death,  §  247.  *  §  264,  12.  s  §  265.  r  §  266,  1.  '  lit. 
of  his  own  right,  R.  8,  (2.)  <  §  257,  R.  7.  "  §  205,  R.  2,  (2.)  *  lit. 
of  private  elegance.  w  ind.  pres.  x  lit.  not  of  the  work.  y  §  233.  *  §  212, 
R.  3.  oa  R.  5,  1.  «  lit.  there  will  be  need  of.  cc  §  251.  "  §  276,  II. 

The  whole  hope  of  the  people  of  Utica*  was  in  the  Cartha- 
ginians; of  the  Carthaginians,  in  Hasdrubal.  The  Persians, 
after  a  dominion6  of  so  many  years,  patiently  received0  the 
yoke  of  slavery.  If  your  neighbor  hasd  a  garment  of  greater 
value"  than  you  have,  would  you  prefer7  yours,5  or  his  1 
Caesar  adapted'1  the  year  to  the  course  of  the  sun,  (so)  that 
(it)  should  consist1  of  three  hundred  and  sixty-five  days*. 
Marathus,  a  freedman  of  Augustus,  writes,  that  his*  stature 
was  Jive  feet  and  three  fourths1 .  Great  is  the  power"*  of  con- 
science. There  was  a  dispute  of  one  day  upon"  this  one 
subject0.  I  know  not  what  the  opinion  of  the  people  isp  of 
me.  The  proof7  of  eloquence  is  the  approbation  of  the  hear- 
ers1'. The  privation  of  every  pain'  has  been  rightly  called* 
pleasure.  The  whole  life  of  philosophers  is  a  meditation"  on 
death.  You  seem  to  me  to  follow  the  opinion"  of  Epichar- 
mus.  Will  you  make  mention  of  your  consulship  1  The 
life  of  all  (persons)  depends  on"  yours*  alone".  I  admired 
Pompey's  virtue  and  greatness^  of  mind.  The  attack*  of 
Saguntum  was  the  origin™  of  the  second  Punic  war. 
Thales,  the  Milesian,  said,  that  water  was  the  first  principle66 
of  (all)  things.  We  pursue"  health,  strength'^,  freedom" 
from  pain,  on  their  own  account ff. 

0  people  of  Utica,  Uticenses.  b  imperium.  c  accipio.  d  §  261,  2 
*  pretium.  /  malo,  pres.  §  258, 1.  1,  (1.)  e  R.  3,  3d  -paragraph.  h  ao- 
commodo.  *  sum,  §  262.  J  R.  8,  (1.)  *  is,  §  208,  (6.)  *  dodrans 
m  vis.  n  de.  °  res.  p  §  265.  5  effectus.  r  audio,  pres.  part.  '  dolor. 
1  nom!no.  *  commentatio.  •  sententia.  v  ex.  *  unus,  §  205,  R.  13 
7 


74  GENITIVE  AFTER  NOUNS.  §  211. 

y  magnitude.     *  oppugnatio.     aa  causa.     bb first  principle,  principium. 
ec  expeto.     dd  pi.     et  vacuitas.     ff  on  their  own  account,  propter  se. 


GENITIVE. 

R.  6.  Tarquin  had  a  brother  Aruns,  a  young  man  of  mild 
character*.  Volusenus,  a  man  of  great  sagacity1  and  bra- 
very",  was  tribune  of  the  soldiers.  The  lossd  of  Sicily  and 
Sardinia  troubled*  Hamilcar,  a  man  of  greatf  spirit.  Do 
you  reprove*  me,  (you)  man  of  three  letters;  (you)  thief: 
(you)  scape-gallows'1 1  Bibracte  is  a  town  of  very  great  in- 
fluence* among  the  ^Edui.  L.  Quinctius,  the  only-'  hope  of 
the  empire  of 'the  Roman  people,  was  cultivating  a  field  of  four 
acres* ,  across  the  Tiber.  Ambassadors  from  the  Latins  and 
the  HernTci  brought'  a  golden  crown,  of  small  weight,  into 
the  Capitol.  The  breadth  of  the  Hercynian  forest  extends"1  a 
journey  of  nine  days  for  (a  traveller)  unincumbered".  Cresar 
advanced0  three  days'  journeyp.  The  Athenians  committed7 
to  Miltiades  a  fleet  of  seventy  ships.  The  Caspian  sea 
(which  is)  sweeter  (than)  others'",  breeds*  serpents  of  vast 
magnitude,  and  fishes  of  a  very'  different"  color  from  others. 
We  sometimes"  see  clouds  of  ajiery  color.  Caesar  forbade™ 
that  the  camp  should  be  fortified1  with  a  rarnparty,  but 
ordered  a  trench  of  Jiftccn  fuct  to  be  made  in  front*  against 
the  enemy.  A  good  man  is  characterized  by""  the  greatest^ 
piety  towards  the  gods. 

aingenium.  6  consilium.  c  virtus.  d  §  274,  R.  5.  '  &ngo,  imp. 
/ingens.  B  vitupero.  h  scape- gallows,  fur  trifurclfer.  *  auctorftas. 
J  unlcus.  fcjugeris,  §  94.  l  fero.  m  pateo.  "expedltus.  ° procedo. 
'via.  ?do.  T  §  256.  *  alo.  «  longe.  u  diversus.  *  aliquando. 
"  veto.  *  §  272.  y  vallum,  'atronte.  aa  lit.  is  of.  "  supfirus. 

ABLATIVE. 

CsBsnr  is  said0  to  have  been  of  tall  stature,  fair1  com- 
plexion0, darkd  eyes,  and  sound"  health.  Good  health  is 
pleasanter-^  to  those  who  have  recovered^  from  a  severe* 
disease,  than  (to  those)  who  have  never  had'  a  sickly  body. 
Marcellus  labored  under^  unfavorable  reports,  because,  in 
the  middlefc  of  the  summer,  he  had  led'  his  soldiers  to  quar- 
ters at  Venucia"1.  Curio  was  so  devoid  of  memory11,  that 
often0,  when  he  had  laid  down*  three7  (heads)  in  speaking1", 
he  would  add  a  fourth7.  Among*  the  Romans,  scribes  were 
deemed'  mercenaries  ;  but"  among  the  Greeks,  no  one  was 


§  211.  GENITIVE    AFTER   NOUNS.  75 

admitted  to  that  office,  except*  of  respectable0  birth*,  and 
knowny  industry  and  Jiddity.  Cato  was  characterized  in 
all  things  by*  singular  sagacity™  and  industry ;  for  he  was 
a  skilful66  farmer,  experienced"6  in  public  affairs**,  a  great 
commander,  and  a  respectable6'  orator.  Augustus  was  in- 
formed7/  of  what  ageee,  stature,  and  complexion** ,  (every 
one)  was",  who-7'-'  visitedfci  his  daughter  Julia.  Caesar  sent 
to  Ariovistus,  Valerius,  a  young  man  of  the  highest11  valor 
and  courtesy™ 'm. 

atrado.  6candidus.  c  color.  d  niger.  'prosper,  /jucundus. 
*  recreo,  pass.  h  gravis.  *  lit.  been  of.  3  lit.  was  of.  k  §  205,  R.  17. 
*abdaco.  m  §  237.  n  lit.  of  no  memory.  °  aliquoties.  p  propono. 
'  §  205,  R.  7,  (2.)  r  §  275,  III.  4.  *  apud.  '  existlmo.  u  at.  •  nisi. 
v  honestus.  *  locus.  y  cognltus.  z  characterized  by,  lit.  of.  aa  pru- 
dentia.  66solers.  cc  peritus.  dd  respublica,  sing.  "  probabilis. 
//  to  be  informed,  certior  fio,  §  145,  II.  1.  **  eetas.  h*  color.  "  §  265 
H  quicunque.  kk  adeo,  §  26(3,  1.  ll  superus.  mm  human! tas. 

Masinissa  is  induced*,  by  no  (degree  of)  cold6,  to  cover 
his  headc.  The  servants  of  Milo  were  of  faithful  and  reso- 
lute'1 minds'  towards7  (their)  master.  I  have  told*  you  by 
letter71  what  my  feelings1  were-'  towards*  the  farmers  of  the 
revenue'.  Of  those771  men  who  are  of  somen  estimation0  and 
rankp,  there  are  in  every  (part  of)  Gaul  two  classes' ;  the 
oner  (that)  of  the  Druids,  the  other  of  the  knights.  Murena 
was  (a  man)  of  moderate  talents8,  but  of  great  fondness1  for 
ancient  things,  of  much  industry",  and  great  labor".  You 
remember"  how  much  I  was  afflicted™.  Dionysius  commanded 
boys*  of  extraordinaryy  beautyz  to  stand00  near66  (his)  table. 
Between  Labienus  and  the  enemy  there  was  a  river  of  diffi- 
cult passage0  c  and  rugged  dd  banks. 

*  adduco.  6  frigus.  c  lit.  that  he  should  be  of  covered  head. 
d  prsesens.  'animus,  /in.  s  declaro.  h  per  literas.  *  voluntas, 
sing.  1  lit.  of  what  feelings  I  was,  §  205.  *  erga.  *  a  farmer  of  the 
revenue,  publicanus.  "*  is.  n  allquis.  °  numgrus.  p  honos.  5  genus. 
r  alter,  §  207,  R.  32.  *  ingenium,  sing.  *  studium.  M  gen.  "memini. 
w  of  how  great  grief  I  was,  §  265.  *  §  223,  (2.)  yeximius.  z  forma 
aa  consisto.  66ad.  cctransitus.  dd  prseruptus. 

R.  7.  Hasdriibal,  (the  son)  of  Gisgo,  was  a  very  able*  and 
distinguished6  general.  Hasdriibal,  (the  son)  of  Hamilcar, 
was  occupy ingc  a  camp  near  the  Black  Stones,  among  the 
Ausetani.  By  chance  I  see  there  Byrrhia,  (the  servant)  of 
this  (man).  Strato,  (the  disciple)  of  Theophrastus,  aimed* 
(to  be)  a  natural  philosopher" ;  his  (disciple,)  Lyco,  was 


76  GENITIVE    AFTER   NOUNS.  §  211 

copious  *  in  expression*,  (but)  meagre'1  in  matter*.  I  do  not 
suppose'  that  you  are  ignorant*  what'  Antiochus  wrote  in 
opposition  tom  (the  sentiments)  of  Philo. 

*  magnus.      Belarus.      c  habeo,  §  145,  If.     d  volo.     e  a  natural  phi- 
losopher, physlcus.      -^locuples.      g  oratio.      h  jejunus.      'resipse,  pi. 
1  arbitror.     k  to  be  ignorant,  ignore.     l pi.     m  contra. 

R.  8,  (1.)  The  features0  of  the  mind  are  more  beautiful 
than  (those)  of  the  body.  Julius  had  been  the  quiestor  of 
Albucius,  as  you  of  Verres.  Among  the  very  numerous6 
and  great  vices,  there  is  none  more  commonc  than  (that)  of 
ingratitude?.  I  had  rather"  depend  upon7  my  own  judg- 
mentff,  than  (upon  that)  of  all  others. 

"  lineamentum.  6  multus.  c  frequens.  d  ingratus  animus.  '  malo. 
f  to  depend  upon,  sto.  B  §  245,  II. 

R.  8,  (2.)  From*  the  beginning  of  the  Roman  name,  a 
law6  was  established6,  that  no  oned  of  the  Romans  could"  be 
of  more  than7  one  city.  The  law  is,  if  the  father  of  a  family 
dies*'  intestate*1,  let  his  slaves*  and  his  money  belong-*  to  his 
kinsmen*  and  relations'.  Leave  riches  to  the  richm  :  do  thou 
prefer  virtue  to  riches".  The  orator  Arrius  played-',  as  it 
were0,  the  secondp  (part)  after  Crassus5.  The  senate  at 
Nola  was  attached  to  the  Romans* ;  the  common  people  to 
Hannibal.  You  know  me  to  be  wholly*  devoted  to  Pompey1. 

*  inde  a.     6jus.      c  compiiro.      d  ne  quis.      'possum,      f  more  than, 
plus  quam.       *§  261,  R.  1.       ft  intestate.       *  familia,  sing.      J  sum. 

*  agnatus.       *  gentllis.      m  Lit.  suffer  riches  to  be  of  the  rich.      n  §  224. 
•quasi.    p  fern.  pi.     q  gen.     r  lit.  of  the  Romans.     *  totus.     '  lit.  Pom- 
pey's. 

R.  8,  (3.)  Anger,  on  account  of fl  another's5  fault',  is 
(characteristic)  of  a  narrowd  mind* ;  nor  will  virtue  ever  be 
guilty7  of  imitating^  faults'1,  while  she  represses*  (them.) 
Tiberius  wrote  backy  to  the  prefects*,  (who)  recommended4 
that  the  provinces"1  should  be  loaded"  with  tribute":  ("It) 
is  (the  part)  of  a  good  shepherd  to  shearp  (his)  sheep,  not  to 
flay9  (them.")  Pergamus,  Ephesus,  Miletus,  in  shortr,  all 
Asia,  came  under  the  power*  of  the  Roman  people. 

"  ob.  6  alienus.  c  peccatum.  d  angustus.  *  pectus.  /  to  be 
guilty  of,  committo.  s  lit.  that  she  should  imitate,  pres.  §  258,  I.  (3.) 

*  vitium.      *  compesco.      J  to  write  back,rescnbo.      k  prseses.      *  sua- 
deo,  lit.  recommending.     m  §  239.     n  onSro,  §  274,  R.  8,  &  §  270,  R.  3 


GENITIVE    AFTER    PARTITIVES. 


77 


last  clause.     °  §  250.     p  tondeo. 
under  the  power,  fio,  R.  8,  (4.) 


deglubo.      r  denique.      *  to  come 


R.  8,  (6.)  It  is  our  (part)  to  submit0  patiently6  to  the 
wishesc  of  the  people.  It  was  more  becoming  in  youd  to 
celebrate"  the  birth-day  of  Epicurus,  than  for  himf  to  pro- 
vide* by  will,  that  it  should  be  celebrated'.  To  do',  and  to 
suffer  bravely^,  is  (the  part)  of  a  Roman.  This  is  (the 
duty)  of  a  father* ,  to  accustom  *  (his)  son  to  do  right  of  his 
own  accord*,  rather  than'  through  fear  of  another7'1. 

0  fero.  6  modice.  c  voluntas.  d  lit.  it  was  more  yours.  *  ago. 
/  ille,  lit.  than  it  was  his.  e  caveo.  h  fortis,  §  192,  II.  4,  (*.)  *  pa- 
trius.  1  consuefacio.  *  su;\  sponte.  l  rather  than,  potius  in  the  former, 
and  quam  in  the  latter  clause.  m  of  another,  alienus. 

R.  10.  Epicurus  neglected  many  (of  the)  ornaments  of 
style*  of  Plato,  Aristotle  (and)  Theophrastus.  The  faults 
of  early11  youth  of  Thcmistoclcs  were  corrected0  by  great 
virtues.  Activity^  of  genius  is  reckoned'  an  honor7,  on 
account  ofe  the  mind's  passing  over'4  many  things,  in  a 
short  time. 

"oratio.  b  iniens.  eemendo.  d  celeritas.  '  habeo  /laus,  §210 
*  propter.  h  passing  oner,  percursio. 


PARTITIVES. 


.  Nouns,  adjectives,  adjective  pronouns,  and 
adverbs,  denoting  a  part,  are  followed  by  a  genitive  de- 
noting the  whole. 


Mithridates,  the  last  of  all  the 
independent*  kings,  except  the 
Parthian,  was  crushed,  under  the 
auspices  of  Pompey  ,  by  the  treach- 
ery of  his  son  Pharnaces. 

On  the  right  and  left,  about 
two  hundred,  the  noblest  of  his 
kinsmen,  accompanied  Darius. 

R.  1.  Justice  seeks  for  no 
reward. 

7* 


Mithridates,  ulterior 
omnis  jus  suus  rex,  prae- 
ter  Parthicus,  auspicium6 
Pompeius6,  insidioe  films 
Pharnaces  opprimo. 

Dextra  laevaque,  Da- 
rius ducenti  ferine  nobilis 
propinquus  cormtor. 

Justitia  nihil  expete 
premium. 


78 


GENITIVE    AFTER    PARTITIVES. 


No  one  of  mortals  is  wise  at 
all  times. 

R.  2,  (1.)  Of  (all)  the  Greek 
arts,  medicine  alone  Roman  dig- 
nity does  not  practise,  though  so 
profitable. 

Of  insects,  some  have  two 
wings  each,  as  flies;  some  four, 
as  bees. 

(2.)  Black  wool  takes  no  color. 

Degenerate  dogs  bend  their 
tails  under  their  bellies. 

(3.)  The  last  of  all  the  Roman 
kings  was  Tarquin,  to  whom  the 
name  Superbus  was  given  from 
his  character. 

The  Indus  is  the  largest  of  all 
rivers. 

Rome  has  become  the  glory  of 
the  world. 

(4.)  Thales,  the  Milesian,  first 
of  all  among  the  Greeks,  ascer- 
tained the  reason  of  the  eclipse 
of  the  sun. 

In  the  days  of  Phocion,  there 
were  two  factions  at  Athens,  one 
of  which  espoused  the  cause  of 
the  people,  the  other  (that)  of  the 
nobles. 

N.  1.  The  most  excellent  of 
the  Persian  kings"  were  Cyrus 
and  Darius,  the  son  of  Hystaspes  : 
the  former  of  these  fell  in  battle 
among  the  Massagetae. 

N.  2.  No  one  of  us  is  without 
fault. 

I  have  less  strength  than  either 
of  you. 

N.  3.  Give  (me  some)  proof  if 
you  are  (one)  of  these  priestesses 
of  Bacchus. 

Caninius  Gallus,  (one)  of  the 


Nemo  mortdlis  ornnis 
hora  sapio. 

Solus  mediclna  ars 
Graecus  non  exerceo 
Romanus  gravitas,  in 
tantus  fructus. 

Insectum  quidam  bini 
gero  pinna,  ut  musca; 
quidam  quaterni,  ut  apis. 

Niger*  lancf  nullus 
color  bibo. 

Degener  canis  cauda7 
sub  alvus-''  flecto. 

Posterns  omnis  sum 
rex  Romanus  Tarquini- 
us,  qui  cognomen  Su- 
perbus^  ex  mos  do. 

Indus  sum  omnis  flu- 
men  magnus. 

Res  fiopukherh  Roma. 

Ratio  defectus  sol 
apud  Grsecus  investigo 
primus  omnis  Thales 
Milesius. 

Sum'  Phocion  tempus 
Athense  duo  factio,  qui 
units  popiilus  causa  ago, 
alter  optimas. 

Excellens  rex  Persa 
sum  Cyrus  et  Darius, 
Hystaspes  filius :  prior 
hie  apud  Mass  age  tas  in 
prcelium  cado. 

Nemo  ego  sum  sine 
culpa. 

Parvus  habeo  vis"  quam 
tu  utervis. 

Cedo  signum,  si  hie 
Baccha  sum. 

Liber ]  Sibylla  Canini- 


GENITIVE    AFTER   PARTITIVES. 


79 


Quindecimviri,  had  demanded 
that  a  book  of  the  Sibyl  should 
be  received. 

N.  4.  Thales  was  the  wisest 
among  the  seven. 

The  sense  of  sight*  is  the  most 
acute  among  all  our  senses. 

The  Borysthenes  is  the  most 
charming  among  the  rivers  of 
Scythia. 

Themistocles  sent  to  the  king, 
by  night,  (one)  of  his  servants 
whom  he  accounted  the  most 
faithful. 

N.  5.  There  were  two  wives 
of  Ariovistus.  Two  daughters  of 
these  —  the  one  was  slain,  the 
other  taken  captive. 

In  the  beginning  different  kings 
exercised,  some  their  mental,  oth- 
ers their  corporeal  powers. 

N.  6.  BaBtica  surpasses  all  the 
provinces. 

Brutus  proposed  to  the  people 
that  all  the  race  of  Tarquin  should 
be  banished. 

Attains  persuaded  almost  all 
the  Macedonians  to  remain. 

R.  3.  There  is  much  evil  in 
example. 

There  is  much  good  in  friend- 
ship, much  evil  in  discord. 

He  who  has  little  money,  has 
also  little  credit. 

What  business  hast  thou  ? 

The  senate  formerly  decreed, 
that  L.  Opimius  should  see  that 
the  republic  received  no  detri- 
ment. 


us  Gallus  Quindecimvir, 
recipio  postiilo. 

Thales  sapiens  in  sep- 
tem  sum. 

Acer  ex  omnis  noster 
sensus  sum  sensus  video. 

Borysthenes  inter  Scy- 
thia amnis  sum  amcenus. 

Themistocles  noctu  dc 
servus  suus,  qui  habeo 
Jidelis,  ad  rex  mitto. 

Duo  sum  Ariovistus 
uxor.  Duo  Jilia  hie  — 
alter  occido,  alter  capio. 

Initium  rex  diversus  — 
pars  ingenium,  alius  cor- 
pus exerceo\ 

Boetlca  cunctus  provin- 
cia  prsecedo. 

Brutus  ad  populus  fero, 
ut  omnis  Tarquinius  gens 
exsul  sum'. 

Attalus  Macedo  fere 
omnism,  ut  maneo',  per- 
suadeo. 

Sum  multus  malum  in 
exemplum. 

Sum  multus  bonum  in 
amicitia,  multus  malum  in 
discordia. 

Q,ui  habeo  paululus  pe- 
cunia,  habeo  etiam  pau- 
lulus Jides. 

Ecquis  habeo  negoti- 
uml 

Decerno  quondam  se- 
natus,  ut  L.  Opimius 
video,  ne  quis  respublica 
detrimentum  capio". 


GENITIVE    AFTER   PARTITIVES. 


When  king  Attalus  had  bought 
a  picture  of  Aristides  for  six  hun- 
dred thousand  sesterces,  Mummi- 
us,  suspecting  that  there  was  some 
virtue  in  it,  which  he  did  not  un- 
derstand, recalled  the  picture. 

N.  3.  For  a  long  time  no  news 
was  brought  to  me. 

Who  is  ignorant  that  it  is 
the  first  law  of  history  that  (the 
historian)  should  dare  to  utter 
nothing  false  ?  and,  secondly,  that 
he  should  fear  (to  utter)  nothing 
true? 

N.  4.  Apelles  formed,  with 
most  consummate  art,  a  head  and 
the  upper  (parts)  of  the  breast  of 
a  Venus. 

At  Pergamus,  in  the  secret  and 
retired  (parts)  of  the  temple, 
whither  it  was  not  lawful  to  go, 
except  for  the  priests,  timbrels  re- 
sounded. 

R.  4.  Crassus,  along  with  the 
greatest  courtesy,  had  also  suffi- 
cient severity. 

Caesar  was  wont  to  say  that  he 
had  long  since  acquired  abun- 
dance of  power  and  glory. 

In  many  places,  truth  has  too 
little  stability,  and  too  little 
strength. 

Is  it  not  misery  enough  for 
Roscius,  that  he  has  cultivated 
his  estates  for  others,  not  for  him- 
self? 

He  always  has  favorers  enough, 
who  does  right. 

N.  2.  I  was  not  even  suspect- 
ing in  what  part  of  the  world  you 
were. 

Wherever  the  right  of  citizens 


Quum  rex  Attalus  Ar- 
istides tabula  sexies  ses- 
tertium  emo°,  Mummius 
suspicatus  aliquis  in  is 
virtus  sum0,  qui  ipse  nes- 
cio°,  tabula  revoco". 

Jam  diu  nihil  novus  ad 
ego  affero. 

Q,uis  nescio,  primus 
sum0  historia  lex,  ne  quis 
falsus  dico  audeo0?  de- 
inde  ne  quis  verus  non 
audeo0  ? 

Apelles  Venus  capufc 
et  superus  pectus  polltus 
ars  perficio. 

Pergamus,  in  occultus 
ac  reconditus  templum, 
quo  praeter  sacerdos  adeo 
fas  non  sum,  tympanum 
sono. 

Crassus,  in  superus 
comitas,  habeo*  etiam  se- 
veritas  satis. 

Soleo*  dico  Caesar  sui 
jam  pridem  potentia  glo~ 
rmque  abunde  adipiscor. 

Multus  in  locus  parum 
jirmamcntum  et  parum 
vis*  veritas  habeo. 

Parwnne  miseria  sum 
Roscius,  quod  praedium 
suus  alius  non  sui  colo  ? 

Sat  habeo  famtor  sem- 
per, qui  recte  facio. 

Ubi  terra  sum7*,  ne 
suspicor  quidem. 

Ubicunque     terra     et 


GENITIVE    AFTER   PARTITIVES. 


81 


has  been  violated,  it  pertains  to 
the  common  cause  ofliberty. 

I  think  (we)  must  remove  to 
Rhodes,  or  to  some  other  place. 

Our  tyrannicides  are  far  dis- 
tant. 

N.  3.  Tacfarinas  had  arrived 
at  such  a  degree  of  insolence,  as 
to  send  ambassadors  to  Tiberius. 

We  have  arrived  at  such  a 
pitch  of  luxury,  as  to  be  unwill- 
ing7 to  tread,  unless  upon  gems. 

N.  4.  Afterwards  the  consul 
came  into  the  town  (of)  Cirta. 

In  the  mean  time  I  became  ac- 
quainted with  you. 

N.  5.  I  could  wish  that  you 
would  not  neglect  to  write  to  me, 
so  far  as  you  shall  be  able  to  do  it. 

N.  6.  The  next  day  Csesar  has- 
tened on  his  way  to  Bibracte. 

The  day  before,  the  Germans 
could  not  be  restrained. 

N.  7.  Lynxes  see  most  clearly 
of  all  quadrupeds. 

This  concerns  you  least  of  all. 

Sulpicius  Gallus  was  most  de- 
voted to  Greek  literature  of  all 
the  nobles. 


gens  violo"  jus  civis,  is 
pertineo  ad  communis 
causa  libertas. 

Migrandum  Rhodus, 
aut  aliquo  terra  arbltror. 

Noster  tyrannicida  Ion- 
ge  gens  absum. 

Tacfarinas  hue  arro- 
gantia  venio,  ut  legatus 
ad  Tiberius  mitto*. 

Ed  delicia"  pervenio, 
ut  nisi  gemmar  calco  no- 
lo. 

Postea  locus  consul 
pervenio  in  oppldum  Cir- 
ta. 

Tu  interea  locus  cog- 
nosco. 

Volo*  ne  intermitto, 
quoad  is  facio  possum, 
scribo  ad  ego. 

Postridie  is  dies  Cae- 
sar Bibracte  eo  contendo. 

Pridie  is  dies  Germa- 
nus  retineo  non  possum*. 

Lynx  omnis  quadrupes 
cerno  acute. 

Hie  ad  tu  parum  omnis 
pertineo. 

Sulpicius  Gallus  magis 
omnis  nobilis  Graecus  lit- 
erse*  studeo. 


0  lit.  of  their  own  right.  b  §  247.  e  §  9,  2<Z  paragraph.  dfem.  pi. 
*  pi.  /  sing.  e  §  227,  R.  5,  N .  2.  *  lit.  the  most  beautiful  of  things. 
<  §  145,  II.  /  §  239.  *  lit.  of  seeing.  l  §  260,  II.  (2.)  m  §  223,  R.  2, 
3d  paragraph.  n  §  273,  1 .  °  In  what  mood  must  this  verb  be  put  f  — 
By  what  rule?  f  §  265.  *  lit.  that  we  are  unwilling,  §  258,  I.  1,  (2.) 
r  §  229.  •  §  260,  II.  R.  4.  «  §  223.  u  §  260,  II.  •  nom. 

English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Of  animals'1,  some5  are  defended6  with  hidesd,  some  clothed* 
with  shaggy  fleeces *,  some  bristled*"  with  spines;  we  see 
some  covered*  with  plumage4,  others  with  scales'.  Of  all 


82  GENITIVE    AFTER    PARTITIVES. 

unions*,  none  is  more  excellent2,  none  more  firm,  than  when 
good  men,  of  similar  character"1,  are  united"  in  intimate 
friendship".  There  are  two  approaches  from  Syria  into 
Cilicia,  each  of  which,  on  account  of  (its)  narrowness71,  can 
be  blocked  up9  by  small  garrisons7".  He  was  the  worst  of 
you*  all,  because  he  enticed4  (you)  into  a  crime".  No  one 
of  us'  is  the  same  in  old  age,  as"  (he)  was  (when)  a  youth. 
It  is  uncertain  how  long  the  life  of  each  of  us8  will  be". 
The  Roman  power*  was  soy  strong2,  that  it  was  a  match0*,  in 
war,  for  any  onebb  of  the  neighboring60  states.  The  greatest 
of  benefits  are  (those)  which  we  receive"  from  (our)ee  pa- 
rents, while  we  are  either  unconscious77  or  unwilling".  The 
city  (of)  Syracuse  is  the  largest  and  most  beautiful  of  all  the 
Grecian  cities.  Those  of  the  Greek  orators  who  flourished'1'1 
at  Athens  are  the  most  eminent1 ;  of  these  Demosthenes  is 
unquestionably"  thejirstjj. 

0  animang.  b  alius.  c  tego.  dcorium.  *  vestio.  /  a  shaggy 
fleece,  villus.  e  hirsutus.  h  obdueo.  4  pluma,  sing.  J  squama,  sing. 
k  societas.  l  pnEstans.  m  lit.  similar  in  manners.  nconjungo,  perf. 
0  intimate  friendship,  familiarltas.  p  angustia,  pi.  '  praecludo.  r  pra?- 
sidium.  '  §  212,  R.  2,  N.  2.  '  illicio.  u  fraus.  *  qui,  §  207,  R.  27. 
"§265.  'res.  *  adeo.  *  valldus.  aa  par.  "quillbet.  cc  finitlmus. 
dd  accipio.  "  §  207,  R.  36,,  3d  paragraph.  //  nescio,  lit.  know  (it} 
not.  fg  nolo.  fih  sum.  if  facile.  JJ  princeps. 

R.  3.  Caesar  devoted"  (only)  so  much  time  to  these  things, 
as*  (it)  was  necessaryc  for  (one  to  do  who  was)  in  hasted. 
There  was  (only)  .so  much  space  left*  between  the  two  lines7', 
as*  would  be  sufficient*  for*  the  onset }  of  both*  armies.  As 
much  money  (as)  each  one  keeps'  in  his  chest,  .so  much  cred- 
it™ he  has.  Anaxagoras,  when  upon  his  death-bed"  at  Lamp- 
sacus",  replied71  to  his  friends,  who  asked9  (him^  whether**, 
in  case  of  his  decease",  he  wished'  to  be  carried  to  his  na- 
tive place",  Clazomeiiie  :  "There  is  no  necessity"7;  there  is 
from  every  placer  as  ready  a  passage*1  to  the  lower  world*". 
The  Romans  stood  in  battle-array00  from  sunrise66  untilcc 
latedd  in  the  day.  The  Ubii  promise"  to  give  more  hostages, 
if  Ca3sar  wishes77.  I  wns  departing"  from  Athens**,  when 
I  delivered'*  this  letter"  for**  you. 

0  tribuo.  'quantum.  "necesse.  dinh"sfe,  properans.  *  relin- 
quo.  /  acies.  e  ut.  ''•satis.  f  ad.  J  concursus.  *  uterque.  'servo, 
""fides.  "  lit.  when  he  was  dying.  °  §  221,  I.  p  inquam.  ?  who 
asked,  lit.  asking.  T  no  annexed  to  the  verb.  "  lit.  if  any  thing  should 
kapptn  to  him,  §  2G6,  2,  R.  4.  '  |  265.  u  afFero.  •  patria.  w  no  n« 


§  213.  GENITIVE    AFTER    ADJECTIVES.  83 

ccssity,  nihil  necesse.  "from  every  place,  undique.  y  as  ready  a  pas- 
save,  tantundem  vice.  *  lower  world,  inferi.  oaacies.  bb  §  274,  R.  5. 
ccin.  "muitus.  "polliceor.  //§261,2.  se  proficiscor.  ^§255. 
"do.  JJpl.  "ad. 

The  Gauls  were  proposing  this  consolation11  to  themselves, 
that  (they)  should  soon6  recover0  (what  they  had)  lost. 
Hannibal  ravaged*  (that)  territory  which'  is  (situated)  be- 
tween the  city  (of)  Cortona  and  lake  Trasimenus.  Fla- 
minius,  having  passed7  the  defiles^,  saw'1  only  that  (part)  of 
the  enemy1  which  was  in  front7'.  Words  have  hitherto11  been 
of  no  avail1.  I  give  to  you  the  same  counsel  as"1  to  myself. 
What  is  the  reasonn  why  (those)  conversant0  with  Greek  lit- 
eraturep,  read  the  Latin  poets,  (but)  do  not  read  the  philoso- 
phers 1  Exercise  and  temperance  can5  preserve*",  even  to* 
old  age,  some  (portion)  of  the  original'  vigor".  The  colo- 
nists taken*  to  Capua,  when  they  were  breaking  up"  the  very 
ancient*  sepulchres  for  buildingy  their  farm-houses2,  found  a 
considerable  quantity""  of  vasesbb,  of  ancientcc  workman- 
ship". 

0  solatium.  6  celeriter.  c  recupero,  §  272.  d  pervasto.  '  lit. 
what  territory.  /  supero.  e  angustise,  §  257,  R.  5.  h  conspicio. 
*  pi.  J  in  front,  ex  adverse.  k  ad  id  locorum.  l  of  no  avail,  van  us. 
m  qui.  "  causa.  °  erudltus.  *  literse,  §  250.  *  §  209,  R.  12,  (2.) 
r  conserve,  §  271.  *  in,  with  abl.  '  pristtnus.  u  robur.  "  dedu- 
co.  w  to  break  up,  disjicio.  *  vetus.  y  exstruo,  §  275,  III.  R.  3. 
x  villa.  aa  a  considerable  quantity,  aliquantum.  66  vasculum. 
cc  antlquus.  dd  opus. 


GENITIVE  AFTER  ADJECTIVES. 

§213.     A  noun  limiting  the  meaning  of  an  adjec 
tive,  is  put  in  the  genitive,  to  denote  the  relations  ex- 
pressed in  English  by  of,  or  in  respect  of. 

A  mind  conscious  of  rectitude  Conscius  mens   rectus 

laughs  at  the  falsehoods  of  scan-  fama  mendacium  rideo. 
dal. 

Pompey  informed  me  of  his  de-  Pompeius  ego   certus* 

sign.  sui  consilium  facio. 

Ser.    Sulpicius  was   not  more  Ser.  Sulpicius  non  ma- 
skilful  in  law,  than  in  justice.  gis  jus    consultust  quam 

justitia  sum. 


84 


GENITIVE    AFTER     ADJECTIVES. 


§213. 


The  soldiers  of  Sulla,  remem- 
bering their  ancient  rapine  and 
victory,  were  eager  for  civil  war. 

Conon  was  expert  in  military 
affairs. 

In  Plato,  Socrates  feigns  him- 
self ignorant  of  every  thing. 

The  philosophers  of  Gyrene 
commended  virtue  on  this  ac- 
count, that  it  was  conducive  to 
pleasure. 

What  servant  (is)  more  fond 
of  his  master,  than  (is)  the  dog? 

The  route,  by  which  all  were 
accustomed  to  travel,  was  rich, 
and  abounding  in  every  thing. 

Pyrrhus  was  skilful  in  war,  and 
passionately  fond  of  nothing  ex- 
cept sole  and  perpetual  power. 

Man  alone  is  partaker  of  rea- 
son and  thought,  of  which  all  oth- 
er animals  are  destitute. 

Pompey  was  almost  free  from 
all  faults. 

Alexander  was  by  no  means 
unskilled  in  managing  the  minds 
of  soldiers. 


Miles  Sullanus,ropina* 
et  victoria  vetus  memor, 
civllis  bellum  exopto. 

Conon  sum  prudens 
resc  militaris. 

Apud  Plato,  Socrates 
sui  omnis  resb  inscius 
fingo. 

Cyrenaicus  philoso- 
phus  virtus  ob  is  res  lau- 
do,  quod  cjficiens  sum* 
voluptas. 

Q,uis  famulus  amans 
domznus,  quam  canis. 

Via,  qui  omnis  com- 
meoe,  sum  copiosus,  om- 
nisque  res  abundans. 

Pyrrhus  bellum  peritus 
sum,  et  nullus  res  cupidus 
nisi  singularis  perpetuus- 
que  imperium. 

Homo  solus  sum  par- 
ticcps  ratio  et  cogitatio, 
qui  ceterus  animal  sum 
omnis  expers. 

Pompeius  paene  omnis 
vitium  expers  sum*. 

Alexander  sum  haud- 
quaquam  rudis  tractof 
militaris  animus. 


•  comp. 
R.  1. 


pi      c  sing.      *  §  266,  3.     •  §  145,  II.  1.    /  §  275,  III 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  Romans,  that*  they  might  more  quickly5  become* 
possessed11  of  the  victory,  considered*  this,  what  was7  the 
method*  of  transporting71  the  goddess  of  PessTnus*  to  Rome. 
Maroboduus  did  not  permit J  Italy  to  be  indifferent*  to  hia 
aggrandizement1.  Epaminoridas  was  so  observantm  of  trutht 
*hat  he  did  not  utter  a  falsehood"  even  in  jest0.  Darius,  un- 


§  214,  GENITIVE    AFTER    VERBS SUM,  &,C.  85 

able  to  bearp  the  truth,  ordered  a  guest  and  a  suppliant,  at 
that  very  moment7  giving  him  very  useful  advicer,  to  be 
dragged  away*  to  capital  punishment'.  Our  age"  is  not  so" 
barren™  of  virtue,  as*  not  to  have  produced2'  good  examples 
also*.  Gaul  was  SQV  fertile  of  produce**  and  men,  that  the 
abundant  population66  seemed  scarcely  capable  of  being  con- 
trolledcc.  Cicero  grieved^  because"  he  had  lost  by  death 
Hortensius,  the  partner's  of  (his)  glorious  labor.  The 
island  (of)  Pharos  is  not  capable  of  containing8 'e  a  large 
city.  We  are,  by  nature,  most  tenacious  of  those  (things) 
which  we  learn/l/l  in  our  inexperienced^  years. 

a  quo.  b  mature.  c  fio.  d  compos.  •  cogTto,  §  209,  R.  5. 
/  §  265.  g  ratio.  h  §  275,  II.  «  Pessinuntius,  f  211,  R.  4.  1  pa- 
tior,  §  145,  II.  *  securus.  l  incrementum.  m  diligens.  n  to  utter 
a  falsehood,  mentior.  °  §  247.  p  unable  to  bear,  impatiens.  q  at 
that  very  moment,  tune.  r  to  give  very  useful  advice,  maxime  utilia 
suadeo.  *  abstraho.  '  supplicium.  "  saeculum.  *  adeo.  w  ster- 
Tlis.  *  §  262,  R.  1.  y  prodo.  z  et.  aa  frux.  bb  multitude. 
cc  to  be  capable  of  being  controlled,  regi  possum.  dd  doleo,  §  145,  II. 
"  quod.  //  consors.  es  capable  of  containing,  capax.  hh  percipio. 
*'  rudis. 


GENITIVE  AFTER  VERBS. 

§  214.     Sum,  and  verbs  of  valuing,  are  followed  by 
a  genitive,  denoting  degree  of  estimation. 

The  Romans  did  not  allow  the  Romanus  transalplnus 

nations  beyond  the  Alps  to  plant  gens  olea  et  vitis  sero 

the  olive  and  the  vine,  that  the  non  sino,  quo  plus  sum 

olive-yards  and  vineyards  of  Italy  Italia  olivetum  vinea- 

might  be  of  more  value.  que. 

Cato,  leaving  Africa,  took  (with  Ex  Africa  discedens 

him)  the  poet  Ennius,  which  I  Cato,  Erinius  poeta  dedu- 

value  not  less  than  any  Sardinian  co,  qui  non  parvus  cesti- 

triumph  whatever.  mo  quam  quilibet  Sar- 

diniensis  triumphus. 

It  has  been  well  said,  that  the  Tantus  sum  exercitus, 

value  of  an  army  depends  on  that  quantus  imperator,  vere 

of  the  general.  prodo. 

Canius,  an  eager  and  rich  man,  Emo  Canius,  homo 

bought  the  gardens  for  as  much  cupidus  et  lociaples,  tan- 

as  Pythius  wished,  and  on  the  tus  hortus,  quantus  Pythi- 
8 


86 


GENITIVE     AFTER     VERBS SUM,  &C. 


§214. 


following  day,  invites  his  friends. 

It  is  most  disgraceful  to  think 
what  seems  useful  of  more  value 
than  what  is  virtuous. 

Now  that  I  know  the  price 
which  you  will  give6, 1  will  rather 
bring  forward  a  bidder,  than  that 
it  should  be  sold  for  less. 

R.  2.  It  makes  a  great  differ- 
ence how  fathers,  pedagogues,and 
even  mothers,  speak,  whom  each 
one  hears  daily  at  home. 

N.  1.  Consul  is  (derived)  from 
consulting  or  judging,  whence  this 
(form)  still  remains  :  "  He  asks 
that  you  will  consider  as  good," 
that  is,  that  you  will  judge  good. 

N.  2.  If  shrewd  valuers  of 
things  value  at  a  high  (price)  cer- 
tain fields  and  meadows,  how 
highly  ought  virtue  to  be  valued? 

N.  3.  Whether  a  pilot  upsets  a 
ship  (laden)  with  gold  or  chaff, 
makes  some  little  difference  in 
the  (thing  itself;)  none  in  the  ig- 
norance of  the  pilot. 

Alexander,  having  struggled 
but  a  short  time  with  the  knots, 
said,  "  It  matters  nothing  how  it 
is  untied,"  and  cut  the  thongs 
with  his  sword. 


us  volo,  invitoque  pos- 
tridie  amicus  suus. 

Plus  puto  qui  utilis  vi- 
deor°,  quam  qui  hones- 
tus,  turpis  sum. 

Nunc  quum  tuus  pre- 
tium  noscoc,  licitator  po- 
tius  appono  quam  illeff 
parvus,  veneo. 

Magnus  interest  qui 
quisque  audiod  quotidie 
domus*  quemadmodum 
pater,  pedagogus,  mater 
etiam  loquor7. 

Consul  sum  a  consiilo 
vel  a  judico ;  unde  ad- 
huc  remaneo  ille*:  "  Ro- 
go,  bonum  consulok"  is 
sum,  bonum{  judico. 

Si  callldus  res  aestima- 
tor  pratum  et  area  quidam 
magnus  ccstimo ;  quantus 
sum  eestimo-7  virtus? 

Aurum*  navis  everto^ 
gubernator  an  palea*,  in 
res  aliquantulum,  in  gu- 
bernator inscientia  nihil 
interest. 

Alexander,  nequaquam 
diu  luctor  cum  nodus, 
"  Nihil"  inquam,  inter- 
est quomodo  solvo/,"  gla- 
diusque  rumpo  lorum. 


*  §  266,3.  l  lit.  noio since  1 know  ymir  price.  e  §  183,  3,  N.  d  §  266, 
1.  '§221,  I.  R.  3.  /§265.  '  neut.  *  §  262,  R.  4.  *  §  230. 
i  §  274,  R.  8.  *  gen. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

I  see  what"  a  storm  of  popular  odium6  impends  over6  med, 
if  he  shall  resolve*  to  go  into  exile ;  but  it  is  worth  my  while* ', 
provided*  that*  be*  (my)  private  calamity  (alone.)  Epicu- 


§  215.         GENITIVE    AFTER   VERBS  -  MISEREOR,  &C.  87 

rus  makes  nothing  of  pain  *  ;  for   he  says,  that  if  he  were 
burned*,  he  should  say',  "  How  pleasant  this  is  !  "     If  any 

il- 


one  now  pay  only  the  same  house-rent"1  asn  the  augur 
itis  Lepidus,  one  hundred  and  fifty  years  ago",  he  is  scarcely 
acknowledged  as  a  senator.  What  is  necessary**  is  well  pur- 
chased, at  whatever  price*.  The  dangers  of  death  and  of 
exile  (are)  to  be  little  regarded'.  A  wise  man  values'  pleas- 
ure very  little,  and  esteems  no  possession  more  than  virtue. 

«  quantus.  6  popular  odium,  invidia.  c  §  265.  d  §  224.  '  to 
resolve,  indaco  anlmum.  /  lit.  it  is  to  me  of  so  great  (value.)  e  dum- 
naodo.  *  iste.  *  §  263,  2.  i  §  229.  *  uro,  pres.  l  §  270,  R.  3,  last 
claiise.  m  to  pay  so  much  house-rent,  hablto  tanti.  n  §  206,  (16.) 
9  abhinc,  placed  before  the  numerals.  p  necesse.  *  at  whatever  pricet 
quanti  quanti.  T  duco,  §  274,  R.  8.  *  facio. 


Misereor,  miseresco,  and  the  impersonate, 
miseret,  pcemtet,  pudet,  tadet,  and  piget,  are  followed  by 
a  genitive  of  the  object  in  respect  to  which  the  feeling 
is  exercised. 

I  am  not  only  grieved  at  my  Ego"  non  solum  piget 
folly,  but  ashamed  of  (it.)  stultitia  meus,  verum 

etiam  pudet. 

We  pity  more  those  who  do  Is  ego"  magis  miseret, 
not  claim  our  compassion,  than  qui  noster  misericordia 
those  who  demand  it.  non  require,  quam  qui  ille 

efflagito. 

Atticus  never  became  weary  Nunquam  Atticus*  sus- 
of  any  business  which  he  had  un-  ceptus  negotium  perta- 
dertaken.  sum  est. 

Pity  ye  the  Arcadian  king.  Tu  Arcadius  miseresco 

rex. 

(2.)  Socrates  had  enough  of  Socrates  fro*  et  moles- 
female  petulance  and  vexations  tia  muliebris  per  dies  per- 
day  and  night.  que  nox  satago". 

«  §  229,  R,  6.      t  pi,      c  imp 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

I  am  quite0  wearyb  of  life,  every  (thing)0  is  so  full  of  mis- 
v^    You  wished  for*  decemvirs ;  the  senate  allowed  (theml 


88       GENITIVE  AFTER  VERBS RECORDOR,  &C.    §  216. 

to  be  created  :  you  were  weary  f  of  the  decemvirs  ;  the  senate 
compelled  (them)  to  quit*  the  magistracy h. 

*  prorsus.        b  teedet.       c  omnis,  pi.      d  pi.      '  to  wish  for,  desidero. 
/  pertffisum  est.      B  abeo.      *  §  242. 


§216.  Recorder,  memini,  reminiscar,and  obliviscor, 
are  followed  by  a  genitive  or  accusative  of  the  object 
remembered  or  forgotten. 

The  leader  of  the  Helvetii  ex-  Helvetius   dux    Caesar 

horted  Caesar  to  remember  both  hortor,  ut  rcminiscor"  et 

the   former    discomfiture   of    the  vetus  incommodum*  popii- 

Roman  people,  and  the   ancient  lus  Romanus  et  pristlnus 

valor  of  the  Helvetii.  virtus  Helvetius. 

A  wicked  man  will,  some  time  Homo   improbus     ali- 

or  other,  remember  with  sorrow  quando    cum    dolor    fla- 

his  criminal  deeds.  gitinmb,  suusrccordor. 

Caesar   exhorted   the  ^Edui  to  Cohortor  Cossar  ^Edu- 

forget    (their)  controversies    and  us,    ut     controversial    ac 

dissensions.  dissensio  obliviscor. 

I  have  wholly  forgotten  myself.  Prorsus  obliviscor  egob ^ 

Always  remember  this,  that  the  Ilkc    semper   memini  f 

wise    man,    who    cannot    benefit  qui  ipsed  sui"  sapiens  pro- 

himself,  is  wise  to  no  purpose.  sum  nequeo  nequicquam 

sapio. 
«  §  262.      »  gen.      e  ace.      *  §  207,  R.  28.      *  §  224. 

English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

All  (men)  cannot  be  Scipios  or  Fabii,  (so)  asa  to  call  to 
mindb  the  capture*  of  cities,  engagements'1  by  land*  or  sea-^ 
and  triumphs.  Curio  suddenly  forgot  his  whole  causee ,  and 
said  that  it*  had  happenedi  through  the  magic  artsj  and  en- 
chantments1' of  Titinia.  God  himself  commands  thee  to  re- 
member1 death™ .  A  good  man  should  forget  all  injuries™^ 
In  sleep",  the  mind  remembers  (things}  past0,  perceives 
(things)  present,  and  foresees  (things)  future.  It  is  the 
part7"  of  folly  to  perceive7  the  faults  of  others,  and  to  forget 
(one's)  own* '. 

a  §  262,  R.  1,  2d  paragraph,  last  clause.  6  to  call  to  mind,  recorder 
'  expugnatio?  ace.  pi.  d  pugna.  *  by  land,  pedester.  /  by  sea^  iia- 


217.         GENITIVE    AFTER   VERBS   OF    ACCUSING,    &/C, 


89 


ace. 


valis. 

cium.      *  cantio.      l 

p  proprius,  §  222,  R. 


i  206,  (13.) 
183, 3  N. 
*  cerno. 


*fio,  §272.      J 
n  gen.      n  §  253. 


ic  arts,  venefi- 
praetereo,  gen. 


<§>  217.  Verbs  of  accusing,  convicting,  condemning, 
and  acquitting,  are  followed  by  a  genitive  denoting  the 
crime, 

Thrasybulus  proposed  a  law, 
that  no  one  should  be  accused 
nor  fined  for  things  previously 
done. 

Some  persons,  if  they  have 
spoken  rather  cheerfully  in  afflic- 
tion, charge  themselves  with  a 
crime,  because  they  have  inter- 
mitted grieving. 

The  judges  were  so  provoked 
with  the  answer  of  Socrates,  that 
they  capitally  condemned  a  most 
innocent  man. 

Coelius,  the  judge,  acquitted  of 
injury  him  who  had  libelled  the 
poet  Lucilius,  by  name,  upon  the 
stage. 

You  have  brought  yourself  to 
such  a  situation,  that,  before  you 
convict  me  of  a  change  of  judg- 
ment, you  confess  yourself  to  be 
convicted,  by  your  own  judgment, 
of  the  greatest  negligence. 


Thrasybulus  lex  fero, 
ne  quis  anteactus  res  ac- 
cuse neve  multo. 

Quidam,  si  in  luctus 
hilarea  loquor,  peccdtum 
sui  insimulo,  quod  doleo 
intermitto6. 

Socrates  responsum6 
sic  judex  exardesco,  ut 
caput  homod  innocens 
condemno, 

Ccelius  judex  absolve 
injuria*  is,  qui  Lucilius 
poeta  in  scena  nominatim 
laedo. 

In  is  locus  tu  deduco, 
ut,  antequam  ego  com- 
mutatus  judicium  co- 
arguo/,  tu  superus  negli- 
gentia,  tuus  judicium, 
convincos  fateor. 


*  §  256,  R.  9,  2rf  paragraph. 
f  §  263,  3.     *  perf. 


*  §  266,  3.     c  §  247.     *  §  229.    '  pi. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  informer"  accused1'  of  treason6  Apuleia  Varilia,  grand- 
daughter of  the  sister  of  Augustus4*.  Caesar  accused  of  ex- 
tortion* Cornelius  Dolabella,  a  man  of  consular  dignity7,  and 
one  who  had  enjoyed  a  triumph*.  These  two  (things)  con- 
vict* most  persons  of  inconstancy1  and  weakness J  ;  if  they 
8* 


90  GENITIVE  AFTER  VERBS  OF  ADMONISHING,  &C.    §  218, 

either  despise*  a  friend  in  prosperity1,  or  desert  (him)  in 

adversity™. 

a  delator.  6  arcesso.  e  majestas.  d  Begin  this  sentence  with  the 
accusative  and  end  with  the  subject  and  verb.  e  to  accuse  of  extortion, 
postulo  repetundarum.  /  of  consular  dignity,  consularis.  e  one  who 
has  enjoyed  a  triumph,  triumphalis.  Begin  with  the  subject  and  end 
with  the  genitive  and  verb.  *  convince.  *  levltas.  i  infirmitas. 
*  contemno.  '  prosperity,  bonae  res.  m  adversity,  rnalse  (res.) 

<§>  21S.  Verbs  of  admonishing  are  followed  by  a 
genitive  denoting  that  in  respect  to  which  the  admo- 
nition is  given. 

Caecina    admonishes  (his)  sol-  Caecina   miles    tempus 

diers  respecting  their  difficulties  ac  necessitas  moneo. 
and  perilous  circumstances. 

Misfortunes  reminded  (them)  of  Res  adversus  admoneo 

religious  rites.  rcligio. 

We   remind    grammarians   of  Grammaticus    qfficium 

their  duty.  suus  commoneo. 

Jugurtha,  according  as  he  had  Jugurtha    viritim,    uti 

distinguished  each  one,  reminded  quisque  effero,  commone- 

(them)  individually  of  his  favor.  facto  bencficium  suus. 

This  defence  there  is  no  one  Qui     defensio     nemo 

in    Sicily  who  does  not  possess  sum  in  Sicilia,  quin  ha- 

and  read,  and  who  is  not  remind-  beo,     quin      lego,     quin 

ed  by  that  oration  of  your  crime  tuus  scelus  et  crudelitas 

and  cruelty.  ex    ille     oratio     cammo- 

nefio. 

English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

I  admonish'1  scholars6  of  this  onec  (thing,)  that  they  love* 
their  teachers'  not  less  than  their  studies7.  I  loill  advise5 
you  also  somewhat*  respecting*  our  precautions^.  We  are 
warned5  of  many  (things)  by  prodigies k,  of  many  in  the 
entrails  (of  victims.)  I  beg*  (you)  to  admonish11  Terentia 
respecting*  (her)  will.  This  ring  reminded771  me  of  Piso. 

0  moneo.  b  discipulus.  e  ace.  R.  1.  d  §  273,2.  *  preceptor. 
/  lit.  the  studies  themselves.  e  admoneo.  h  altquis,  R.  1.  *  de,  R  1 
i  cautio.  *  ostentum.  J  oro,  §  273,  2.  m  commoneo. 


§220. 


GENITIVE    AFTER    CERTAIN    VERBS. 


91 


<§>  219.  Refert  and  interest  are  followed  by  a  geni- 
tive of  the  person  or  thing  whose  concern  or  interest 
they  denote. 


It  was  more  for  the  interest  of 
the  republic,  that  a  Ligurian  for- 
tress should  be  taken,  than  that 
the  cause  of  M.  Curius  should 
be  well  defended. 

I  will  show  how  much  it  con- 
cerns the  common  safety,  that 
there  should  be  two  consuls  in 
the  state. 

R.  1.  We  inform  (our)  absent 
(friends)  by  letter,  if  there  is  any 
thing  which  it  concerns  either  us 
or  themselves  that  they  should 
know. 

This  very  much  concerns  you, 
O  judges,  that  the  causes  of  re- 
spectable men  should  not  be  esti- 
mated by  the  enmity  or  falsehood 
of  witnesses. 


Plus  intersum  respub- 
lica  castellum  capio"  Li- 
gur6,  quam  bene  defendo" 
causa  M.  Curius. 

Ostendo  quantusd  sa- 
lus  communis  intersum, 
duo  consul  in  respublica 
sumtt. 

Epistola  certus8  facio 
absens,  si  quis  sum,  qui 
is^  scio  aut  noster  aut 
ipse  intersum. 

Vester,  judex,  hie  max- 
ime  intersum,  non  ex  si- 
multas  aut  levitas  testis 
causa  honestus  homo 
pondero. 


gen.  pi.     c  §  278.    d  §  232,  (2,)  last  paragraph.     '  comp. 


GENITIVE  AFTER  CERTAIN   VERBS. 

§  220.     Many  verbs,  which  are  usually  otherwise 
construed,  are  sometimes  followed  by  a  genitive. 


1.  The  horse,  dismayed  at  the 
serpent,  pants  for  breath. 

I  did  not  hear  sufficiently,  nor 
yet  did  (the  nature)  of  (their) 
conversation  escape  me. 

2.  Refrain    from    anger    and 
fierce  contention. 

Cease  at  length  from  tender 
complaints. 


Anhelo  attonitus  ser- 
pens  equus. 

Nee  satis  exaudio", 
nee  scrmofallob  tamen. 

Abstineo  irae  cali- 
dusque  rixa. 

Dcsino  mollis  tandem 
qurrela. 


GENITIVE    OF    PLACE. 


§221. 


It  is  time  to  give  over  the  battle. 
He  communicates  his  plans  to 
his  father's  servant. 

3.  The  prison  had  now  been 
filled  with  merchants. 

The  earth  swarms  with  wild 
beasts. 

These  things  make  me  weary 
of  life. 

Now  you  relieve  me  from  all 
labors. 

4.  Cleanthes,  the  Stoic,  is  of 
opinion   that  the  sun   rules,  and 
holds  the  supreme  power. 

Ser.  Galba  obtained  the  su- 
preme command  by  arms. 

The  Helvetians  were  hoping 
that,  by  means  of  three  very  pow- 
erful nations,  they  should  obtain 
the  command  of  all  Gaul. 


Tempus  desisto pugna. 

Paternus  servus  suus 
particlpo  consilium. 

Compleo  jam  mercdior 
career. 

Terra/era  scato. 

Hie  res  vita  ego  sat- 
uro. 

Ego  omnis  jam  labor 
levo. 

Cleanthes  StoTcus  sol 
domlnor  et  res  potior 
puto. 

Arma  Ser.  Galba  res* 
adipiscor. 

Helvetii  per  tres  potens 
populus  totus  Gallia  sui 
potior  possum  spero. 


imp.       b  pass.       '  pi.       d  gen.  pi. 


GENITIVE   OF   PLACE. 


<§>  221.  The  name  of  a  town  in  which  any  thing  is 
said  to  be,  or  to  be  done,  if  of  the  first  or  second  declen- 
sion and  singular  number,  is  put  in  the  genitive. 


Artemisia,  the  wife  of  Mau- 
solus,  king  of  Caria,  made  that 
noble  sepulchre  at  Halicarnassus. 

There  are  often  such  varieties 
in  the  weather,  that  it  is  different 
at  Rome  and  at  Tusculum. 

Paulus  jjEmilius  went  to  the 
temple  of  Jupiter  Trophonius  at 
Lebadia. 

The  expectation  of  letters  de- 
tains me  at  Thessalonica. 


Artemisia,  Mausolus, 
Caria  rex,  uxor,  nobilis 
ille  Halicarnassus  facio 
sepulchrum. 

Tempestas  tantus  dis- 
similitude saepe  sum,  ut 
alius  Tusculum,  alius 
Roma  sum. 

Paulus  ^Emilius  Leba- 
dia  templum  Jupiter  Tro- 
phonius adeo. 

Ego  literse  expectatio 
Thessalonica  teneo. 


GENITIVE    OF    PLACE. 


93 


Dionysius  taught  children  at 
Corinth. 

I  seem  to  be  at  Rome  when  I 
am  reading  your  letters. 

R.  1.  Conon  resided  for  the 
most  part  in  Cyprus,  Iphicrates 
in  Thrace,  Timotheus  in  Lesbos, 
Chares  in  Sigeum. 

Miltiades  had  (his)  home  in 
Chersonesus. 

(I)  was  not  allowed  to  stay  at 
Malta. 

R.  2.  At  Tarsus,  a  city  of 
Cilicia,  is  a  river  named  the 
Cydnus. 

The  Greeks,  having  heard  of 
the  flight  of  the  king,  resolved  to 
break  down  the  bridge  which  he 
had  made  at  Abydus. 

R.  3.  Tullus  Hostilius  thought 
that  the  bodies  of  the  youths  would 
be  more  healthy  in  service  than  at 
home. 

The  saying  of  Plato  is  too 
sublime  for  us,  lying  on  the 
earth,  to  look  up  to  it. 

Clodius  was  caught  at  Csesar's 
house. 


Dionysius  Corinthus 
puer  doceo. 

Roma  videor  sum  cum 
tuus  liters  lego. 

Conon  multum  Cyprus 
vivo,  Iphicrates  in  Thra- 
cia,  Timotheus  Lesbos, 
Chares  in  Sigeum. 

Miltiades  domus  Cher- 
sonesus habeo". 

Mellta  sum  non  licet0. 

Cilicia  civitas  Tarsus 
flumen  sum  nomen6  Cyd- 
nus. 

GraBcus,  auditus  rex  fu- 
gac,  consilium  ineo  pons 
interrumpod  qui  ille  Aby- 
dus facio. 

Credo  Tullus  Hostilius 
saluber  militia  quam  do- 
mus juvenis  corpus  fore. 

Plato  vox  altus'  sum 
quam  ut  is-^  ego,  humus 
stratus,  suspicio  possum. 

Clodius  deprehendo 
domus  Csesar. 


a  imp.      *  §  250. 
clause,      f  §  229. 


c  §  257,  R.  5.      d  §  275,  II.      e  §  256,  R.  9,  last 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

In  war,  Laslius  honored0  Scipio  as  a  god ;  at  home,  Scipio 
venerated5  Laelius  as  a  parent0.  The  mother  of  Darius'*,  when 
the  news'  of7  Alexander's  death  was  brought0"  (to  her,)  put 
on'1  mourning1,  and,  tearing^  (her)  hairfc,  threw'  her  body  on 
the  ground1".  Hercules  is  honored0  most  at  Tyre. 


colo.     6  observe. 


/  de.      *  perfero,  §  257,  R.  1. 
*  crinis,  §  157,  R.  5      *  abjicio. 


lit.  in  place  of  a.  parent.     d  §  279,  10.     '  fama. 
sumo.      *  vestis  lugubris.      J  lacSro, 
m  end  with  accusative  and  verb. 


94 


DATIVE    AFTER    ADJECTIVES. 


§222 


DATIVE   AFTER  ADJECTIVES. 

§  222.  A  noun  limiting  the  meaning  of  an  adjec- 
tive, is  put  in  the  dative,  to  denote  the  object  or  end  to 
which  the  quality  is  directed. 


The  Jugurthine  war  was  car- 
ried on  by  Q,.  Metellus,  second 
to  no  (man)  of  his  age. 

Q.  Catulus  said  that  Pompey 
was  indeed  an  illustrious  man, 
but  already  too  great  for  a  free 
state. 

The  Lacedemonians  were 
wont  to  consider  rather"  what 
was  useful  to  their  own  rule, 
than  to  the  whole  of  Greece. 

The  degrees  of  honor  are 
equal  to  the  highest  and  lowest 
men;  (those  of)  glory  unequal. 

Nothing  is  more  suitable  to  the 
nature  of  man  than  beneficence 
and  liberality. 

Who  (is)  dearer  to  a  brother 
than  a  brother  ? 

Death  is  common  to  every  age. 

I  see  not  why  the  son  might 
not  have  been  like  the  father. 

His  death  was  correspondent 
to  a  life  spent  in  the  most  virtu- 
ous and  honorable  manner. 

I  think  it  necessary  for  me  to 
philosophize. 

You  have  done  (what  is)  very 
agreeable  to  me,  in  sending  me 
Serapion's  book. 

Your  discourse  against  Epi- 
curus was  pleasing  to  our  (friend) 
Balbus. 


Bellum  Jugurthmus 
gero  per  d.  Metellus0, 
nullus  secundus  saeculum 
suus. 

Q,.  Catulus  dico  sum 
quidem  praeclarus  vir6 
Pompeius,  sed  nimius  jam 
liber  respubUca. 

Lacedcemonius  is  po- 
tius  intueor,  quis  ipse 
dominatio,  quam  quis  uni- 
versus  Grcecia  utilis  sumd. 

Honor*  gradus  superus 
homo  et  inferus  sum  par  ; 
gloria  dispar. 

Beneficentia-^  ac  libe- 
ralltas  nihil  sum  natura 
homo  accommodatus. 

Quis  amicus  frater 
quam  frater? 

Mors  communis  sum 
omnis  &tas. 

Non  video  cur  filius 
non  pater  similis  sum 
possumd. 

Is  mors  consentaneus 
vita  sum  sancte  honeste- 
que  actus. 

Ego  philosopher  arbi- 
tror  necessc  sum. 

Facio  ego  pergrdtus, 
quodff  Serapion  liber  ad 
ego  mitto. 

Jucundus  Balbus  nos- 
ter  sermo  tuus  contra 
Epicurus  sum. 


DATIVE  AFTER  ADJECTIVES. 


95 


Antony  is  equal  to  Catiline  in 
wickedness. 

The  enemy  is  at  Cyrrhestica, 
which  part  of  Syria  is  adjoining 
to  my  province. 

Why  have  you  been  so  familiar 
with  him,  as  to  lend  him  money  1 

I  fear  lest  the  name  of  philoso- 
phy may  be  hateful  to  some  good 
men. 

Men  can  be  very  useful  to 
men. 

R.  1.  The  defeat  of  the  Athe- 
nians happened,  not  by  the  valor 
of  their  adversaries,  but  by  their 
own  insubordination ;  because, 
not  obeying  their  commanders, 
they  wandered  about  the  fields. 

Let  the  overseer  be  obedient  to 
(his)  master. 

R.  2.  Thou  art  like  thy  master. 

The  investigation  of  truth  is 
peculiar  to  man. 

This  is  indeed  common  to  all 
the  philosophers. 

The  family  of  D.  Brutus  was 
not  averse  to  the  design. 

R.  3.  I  am  conscious  of  no 
offence. 

R.  4.  I  spend  all  (my)  time  in 
these  studies,  that  I  may  be  the 
better  prepared  for  practice  in 
the  forum. 

R.  5.  Jugurtha  stations  his 
foot-soldiers  nearer  the  mountain. 

The  Ubii  live  nearest  to  the 
Rhine. 

R.  6.  This  accorded  with  the 
letters  which  I  had  received  at 
Rome. 

Often  you  appeared  somewhat 
impudent,  which  is  very  foreign 
from  your  true  character. 


Antonius  scelus*  par 
sum  Catillna. 

Hostis  sum  in  Cyr- 
rhestica, qui  Syria  pars 
propior  sum  provincia 
noster. 

Cur  tarn  familidris  hie 
sum,  ut  aurum  commodo? 

Vereor,  ne  quidam  bo- 
nus vir  philosophia  no- 
men  sum  invisus. 

Homo  homo  maxime 
utilis  sum  possum. 

Clades  Atheniensis 
non  hostis  virtus  sed 
ipse  immodestia  accido ; 
quod  non  dictum  audiens 
imperdtor  suus  dispalor 
in  ager. 

Villicus  dominus  dic- 
tum audiens  sum*. 

Dominus  similis  sum. 

Inquisitio  verum  sum 
proprius  homo. 

Hie  quidem  cornmunis 
sum  omnis  philosophus. 

Domus  D.  Brutus  non 
alienus  consilium  sum. 

Ego  nullus  noxaj  con- 
scius  sum. 

Ego  omnis  tempus  in 
hie  studium  consume, 
quo  pardtus  ad  usus  fo- 
rensis  sum  possum*. 

Jugurtha  propior  mom 
pedes  colloco. 

Ubii  propior  Rhenus 
incolo. 

Is  sum  conscntaneus 
cum  is  litercB,  qui  ego 
Roma  accipio. 

Saepe,  qui'  a  tu  alienus 
sum,  subimpiidens  videor 


96  DATIVE  AFTER  VERBS.  §  223. 

R.  7.  Homer  has  sunk  to  the  Homerus  idem  alius 
same  repose  as  others.  sopio"1  quiesn. 

*  §  247,  R.  4.  b  §  210.  e  lit.  this  rather.  d  §  265.  •  pi.  /  §  256 
B  §  273,  6.  A  §  250.  i  §  260,  R.  6.  J  §  213.  *  §  262.  «  §  206,  (13.) 
m  pass.  n  §  249. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

It  is  proper0,  first  to  be  (one's)  self6  a  good  man,  then  to 
seekc  another  like  one's  selfd.  Agitation  of  mind  is  natural" 
to  us.  Fame  is  never  equal  to  thy  labor.  The  system f  of 
the  Cynics  is  unfriendly5  to  modesty*1,  without  which  there 
can  be  nothing  right,  nothing  virtuous1'.  It  is  easy  for  an 
innocent  (man)  to  find  words ;  it  is  difficult  for  a  miserable 
(man)  to  observe^  due  bounds*  in  (his)  words'.  The  change 
of  an  inveterate  habit"1  is  disagreeable1  to  elderly0  (men.) 
Mostp  (persons)  say  that  their  own7  dangers  are  nearer  to 
themq  than  (those)  of  others.  Reason  is  the  peculiar'  good 
of  man ;  other  (things)  are  common  to  him  with  the  animals. 
Many  punishments'"  are  not  less  disgraceful'  to  a  prince, 
than  many  funerals  to  a  physician.  We  wish  to  be  rich,  not 
for  ourselves  alone,  but  for  our  children,  relatives1,  friends, 
and,  most  of  all",  for  the  republic. 

•  par.  b  (one's)  seJf,  ipse.  c  quaero.  d  one's  self,  sui,  R.  2.  '  pro- 
prius.  /  ratio.  e  inimlcus.  h  verecundia.  *  honestus.  i  teneo. 
k  due  bounds,  modus.  '  gen.  m  mos.  n  gravis.  °  comp.  ?  pie- 
rusque.  »  §  208.  r  supplicium.  '  turpis. 
all,  maxime. 


DATIVE  AFTER  VERBS. 

<§>  223.  A  noun,  limiting  the  meaning  of  a  verb,  is 
put  in  the  dative,  to  denote  the  object  or  end,  to  or  for 
which  any  thing  is,  or  is  done. 

We  ought  to  grant  much  to  Tribuo  multus  senec- 

old  age.  tus  debeo. 

Mithridates  promised  the  king  Mithridates  polliceor 

that  he  would  kill  Datames,  if  the  rex  sui  Datames0  inter 


223. 


DATIVE    AFTER    VERBS. 


97 


king  would  allow  him  to  do  what 
he  pleased. 

The  high-priest  committed  to 
writing  the  events  of  every  year, 
and  exhibited  the  tablet  at  (his) 
house,  that  the  people  might  have 
the  means  of  becoming  acquaint- 
ed (with  them). 

Clisthenes  intrusted  the  dowry 
of  his  daughters  to  the  Samian 
Juno. 

You  must  be  the  servant  of 
philosophy,  that  true  liberty  may 
be  your  portion-'. 

Give  attention  to  your  health, 
to  which  hitherto,  while  you  have 
been  attending  upon  me,  you  have 
not  had  sufficient  regard. 

Why  do  you  yield,  and  give 
way  to  fortune  ? 

Different  duties  are  allotted  to 
different  ages. 

He  did  not  perceive  that  he 
had  given  immortality  to  mortal 
things. 

Your  (servant,)  Nicanor,  ren- 
ders me  excellent  service. 

A  share  of  my  trouble  I  impart 
to  no  one;  of  my  glory  to  all 
good  (men.) 

Verres  paid  nothing  to  the  cities 
for  corn. 

I  have  no  one  to  whom  I  owe 
more  than  to  you. 

R.  2.  No  man  can  serve  pleas- 
ure and  virtue  at  the  same  time. 

He  will  not  resist  anger,  to 
whom  nothing  has  ever  been 
denied. 

It  is  established  by  nature,  that 
9 


ficio6,  si  is  rex  permitto', 
ut,  quicunque  volod,  licet* 
facio. 

Pontifex  maximus  res 
omnis  singulus  annus 
mando*  liter 'ce,  et  pro- 
pono7  tabula  domus,  po- 
testas  ut  sum  populus 
cognosce^. 

Clisthenes  Juno  Sami- 
us  filia  dosA  credo. 

Philosophia  servio1 
oportet,  ut  tu  contingo 
verus  libertas. 

Indulgeo  valetudo  tu- 
us,  qui  quidem  tu  adhuc, 
dum  ego  deservio,  servio 
non  satis. 

Cur  succumbo,  cedoque 
fortuna  ? 

Officium  non  idem  dis- 
par  at  as  tribuo. 

Non  sentio,  sui  res 
mortalis  immortalitas  do. 

Nicanor  tuus  opera 
ego  do  egregius. 

Onus  meus  pars  nemo 
impertio ;  gloria  bonus 
omnis. 

Civitas  pro  frumentum 
Verres  nihil  solvo. 

Ego  habeo  qui  plus 
quarn  tu  debtok  nemo. 

Voluptash,  simul,  et 
virtus  nemo  servio  pos- 
sum. 

Non  resisto  ira,  qui 
nihil  unquam  nego. 

Natura   constituo1,   ut 


DATIVE    AFTER   VERBS.  §  223. 

it  is  not  lawful  to  injure  another,  non   licet*  suus   commo- 

for  the  sake  of  one's  own  advan-  dum  causa™  noceo  alter. 
tage. 

Venus  married  Vulcan.  Venus  nubo  Vulcdnus. 

Hannibal  persuaded  Antiochus  Hannibal      Antiochus 

to  go  with  (his)  armies  into  Italy,  persuadeo,  ut  cum   exer- 

citus  in  Italia  proficiscor. 

(2.)    Caesar  directed  that  two  Csesar  duo  acies  hostis 

battalions  should  repel  the  enemy,  propulso,     tertius     opus 

(and)  the  third  should  complete  perficiojubeo. 
the  work. 

*  §  80,  IV.  *  §  270,  R.  3,  last  clause.  e  §  266,  3.  <*  §  266,  1. 
'§262.  /§  145,11.1.  *  §275,  III.  R.I,  (1.)  *  pi.  *  §  262,  R.  4. 
J  lit.  may  accrue  to  you.  *  §  264,  7.  *  perf.  m  §  247. 

English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

If,  after  you  have  taken  food,  you  seem  to  yourself*  able5 
to  follow6  me,  it  is  for  you  to  determine4.  The  moderate 
and  wise  man  will  obey'  thef  old  precept,  and  never*  either 
rejoice*  or  grieve  immoderately4.  Caesar  demanded*  ten 
hostages  from  the  enemy.  Nature  has  not  been  so  hostile* 
and  unfriendly  to  the  human  race1  as"*  to  have  devisedn  so 
many  salutary  things  for  the  body0 ,  but  none  for  the  mind0. 
I  was  not  born  for  a  single*"  corner;  this  whole  world  is  my 
native  country7.  Many,  when  they  acquire*"  wealth*,  know 
not /or  whom  they  acquire1,  nor  for  whose  sake*  they  labor*. 
Excessive"  liberty  issues"  in  excessive  servitude,  both  for 
nations™,  and  individuals*.  (He)  who  wishes  his  virtue  to 
be  made  publicy,  labors  not  for  virtue,  but  for  glory. 

0  tu,  §  132,  5<A  paragraph,  last  clause.  6  lit.  to  be  able.  e  consSquor. 
d  it  is  for  you  to  determine,  tuum  est  consilium.  *  pareo.  /  207,  R.  24. 

*  and  never,  neque  before  and  unquam  after  the  verb.      h  laetor.      *  ni- 
mis.     i  impero,  with  the  accusative  of  the  thing  demanded.      *  infensus. 
1  lit.  the  race  of  men.       m  §  262,  R.  1.       n  invenio.       °  pi.      *  unus. 
5  Put  the  predicate-nominative  before  the  verb.     r  paro.     *  ops.     *  §  265 
"  nimius.     *  cado.     w  populus.     *  privatus.      y  to  make pu blic,  publico . 

*  causa,  §  247. 

Asa,  if  a  house  is6  beautiful,  we  understand6  that  it*  has 
been  built  for  its  owners',  not  for  the  mice,  so^  we  oughtff  to 
think'1  (this)  world  the  dwellingi  of  the  gods.  Caesar  more 
readily-'  promised  the  soldiers  of  Antony*  life  and  pardon, 


§  224      DATIVE  AFTER  COMPOUNDED  VERBS.          99 

than  they1  were  persuaded™  to  implore"  them0.  Young  men 
should*  aim  atp  great  (objects,)  and  strive9  forr  them  with 
undiverted*  zeal',  which"  they  will  do  with  so  much"  firmer 
a  mind,  because  that  age1  is  not  only10  not  envied"1,  but* 
even  favored  m.  Men  chieflyv  envy  (their)  equals  or  inferi- 
ors ;  but*  even  superiors  are  sometimes0*  envied m.  I  was 
never  less  pleased  with  myself bb  than  yesterdaycc,  for,  in 
complying  with  the  wishes**  of  young  menee,  I  forgot  that  I 
was  an  old  man.  I  icas  pleased  with  my  edict  •ff,  he  with  his. 

a  ut.  *  §261,  2.  c  intelligo.  d  §  239.  •  dommus.  /sic.  *  de- 
beo.  h  existimo.  *  §  230.  J  cito.  *  Antonianus,  §  211,  R.  4. 
1  §  223,  R.  2,  "3d  paragraph,  last  clause,  &  §  234,  I.  N.  2d  paragraph. 
m  pass,  impers.  §  184,  2.  n  precor,  lit.  that  they  should  implore. 
0  §  205,  R.  2,  (2.)  p  to  aim  at,  specto.  ?  contendo.  r  ad.  *  rectus. 
«  studium.  M  §  206,  (13.)  •  eo,  §  256,  R.  16.  "  modo.  *  verdm. 
y  maxime.  z  sed.  aa  aliquando.  bb  lit.  pleased  myself,  placeo. 
cc  §  253.  dd  to  comply  icith  the  wishes,  obsgquor.  "  lit.  who,  while  I 
yield  to  young  men,  forgot,  <^c.  //  lit.  my  edict  pleased  me,  fyc. 


§  224.  Many  verbs  compounded  with  these  eleven 
prepositions,  ad,  ante,  con,  in,  inter,  ob,  post,  pr<e,  pro, 
sub,  and  super,  are  followed  by  the  dative. 

New  names  are  to  be  given  to  Impono"  novus  novus 

new  things.  res  nomen. 

M.  Antony  imposed  laws  on  M.  Antonius  lex  civitas 

the  state  by  violence.  per  vis6  impono. 

Men  do  very  much  good  and  Homo  multum  homo  et 

harm  to  men.  prosum  et  obsum. 

Nothing  flourishes  forever ;  age  Nihil  semper  floreo  : 

succeeds  to  age.  setas  succedo  <ztas. 

Antony  was  desirous  of  placing  Ccesar  diadema  impo- 

a  diadem  on  Caesar.  no  volo  Antonius. 

Many  and  various  kinds  of  Multus  et  varius  im- 

death  hang  over  mankind.  pendeo  homo  genus  mors. 

There  is  in  youth  the  greatest  Adolescentia  insum 

weakness  of  judgment.  magnus  judicium  imbe- 

cillitas. 

These  adjoining  gardens  bring  Plato  ille  hortiilus  pro- 

the  memory  of  Plato  to  my  mind,  pinquus  memoria  ego  af- 

fero. 


100 


DATIVE  AFTER  COMPOUNDED  VERBS. 


§224. 


This  I  cannot  commend,  that 
Pompey  did  not  relieve  such  men. 

My  books,  my  studies,  my 
learning,  are  now  of  no  service 
to  me. 

The  poets  make  a  rock  hang 
over  Tantalus  in  the  shades  be- 
low. 

On  this  account  only  you  think 
you  ought  to  be  preferred  to  me. 

The  spear  of  Caesar  gives  both 
hope  and  confidence  to  many 
wicked  (men.) 

I  prefer  not  the  death  of  Epam- 
inondas  or  Leonidas  to  the  death 
of  this  (man.) 

Consider  Democritus,  Pythag- 
oras, Anaxagoras !  What  king- 
doms, what  riches  will  you  prefer 
to  their  studies  and  pleasures  ? 

As  long  as  you  laid  plots 
against  me,  (being)  consul-elect, 
I  defended  myself  by  my  own 
care,  not  by  a  public  guard. 

Let  the  boy  rise  up  to  his 
elders. 

A  poet  does  wrong  when  he 
attributes  a  virtuous  speech  to  a 
worthless  man ;  or  to  a  fool  (the 
speech)  of  a  wise  man. 

Who  can  prefer  unknown  per- 
sons to  known,  impious  to  reli- 
gious ? 

It  does  not  suit  the  character 
of  a  good  man  to  do  one  (thing) 
publicly  and  another  secretly. 

R.  1.  He  is  liberal,  who  takes 
from  himself  what  he  gives  to 
another. 

R.  2.      Caesar    wrested    (his) 


Hie,  quod  talis  vir 
Pompeius  non  subve?iiot 
laudo  non  possum. 

Nunc  ego  nihilc  liber, 
nihil  literae,  nihil  doctrma 
prosum. 

Poeta  impendeo  apud 
inferi  saxum  Tantalus 
facio. 

Hie  unus  resd  tu  ego 
antcfero  puto  oportet. 

Hasta  Caesar  multus 
improbm  et  spes  affero  et 
audacia. 

Non  ego  Epaminon- 
das,  non  Leonidas  mors 
hie  mors  antepono. 

Confero  Democritus, 
Pythagoras,  Anaxagoras! 
Qui  regnum,  qui  opes 
studium  is  et  delectatio 
antepono  1 

Quamdiu  ego,  consul 
designatus,  insidior,  non 
publicus  ego  presidium 
sed  privatus  diligentia 
defendo. 

Puer  major -es  assurgo" . 

Pecco  poeta,  quum 
probus  oratio  affingo  im- 
probus,  stultusve  ^  sapi- 
ens. 

Quis  possum  ignotus 
notus,  impius  rcligiosus 
antefero. 

Non  convenit  vir  bo. 
nus  alius  palam  alius  ago 
secreto. 

Liberalis  sum,  qui,  qu. 
alter  dono,  sui  detrdko. 

Caesar    Deiotarus    te- 


DATIVE  AFTER  COMPOUNDED  VERBS. 


101 


tetrarchy  from  Deiotarus,  and 
gave  it  to  some  man  of  Per- 
gamus,  a  follower  of  his. 

What  is  wanting  to  this  (man,) 
except  property  and  virtue  ? 

Brutus  abrogated  the  authority 
of  his  colleague. 

Our  ancestors  intended  that  a 
patron  should  never  be  wanting 
to  any  (even)  the  humblest  in  the 
Roman  state. 

R.  3.  The  house  of  Agesilaus 
was  furnished  in  such  a  manner, 
as  to  differ  in  no  respect  from 
any  one  belonging  to  a  poor  and 
private  citizen. 

R.  4.  Timotheus  added  the 
glory  of  learning  to  military  re- 
nown. 

Compare  our  longest  life  with 
eternity. 

There  are  many  circumstances 
in  which  good  men  make  great 
sacrifices  of  their  own  conve- 
nience. 


trarchia  cripio  et  assecla 
suus  Pergamenus,  riescio 
quiff,  do. 

Quis  hie  absum.  nisi 
res  et  virtus? 

Brutus  collega  suus 
imperium  abrogo. 

In  civitas  Romanus 
nemo  unquam  inferus 
majores  noster  patronus 
desum  volo. 

Agesilaus  domus  sic 
sum  instructus,  ut  nullus 
in  res  differo  quivis  inops* 
atque  privatus. 

Timotheus  ad  bellicus 
laus  doctrina  gloria  adji- 
cio. 

Confero*  noster  longus 
vita  cum  aternitas. 

Multus  res  sum,  in  qui 
vir  bonus  multus  de  suus 
commodum  detraho* . 


a  §  274,  R.  8.  *  §  247,  R.  4.  <  §  234,  II.  *  §  247.  •  §  260,  R.  6. 
f  §  279,  3,  3d  paragraph.  e  lit.  to  a  Pergamenian,  I  know  not  whom. 
h  gen.  *  §  162,  4.  1  lit.  take  much  from. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Those  precepts  sinka  deeper6,  which  are  impressed  upon 
tender  years1 '.  It  is  the  characteristic^  of  an  angry  (man) 
to  desire"  to  inflict f  as  much  pain  as  possible6"  on  him  by 
whom  he  thinks  himself*  injured*.  The  nose  is  so  placed  * 
that  it  seems  to  be  interposed k  like*  a  wall  between  the  eyes. 
Faults'7*  creep  upon"  us  under  the  name  of  virtues.  Alex- 
ander, as0  he  was  riding-  towards13  the  walls,  was  struck* 
with  an  arrow ;  he  took  the  town,  however ;  and  all  its 
inhabitants  being  put  to  the  swordr,  he  vented  his  fury*  even 
on  the  houses1.  Manlius  was  less  influenced"  by  affection* 
9* 


102        DATIVE  AFTER  COMPOUNDED  VERBS.      §  225. 

for  his  son™,  than  the  public  good.  Agesilaus  preferred"  a 
good  reputation  to  the  most  wealthyy  kingdom.  Vulcan  is 
said*  to  have  presided  overaa  a  workshop1*  at  Lemnoscc. 

"  descendo.  6  alte.  c  setas.  d  it  is  the  characteristic,  proprium  est. 
'  cupio.  /  inuro.  e  as  much  as  possible,  quam  maximus.  h  thinks 
himself,  lit.  he  seems.  *  laedo,  §  210,  R.  1.  J  loco,  perf.  k  interjicio. 
1  quasi.  m  vitium.  n  to  creep  upon,  obrepo.  °  dum.  p  to  ride  to- 
wards, obequito.  q  ico.  r  to  put  to  the  sword,  Irucido.  *  to  vent  one's 
fury,  saevio,  pass,  impcrs.  '  tectum.  u  to  be  less  influenced,  posthabeo. 

*  ace.  §  229.     w  gen.  §  211.      *  prsepdno.      y  opulens.     x  trado.     aa  to 
preside  over,  pracsum.     bb  fabrica.     cc  §  221,  I.  R.  1. 

We  often  puta  ducks'  eggs  under  hens,  the  young5  born6 
from  which*  are  at  first  fede  by  them7  as  by  (their)  mothers7. 
Marcellus,  returning*  from  AgrigentumA,  came  upon1  the 
enemy  J  (who  were)  fortifying*  (themselves.) 

R.  4.  Snatch1  us  from  (our)  miseries ;  snatch  us  from 
the  jaws  of  those  whose  cruelty  cannot  be  satiated771  by  our 
blood.  The  knowledge  of  philosophy  is  included11  in  a  per- 
fect orator;  eloquence  is  not,  as  a  matter  of  course0,  included 
in  philosophy.  In  India,  a  woman  is  placed  alongp  with 
her  husband7  on  the  funeral  piler '. 

•  suppono.      6  pullus.      c  ortus.      d  §  24G,  R.  2.      e  alo.     /  §  248,  I. 

*  redeo.     h  §  255,  R.  2.     *  to  come  upon,  supervenio.    J  pi.     k  munio. 
1  eripio.     m  expleo.     n  to  be  included,  insum.      °  as  a  matter  of  course, 
continue.     p  unk.     3  vir.     T  funeral  pile,  rogus. 


§  225.     Verbs    compounded   with  satis,  bene,  and 
male,  are  followed  by  the  dative 

NsBvius  demanded  of  Cn.  Dola-        Naevius    a   Cn.    Dola- 

bella,  the  praetor,  that  duintius  bella  praetor   postulo,  ut 

should  give  security  to  him  that  SMI  duintius  judicatum" 

the  judgment  should  be  satisfied,  solvo  satisdo. 

Of  what  good  (man)  did  Gellius         Quis  Gellius  benedico 

ever  speak  well  ?  unquam  bonus  1 

If  any  one  reviles  me,  he  seems        Si  quis  ego  maledico, 

to  me  petulant,  or  absolutely  mad.  petulans  aut  plane  insa- 

nus  sum  videor. 

II.     I    am    here    a   barbarian,         Barbarus  hie  ego  sum 

because  I  am  not  understood  by  quia  non  intelligo  ullus. 
any  one. 


§226. 


DATIVE    AFTER    EST. 


103 


Who  has  not  heard  of  the  noc- 
turnal studies  of  Demosthenes  ? 

The  desire  of  glory  is  the  last 
to  be  laid  aside,  even  by  wise 
men. 

III.  I  must  read  Cato  Major 
more  frequently. 

And  now  the  weather  is  to  be 
feared  by  the  ripe  grapes. 

R.  1.  It  is  certain  that  (we) 
must  die,  and  it  is  uncertain 
whether  (we  may  not)  this  very 
day. 

It  must  be  acknowledged  that 
every  animal  is  mortal. 

IV.  Antony  was  thinking  of 
leading  four  legions  to  the  city. 

A  part  of  Gaul  inclines  towards 
the  north. 

The  desire  of  dominion  incites 
two  kindred  and  neighboring  na- 
tions to  arms. 

First  bear  him  to  his  resting- 
place. 

I  thought  I  ought  to  write  to 
you  what  occurred  to  my  mind. 


Quis  non  audio1'  De- 
mosthenes vigilia? 

Etiam  sapiens  cupldo 
gloria  novus  exuo. 

Legendus  ego  saepe 
sum  Cato  Major. 

Et  jam  maturus  metu- 
endus  Jupiter  uva. 

Moriendum  certe  sum, 
et  is  incertus,  an  is  ipse 
diesc. 


Omnis 
dum  sum,  sum  mortalis. 

Antonius  legio  quatuor 
ad  urbs  adduco  cogito. 

Pars  G  alii  a  vergo  ad 
Scptcntriod. 

Cupido  imperium  duo 
cognatus  vicinusqtie  pop- 
ill  us  ad  arma  stimulo. 

Sedese  hie  ante  refer  o 
suus. 

Q,ui  ego  vcniofin  mens, 
existimo  ego  ad  tu  opor- 
tet  scribo. 


«  §  239. 
imp. 


6  pass. ;  lit.  by  whom  have,  4"c-     c  §  253.     dpl.     '  dot.  pi. 


$  226.  Est  is  followed  by  a  dative  denoting  a  pos- 
sessor ;  —  the  thing  possessed  being  the  subject  of  the 
verb. 


I  possess  Amathus,   and  lofty 
Paphus,  and  Cythera. 

I  have  twice  seven  nymphs  of 
surpassing  beauty. 


Sum  Amathus,  sum 
celsus  ego  Paphus,  atque 
Cythera. 

Sum  ego  bis  septem 
pra?stans  corpus*  nym- 
pha. 


104 


DATIVE    AFTER    EST. 


§226. 


(His)  father  (Anchlses)  also 
has  his  own  gifts. 

I  have  parsley  in  my  garden,  I 
have  store  of  ivy. 

We  have  breasts  brave  in  war. 

Peculiar  generosity  belongs  to 
the  lion. 

You  possess  the  realms  of 
(your)  father  Daunus. 

Even  here  glory  has  its  appro- 
priate rewards. 

The  head  of  the  parrot  has  the 
same  hardness  as  his  beak. 

I  have  quantities  of  gold  coined 
and  uncoined. 

Ostriches  have  hoofs  like 
(those)  of  stags. 

I  have  a  mother,  of  the  ancient 
race  of  Priam. 

I  have  an  ancient  territory  bor- 
dering on  the  Tuscan  river. 

He  is  rich  who  has  so  great 
possessions  as  to  desire  nothing 
more. 

Pleasure  can  have  no  union 
with  virtue. 

Of  all  connections,  there  is 
none  more  important  than  that 
which  each  of  us  has  with  the 
republic. 

Do  you  not  know  that  kings 
have  long  hands? 

Man  has  a  resemblance  to 
God. 

I  had  the  greatest  intimacy 
with  M.  Fabius. 

R.  Even  if  I  have  not  wanted, 
as  you  think,  talent  for  this  un- 


Sum  et  suus  donum 
parens. 

Sum  ego  in  hortus  api- 
um,  sum  hedera  vis. 

Sum  ego  fortis  bellum 
pectus. 

Leo  sum  praecipuus 
generosltas. 

Sum  tu  regnum  pater 
Daunus. 

Sum  hie  etiam  suus 
praemium  laus. 

Caput  psittacus  idem 
sum  duritia  qui6  ros- 
trum. 

Sum  aurum  pondus 
factus  infectusque  ego. 

Struthiocamelus  ungu- 
Ja  sum  cervmus0  similis. 

Genetrix  Priamus  de 
gens  vetustus  sum  ego. 

Sum  antiquus  ager 
Tuscus  ego  propiord  am- 
nis. 

Dives  sum  qui  tantus 
possessio6  sum,  ut  nihil 
opto  amplior. 

Nullus  possum  sum  vo- 
luptas  cum  honestas  con- 
junctio. 

Omnis  societas  nullus 
sum  gravis,  quam  is  qui 
cum  respublica  sum  unus- 
quisque  ego. 

An  nescio  longus  rex 
sum  manus? 

Sum  homo  cum  Deus 
similitude. 

Cum  M.  Fabius  ego 
superus  usus  sumf. 

Etiamsi  ego,  ut  tu  pu- 
to,  ad  hie  opus  ingenium 


TWO    DATIVES    AFTER    SUM. 


105 


dertaking,  I  have  certainly  want-    non  desum,  doctrina  cer- 


ed  learning  and  leisure. 

Nothing  was  less  wanting  to 
Darius  than  multitude  of  sol- 
diers. 


te  et  otium  desum*. 

Non  quisquam  parum 
Darius  quam  multitude 
miles  desum. 


sup. 


§  211,  R.  6.     6  §  207,  R.  27,  3d  paragraph.     e  §  211.  R.  4. 
•  sing,    f  §  145,  II.     '  §  209,  R.  12,  (2.) 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

We  have  ripe*  apples.  Crocodiles  have  the  upper  part  of 
the  body  hard  and  impenetrable ;  the  under  (part)  soft  and 
tender.  In  battle  there  is  always  the  most6  danger  to  those 
who  fear  most.  Thec  lessd  honor*  was  (conferred)  upon 
poets',  thec  fewerrf  efforts*  they  made\  The  grades  of  of- 
fice* are  the  same^  to  the  highestk  and  lowest1  men,  the  (de- 
grees) of  glory  different"1. 

a  mitis.  6  magnus.  c  quo — eo,  §  256,  R.  16.  d  parvus.  *  §  212, 
R.  3.  f  lit.  poets  had.  e  studium,  nom.  pi.  h  sum,  lit.  the  less  zeal 
they  had.  *  honor,  pi.  i  par.  *  superus.  *  inferus.  m  dispar. 


<§>  227.  Sum,  and  several  other  verbs,  are  followed 
by  two  datives,  one  of  which  denotes  the  object  to 
which,  the  other  the  end  for  which  any  thing  is,  or  is 
done. 


A  large  house  often  becomes  a 
disgrace  to  the  owner. 

I  wish  that  thing  may  prove  a 
pleasure  to  him. 

Sad  wars,  and  rage,  and  treach- 
ery, were  her  delight. 

The  song  and  the  lute  were  al- 
ways dear  to  Crethea. 

Let  him  have  myself  for  his  ex- 
ample. 

Apply  for  that  office,  in  which 
you  can  be  of  great  service  to 
me. 


Amplus  domus  dede- 
cus  dommus  saepe^/?0. 

Utinam  is  res  is  vo- 
luptas  sum". 

Hie  tristis  bellum,  ira- 
que6,  insidiaeque  sum  cor. 

Crethea  carmen6  sem- 
per et  cithara6  sum  cor. 

Habeoc  ego  ipse  sui 
documentum. 

Peto  is  magistratus  in 
qui  ego  magnus  utiKtas 
sum  possum. 


106 


TWO    DATIVES    AFTER    SUM. 


He  was  of  great  use  both  to  me 
and  (my)  brother  Quintus. 

I  am  very  anxious  that  Lucul- 
lus  may  be  so  educated  that  he 
may  equal  (his)  father. 

I  will  take  the  greatest  care, 
that  nothing  may  be  done  other- 
wise than  as  we  desire,  and  as  it 
ought  to  be. 

I  only  dare  say  thus  much 
of  myself,  that  my  friendship  has 
been  a  pleasure  to  more  (persons) 
than  (it  has  been)  a  protection. 

He  hopes  this  thing  will  be  a 
great  honor  to  him. 

It  was  lately  a  very  high  honor 
to  our  (friend')  Milo,  that  he 
checked  all  trie  attempts  and 
madness  of  P.  Clodius. 

He  was  a  great  assistant  to 
that  very  brave  man  his  father,  in 
(his)  dangers. 

Alexander,  when  he  saw  that  a 
long  siege  would  be  a  great  hin- 
derance  to  him  in  regard  to  other 
(things,)  sent  heralds  to  the  Tyr- 
ians. 

It  is  to  me  not  less  a  care  what 
the  republic  will  be  after  my 
death,  than  what  it  is  now. 

It  was  replied  to  the  Roman 
ambassadors,  that  Hannibal  had 
no  leisure,  in  such  a  critical  state 
of  affairs,  to  hear  embassies. 

R.  2.  To  play  on  the  pipe,  to 
dance,  to  surpass  one's  fellow- 
pupils  in  science,  are  trifling 
(things)  in  reference  to  our  cus- 
toms ;  but  in  Greece  they  were 
formerly  a  great  honor, 

R.  3.  Too  much  confidence 
is  wont  to  prove  a  calamity. 


Sum  et  ego  et  Quintus 
f rater  magnus  usus. 

Sum  ego  magnus  cura, 
ut  Lucullus  itaerudio,  ut 
pater"2  respondeo. 

Ego  sum  maxime  cura, 
ne  quis  no  secus,  quam 
volo,  quamque  oportet. 

Ego  de  ego  tantus  au- 
deo  dico,  arnicitia  meus 
voluptas  multuSf  quam 
presidium  sum, 

Qui  res  sui  magnus 
honos  speroforc. 

Honos  superus  nuper 
noster  Milo  sum.,  quod 
omnis  P.  Clodius  cona- 
tus  furorque  comprimo. 

Hie  sum  vir  fortis,  pa- 
rens  suus,  magnus  adju- 
mcntum  in  periculum. 

Alexander,  quum  lon- 
gus  obsidio  magnus  sui 
ad  cetcrus  impedimentum 
video'  fore,  caduceator 
ad  Tyrius  mitto. 

Ego  non  parvus  cura 
sum,  qualis  respublica 
post  mors  meus  sum/, 
quam  qualis  hodie  sum  f. 

Respondeo  legatus  Ro- 
manus,  Hannibal,  in  tan- 
tus discrlmen  res,  non 
opera  sum  legatio  audio. 

Canto  tibia6,  salto,  in 
doctrma6  antecedo  con- 
discipulus,  ad  noster  con- 
suetudo  levis  sum  ;  at  in 
Groecia  olim  magnus  laus 
sum. 

Nimius  fiducia 
tas  soleo  sum, 


§  228.  DATIVE  AFTER  PARTICLES.  107 

R.  4.  Perseus  hastily  collected  Perseus  auratus  statua 
all  the  gilded  statues  into  the  omnis  raptim,  ne  prada 
fleet,  lest  they  should  become  a  hostis  sum,  in  classis  con- 
prey  to  the  enemy.  gero. 

R.  5.  The  sea  is  a  destruction  Exitium  sum  avidus 

to  greedy  mariners.  mare  nauta. 

0  §  263, 1.      *pl.      c  §  260,  R.  6.      *  §  223.      •  §  263,  5.     /  §  265. 

English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

With  what"  bravery  the  soldiers  of  Caesar  fought6,  (this) 
is  a  proof,  that,  the  battle  being  once  against6  (them)  at  Dyr- 
rachium,  they  spontaneously^  demanded*  punishment  upon 
themselves.  L.  Cassius  was  accustomed,  in  judicial  pro- 
ceedings7, to  inquire^ybr  whose  benefit*1  it  was1.  Apply  *  to 
that  pursuit*  in  which  you  are*  (engaged ;)  that  you  may"* 
be  an  honor  to  yourselves,  a  benefit"  to  your  friends,  and  a 
gain0  to  the  republic.  It  was  ascribedp  to  cowardice'1  in  Q. 
Hortensius,  that  he  had  never  been  engagedr  in  a  civil  war*. 
C.  Caesar,  the  propretor',  with  (his)  army",  marched"  to  the 
assistance  of  the  province  of  Gaul.  Medea  persuaded  the 
Corinthian  matrons"  not  to  impute"  (it)  to  her  as  a  crime, 
thaty  she  was  absent*  from  (her)  country. 

0  quantus.       b  dimico,  §  265.       c  adversus,  §  257,  R.  7.      d  ultro. 

*  deposco.       /  a  judicial  proceeding,   causa.      *  quaero.        *  bonum. 

*  plup.  §  265.      J  incumbo.      *  studium.      l  pi.      m  possum.      n  utili- 
tas.      °  ernolumentum.      p  tribuo.      ?  ignavia.      r  intersum,  §  266,3. 
'  §  224.      '  pro  prcetore.     u  §  249,  III.      *  proficiscor.     w  §  223,  R.  2. 

*  verto.      y  quod.      *  absum,  §  266,  3. 


DATIVE   AFTER   PARTICLES. 

<§>  228.     Some  particles  are  followed  by  the  dative 
of  the  end  or  object. 

Had  Antiochus  been  willing  to  Antiochus,  si  pareo 

be  guided  by  the  advice  of  Han-  volo°  consilium6  Hannl- 

nibal,  he  would  have  contended  bal,  prope  Tiber  quam 

for  empire  nearer  to  the  Tiber  TJwrmopyfa  de  summa 

than  Thermopylae.  imperium  dimico*. 

Caesar  fortified  a  camp  as  near  Ca3sar  quam  proxime 


108 


ACCUSATIVE    AFTER    VERBS. 


§229 


as  possible  to  the  camp  of  the 
enemy. 

What  wonder  is  it  that  many 
went  forth  to  meet  such  a  man 
on  his  approach*  ? 

The  quaestors  of  the  province, 
with  (their)  fasces,  were  in  at- 
tendance upon  me. 

It  is  said  by  the  Stoics  to  be 
the  chief  good  to  live  conforma- 
bly to  nature. 

It  can  be  well  with  no  wicked, 
foolish,  and  indolent  man. 

N.  But  suddenly,  after  a  few 
days,  when  I  was  not  at  all  ex- 
pecting (it,)  Caninius  came  to 
me. 

What  is  Celsus  doing  ? 

Pray  what  says  Sannio  ? 


What  do  you  desire  ? 


possum  hostisc  castra, 
castra  communio. 

Quis  habeo  admira- 
tiorf  talis  vir  adveniens 
obvidm  prodeo  multus? 

Quaestor  provincia 
cum  fascis  ego  prcesto 
sum. 

Superus  bonum  a  Sto- 
icus  dico7,  convenienttr 
natura  vivo. 

Improbus  et  stultus  et 
iners  nemo  bene  sum  pos- 
sum. 

At  tu  repente  paucus 
post  dies*",  quum  minime 
expecto'1,  venio  ad  ego 
Caninius. 

Quis  ego  Celsus  ago? 

Quis  aio  tandem  ego* 
Sannio? 

Quis  tuj  volo? 


•§261,1. 
ing.      f  §  269. 


§  223,  R.  2. 
*  §253. 


pi.      d  §  212,  R.  3. 
3,  5,  R.  2.      *  pi. 


§  263 


*  lit.  approach- 
J  sing. 


ACCUSATIVE  AFTER  VERBS. 

<§>  229.     The  object  of  an  active  verb  is  put  in  the 
accusative. 


God  made  the  world. 

The  Syrians  worship  a  fish. 

Miltiades  freed  Athens  and  all 
Greece. 

Swarms  of  bees  form  honey- 
combs. 

A  learned  man  always  has 
riches  in  himself. 

Rivalry  nourishes  talent;  and 
sometimes  envy,  sometimes  ad- 
miration, excites  imitation. 


Deus  mundus  cedifico. 

Piscis  Syrus  veneror. 

Miltiades  Athence  to- 
tusque  Greed  a  libe.ro. 

Apes  examen  jingo  fa- 
vus. 

Homo  doctus  in  sui 
semper  divitice  habeo. 

Alo  semulatio  ingem- 
uma,  et  nunc  invidia  nunc 
admiratio  imitatio  accen- 
do. 


$  229. 


ACCUSATIVE    AFTER    VERBS. 


109 


Pompey  restored  the  tribuni- 
tian  power,  of  which  Sulla  had 
left  the  image  without  the  real- 
ity 

You  say  right,  and  so  the  thing 
is. 

Many  things  in  your  letter 
pleased  me. 

Your  ancestors  first  conquered 
all  Italy. 

The  voluntary  virtues  surpass 
the  involuntary. 

No  one  avoids  pleasure  itself 
because  it  is  pleasure. 

They  lost  not  only  (their)  goods, 
but  (their)  honor  also. 

All  men  admired  (his) diligence, 
(and)acknowledged  (his)  abilities. 

Turn  over  that  book  of  Plato's 
diligently  which  is  upon  the  soul. 

Time  does  not  only  not  lessen 
this  grief,  but  even  increases  it. 

When  Apollo  says  this,  "  Know 
yourself,"  he  says,  "  Know  your 
own  mind." 

R.  3.  But  why  (should  I  say) 
more  1  Let  us  look  at  the  origin 
of  divination. 

R.  4.  The  earth  shook  for 
thirty-eight  days. 

Caesar  sent  around  all  the 
neighboring  region,  and  sum- 
moned auxiliaries  from  thence. 

Tarquin  resolved  to  send  to 
Delphi. 

R.  5.  Dicaearchus  wishes  to 
make  out  that  souls  are  mortal. 

The  philosopher  will  show  that 
10 


Pompeius  tribunitius 
potestas  restituo,  qui  Sul- 
la imago  sine  res  relin- 
quo. 

Recte  dico,  et  res  sic 
sui  habeo. 

Multus  ego  in  epistola 
tuus  delecto. 

Majores  vester  pri- 
mum  universus  Italia  de- 
vinco. 

Virtus  non  voluntari- 
us  vinco  virtus  voluntari- 
us. 

Nemo  voluptas  ipse, 
quia  voluptas  sumg  ,fugio. 

Non  sol  urn  bonum  sed 
etiam  honest  as  deperdo. 

Ornnis  diligentia  ad- 
miror,  ingenium  agnosco. 

Evolvo  diligenter  Pla- 
to is  liber  qui  sum  de  ani- 
mus. 

Dies  non  modo  non 
leva  luctus  hie  sed  etiam 
augeo. 

Cum  Apollo,  "  Nosco 
tu,"  dico,  hie  dico,  "  Nos- 
co animus  tuus." 

Sed  quis6  multus  ?  or- 
tus  video  haruspicma. 

Terra  dies6  duode- 
quadraginta  moveo. 

Cassar  dimitto  circum 
omnis  propinquus  regio, 
atque  inde  auxilium  evo- 
co. 

Tarquinius  Delphi  mit- 
to  statuo. 

Dicaearchus  volo  effi- 
cio,  animus  sum  mortdlis. 

Magnus  sum  sol,  phi- 


110  ACCUSATIVE  AFTER  VERBS. 

the  sun  is  great ;  how  great  it  is,  losophus  probo ;  quantus 

the  mathematician  (will  show.)  sumd  mathematicus. 

R.  6.  God  never  repents  of  his  Nunquam  primus  con- 
first  design.  silium*  Dcus  prenitet. 

You  are  weary  of  patrician,  Tsedet  tua  patricius, 

they  of  plebeian  magistrates.  hie  plebeius  magistrate. 

R.  7.  If  I  mistake  not,  we  Eg°,  nisi  ego  fallit,  ja- 

shall  be  brought  down.  ceo. 

It  does  not  escape  me,  that  Non  ego  prceterit,  usus 

practice  is  the  best  instructor  in  sum  bonus  dico7  magis- 

speaking.  ter. 

•  pi.     »  §  235,  R.  5.    e  §  253.    d  §  265.  •  §  215.    /  gen.    '  §  2CG,  3. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 


I  both  write  and  read  something"  ;  but  when  I  read  I  per- 
ceive by6  comparison  how  badly  I  writec.  Vircingetorix 
gives  a  signal  to  his  (men,)  and  leadsd  (them)  from  the 
town.  The  soldiers,  whom  the  Persians  call  Immortals' ,  had 
golden  collars',  garments'1  embroidered'1  with  gold,  and 
sleeved4  tunics,  adorned  also  with  gems.  Some^  living  crea- 
tures* have  a  rational  principle1,  some  only  a  vital  princi- 
ple"1. The  Egyptians  consecrated  almost  every  speciesn  of 
brute  animals0.  When  Timanthes  sawp  that  he  could  not 
imitate  with  his  pencil'  the  grief  of  Agamemnon,  he  covered" 
his  head.  There  are  men,  who  are  neither  ashamed*  nor 
tired1  of  their  licentiousness"  and  ignominy" ;  who  seem  to 
rush",  as  it  were*  on  purpose",  into  popular  odium*.  When 
the  sons  of  Brutus  stood00,  tied66  to  the  stake,  men  pitied0- * 
their  punishment,  not  more  than  the  crimecc  by  which  they 
had  merited  punishment. 

*  aliquis.  *  ex.  e  §  2G5.  <*  edaco,  §  242,  R.  1.  *  §  230.  /tor- 
ques. e  vestis,  sing.  h  distinctus.  *  manicatus.  i  quidam.  *  lining 
creatures,  anirnans.  l  a  rational  principle,  animus.  m  a  vital  princi- 
ple, an  I  ma.  n  genus.  °  a  brute  animal,  bestia.  p  lit.  Timanthes, 
when  he  saw,  §  2G3,  5.  9  penicilluin.  r  obvolvo.  *  §  264,  6.  *  to 
be  tired,  tcedet.  u  libido,  §  215,  (1.)  •  infamia.  "  irruo,  §  264,6 
*  as  it  were,  quasi.  y  de  industria.  z  lit.  the  odium  of  the  people 
"a  §  145,  II'.  "  deligatus.  cc  scelus. 


§230. 


TWO    ACCUSATIVES    AFTER   VERBS. 


Ill 


*§>  230.  Verbs  signifying  to  name  or  call,  to  choose, 
render,  or  constitute,  to  esteem  or  reckon,  are  followed 
by  two  accusatives  denoting  the  same  person  or  thing. 


Antony  called  his  flight  victo- 
ry, because  he  had  escaped  alive. 

The  order  of  the  Persian  march 
was  this;  the  fire,  which  they 
call  eternal  and  sacred,  was  car- 
ried before  on  silver  altars ;  the 
Magi  next  sung  the  customary 
song. 

The  Julian  clan  call  lulus  the 
founder  of  their  name. 

The  people  made  Ancus  Mar- 
cius  king. 

M.  Furius  Camillus  proclaimed 
P.  Cornelius  Scipio  regent. 

The  recollection  of  pleasures 
enjoyed  renders  life  happy. 

Thunder  upon  the  left  we 
reckon  a  very  good  omen  on  all 
occasions,  except  at  elections. 

R.  2.  Wisdom  offers  herself 
to  us  as  the  surest  guide  to  pleas- 
ure. 


Antonius  fuga  suus, 
quia  vivus  exeo,  victoria 
voco. 

Ordo  agmen  Persa0 
sum6  talis;  ignis  qui  ip- 
se  sacer  et  ceternus  voco, 
argenteus  altare  prgefe- 
ro6 ;  Magus  propior  pa- 
trius  carmen  cano6. 

lulus  gens  Julius  auc- 
tor  nomen  suus  nuncu- 
poc . 

Ancus  Marcius  rex 
populus  creoc. 

M.  Furius  Camillus  P. 
Cornelius  Scipio  interrex 
prodo. 

Voluptas  perceptus  re- 
cord atio  vita  bedtus  fa- 
do. 

Fulmen  sinister  auspi- 
cium  bonus  habeo  ad  om- 
nis  resd  praeterquam  ad 
comitia. 

Sapientia  certus  sui 
ego  dux  praebeo  ad  vo- 
luptas. 


a  gen.  pi.     b  §  145,  II.  1.     c  sing.     d  lit.  for  all  things, 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Ennius  properly0  calledb  anger  the  beginning6  of  madness. 
Our  ancestors  callcdd  the  supreme  council  the  senate.  His 
(followers)  saluted  Octavius  (as)  Ccesar.  The  Albans  ap- 
point" Mettus  Fujfetius  dictator.  The  whole  city  pro- 
claimed* Cicero  consul.  Socrates  thought5  himself  an  inhab- 


112  TWO    ACCUSATIVES    AFTER    CERTAIN    VERBS.       §231. 


itant  and  citizen  of  the  whole  world.  If  you  think*  any  one 
(your)  friend,  whom1  you  do  not  trust-7  as  much*  as'  your- 
self %  you  are  greatly"1  mistaken".  Timoleon  reckoned0  that 
a  glorious77  victory,  in  which  there  was  more  of  clemency7 
than  of  cruelty. 


c  initium.    d  appello.  e  creo.   /  declare. 
.  3,  R.  2.     J  credo.    k  tantusdem.    l  quant 

hementer.    n  to  be  mistaken,  erro.    °  diico.    p  praeclarus     3  x 


0  bene.    6  dico. 
*  existimo.     *  §  223, 


g  arbitror. 
;us.  m  ve- 
212,  R.  3 


§231.  Verbs  of  asking,  demanding,  and  teaching, 
and  celo  (to  conceal,)  are  followed  by  two  accusatives, 
one  of  a  person,  the  other  of  a  thing. 


Philosophy  has  taught  us  all 
other  things,  and  especially  what 
is  most  difficult  —  to  know  our- 
selves. 

They  are  ridiculous  who  teach 
others,  what  they  themselves  have 
not  tried. 

Eloquence  enables  us  to  teach 
others  what  we  know. 

I  have  never  prayed  to  the 
gods  for  riches. 

Quintius  implores  this  of  you. 

I  earnestly  request  this  of  you. 

This  favor  I  request  of  you  in 
my  own  right,  for  there  is  noth- 
ing I  have  not  done  for  your 
sake. 

The  Achseans  also  were  beg- 
ging assistance  from  king  Philip. 

Caesar  was  daily  demanding  of 
the  iEdui  the  corn  which  they 
had  promised. 

R.  2.  Staberius  began  to  de- 
mand hostages  from  the  inhab- 
itants of  Apollonia. 


Philosophia  ego  quum 
ceterus  res  omnis,  turn, 
qui  sum  difficilis,  doceo, 
ut  egomet  ipse  nosco0. 

Ridiciilus  sum,  qui, 
qui  ipse  non  experior,  is 
doceo  ceterus. 

Eloquentia  efficio,  ut 
is,  qui  scio,  alius  doceo 
possum6. 

Nunquam  diviticB  deus 
rogo. 

Quintius  tu  hie  obsc- 
cro. 

Hie  tu  vehementer  ro- 

g°- 

Meus  jusc  tu  hie  bene- 
Jicium  rogo  :  nihil  eriim 
non  tuus  causad  facio. 

Acha?i  quoque  auxili- 
um  Philippus  rex  oro. 

Quotidie  Caesar  JEdui 
frumentum  qui  polliceor* 
Jlagito. 

Staberius  obses  ab 
Apolloniates  exigo  ccp- 
pi. 


§231.        TWO    ACCUSATIVES    AFTER   CERTAIN    VERBS.  113 

You    will    see  what  your  past  Quis    actus  tuus  vita, 

life  and  studies  demand  of  you.  quis  studium  a  tu  fiagi- 

to,  tu  video. 

The  whole  province  demanded  Hie  a  ego  munus7  uni- 

of  me  this  service.  versus  provincia  posco. 

R.  3.  I    inquired  of  Masinissa  Ego  Masinissa  de  suus 

concerning  his  kingdom  ;  he  in-  regnum ;  ille  ego  de  nos- 

quired  of  me  concerning  our  re-  ter  res  pubttcus  percon- 

public.  tor. 

R.  4.    Caesar   detains   Liscus  ;  Caesar  Liscus  retineo ; 

he   inquires  of  (him)   alone  (re-  qutsro  ex  solus  is,  qui  in 

specting)  those  (things)  which  he  conventus    dico.      Idem 

had  spoken  in  the  assembly.     He  secreto  ab  alms  quaro. 
asks  the  same  things  privately  of 
others. 

a  §  262.      *  §  273,  1.     e  §  249,  II.      ^  §  247.     '  §  266,  3.    /  §  212, 
R.  3. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

I  have  accustomed0  (my)  son  not5  to  conceal  from  me 
those  (things)  which  other  young  men  do  without  their 
fathers'  knowledge0.  Although^  nature  declares,  by  so  ma- 
ny indications',  what  she  wishes7,  seeks*,  and  wants'1,  we 
nevertheless,  I  know  not  how,  turn  a  deaf  ear',  and  do  not' 
hear  those  things  of  which*  we  are  admonished1  by  her. 
Catiline,  in  many  ways™,  instructed  the  youth",  whom  he 
had  enticed0,  in  evil  deeds.  The  Agrigentines^  send  am- 
bassadors to  Verres  to  instruct9  him  in  the  laws.  I  did  not 
conceal  from  you  the  conversation"  of  Ampius.  Fortunately* 
it  happened'  that"  T  had  written  to  Cassius  four  days0  be- 
fore, the  very  thing'"  of  which  you  remind1  me.  The  ambas- 
sadors of  Enna*  receivedy  this  commission*  from  their 
fellow-citizens,  to  go™  to66  Verres,  and  demand  back"  from 
him  the  image  of  Ceres  and  Victory. 

*  consuefacio.  6  ne,  §  2G2.  c  without  the  knowledge  of,  clam,  with 
the  ace.  d  quum.  '  signum.  /  §  265.  ff  anqulro.  /l  desidero.  *  to 
turn  a  deaf  ear,  obsurdesco.  J  and  —  not.  nee.  k  §  234.  l  moneo. 
w  modus.  n  juventus.  °  illicio.  p  Agrigentlni.  9  doceo,  §  264,  5. 
f  sermo.  *  comrnode.  r  evenio.  u  quod.  *  quatriduum.  w  id  ipsum. 
*  Ennenses,  adj.  y  habeo.  *  mandatum.  oa  §  273,  2.  "  §  233,  (2,) 
2d  paragraph.  cc  reposco. 
10* 


114  ACCUSATIVE    AFTER    NEUTER   VERBS. 


<§>  232.  Some  neuter  verbs  are  followed  by  an  accu 
sative  of  kindred  signification  to  their  own. 

(1.)  I   dreamed    a    wonderful  Mirus  somnio  somnium. 
dream. 

I  think   that  your    fathers  are  Ego0  vester  pater  vivo 

(still)  living,  and  such  a  life,  in-  arbitror,  et  is  quidem  vi- 

deed,  as  alone  deserves  the  name  ta,  qui   sum    solus    vita 

of  life.  nominandus. 

The   next  day  Hortensius   en-  Postridie  in   theatrum 

tered  into  the  theatre,  I  suppose,  Hortensius  introeo6,  pu- 

that  we   might  participate  in  his  to,  ut  suus  gaudium  gau- 

joy.  deo. 

With  a  loud  voice,  I  swore  a  Magnus  \o\juro  verus 

most    true     and    glorious    oath,  pulcherque  jusjurandum, 

which    the    people,   with    a   loud  qui  populus  magnus  vox 

voice,    swore   that   I    had   sworn  ego  \erejuroc  juro. 
truly. 

(2.)  A  certain  Elysius  was  bit-  Elysius  quidam  gravi- 

terly  lamenting  the  death  of  his  ter  filius  mors  mcereo. 
son. 

a  §  209,  R.  1,  2d  paragraph.  »  §  176.      c  §  272. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Siccius  Dentatus  celebrated11  three  triumphs  with  his  com- 
manders. Why  do  not  those6  decemvirs  pursuec  the  same 
measures*  ase  in  the  consulship-^  of  L.  Cotta  and  L.  Torqua- 
tus?  Among  other  prodigies,  it  rained  flesh.  No  one  was 
so  unfeeling^  as  not  to  weep  at  the  misfortuneh  of  Alcibiades. 
(He)  who  runs  (in)  the  stadium,  ought  to  labor*  and  strive-* 
to  conquer*.  Let  no  one  deny1  this.  The  Philseni  hastened"* 
to  prosecuten  (their)  journey.  Upon  the  broom-grounds0  in 
Spain,  much  of  the  honey?  tastes'1  of  that  herb.  I  neither 
thirst  for  honors  nor  desire  glory. 

0  triumpho.  6  iste.  c  curro  :  the  verb  is  understood  in  the  first 
clause,  and  expressed  in  the  perfect  in  the  second.  d  cursus.  "  qui, 
§  207,  R.  27,  3d  paragraph.  /  §  257,  R.  7,  2d  paragraph.  e  ferus. 
ft  casus.  *  enltor.  J  contendo.  *  §  273,  1.  l  to  deny,  eo  infitias 
m  matQro.  "  pergo.  °  spartaria,  pi.  p  pi.  5  sapio. 


§  233. 


ACCUSATIVE    AFTER    COMPOUND    VERBS. 


115 


<§>  233.  Many  verbs  are  followed  by  an  accusative 
depending  upon  a  preposition  with  which  they  are 
compounded. 


Alexander  determined  to  go  to 
the  temple  of  Jupiter  Ammon. 

Pythagoras  both  traversed  E- 
gypt  and  visited  the  Persian  Ma- 
gi- 

Timotheus  joined  to  him  as  al- 
lies the  Epirots,  and  all  those  na- 
tions which  are  adjacent  to  that 
sea. 

Thirty  tyrants  stood  around 
Socrates,  but  could  not  break  his 
spirit. 

Marcellus  invested  Syracuse 
for  three  years. 

(1.)  CaBsar  plunders  and  burns 
the  town,  gives  the  booty  to  the 
soldiery,  leads  his  army  across 
the  Loire,  and  reaches  the  territo- 
ries of  the  Bituriges. 

Hannibal  led  ninety  thousand 
infantry,  and  twelve  thousand  cav- 
alry, across  the  Ebro. 

(2.)  The  ship  is  brought  to 
Syracuse. 

The  fleet  was  brought,  the  fifth 
day,  to  Pachynus. 

A  certain  (man)  related,  as  a 
prodigy,  that,  at  his  house,  a  ser- 
pent had  wound  himself  around  a 
bar. 

(3.)  The  planet  Venus  is 
called  Lucifer,  when  it  goes  be- 
fore the  sun. 

The  Venetians  dwell  around  a 
gulf  of  the  sea. 

Apollonius  laughed  at  philoso- 
phy. 

The  Samnites  descend  into  the 


Alexander  adco  Jupiter 
Hammon  templum  statuo. 

Pythagoras  et  ^Egyp- 
tus  lustro  et  Persa"  Ma- 
gus adeo. 

Timotheus  socius  ad- 
jungo  Epirota  omnisque 
is  gens  qui  mare  ille  ad- 
jaceo. 

Triginta  tyrannus  Soc- 
rates circumsto,  nee  pos- 
sum animus  is  infringe. 

Marcellus  tertius  annus 
circumseded*  Syracuse. 

Caesar  oppldum  diripio 
atque  incerido,  praeda 
miles  dono,  exercttus  Li- 
ger  transduco,  atque  in 
Bituriges  finis  pervenio. 

Nonaginta  mitte  pedes" 
duodecim  mitte  eques* 
Hannibal  Iberus  traduco. 

Appcllo  navis  Syracu- 
se. 

Classis  Pachynus  quin- 
tus  dies  oppcllo. 

Quidam  refero  quasi 
ostentum,  quod  anguis 
domus  vectis  circumjicio* 

Stella  Venus*  LucTfer 
dico,  quum  antegredior 
sol 

Veneti  sinus  circumco- 
lo  mare. 

Apollonius  irrideo  phi- 
losophia. 

Samnis    descendo    in 


116 


ACCUSATIVE    AFTER    COMPOUND    VERBS. 


plain  which  lies  between  Capua 
and  Tifata. 

The  Euphrates  flows  through 
the  midst  of  Babylonia. 

R.  1.  History  ought  not  to  go 
beyond  the  truth. 

R.  2.  I  remember  that  certain 
persons  came  to  me. 

Lentulus  demanded  that  it 
should  be  permitted  him  to  be 
borne  into  the  city  in  triumph. 

N.  Why  have  you  any  concern 
with  this  thing  ? 

Why  do  you  accost  her  ? 

Laying  waste  the  fields,  he 
comes  to  the  town. 


planities,  qui  Capua  Ti- 
fatdque  interjaceo. 

Euphrates  Babylonia 
medms  pcrmco. 

Historia  non  debeo 
egrcdior  veritas. 

Ad  ego  adeo  quid  am 
memlni. 

Lentulus  postulo,  ut 
triumphans  sui  inveho* 
licet  in  urbs. 

Quis  tu7  hie  curatio 
sum  res? 

Quid  tu  Tile  aditio  sum  ? 

Populabundus  ager  ad 
oppidurn  pervenio. 


0  Ut.  of  the  Persians.     »  §  236,  R.  2.     c  §  212.     *  §  266.3.     •  8  239. 
R.  ].      /S226.      'sen. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Caesar,  having  obtained  possession  of0  the  camp*,  com- 
manded the  soldiers  to  surround'  the  mountain  with  a  work. 
The  river  Eu rotas  flows  aroundd  Sparta,  which  (river)  hard- 
ens childhood  to  the  endurance*  of  future  military  service7. 
Atticus  determined^  to  die,  and  departed  on  the  fifth  day 
after  he  had  adopted11  this  design.  The  river  Marsyas  flowed 
through1  the  middle j  of  the  city  (of)  Calcnce,  celebrated*  in 
the  fabulous  songs  of  the  Greeks.  Pythagoras  went  over1 
many  barbarous"1  regions  on  foot".  Mount  Taurus  passes0 
Cilicia,  and  is  joined  to  the  mountains71  of  Armenia.  I  in- 
deed5 am  earnestly  desirousr  to  ?nccts  not  only  those  whom  I 
myself  have  known,  but  those  also  of*  whom  I  have  heard 
and  read.  If  I  shall  meet  with"  Clodius,  I  will  write  you* 
more  (particulars)  from  his  conversation". 

Agesilaus  transported  (his)  troops  over*  the  Hellespont, 
and  used  such  despatch^  that  he  completed*  his  march  in 
thirty  daysoa.  Alexander,  having  ordered56  Hephsestion  to 
sail  alongcc  the  coast  of  Phoenicia,  comes  to  the  city  (of) 
Gaza  with  all  his  forcesd(f.  The  pirate  sailed  past'0  the. 
whole  island  (of)  Ortygia. 

*  to  obtain  possession  of,  potior.     b  §  245,  I.     e  circumyenio.     d  cir- 


234.          ACCUSATIVE    AFTER   VERBS    PASSIVE,    &,C. 


117 


cumfluo.  *  patientia.  /  militia.  e  decerno.  h  ineo.  *  interfluo. 
I  §  205,  R.  17.  *  incljHus.  l  obeo.  m  lit.  of  barbarians.  n  pi.  §  247. 
0  prsetereo.  p  dot.  3  /  indeed,  equidem.  r  to  be  earnestly  desirous, 
aveo.  *  convenio.  '  de.  u  to  meet  with,  convenio.  *  lit.  to  you. 


serrno. 
§  253. 


to  transport  over,  trajicio.        y  celeritas.       z  conficio. 
"  §  257,  R.  5.     ec  to  sail  along,  pratervehor.     *<*  §  249,  III. 


$  234,  I.  When  the  active  voice  takes  an  accusa- 
tive both  of  a  person  and  thing,  the  passive  retains  the 
latter. 


Be  assured  I  was  not  asked 
(my)  opinion. 

Apollo  is  asked  for  words. 

L.  Marcius,  a  Roman  knight, 
under  the  instruction  of  Cn. 
Scipio,  had  been  taught  all  the 
arts  of  war. 

You  will  need  to  be  taught  a 
few  (things.) 

I  believe  that  Cassius  was  kept 
in  ignorance  respecting  Sulla 
alone. 

R.  1.  Then  he  puts  on  the 
crested  helmet  of  Androgeus. 

The  leader  of  the  flock  is  di- 
vested of  his  horns. 

II.  The   countenance   of  the 
beautiful  Daphne  is  suffused  with 
a  modest  blush*. 

The  hill,  gently  sloping  in 
front,  gradually  sunk  to  the 
plain. 

The  south  wind  flies  forth 
with  humid  wings,  (having)  his 
terrible  countenance  covered  with 
pitchy  darkness. 

III.  An  endless  night  must  be 
spent  in  sleep. 

Sad  nights  are  spent  in  watch- 
ing. 


Scio  ego*  non  rogo 
sententia. 

Apollo  posco  verbum. 

L.  Marcius,  eques  Ro- 
manus,  sub  Cn.  Scipio  dis- 
ciplma  omnis  militia  ars 
edoceo. 

JPaucus  doceo*. 


Credo  celoc 
Sulla  unus. 


Cassius  de 


Deinde  comans  Andro- 
geus galea  induo. 
Dux  grex  cornu  exuo. 

Daphne  pulcher  vere- 
cundus  suffundo  os  ru- 
bor. 

Coll  is  from  lemter 
fastigdtus  paulatim  ad 
planities  redeo". 

Madidus  Notus  evolo 
ala,  terribilis  piceus  teo 
tus  callgo  vultus. 

Nox     sum     perpetuus 
unus  dormiendus. 
Nox  vigilo  amarus. 


a  §  239.      &  §  274,  R.  8. 
as  to,  4*c.     '  imp. 


pass,  impers.       d  lit.  Daphne  is  suffused 


118 


ACCUSATIVE    AFTER    PREPOSITIONS. 


§235 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Have  we  been  kept  so  long  ignorant*  of  this?  This 
could  no  longer  be  concealed  from  Alcibiddcs1.  The  maiden' 
delights  to  be  taught  the  Ionic  dances'1.  Nor  is  corn'  only 
demanded f  from  the  rich  earth*.  The  tender  checks'1  of  the 
maiden  are  tinged*,  her  countenance^  being  suffused  with 
blushes*.  I  am  pressed  with  as  many  troubles',  as"1  there 
are  fishes  swimming"  in  the  sea0. 

*  to  keep  ignorant,  cel».  6  dat .  c  virgo.  d  motus-  *  seges,  pi. 
J  posco.  e  humus,  lit.  nor  is  the  rich  ground  called  upon  for  corn  alone. 

*  gena.     *  inficio,  lit.  the  maiden  is  tinged  as  to  her  tender  cheeks.     J  os. 

*  to  be  suffused  with  blushes,  rubeo.        l  adversus.       m  as  many  ast  tot 
quot.     "  pass.     °  unda,  lit.  as  the  sea  is  swum  by  fishes. 


ACCUSATIVE   AFTER  PREPOSITIONS. 

<§>  235.     Twenty-six   prepositions   are  followed   by 
the  accusative. 


I  beg  you  to  come  to  me  im- 
mediately at  Vibo°. 

Caesar  was  at  the  gates. 

On  the  seventh  (day  before) 
the  ides  I  came  to  my  housed. 

The  soothsayers  directed  to 
turn  the  image  of  Jupiter  towards 
the  east. 

Manlius  displayed  the  spoils  of 
enemies  slain  to  (the  number  of) 
thirty. 

The  cities  of  Asia  voted  a  sum 
of  money  for  a  temple. 

As  long  as  Hannibal  was  in 
Italy,  no  one  pitched  a  camp  in 
the  field  against  him,  after  the 
battle  at  Cannae. 

No  one  observes  what  is  before 
his  feet. 


Oro,  lit  ad  ego  Vibo 
statim  venio. 

Caesar  sum6  adporta. 

Septimus  idusc  venio 
ad  ego. 

Haruspex  jubeo  simuf 
lacrum  Jupiter  ad  oriens 
converto. 

Manlius  profero  spoli- 
um  hostis  caesus  ad  tri- 
ginta. 

Ad  templum  civitas 
Asia  pecunia"  decerno. 

Q,uamdiu  Hannibal  in 
Italia  sum,  nemo  adver- 
sus is  post  Cannensis 
pugna  in  campus  castra 
pono. 

Qui  sum  ante  pest  ne- 
mo specto. 


§235. 


ACCUSATIVE    AFTER    PREPOSITIONS. 


Neoptolemus  had  been  edu- 
cated in  (the  house  of)  Lyco- 
medes. 

I  can  scarcely  contain  myself'', 
(my)  mind  is  so  agitated  with 
fear,  hope,  (and)  joy. 

An  army  was  stationed  in  the 
forum,  and  in  all  the  temples 
which  are  around  the  forum. 

Collatia,  and  whatever  territory 
there  was  around  Collatia,  was 
taken  from  the  Sabines. 

About  the  calends  we  shall  be 
either  at  (our)  farm  near  Formiae, 
or  at  (that)  near  Pompeii. 

The  Clusini  heard  that  the 
Tuscan  legions  had  been  often 
routed  by  the  Gauls  on  this  side 
of  the  Po. 

It  was  decreed,  that  Antony 
should  lead  (his)  army  this  side 
the  river  Rubicon. 

Libo  took  possession  of  an 
island,  which  is  opposite  to  the 
harbor  of  Brundisium. 

The  second  Punic  war  appears 
to  have  especially  excited  the 
permanent  hatred  of  Hamilcar 
towards  the  Romans. 

Among  the  Germans  (those) 
robberies  are  attended  with  no 
disgrace,  which  are  committed 
beyond  the  bounds  of  each  one's 
state. 

The  planet  Jupiter  revolves 
below  Saturn. 

The  field  of  the  Tarquins, 
which  lay  between  the  city  and 
the  Tiber,  having  been  conse- 
crated to  Mars,  became  from  that 
time  the  Campus  Martius. 


Neoptolemus  apud  Ly- 
comedes  educo. 

Vix  sum  apud  ego  ;  ita 
animus  commoveo  inetus, 
spes,  gaudium. 

Exercitus  in  forum,  et 
in  omnis  teinplum,  qui 
circum  forum  sum,  col- 
loco. 

Collatia,  et  quisquis 
circa  Collatia  ager3'  sum, 
Sabinus  adirno. 

Ego  circiter  calender 
aut  in  Formianum  sum, 
aut  in  Pompeianum. 

Clusini  audio6  ssepe  a 
Gallus  cis  Padus  legio 
Etrusci*  fundo. 

Decerno,  ut  Antonius 
exercitus  citra  flumen 
Rubicon  educo. 

Libo  in siil a,  qui  contra 
Brundismus*  portus  sum, 
occupo. 

Hamilcar  perpetuus 
odium  erg  a  Horn  anus 
maxime  concito  videor 
secundus  bellum  Pum- 
cus. 

Apud  Germanus  latro- 
cinium  null  us  habeo  infa- 
mia,  qui  extra  foiis  quis- 
que  civitas  facio. 

Infra  Saturnus  Jupi- 
ter^ stella  fero*. 

Ager  Tarquinius,  qui 
inter  urbs  ac  Tiberis1 
sum,  consecratus  Mars, 
Martius  deinde  campus 
sum. 


120 


ACCUSATIVE    AFTER   PREPOSITIONS. 


§235. 


The  Belgse  alone  forbade  the 
Teutones  and  Cimbri  to  come 
within  their  territories. 

Atticus  was  buried  near  the 
Appian  way,  hard  by  the  fifth 
mile-stone. 

Death  often  appeared  before 
the  eyes  of  Rabirius. 

A  crown  is  to  be  given  on  ac- 
count of  the  preservation  of  citi- 
zens. 

Caesar  being  slain,  the  govern- 
ment appeared  to  be  in  the  hands 
of  Brutus  and  Cassius. 

From  the  heart  and  lungs  the 
blood  is  diffused  through  the 
veins  to  every  part  of  the  body. 

Behind  the  Riphaean  moun- 
tains live  a  happy  people,  whom 
(they)  call  the  Hyperboreans. 

Vergasillaunus  concealed  him- 
self behind  the  mountain. 

The  Aretho,  a  navigable  river, 
flowed  near  the  very  walls  of  Am- 
bracia. 

I  suppose  I  shall  be  at  Laodi- 
cea  about  the  first  of  August. 

Vulcan  held  the  islands  near 
Sicily,  which  are  called  the  Vul- 
canian  (islands.) 

Marcellus  received  a  wound 
from  a  dagger,  in  his  head,  near 
the  ear. 

Above  the  moon,  all  things  are 
eternal. 

The  Tuscans  sent  colonies  be- 
yond the  Apennines. 

Antiochus  was  driven  beyond 
the  summits  of  the  Taurus. 


Belgae  solus  Teutones 
Cimbrique  intra  Jims 
suus  ingredior  prohibeo. 

Atticus  sepelio  juxta 
via  Appia  ad  quintus 
lapis. 

Rabirius"1  mors  ob  oc- 
ulus  saepe  versor. 

Ob  civis  servatus"  co- 
rona do0. 

Occlsus  Caesar,  res- 
publica  penes  Brutus  vi- 
deor  sum  et  Cassius. 

Ex  cor  atque  pulmo 
sanguis  per  vena  in  om- 
nis  corpus  diffundo. 

Pone  mons  Riphaeus 
gens  dego  felix,  qui  Hy- 
perborei  appello?. 

Vergasillaunus  post 
mons  sui  occulto. 

Aretho,  navigabilis  am- 
nis,  prater  ipse  Ambra- 
cia  mcEnia  fluo4. 

Prope  calcndce  sextilis* 
puto  ego  Laodicea  fore. 

Vulcanus  teneo  insula 
proptcr  tSicilia,  qui  Vul- 
canius  nomino. 

Marcellus  pugior  vul- 
nus  accipio  in  caput  se- 
cundum  auris. 

Supra  luna  sum  seter- 
nus  omnis. 

Tusci  trans  Apennlnus 
colonia  mitto. 

Antiochus  ultra jugum 
Taurus  exigo. 


a  lit.  to  Vila.      *  imp.      c  §  326,  3.      d  lit.  tome, 
scarcely  in  my  senses.     e  §  212.      h  lit.  of  the  Tuscans, 
'pass.      '§79,1.       m§211,R.  5.       "  §  274,  R.  5. 

'  209,  R.  2,  (2,)  2d  paragraph. 


t 

*  "§  209 


pi.     /  or,  I  am 
i  adj.    J  §  211. 
0  §  274,  R.  8. 
§  326,  5,  3d  paragraph.      r  §247. 


5  235.  ACCUSATIVE    AFTER    PREPOSITIONS. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Concerning"  friendship,  all,  without  exception*1,  are  of  Uie 
same  mindc.  The  Greeks  stationed**  their  fleet  over  against* 
Athens,  nearf  Salamis5 .  Democrltus  explains  the  reason* 
why  cocks  crow4  before  day-light j.  Curio  pleaded*  a  cause 
in  opposition  to1  me  before"1  the  centumviri.  The  next"  day, 
about0  the  same  hour,  the  king  led  forward^  his?  forces  into 
the  same  place.  The  soldiers  marchedr  about3  fifteen  days, 
The  caper'  flourishes"  even  in  uncultivated"  fields,  without" 
the  labor  of  the  husbandman*.  Caecma  was  reminded"  3f 
(his)  hatred*  and  ill-will0 "towards™  Fabius  Valens.  On  my 
wordcc,  withoutdd  joking,  he  is  a  prettyee  fellow ff. 

a  de.  5  without  exception,  ad  unum.  c  lit.  think  the  same  (thing.) 
d  constituo,  at  the  end  of  the  sentence.  '  over  against.,  ex  adversum. 
/apud.  e  ace.  in  a,  §  §  74  &  80.  h  causa.  *  cano,  §  265.  J  day-light, 
lux.  *  dico,  at  the  end  of  the  sentence.  l  in  opposition  to,  contra. 
m  apud.  n  posterus.  °  circa.  p  to  lead  forward,  admoveo.  9  §  207, 
R.  36,  3d  paragraph.  r  to  march,  iter  facio.  *  circlter.  '  capparis. 
u  convalesce.  "  desertus.  w  citra.  *  rusttcus.  y  admoneo.  z  pi. 
"°  invidta.  65  erga.  cc  on  my  word,  mehercules.  dd  extra.  '*  VI- 
lus.  ff  homo. 

Homer  was  many  years"  before  Romulus,  since6  he  was 
not  later0  (than)  the  elderd  Lycurgus.  Laws  are  silent* 
among  arms.  The  Romans  directed7  Antiochus  to  confine 
his  kingdom*  within  mount  Taurus.  The  Germans  pass* 
whole  days  near1  the  hearth  and  the  fire j .  The  field  has 
been  mortgagedfc/0H  ten  mince.  The  fault  lies'71  with"  youj. 
Friendship  is  to  be  desired"  ofp  itself,  and  forq  itself.  I 
cannot7"  watch  what  is  behind8  me.  (The  temple  of)  Janus' 
was  twice  shut  after  the  reign  of  Numa-^.  Lentiilus  had 
kept  awake"  the  preceding"  night,  contrary  tow  (his)  custom j . 
The  affair  came  near  to*  a  secession  of  the  peopled  A  few 
outpostsy  of  cavalry  were  seen  nearz  the  river* '.  A  little 
beforeaa  these  timesbb ,  the  servants  and  clients  were  burntcc 
along  with'7'4  (their)  masters-'.  The  Belgae  are  nearest  to  the 
Germans,  who  inhabit' "  on  the  further  side  offf  the  Rhine. 
Julius  Csesar  was  capable  of  enduring5^  labor**  beyond^ 
belief' . 

a  abl.  §  253.     5  siquidem.      c  infra.     d  superior.     '  to  be  silent,  sileo. 
/jubeo.      B  to  confine  his  kingdom,  regno.      h  ago.      'juxta.    J  Place 
the,  verb  at  the  end  of  the  sentence.       *  to  mortgage,  oppono  pignori 
11 


122  ACCUSATIVE  AND  ABLATIVE  AFTER  IN,  SUB,  &C.  §  235 

1  ob.  m  sum.  "penes.  °  expSto,  §  274,  R.  8.  p  per.  *  propter. 
r  non  queo.  *  pone.  '  nom.  a  to  keep  awake,  vigilo.  *  proxinms. 
w  contrary  to,  prseter.  *  near  to,  prope.  y  static.  *  secundum 
fla  supra.  bb  these  times,  hsec  memoria.  cc  cremo,  §  145,  II.  1. 
dd  along  with,  una  cum.  '*  incolo.  //  on  the  further  side  of,  trans 
gf  capable  of  enduring,  patiens.  hh  §  213.  **  ultra. 


ACCUSATIVE  AND  ABLATIVE  AFTER  JJV,  SUB,  &c. 

$  235.  (2)— (5.) 


Codrus  threw  himself  into  the 
midst  of  the  enemy,  in  the  dress 
of  a  servant,  that  he  might  not  be 
recognized. 

A  virtuous  life  is  the  way  to 
heaven,  and  to  the  assembly  of 
those  who  have  heretofore  lived. 

The  soldiers  of  Csesar  advance 
beneath  the  mountain  upon  which 
the  town  (of)  Ilerda  was  situated. 

Many  of  the  Carthaginians,  in 
(their)  precipitate  retreat,  rushing 
one  over  another,  were  trampled 
down  in  the  narrow  (passages)  of 
the  gates. 

I  will  write  to  you,  concerning 
this  matter,  from  Rhegium. 

Cranes  sleep  (with  their)  head 
concealed  beneath  (their)  wing. 

°§  258, 1.  2,  (2) 


Codrus  sui  in  medium 
immitto  hostis,  vestis  fam 
ularis,  ne  possum0,  ag- 
nosco. 

Probus  vita  via  sum  in 
cizlum,  et  in  ccetus  is,  qul 
jam  vivo. 

Miles  Ca?sar  sub  mons 
in  qui  oppidum  pono* 
Ilerda,  succedo. 

Multus  Carthaginien- 
sis  in  pmeceps  fuga,  ru- 
ens  super  alius  alius,  in 
angustia  porta  obtero. 

Hie  super  res  scribe 
ad  tu  Rhegium. 

Grus  dormio  caout  sub" 
ter  ala  conditus. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Darius  made  a  bridge  over*  the  rivcrb  Istcr.  Pain  is  reck- 
oned0 among"  the  greatest  evils.  My  consulship  is  ncara  (its) 
closed.  The  election6  was  held7  near5  the  closed  of  the  year 
Wisdom  is  often  (found)  even  under  a  mean*1  garb1.  Domi- 
tius,  without  your  knowledge i ,  sought  safety  in  flight*. 

0  in.       b  flumen.        e  duco.        d  exitus.        *  comitia.       /  habeo 

*  sub.       h  sordidus.     *  palliSlus.      1  without  ones  knowledge,  clam. 

*  §247 


§236. 


ACCUSATIVE  OP  TIME  AND  SPACE. 


123 


ACCUSATIVE  OF  TIME  AND  SPACE. 

<§>  236.  Nouns  denoting  duration  of  time,  or  extent 
of  space,  are  put,  after  other  nouns  and  verbs,  in  the 
accusative,  and  sometimes,  after  verbs,  in  the  ablative. 


Dionysius  was  tyrant  of  Syra- 
cuse thirty-eight  years. 

A  city  was  once  besieged  by 
the  whole  of  Greece  for  ten  years, 
on  account  of  one  woman. 

Fields,  when  they  have  rested 
many  years,  are  wont  to  bring 
forth  a  more  abundant  crop. 

The  name  of  the  Pythagoreans 
flourished  so  much,  for  several 
ages,  that  no  others  were  thought 
learned. 

Augustus  used  to  sleep,  at  the 
most,  not  more  than  seven  hours, 
and  even  those  not  uninterrupted, 
but  so  that  he  waked  three  or 
four  times  in  that  interval. 


The  city  (of)  Saguntum  was 
by  far  the  most  opulent  of  the 
towns  of  Spain,  situated  nearly  a 
mile  from  the  sea. 

Persia  is  bounded  by  continued 
chains  of  mountains  on  one  side, 
which  (side)  extends  in  length 
one  thousand  six  hundred  stadia, 
in  breadth  (it  extends)  one  hun- 
dred and  eighty. 

Zama  is  distant  five  days' jour- 
ney from  Carthage. 

R.  2.  Mithridates,  who  in  one 
day  killed  so  many  Roman  citi- 


Duodequadraginta  an- 
nus  tyrannus  Syracusse 
sum  Dionysius. 

Decem  quondam  annus 
urbs  oppugno  ob  unus 
mulier  ab  universus  Grae-» 
cia. 

Ager,  quum  multus  an- 
nus quiesco,  uber  effero 
fructus  soleo. 

Multus  SfBculum  sic 
vigeo  Pythagoreus  no- 
men,  ut  nullus  alius  doc- 
tus  videor. 

Augustus  non  amplius 
quum  plurimum  quam 
septem  hora  dormio,  ac 
ne  is  quidem  continuus, 
sed  ut  in  ille  tempus  spa- 
tium  ter  aut  quater  ex- 
pergo. 

Urbs  Saguntum  longe 
opiilens  urbs  Hispania 
sum,  situs  passus  mille 
ferme  a  mare. 

Persis  perpetuus  mons 
jugum  ab  alter  latus  clau- 
do,  qui  in  longitude  mille 
sexcenti  stadium,  in  lati- 
tudo  centum  octoginta 
procurro. 

Zama  quinque  dies 
iter  ab  Carthago  absum. 

Mithridates,  qui  unus 
dies*  tot  civis  Romanus 


124 


ACCUSATIVE    OF    PLACE. 


§237. 


zens,  has  reigned,  from  that  time,    trucido,    ab   ille   tempus 
three  and  twenty  years.  annus  jam  tertius  et  vi- 

cessimus  regno. 

King  Archelaus  was  possessing         Rex    Archelaus    quin- 
Cappadocia  for  the  fiftieth  year.       quageszmus    annus    Cap- 

padocia6  potior. 

0  §  253,      *  §  245, 1. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Babylon  has  a  citadel  including0  twenty  stadia  in  (its)  cir 
cuit6  ;  the  foundations  of  the  towers  are  sunkc  thirty  feet  into 
the  earth;  walls*  twenty  feet  wide*  support  the  hanging  / 
gardens. 

Nestor  was  now  living  the  third  age  of  man*,  and  had  no 
cause  to  fearA,  lest,  (when)  speaking*  the  truth  concerning 
himself,  he  should  seem  either  too-7  insolent  or  loquacious. 


*  complexus.      fc  ambitus.      c  demitto.      d  p 
•His.     *  pi.     *  vereor,  §  274,  R.  8.     *  praedico. 


d  paries.      *  latus. 
nimis. 


/  pen- 


ACCUSATIVE   OF  PLACE. 


<§>  237.  After  verbs  expressing  or  implying  motion, 
the  name  of  the  town,  in  which  the  motion  etids,  is  put 
in  the  accusative  without  a  preposition. 


The  consul  Lserinus  led  his 
legions  to  Agrigentum,  which 
was  occupied  by  a  strong  garri- 
son of  the  Carthaginians,  and 
fortune  favored  his  undertaking. 

The  Acheans  being  driven  by 
the  Heraclidce  from  Laconia, 
took  possession  of  the  abodes 
which  they  now  occupy;  the 
Pelasgi  migrated  to  Athens. 

Darius,  not  ignorant  with  how 
valiant  an  enemy  he  had  to  do, 
commanded  all  the  auxiliaries  of 


Lserinus  consul  Agri- 
gentum, qui  teneo  a  Car- 
thaginiensis  validus  prre- 
sidium,  duco  legio,  et  ad- 
sum  fortuna  inceptum0. 

Achaei  ab  Heraclidse 
ex  Laconlca  pulsus,  is 
occupo  sedes  qui  nunc 
obtineo ;  Pelasgi  Athene? 
commigro. 

Darius,  haud  ignarus 
quam  cum  strenuus  hos- 
tis  res  sum6,  omnis  lou- 


§  237.                                ACCUSATIVE    OF    PLACE.  125 

distant  nations  to  be  assembled  ginquus  gens  auxilium 

at  Babylon.  Babylon  contrdho  jubeo. 

R.  2.  Ambassadors  came  to  Ad  ego  legatus  venio 

me  into  the  camp  near  Iconium.  in  castra  ad  Iconium. 

R.  4.  I  came  frequently  to  the  Venio  consul  Antoni- 

house  of  the  consul  Antony  for  us  domus  saepe  salutoc 

the  purpose  of  saluting  (him.)  causad. 

The  Vagenses  invite  the  cen-  Vagensis  centurio  trib- 

turions  and  military  tribunes  to  unusque  militaris  domus 

their  houses.  suus  invlto. 

I  will  go  into  the  country,  and  Ego  rus  eo,  atque  ibi 

there  I  will  stay.  maneo. 

R.  5.  Ambassadors  passed  over  Legatus  in  Africa  tret- 

into  Africa.  jicio. 

The  Lacedaemonians  sent  Pau-  Lacedsemonius  Pausa- 

sanias  with  a  fleet  to  Cyprus  and  nias  cum  classis  Cyprus 

the  Hellespont.  atque  Hdlespontus  mitto, 

a  §  224.     &  §  265.     c  §  275,  III.  R.  1.     <*  §  247. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  Egyptians  seek  Apistt,  with  their  heads  shorn* ; 
(when)  found,  he  is  conducted*  to  Memphis".  Many  nations 
once'*  went"  to  Delphi,  to  the  oracle  of  Apollo.  Gold  used 
to  be  exported  annually7,  on  account5'  of  the  Jews,  from 
Italy  to  Jerusalem.  M  Livius  had  borne  his  disgrace71  so 
impatiently',  that  he  rcmovedj  into  the  country,  and  for* 
many  years  absented  himself  from  the  city"1.  King  Attains 
sent  presents  to  P.  Africanus"  from  Asia  as  far  as  to0  Nu- 
mantia.  When  I  was  approaching  top  Sida  in  (my)  ship7, 
letters  were  delivered7"  to  me  from  my  (friends.)  All  the 
Gauls  in  high  spirits*  and  full  of  confidence  depart  tof 
Alesia.  The  Thracians,  not  daring  to  trust'  themselves  to 
(their)  ships,  dispersed"  to  (their)  houses.  Laelius  and 
Scipio  were  wont  to  flee0  from  the  city  to  the  country,  as  if1* 
(escaping)  from  prison*. 

a  §  79,  1.  *  derado,  lit.  (their'}  heads  being  shorn.  c  deduce. 
d  quondam.  *  proficiscor.  /  quotannis.  *  nomen,  §  247.  h  igno- 
minia.  i  segre.  J  migro.  k  per.  z  to  absent  one's  self,  careo. 
m  §  250,  R.  1,  (2.)  n  dat.  °  as  far  as  to,  usque  ad.  ^  ad.  «  §  247. 
T  reddo.  •  in  high  spirits,  alacer.  '  committo.  "  dilabor.  v  evolo, 
^  145,  II.  1.  w  as  if,  tanquam.  *  vinculum,^»Z. 
11* 


126   ACCUSATITE  AFTER  ADVERBS  &  INTERJECTIONS.   238. 


ACCUSATIVE   AFTER  ADVEBRS  AND   INTERJECTIONS. 

<§>  2385  1.  The  adverbs  pridie  and  postridie  are 
often  followed  by  the  accusative. 

2.  The  interjections  en,  ecce,  O,  heu,  and  pro,  are 
sometimes  followed  by  the  accusative. 

1.  Acusius   reported   that  his  Acusius  nuntio°TClum- 
son  Quintus  had  gone  to  Caesar  tus  films  ad  Ceesar  pro- 
on  the  29th  of  May  ;  (and)  that  ficiscor6  quartusc    calen- 
Philotirnus  the  Rhodian  had   ar-  dae    Junius;     Philotimus 
rived  the  day  before  that  day.  Rhodius    pridie    is    dies 

venio. 

Augustus  used  to  commence  Augustus  postridie 
no  journey  on  the  day  after  the  nundmcB  nusquam  proli- 
fair.  ciscorrf. 

2.  O  mighty  power  of  error  !  O  vis  magnus*  error  J 
O  glorious  day,  when  I   shall         O  pra&clarus  dies  quum 

go  to  that  divine  assembly   and    ad    ille    divlnus    animus 
company  of  minds !  consiliurn  coetusque  pro- 

ficiscor7 ! 

Ah  me  miserable !  why  am  I  Heu  ego  miser !  cur 
compelled  to  blame  the  senate,  senatus  cogo,  qui  laudo 
which  I  have  always  praised  ?  semper,  reprehendo  1 

*  imp.    &  §  272.     c  §  326,3.     *  §  145,  n.  1.     e  sup.    /  §  263,  5. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

On  the  night  of  the  day  before"  the  feast  of  Minerva6,  a 
fire  broke  out'  around  the  forum.  There  will  bed  a  hunt  on 
the  day  after  the  games  of  Apollo'.  O  senseless7  (that) 
thou  (art)  if  thou  fearest  death^  when  it  thunders!  O  ex- 
cellent71 guardian1  of  the  sheep,  a  wolf!  O  wretched-'  and 
unhappy  that  day  in  which*  Sulla  was  appointed2  consul ! 
O  your  delightful771  letters!  O  madn  and  miserable  man! 

"  lit.  ichich  was  the  day  before.  b  a  feast  of  Minerva,  Quinquatrus. 
'orior.  d  futurus  sum.  '  of  Apollo,  Apollinaris.  /  demens.  e  lit. 
if  then  thoufearest,  fyc.  h  priEclarus.  *  custos.  i  miser.  *  §  253. 
'  renuntio.  "*  suavis.  n  amens. 


§239. 


SUBJECT-ACCUSATIVE. 


127 


SUBJECT-ACCUSATIVE. 


§  239.     The  subject  of  the  infinitive  mode  is  put  in 
the  accusative. 


I  desired  that  you  should  un- 
derstand this. 

We  think  that  you  can  very 
easily  explain  that. 

You  know,  Piso,  that  I  think 
the  same  (thing.) 

It  is  evident,  that  man  consists 
of  body  and  mind. 

It  is  innate  to  all,  and  as  it 
were  engraven  on  the  mind,  that 
there  are  gods. 

I  deem  it  not  improper,  that  I 
should  write  to  you  what  I  think 
upon  that  affair. 

Do  you  think  that  such  excel- 
lent men  did  such  things  without 
reason? 

Let  us  remember,  that  justice 
should  be  observed  even  towards 
the  lowest  (persons.) 

I  am  very  glad  that  you  have 
got  safe  to  Epirus. 

It  is,  as  it  seems  to  me,  highly 
decorous,  that  the  houses  of  illus- 
trious men  should  be  open  to  il- 
lustrious guests. 

I  think  that  these  four  things 
should  be  (found)  in  an  accom- 
plished general ;  a  knowledge  of 
the  art  of  war,  courage,  authority, 
and  good  fortune. 

R.  2.  I  should  feel  ashamed 
to  say  that  I  do  not  understand, 
if  you  yourselves  understood. 


Volo  tu  hie  intdligo. 

Censeo  tu  facile  is  ex- 
piano  possum. 

Scio,  Piso,  ego  scntio 
iste  idem. 

Perspicuus*  sum6  homo 
e  corpus  animusque  con- 
sto. 

Omnis  innatus"  sum6, 
et  in  animus  quasi  in- 
sculptusa,  sum  deus. 

Non  puto  sum  alienus, 
ego  ad  tu,  quis  de  is  res 
sentioc,  scribo. 

Tu  tarn  egregius  vir 
censeo  tantus  res  ge.ro 
sine  causa? 

Meminid  etiam  adver- 
sus  infer  uajustitia  servo. 

Tu  in  Epirus  salvus 
venio  vehementer  gaudeo. 

Sum6,  ut  ego  videor, 
valde  decorusa,  pateo  do- 
mus  homo  illustris  illus- 
tris  hospes. 

Ego  existimo,  in  supe- 
rus*  imperator  quatuor 
hie  res  insum  oportet ; 
sdentiaf  res  militaris, 
virtus,  auctoritas,  felici- 
tas. 

Pudetff  ego  dico  non 
intelligo,  si  tu  ipse  intel- 
ligo*. 


128  VOCATIVE.  §  240. 

I  hear  that  you  are  about  to         Dico*  tu  audio,  quaes- 
say,  that  you  have  been  his  ques-    tor  ille  sum. 
tor. 

0  §  205,  R.  8.      *  §  269.       '  §  265.     *  §  §  260,  R.  6,  &  183,  3,  N. 
'  sup.    f  204,  R.  10.     *  §  261,  1.     *  §  270,  R.  3,  last  clause. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

It  is  evident"  that  laws  were  devised6  for0  the  safety  of  the 
citizens.  It  follows1*,  therefore,  that  the  law  is  to  be  reck- 
oned" among-^  the  best  things.  Law  is  the  distinction  be- 
tween what  is  just  and  what  is  unjust^  ;  and  I  think*  that 
no*  other j  ought  to  be  accounted*  a  lawz.  Let  the  citi- 
zens"* be  persuaded"  of  this0,  that  the  gods  are  the  rulers^ 
and  directors'  of  all  things,  and  that  those  (things)  which 
are  doner  are  done  by  their  power"  and  authority',  and  that 
the  same  deserve"  well0  of"  the  human  race. 

0  it  is  evident,  constat.  6  invenio.  e  ad.  d  it  follows,  necesse 
est.  e  habeo.  f  in.  s  lit.  the  distinction  of  (things)  just  and  unjust. 
h  puto.  '  and  —  no, nee.  Callus.  k  habeo,  §  274,  R.  8.  l  lit.  any 
law.  m  dat.  §  223,  R.  2.  "  perf.  pass.  §  260,  R.  6,  2d  paragraph 
0  nom.  p  dominus.  '  moderator.  r  gero,  §  265.  "  ditio.  *  numen 
"  mereor.  *  optime.  w  de. 


VOCATIVE. 

§  240.     The  vocative  is  used,  either  with  or  with- 
out an  interjection,  in  addressing  a  person  or  thing. 

You,  Hannibal,  know  (how)  to  Vinco  scio,  Hannibal; 

conquer  ;  (but)  you  know  not  how  victoria  utor°  nescio. 
to  make  use  of  victory. 

What  more  important  affair,  O  Qui  res  unquam,  pro 

holy  Jupiter  !   ever  occurred,  not  sanctus  Jupiter  !  non  mo- 

in  this  city  only,  but  in  any  coun-  do  in   hie  urbs,  sed   in 

try?  omnis  terra6  geroc  mag- 

nus? 

Good  gods,  what  is  there  long  O    deus    bonus,    quis 

in  the  life  of  man  !  sum  in  homo  vita  diu  ! 

The   city,    my   (dear)    Rufus,  Urbs,  urbs,  meus  Ru- 


§  241.  ABLATIVE    AFTER   PREPOSITIONS.  129 

stick  to  the  city,  and  live  in  that  fus,  colo,  et  in  iste  lux 

light.  vivo. 

Caesar,  having  fallen   in  disem-         Caesar,    prolapsus     in 

barking  from  the  ship,  exclaimed,  egressus   navis,  "  Teneo 

"  I  have  you  fast,  O  Africa."  tu,"  iriquam,  "  Africa." 

Some  fraud  is  concealed  ;  trust         Aliquis    lateo     error  ; 

not  the  horse,  O  Trojans.  equus  ne  credo,  Teucri. 

Whither    do    you   hasten,    re-        Quo  moriturusd  ruo  ? 
solved  to  die  ? 

*  §  229,  R.  5.      *  pi.      c  pass.      <*  §  274,  R.  6. 

English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Aha,  ancient  house,  by  how  different6  a  master*  art 
thou  (now)  governed  !  O  (ye)  immortal  gods  !  men  do  not 
kno\vd  what6  a  revenue  frugality^  is5".  When  Alexander  the 
Great  stood71  by  the  tomb  of  Achilles,  at*  Sigseum,  he  said, 
O  fortunate  youth,  who  found j  a  Homer  (to  be)  the  herald 
of  thy  virtue  !  O  philosophy,  (thou)  guide  of  life,  (thou) 
searcher*  after  virtue,  (thou)  banisher1  of  vices!  what  would"* 
the  life  of  man  have  been"  without  thee  1  O  night !  who 
hadst  almost  brought  eternal  darkness  over0  this  cityp.  Oq 
(ye)  immortal  gods  !  guardiansr  and  preservers"  of  this  city, 
what  wickedness'  have  ye  seen  !  Go,  go,  my  goatsu ,  once" 
a  happy  flock  !  Tell  me,  Damcetas,  whose  flock  (is  this?) 
Begin,  Damcetas™  ;  (and)  do  you,  Menalcasw ' ,  follow  in  (your) 
turn*.  In  what  condition*  is  the  state*,  (O)  Panthusa"? 

tt  O.  6  dispar.  c  dommus.  d  intelllgo.  '  quam  magnus.  /  par- 
Bimonia.  e  §  265.  h  adsto,  plup.  §  263,  5,  &  §  233,  (2,)  2d  para- 
graph. *  in.  1  §  264,  8.  *  indigatrix.  '  expultrix.  m  possum. 
n  prcs.  °  to  bring  over,  affero.  p  §  224.  9  pro.  r  custos.  *  con- 
servator. r  scelus,  pi.  u  capella.  °  quondam.  w  §  44.  *  in  turn, 
deinde.  y  locus.  z  res  summa.  °  °  §  54. 


ABLATIVE   AFTER  PREPOSITIONS. 

§  241.  Eleven  prepositions  are  followed  by  the 
ablative. 

It  was  noticed  that  Pompey's  Animadverto0  longe6  a 
line  had  advanced  farther  than  vallum  acies  Pompeius 
usual  from  the  fortification.  progredior. 


130 


ABLATIVE    AFTER    PREPOSITIONS. 


§241. 


The  year  was  quiet,  in  respect 
to  foreign  wars. 

But  for  you,  I  could  not  live 
to-day  till  sunset. 

The  destitute  traveller  will  sing 
in  presence  of  the  robber. 

Nothing  is  more  discreditable 
than  to  engage  in  hostilities  with 
him  with  whom  you  have  lived  on 
friendly  terms. 

The  pretor  rose  from  his  seat, 
and  departed. 

We  have  wrested  the  sword 
from  the  hands  of  Catiline. 

Circe  was  born  of  Perseis,  the 
daughter  of  Oceanus. 

I  depart  from  life  as  it  were 
from  an  inn,  not  as  from  home. 

Manlius  paid  the  creditor  (his) 
claim  in  the  presence  of  the  peo- 
ple. 

Hercules  passed  the  river  Ti- 
ber by  swimming,  driving  the 
herd  before  him. 

It  is  proper  to  contend  for  the 
laws,  for  liberty,  (and)  for  one's 
country. 

A  great  and  memorable  deed 
is  not  performed  without  dan- 
ger. 

The  water  of  the  river  Trebia, 
having  been  swollen  by  a  shower 
in  the  night,  was  as  high  as  (their) 
breasts. 


Ab  externus  bellum 
quietus  annus  sum. 

Absquc  tu  sumc,  hodie 
nunquam  ad  sol  occasus 
vivo. 

Canto  vacuus  coram 
latro  viator. 

Nihil  est  turpis,  quam 
cum  is  bellum  gero,  qui- 
cumd  familiariter  vivoe. 

Praetor  de.  sella  surrigo 
atque  abeo. 

Catilina  ferrum  de  ma- 
nus  extorqueo. 

Circe  sum  e  Perseis, 
Oceanus  filia,  natus. 

Ex  vita  discedo  tan- 
quam  ex  hospitium,  non 
tanquam  ex  domus. 

Manlius  res  creditor 
palam  populus  solvo. 

Hercules  Tiberis  flu- 
vius,  prce  sui  armentum 
agens,  no-^  trajicio. 

Convenit  dimico  pro 
lex,  pro  libcrtas,  pro  pa- 
tria. 

Non  facio  sine  pcricu- 
lum  facmus  magnus  et 
memorabilis. 

Aqua  Trebia  flumen 
sum  pectus  tenus,  auctus 
nocturnus  imber. 


0  impers.        6  §  256,  R.9.        e  lit.   were    it   without   you,   §261,   1. 
§  136,  R.I.      •  §  266,  1.      /  §  275,  III.  R.  4. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  deserters*  were  compelled  to  fight  with  those  to  whom 
they  had  deserted6,  and  to  stand  bye  those  whom  they  had 


§  242.  ABLATIVE    AFTER    COMPOUND    VERBS.  131 

left.  How  fortunate  I  am  in  other  respects'*,  were  it  not  for' 
this  onef  (thing!)  Titus  had  wept  profusely*  in  presence  of 
the  people.  We  departed'1  /row'  the  forum  when  it  was  now 
growing  towards  evening  •>.  The  Belgae,  upon  (their)  wayk, 
began  to  assault  a  town  of  the  Remi.  To  my  face1  they  often 
safely  speak  evil™  of  me.  Forn  joy,  I  know  not  where  I  am0. 
CaBsar  stationed  the  legions  beforep  the  camp.  Q,.  Pompey, 
without  any  recommendation11  of  ancestors,  obtained7"  the 
highest*  honors.  Antiochus  was  directed  to  extend  his  do- 
minion' as  far  as"  the  Taurus. 

a  perfuga,  b  transeo.  c  ab.  d  res,  §  250.  '  were  it  not  for,  abs- 
que.  f  fern.  B  ub^rtim.  h  discedo.  *  de.  J  it  grows  toioards  even- 
ing, advesperascit.  *  ex  itinere.  l  to  my  face,  me  palam.  m  lit. 
evil  (things).  n  prae.  °  §  265.  p  pro.  2  commendatio.  r  adi- 
piscor.  *  suramus.  '  to  extend  one's  dominion,  regno.  u  as  far  as, 


tenus. 


ABLATIVE   AFTER  COMPOUND   VERBS. 

<§>  242.  Many  verbs  compounded  with  a,  ab,  abs, 
de,  e,  ex,  and  super,  are  followed  by  an  ablative  depend- 
ing upon  the  preposition. 

The  agents  of  Sulla  being  in  Conqulro        minister* 

search  of  Cresar  (to  put  him)  to  Sulla  Caesar  ad  nex,  mu- 

death,    he,   having    changed    his  to  vestis*  nox  urbs  eld' 

dress,  escaped  by  night  from  the  bor. 
city. 

Relieve  the  city  from,  perhaps,  Exonero    vanus   forsi- 

a  groundless  fear.  tan  mctus  civltas. 

When    Atticus    had    refrained  Atticus  quum  biduum 

from  food  two  days,  (his)  disease  cibus  sui6  abstineo,  levisc 

began  to  abate.  morbus  sum  coepi. 

The  pretor  was  commanded  to  Decedo  provincia  prae- 

depart  from  the  province.  tor  jubeo. 

The  fox  escaped  from  the  well.  Vulpecula    evddo   pu- 

tcus. 

Friendship  is  excluded  from  no  Amicitia  nullus   locus 

place.  excludo. 

I  wish  we  could  wipe  away  the  Utmarn  hie  omnis  fle- 

tears  from  all  these.  tus  abstergeod. 


132 


ABLATIVE  AFTER  COMPOUND  VERBS. 


§242. 


I  am  absent  both  from  (my) 
house  and  the  forum. 

As  soon  as  Metellus  had  set 
foot  out  of  doors,  he  excelled 
almost  all  his  fellow-citizens  in 
virtue,  honor,  and  dignity. 

R.  1.  My  porter  kept  no  one 
from  seeing  me. 

They  say  the  soul  exists,  after 
it  has  quitted  the  body. 

He  will  never  keep  his  sacri- 
legious hands  from  me. 

He  ought  to  detest  that  sus- 
picion. 

The  Ibises  avert  pestilence 
from  Egypt,  as  they  kill  and  con- 
sume the  winged  serpents. 

The  Lacedaemonians  desisted 
from  their  long  contention,  and 
of  their  own  accord  yielded  to 
Athens  the  supremacy  of  the  sea. 


Et  domus  absum  et  fo- 
rum. 

Metellus  simul  ac  pes 
limen  ejfero,  omnis  prope 
civis  virtus,  gloria,  digni- 
tas  supero. 

Nemo  a  congressus  me- 
us  jam  tor  meus  absterrco. 

Aio  animus  maneo,  e 
corpus  cum  excedo. 

Nunquam  a  ego  sacri- 
legus  manus  abstineo. 

Ab  iste  suspicio  ab- 
horreo  debeo. 

Ibis  averto  pestis  ab 
dEigyptus,  quum  volucer 
angiiis  interficio  atque 
consume. 

Lacedaemonius  de  diu- 
tinus  contentio  desisto,  et 
suus  spontis*  Athenien- 
sis  imperium  maritlmus 
principatus  concede. 


§257.     b  §  229.      e  comp.      d  §  263,  1.      '  §  249,  II. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  disgrace"  of  others6  often  defers'  tender  minds  from 
faults.  Timoleon,  with  wonderful'*  good  fortune',  drovef 
Dionysius  from  every  part^  of  Sicily.  Let  us  return*  to 
those  who  have  departed*  from  life.  The  Dolopes  were  in- 
habiting Scyros,  whom  Cimon  banished  from  the  city  and 
island.  By  my  own  grief,  O  Romans-',  I  warded  off* 
fromk  you  and  your  children  devastation*,  conflagration, 
(and)  rapine"1. 

*  opprobrium.  6  of  others,  alienus.  e  absterreo.  d  incredibilis 
'  (Tvod  fortune,  felicltas.  /  depello.  e  every  part,  omnis.  ft  §  260 
R  6.  i  excedo.  i  Quiris.  k  a,  R.  1.  l  vastltas.  m  pi. 


§243. 


ABLATIVE  AFTER  OPUS  AND  USUS. 


133 


ABLATIVE   AFTER   OPUS  AND    USUS. 

<§>  243.     Opus  and  usus}  signifying  need,  are  usually 
limited  by  the  ablative. 


There  is  need  of  magistrates, 
without  whose  prudence  and  dili- 
gence the  city  cannot  exist. 

When  the  testimony  of  facts  is 
at  hand,  what  need  is  there  of 
words  1 

The  body,  that  it  may  be 
strong,  has  need  of  much  food, 
much  drink,  much  oil,  lastly,  of 
much  labor. 

It  was  decreed  that  Octavius 
should  go  to  Rome,  and  should 
take  back  the  ships  which  the 
consul  did  not  need. 

Is  there  need  of  any  man's  tor- 
menting himself? 

There  is  no  occasion  for  a  long 
speech. 

The  next  (thing)  is,  that  we 
should  inquire  whether  there  was 
any  occasion  for  a  fleet  or  not. 

What  occasion  have  you  for 
our  assistance? 

What  occasion  was  there  for  a 
letter  ? 

I  am  now  in  want  of  your  ad- 
vice, your  affection,  and  your  fi- 
delity. 

There  is  no  occasion  for  rea- 
son or  argument,  (to  show)  why 
pleasure  should  be  sought  for 
and  pain  avoided. 

R.  1.   There  is  need  of  haste. 

There  was  no  cause  why  there 
should  be  need  of  haste. 
12 


Magistrdtus  opus  sum, 
sine  qui  prudentia  ac  dil- 
igentia  sum  civitas  non 
possum. 

Ubi  res  testimonium" 
adsum,  qui  opus  sum 
verbum  1 

Corpus6,  ut  valeo,  mul- 
tus  cibus,  multus  potio, 
opus  sum,  multus  oleum, 
longus  demque  opera. 

Decerno  Octavius  Ro- 
ma decedoc,  reducoque 
navis,  qui  consul6  usus 
non  sumd. 

An  quisquam6  sum  usus 
homo  sui  ut  crucio  ? 

Oratio  longus  nil* 
opus  sum. 

Propior  sum,  ut,  opus 
sum7  classis  necne,  quae- 
ro. 

Q,uis  tu  opera  noster 
opus  sum  ? 

duis  opus  sum  lite"- 
ra? 

Nunc  ego  et  consilium 
opus  sum  tuus,  et  amor, 
eijides. 

Non  opus  sum  ratio, 
neque  disputatio,  quam- 
obrem  voluptas  expetor, 
fugio*  dolor. 

Maturdtus  opus  sum. 

Sum  nihil,  cur  prope- 
rdtus  opus  sum'1. 


134 


ABLATIVE    AFTER   DIGNUS,    &C. 


§244. 


R.  2.  What  do  you  need  in  Qui  tu5  opus  sum  ut 

order  to  be  good?  To  be  willing,  sum  bonus?  Volo. 

Atticus  gave  all  things  from  his  Qui  amicus  suus  opus 

own  property  which  his  friends  sum,  Atticus  omnis  ex 

needed.  suus  res  familiaris  do. 

Verres  said  that  many  (things)  Multus  sui  opus  sum* 
were  necessary  for  himself,  ma-  aio^  Verres,  multus  ca- 
ny for  his  dogs  which  he  had  nis  suus,  qui  circa  sui 
about  him.  habeo*. 

°;>Z.  *  §226.  e§262,R.4.  *§  266,1.  '§234,11.  /§265,R.2. 
*  §  274,  R.  8,  &  §  265.  *  §  264,  7,  4th  paragraph.  «  §  272.  i  imp. 

English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

We  need  your  authority  and  advice".  The  Athenians  sent 
PhilipTdes  to  Lacedaemon  to  make  known6  of  how  speedy6 
assistance  (tbey)  stoodd  in  need.  Nothing  in  civil  dissen- 
sions" is  safer  than  despatch-^,  when  there  is  moreff  need  of 
acting11  than  of  deliberating*.  Xenomenes  has  promised-' 
every  (thing)  which  would  be  necessary11  for  you. 

sum,  §  266,  1 ;    lit. 
—  magis  — 


there 

qu; 


tt  consilium.  b  nuncio,  §  264,  5.  e  celer.  *  sum,  §  26 
ere  was  need.  *  discordia.  /  festinatio.  e  more  —  than, 
lam.  *  R.  1.  *  consttlo,  R.  1.  3  polliceor.  *  R.  2. 

ABLATIVE   AFTER  DIGNUS,  &c. 

$  244.    Dignus,  indignus,  contentus,  praditus,  and 
fretus,  are  followed  by  the  ablative. 


(Those)  who  are  endued  with 
virtue,  are  alone  rich. 

(He)  who  is  content  with  his 
own  is  truly  the  richest. 

C.  Laelius,  when  a  certain  ill- 
born  fellow  said  to  him  that  he 
was  unworthy  of  his  ancestors, 
replied,  "  But,  by  Hercules,  thou 
art  not  unworthy  of  thine." 

Every  one  ought  to  be  content 


Clui  virtus  preeditus 
sum,  solus  sum  dives. 

Q,ui  suusa  contentus 
sum  is  vere  dives  sum. 

C.  Laelius,  cum  is  qui- 
dam  malus  genus6  natus 
dico  indignus  sum  suus 
majores,  "  At,  Hercijle," 
inquam,  "  tu  tuus  haud 
indignus." 

Qui    quisquee  tempus* 


§244. 


ABLATIVE    AFTER    DIGNUS,    &C. 


135 


with  that  time  which  is  given  him 
to  live. 

Epicurus  affirms  that  the  gods 
are  furnished  with  human  limbs. 

Philosophy  is  content  with  few 


judges. 
Epici 


Ipiciirus  said  that  natural  rich- 
es were  easily  procured,  because 
nature  was  content  with  little. 


I  see  nothing  in  this  Sulla 
deserving  hatred,  many  (things) 
worthy  of  compassion. 

I  think  these  things  shameful 
and  unworthy  of  me. 

Pompey  is  a  wise  man,  and 
endued  with  a  certain  lofty  mind. 

Relying  on  your  fidelity  and 
wisdom,  I  have  taken  up  a  greater 
burden  than  I  feel  myself  able  to 
support. 


ad  vivo8  do  is  /,  contentus 
sum  debeo. 

Epicurus  confirmo,  de- 
us  membrum  humanus 
sum  pr&dfotus. 

Sum  philosophia  pau- 
cus  contentus  judex. 

Epicurus  naturalis  di- 
vitiae  dico  parabilis  sum, 
quod  parvus  sum  natura 
contentus. 

Nihil  video  in  hie  Sul- 
la odium  dignus,  miseri- 
cordia  dignus  multus. 

Turpis  hie  et  ego  in- 
dignus  puto. 

Pompeius  sum  homo 
sapiens,  et  altus  quidam 
mens  prceditus. 

Fides  sapientiaquev es- 
ter fretus,  multus  onusd 
sustollo,  quam  fero  ego 
possum  intelligo. 


•pi.  &  §246.  c§223.  <*§212,R.  3.  '  §  275,  III.  R.  3.  /§206, 
(3,)  (a.) 

English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

It  is  unworthy  of  God  to  do  any  thing"  in  vain,  and  with- 
out a  motive6.  The  virtue  of  excellent  men  is  worthy  of 
imitation,  not  of  envy.  I  thinkc  that  hed,  who  has  no  sense 
of  shamee,  is  worthy,  not  only  of  blame  f,  but  of  punishment. 
Relying  ons  your  intelligence,  I  say'1  less1  than  the  cause  re- 
quires^.  Most  (persons,)  trusting  toe  their  talent,  think  and 
speak  at  once*  ;  but  certainly  the  same  (persons)  would 
speak  considerably1  better,  if  they  would  take  one"1  time  for" 
thinking0  and  another"1  for  speaking. 


0  quis,  §  137,  1,  (a.)      *  causa.      «  puto. 
has  no   sense  of  shame,  quern  non  pudet. 
h  dissero.     *  brevlter.      1  desidero.     *  simul. 
R.  32.      "ad.      °  §  276,  III.  R.  3. 


«*  §  206,  (3,)  (a.)      *  who 

/  reprehensio.      e  fretus. 

l  aliquanto.      m  §  207 


136 


ABLATIVE    AFTER    UTOR,    &C. 


$245 


ABLATIVE  AFTER    UTOR,  &c. 

<§>  245,  I.      Utor,  fruor,  fungor,  potior,  vescor,  and 
dignor,  are  followed  by  the  ablative. 


Augustus  rarely*  used  any 
other  than  a  home-made  gar- 
ment, made  by  his  wife,  and  sis- 
ter, and  daughter,  and  grand- 
daughters. 

Tiberius  enjoyed  excellent 
health,  although,  from  the  thir- 
tieth year  of  his  age,  he  managed 
it  at  his  own  pleasure,  without 
aid  or  advice  of  physicians. 

Hannibal,  having  possessed 
himself  of  the  ring  of  Marcellus, 
along  with  his  body,  sent  letters 
to  Salapia,  drawn  up  in  his  name. 

There  is  a  certain  race  of  men 
who  are  called  Helots,  of  whom 
a  great  multitude  till  the  fields 
of  the  Lacedaemonians,  and  dis- 
charge the  duty  of  slaves. 

I  will  use  another  word  hereaf- 
ter, if  I  shall  find  a  better. 

That  is  every  one's  own,  which 
every  one  enjoys  and  uses. 

Use  the  good  while  it  is  pres- 
ent ;  seek  not  for  it  when  it  is  ab- 
sent. 

No  one  has  lived  too  short  a 
time,  who  has  discharged  the  per- 
fect duties  of  perfect  virtue. 

When  we  call  corn  Ceres,  and 
wine  Bacchus,  we  use  a  familiar 
kind  of  speech  ;  but  do  you  think 
any  one  so  mad  as  to  believe  that 


Vestis  non  temere  ali- 
us  quam  domesticus  utor 
Augustus,  ab  uxor,  et  so- 
ror,  et  filia,  et  neptis  con- 
feet  us. 

Tiberius  valetudo  pros- 
per6 utor,  quamvis  a  tri- 
cesimus  aetas  annus  arbi- 
tratusc  suus°  is  rego<*, 
sine  adjumentum  consili- 
umve  medicus. 

Annulus  Marcellus  si- 
mul  cum  corpus  Hanni- 
bal potltus,  Salapia'  lite- 
ral mitto  is  nomen  com- 
positus. 

Sum  genus  quidam 
homo,  qmf  Helotae^  vo- 
co,  qui  ingens  multitudo 
ager  Lacedaemonius  colo, 
serv  usque  munus  fungor. 

Verbum  utor  post  alius, 
si  invenioff  bonus. 

Is  sum  quisqueA  pro- 
prius,  qui  quisque  jfrwor 
atque  utor. 

Bonum  utor*,  dum  ad- 
sumj ;  cum  absum*,  ne 
require*. 

Nemo  parum  diu  vivo, 
qui  virtus  perfectus  per- 
fectus  fungor  munus. 

Cum  frux  Ceres,  vinum 
Liber  dico,  genus  ego 
quidem  sermo  utor  usi- 
tatus ;  sed  ecquis  tarn 


<§  245.  ABLATIVE    AFTER    L^ETOR,    GAUDEO,    &C.  137 

that  is  a  god  which  he  feeds  up-    amens  sum  puto',  qui  ille, 
on  1  qui  vescorm,  deus  credo" 

sum  ? 

a  lit.   not   without  special   cause,      6  sup.      c  §  249,  II.      d  §  263,  2. 

•  §  237.       /  neut.  sing.   §  206,  (10.)        °  §  211,  R.  3,  3d  paragraph. 
*>§210,R.2.     =§145,  VI.     "§222,11.2,       *  §  260,   R.  6.      J  §  260. 

*  §  263,  5.      <  §  260,  R.  5.      m  §  266, 1.      n  §  264,  1. 

Nature  leads"  (us)  to  favor5  those6  who  are  entering  up- 
ond  the  same  dangers"  which  we  have  gone  through  f.  The 
wise  (man)  both  remembers  past*  (things)  with  gratitude'1, 
and  so  enjoys*  present  (things,)  as  to  perceive  *  how  great* 
and  how  pleasant'  they  are"1.  We  see  that  the  blessings" 
which  we  possess0,  the  light  which  we  enjoyp ,  and  the  breath 
which  we  draw7,  are  given  and  imparted  to  us  by  Godr. 

a  fero.  6  §  273, 2.  c  §  223,  R.  2.  d  to  enter  upon,  ingredior, 
§  266,  1.  '  ace.  f  perfungor.  B  prseteritus.  h  lit.  gratefully.  i  po- 
tior.  '§262.  k  quantus.  l  jucundus.  "§266,1.  n  commo- 
dum.  °  utor.  p  fruor.  5  duco.  r  §  248, 1. 


§  245,  II.     Lcetor,  gaudeo,  glorior,  jacto,  nitor,  sto, 
fido,  confldo,  muto,  misceo,  epulor,  vivo,  assuesco,  and 

consto  (to  consist  of,)  are  often  followed  by  the  ablative 
without  a  preposition. 

Every  species  of  vine  naturally  Omnis  vitis  genus  nat- 

delights  in  warmth,  rather  than  in  uraliter    Icetor   tepor  po- 

cold.  tius  quam  frigus. 

Rejoice  in  this  so  distinguished  Gaudeo  tuus   iste  tarn 

good  fortune  of  yours.  excellens  bonum. 

The  Helvetii  gloriod  insolently  Helvetii  suus  victoria 

in  their  victory.  insolenter  glorior. 

Here  first  Cyllenius,  poised  on  Hie  primum  par  nitor 

equal  wings,  alighted.  Cyllenius  ala  consto. 

Their  new  kingdom  depended  Regnum  is  novus  fra- 

upon  fraternal  harmony.  ternus.s^o  concordia. 

You  shall  not  escape,   though  Plaud  effugio,  quamvis 

you  trust  to  the  aid  of  a  horse.  opsjido  equinus. 

Scipio  was  trusting  to  his  alii-  Scipio   affimtas    Pom- 

ance  by  marriage  with  Poinpey.  peius  confldo. 
12* 


138 


ABLATIVE    AFTER    L^TOR,    GAUDEO,    &,C.  §  246. 


What  joy  has  been  exchanged 
for  what  sorrow  ! 

Then  we  construct  couches  on 
the  winding  shore,  and  feast  upon 
the  rich  food. 

The  pleasantness  of  the  house 
arose  not  from  (its)  structure,  but 
from  the  forest. 

Some  nations  live  on  fish  and 
the  eggs  of  birds. 

No  one  can  rely  upon  the  vigor 
of  (his)  body,  or  the  stability  of 
(his)  fortune. 

The  prosperity  of  all  of  us,  who 
engage  in  public  affairs,  depends 
not  upon  truth  alone,  but  also  up- 
on report. 

I  am  wont  to  take  pleasure  in 
nothing  so  much  as  in  the  con- 
sciousness of  my  attentions. 

R.  2.  We  properly  glory  in 
virtue. 

The  safety  of  the  state  depend- 
ed upon  the  life  of  Pompey. 

III.  I  am  in  great  fear,  but  in- 
dulge good  hopes. 

In  every  part  of  Gaul,  of  those 
men  who  are  of  some  rank  and 
estimation,  there  are  two  classes  ; 
the  one  is  that  of  the  Druids,  the 
other  that  of  the  knights. 

In  the  same  rank  was  Sex. 
^Elius. 


Q,ui  gaudium  qui  mcc- 
ror  mu to  ! 

Turn  litus  curvus  ex- 
truo  torus,  et  daps  epulor 
oplmus. 

Domus  amcenitas  non 
cedificium,  sed  silva  con- 
sto. 

Quidam  natio  piscis 
atque  ovum  avis  vivo. 

Nemo  possum  aut  cor- 
pusjirmitas,  aut  fortuna 
stabilitas  confido. 

Salus  omnis  ego,  qui 
ad  res  publica  accedo 
non  veritas  solum,  sed 
etiamfama  nitor. 

Nullus  res  tam  lator 
soleo,  quam  meus  offici- 
um  conscicntia. 

In  virtus  recte  glorior. 

Pompeius  in  vita  nitor 
salus  civitas. 

Magnus  timor  sum,  sed 
bene  spero. 

In  omnis  Gallia  is  ho- 
mo, qui  aliquis  sum  nu- 
merus  atque  honor,  genus 
sum  duo  ;  alter  sum  Dru- 
ides,  alter  eques. 

Numerus  idem  sum, 
Sex. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

All  (kinds  of)  corn  delight*  most  of  all6  in  open  jields, 
and  (such  as  are)  inclined0  towards^  the  sun.  When  we  are 
freed*  from  pain,  we  rejoice  f  in  the  very  release*  and  exemp- 
tionh  from  all  uneasiness* ;  but  all  that-*  in  which  we  delight f 
is  a  pleasure.  May  there  be  no  grove*  in  which  Apollo  may 
glory1  more.  The  youth  is  leaning  uponm  a  headless"  spear. 


§246.  ABLATIVE    OF    THE    SOURCE.  139 

All  were  desirous0  that  Caesar  should  abidep  by  the  terms* 
which  he  had  proposed*".  The  Phoenicians,  (when)  upon  the 
deep,  trust'  to  the  Cynosure  (as)  their  nocturnal  guide. 
The  Veneti  trusted1  much  in  the  nature  of  the  place.  Many 
mingle  the  fodder"  with  much  salt.  They  ever  delight"  to 
collect"  fresh  spoils1,  and  to  live  by  plunder^ '.  Oratory*  de- 
pendsaa  upon  action,  not  upon  imitation.  Men  accustomedbb 
to  constant"  and  daily  labor,  when  by  reasonrfd  of  the  weath- 
er" they  are  kept7/  from  work**,  resort'1'1  to  the  ball,  to  the 
tali,  or  to  dice. 

a  IsEtor.  <s  most  of  all,  maxlme.  c  recllvis.  d  ad.  e  privo.  /  gau- 
deo.  e  liberatio.  *  vacuitas.  i  molestia.  J  is.  k  lucus.  l  jac- 
to.  m  nitor.  n  purus.  °  cupio.  p  sto.  5  conditio.  r  fero,  §  266, 
3.  *  fido.  '  conf  ido.  u  pabulum.  °  juvat,  lit.  it  delights  (them.) 
to  convecto.  *  praeda.  y  raptum.  z  oratio.  %a  consto.  &t  assues- 
co.  cc  assiduus.  dd  causa.  ee  tempestas.  //  prohibeo.  ss  §  252. 
AA  to  resort,  me  confgro. 


ABLATIVE   OF  THE   SOURCE. 

§  246.  Perfect  participles  denoting  origin  are  often 
followed  by  the  ablative  of  the  source,  without  a  prepo- 
sition. 

O  thou,  descended  from  Sat-  Ortus  Saturnu*,  cura 

urn,  the  care  of  great  Cresar  is  magnus  Ca3sar  fatum  do" 

committed  to  thee  by  the  fates.  tu. 

Lucius  Catiline,  descended  Lucius  Catiiina,  nobi- 

frorn  a  noble  family,  was  of  a  lis  genus  natus,  sum  inge- 

wicked  and  depraved  disposition,  nium6  malus  pravusque. 

We  exhort  him  to  say  from  Hortor  fari  quis  san- 

what  race  (he  is)  sprung.  guis  crctus. 

O  Maecenas,  sprung  from  royal  Maecenas,  atdvus  edi- 

ancestors.  tus  rexc. 

Archias  was  of  noble  birth.  Archias  natus  sum  lo- 
cus nobilis. 

Tasgetius  was  of  very  illustri-  Sum  superus  locus  na- 

ous  birth.  tus  Tasgetius. 

Litavicus  and  his  brothers  were  Litavicus  atque  is  fra- 

young  men,  born  of  a  very  high  ter  sum  amplus  familia 

family.  natus  adolescens. 


140 


ABLATIVE    OF    THE    SOURCE. 


§247. 


Your  will  can  retain  unharmed, 
in  the  state,  a  man  of  noble  birth, 
of  the  greatest  talents,  (and)  of 
the  most  exalted  virtue,  (who  is,) 
moreover,  most  obliging  and 
grateful. 

There  was  a  certain  Myscelos, 
descended  from  the  Argive  Alem- 
onis. 

The  low  birth  of  Servius  Tulli- 
us  did  not  restrain  (him,)  though 
sprung  from  a  mother  (who  was) 
a  slave. 

He  is  descended  from  free  par- 
ents. 

R.  1.  A  Trojan  Caesar  shall 
spring  from  an  illustrious  race, 
who  shall  limit  his  empire  by  the 
ocean,  his  fame  by  the  stars. 

R.  2.  Caesar  ascertained  that 
most  of  the  Belgas  were  sprung 
from  the  Germans. 


Nutus  tuus  possum  ho- 
mo, superus  locus  natus, 
superus  ingenium,  supe- 
rus virtus,  officiosus  pras- 
terea,  et  gratus,  incolu- 
mis  in  civitas  retineo. 

Sum  Argollcus  gene- 
rdtus  Alemonis  quidam 
Myscelos. 

Servius  Tullius  obscu- 
ritas  non  inhibeo,  quam- 
vis  mater  serva  credtus. 

Liber  parens  sum  ori- 
undus. 

Nascor  pulcher  Troja- 
nus  orlgo  Caesar,  imperi- 
um  Oceanus,  fama  qui 
termlno  aster. 

Cassar  reperio,  pleri- 
que  Belgae  orior  ab  Ger- 
mdnus. 


a  perf.      *  all.  §  211,  R.  G.      c  §  204. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Publius  Africanus  caused  it  to  be  believed0,  that  he  was 
not  sprungb  from  the  human  race0,  but  from  a  divine  stock. 
You  see  me,  a  consul,  sprungd  from  an  equestrian  family". 
The  Sabine  maids  of  honorable f  families'  came  to  Rome* 
on  account'1  of  the  games.  What  kind  of  person4  does  the 
grandson^  of  Tantalus  and  sonk  of  PC  fops  seem  to  you  (to 
be  ?)  We  understand'  that  Latinus  was  the  sonm  of  Fau- 
nus  and  of  the  Laurentiari  nymph  Marlca.  Ancus  Martius 
was  the  grandson  of  Numa  Pompilius  by  a  daughter"1.  Mer- 
cury was  the  sonk  of  Jupiter  and  Maia. 

0  to  cause  to  be  believed,  fidem  facio.  6  satus.  c  sanguis.  d  ortus. 
'  locus.  /  honestus.  B  §  237.  h  causa.  *  what  kind  of  person 
qualis.  1  prognatus.  k  natus.  l  accipio.  m  genltus.  n  by  a 
daughter,  filia  ortus. 


§247. 


ABLATIVE    OF    CAUSE,    &.C. 


141 


ABLATIVE   OF  CAUSE,   &c. 

$  247.  Nouns  denoting  the  cause,  manner,  means, 
and  instrument,  after  adjectives  and  verbs,  are  put  in 
the  ablative  without  a  preposition. 


Morals  have  been  corrupted  by 
the  admiration  of  wealth. 

Every  one  is  most  attracted  by 
his  own  pursuit. 

Some  are  moved  by  grief,  oth- 
ers by  passion. 

I  agree  with  those  who  think 
that  all  these  things  are  regulated 
by  nature. 

He  who  fears  that  which  can- 
not be  avoided,  can  by  no  means 
live  with  a  quiet  mind. 

It  cannot  be  told  how  much  I 
was  delighted  with  your  yester- 
day's discourse. 

Some  amusement  is  allowed  to 
youth  by  the  consent  of  all. 

All  Italy  has  been  inflamed 
with  the  love  of  liberty. 

He  offended  no  one  in  deed, 
word,  or  look. 

The  Roman  people  expressed 
their  pleasure  by  a  very  great 
shouting. 

I  wondered  that  you  had  writ- 
ten to  me  with  your  own  hand. 

I  perceive  that  you  are  rejoiced 
at  my  moderation  and  forbear- 
ance. 

We  are  inclined  by  nature  to 
love  mankind. 

All  men  are  captivated  by 
pleasure. 


Mos  corrumpo  admi- 
ratio  divitice. 

Suus  quisque  studium 
maxime  duco. 

Alius  dolor  moveo, 
alius  cupiditas. 

Assentior  is  qui  hie 
omnis  rego  natura  puto. 

Q,ui  is,  qui  vito  non 
possum,  metuo,  is  vivo 
animus  quietus  nullus 
modus  possum. 

Dico  non  possum,  quam 
hesternus  disputatio  tuus 
delector". 

Do  concessus  omnis 
aliquis  ludus  adolescen- 
tia. 

Totus  Italia  desiderium 
libertas  exardeo. 

Nemo  res,  verbum,  vulr 
tus  oflfendo. 

Magnus  clamor  suus 
populus  Romanus  sig- 
nifico  voluntas. 

Admiror,  quod  ad  ego 
tuus  mamts  scribo6. 

Laetor  tu  noster  mod- 
eratio  et  continentia  vi- 
deo. 

Natura  propensus  sum 
dili£Oc  homo. 

Voluptas  capio  omnis. 


142 


ABLATIVE    OF    CAUSE,    &-C. 


§247. 


We  judge  of  the  uneasiness 
and  pain  of  the  body  by  the 
mind,  but  perceive  not  the  dis- 
ease of  the  mind  by  the  body. 

The  wise  (man)  is  accustomed 
to  measure  the  use  of  money,  not 
b'y  (its)  magnitude,  but  (its)  ra- 
tional employment. 

The  enemy  having  been  con- 
quered, the  Roman  king  tore  in 
pieces,  by  means  of  swift  horses, 
Mettus  Fuffetius,  the  violator  of 
the  treaty. 

Both  the  robber  and  the  cau- 
tious traveller  are  girded  with 
a  sword. 

How  many  more  men  have 
been  destroyed  by  the  violence 
of  men,  by  wars  and  seditions, 
than  by  every  other  calamity ! 

Neptune  struck  the  earth  with 
his  trident. 

We  especially  admire  him  who 
is  not  moved  by  money. 

A  saying  of  Caesar's  is  pre- 
served to  the  pilot  alarmed  by  so 
great  danger ;  "  What  dost  thou 
fear?  Thou  art  carrying  Caesar." 

Thence  they  come  to  Sidon,  a 
city  famous  for  its  antiquity  and 
the  renown  of  its  founders. 

Men,  suffering  by  a  severe  dis- 
ease, when  they  are  made  restless 
by  heat  and  fever,  if  they  drink 
cold  water,  seem  at  first  to  be 
relieved. 

R.  1.  I  cannot  write  the  rest 
by  reason  of  my  tears. 

R.  2.  Many  on  account  of 
friendship  had  followed  Caesar 
from  the  city. 


Corpus  gravitasd  et 
dolor  animus  judlco, 
animus  morbus  corpus 
non  sentio. 

Sapiens  soleo  usus  pe- 
cunia  non  magnitude  sed 
ratio  rnetior. 

Hostis  vinco,  rex  Ro- 
manus  ruptor  foedus  Met- 
tus Fuffetius  pernix  equus 
distraho. 

Et  latro  et  cautus  prae- 
cingo*  cnsis  viator. 

Quantus'  plus  homo 
deleo  impetus  homo,  bel- 
lum  aut  scditio,  quam 
omnis  reliquus  calami- 
tas! 

Neptunus  tridcns  suus 
terra  percutio. 

MaxTme  admiror  is, 
qui  pecunia  non  moveo. 

Exto  ad  trepidus  tan- 
tus  discrimcn  gubernator 
vox  Caesar;  "Quis  ti- 
meo?  Caesar  veho." 

Inde  Sidon^  venio'1, 
urbs  vctustas  famdquB 
conditor  inclytus. 

Homo  aeger  morbus 
gravis,  quum  cestus  fe~ 
brisque  jacto,  si  aqua 
geltdus  bibo*,  primo  rel- 
evo  videor. 

Non  pro;  lacrima  pos- 
sum reliquus^  scribo. 

Multus  ex  urbs  ami- 
citia  causa  Cassar  sequor 


§  247.  ABLATIVE    OP    CAUSE,    &C.  143 

I  desired    this    more  on    your         Vester  magis  hie  causa 

account  than  my  own.  volo,  quam  meus. 

R.  3.     The  ediles  divided    to         Frumentum  vis  ingens, 

the    people,    with    the    greatest  qui  ex  Africa  P.  Scipio 

fidelity     and     acceptableness,    a  mitto,sediles,  ewmsuperus 

large    quantity    of    corn,    which  Jides  et  gratia  divido. 
P.  Scipio  had  sent  from  Africa. 

R.  4.     Appius    had   given   to         Appius   turma  aliquot 

Scaptius     several    squadrons    of  eques    do    Scaptius,  per 

cavalry,   by  means  of  which  he  qui  Salaminius  coerceo. 
might  coerce  the  Salaminiaris. 

a  §  265.     6  §  273,  5.     e  §  275,  III.  R.  3.     *  §  229. 
R.  6.    *  §  80, 1.     A  §  248,  R.  1,  &  §  184,  2.     *  §  261,  2.    i°pL 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Many  diseases  are  cured"  by  abstinence  and  rest.  Men 
were  born  for  the  sakeb  of  men.  Proud  Rome  herself  is 
ruinedc  by  her  own  prosperity11.  Let  us  always  worship* 
God  with  a  pure  mind.  Many,  being  seduced7  by  the  hope 
of  greater  riches'1,  have  lost5"  what  they  possessed71.  A  dis- 
course4 ought ;'  to  be  more  embellished*  with  thoughts1  than 
words.  Pharos  guides"1  the  course  of  ships  by  nightly  fires 
from  (its)  tower.  Timanthes,  when  he  wished"  to  express 
the  size0  of  the  sleeping  Cyclops,  painted  satyrs  nearp 
(him,)  measuring  his  thumb  with  a  thyrsus.  The  Roman 
republic  was  established  by  the  genius,  not  of  one  (man,) 
but  of  many.  The  king  of  the  Parthians,  terrified  by  the 
renown  of  Nero,  sent  his  children  (as)  hostages'  to  Caesar. 
No  treer  can  be  planted5  of  such  long  duration  by  the  cul- 
ture of  a  husbandman'  as  by  the  verse  of  a  poet.  Athenagoras, 
who  had  dared  to  export  corn  in  a  famine,  was  beaten"  with 
rods".  The  expectation  of  a  gladiatorial  show"  had  in- 
creased* by  (means  of)  rumor,  and  by  the  talky  of  the  com- 
petitors. 

0  euro.  6  causa.  c  frango.  d  bonum,pl.  '  veneror.  /  allicio. 
e  perdo.  h  tit.  present  (riches.")  *  oratio.  J  debeo.  *  ornatus.  l  sen- 
tentia.  "*  rego.  n  cupio.  °  magnitude.  p  juxta.  5  §  230,  R.  2. 
T  stirps.  *  semmo.  '  lit.  so  lasting  a  tree  can  be  planted  by  the  culture 
of  no  husbandman.  "  caedo.  *  virga.  w  a  gladiatorial  show,  inunus. 
*  cresco.  y  pi. 


144  ABLATIVE    OF    CAUSE,    &C.  §  247. 

On  the  death  of  Marcius",  L.  Tarquinius  was  created 
king,  with  all  the  votes  of  the  people.  A  camp  servant6  was 
oncec  foundd  near  the  bed-chamber"  of  Augustus,  girt7  with 
a  hunting-knife*.  Betis,  looking  at'1  Alexander  not  only 
with  an  undaunted',  but  even  with  a  haughty'  countenance, 
uttered  no  word*  in  answer*  to"*  his  threats.  Dionysius  sent 
a  ship  adorned  icith  garlands"  to  meet0  Platop  ;  (and)  him- 
self, in  a  chariot  of  four  white  horses',  receivedr  (him)  on 
the  shore  when  he  landed*.  I  came  in  a  very  heavy'  rain 
to  Capua,  the  day  before  the  nones" ;  the  consuls  had 
not  yet  arrived",  but  were  about  to  arrive.  A  good  man 
retains,  with  unfading"  memory,  benefits  received* ;  but 
(those)  which  he  has  himself  conferredy  he  remembers,  as 
long  as*  he  who  has  received""  (them)  is  grateful. 

0  lit.  Marcius  being  dead,  §  257.  b  a  camp  servant,  lixa.  c  quon- 
dam. d  deprehendo.  *  cubiculum.  /  cinctus.  *  culler  venatoris. 
*  to  look  at,  intueor.  *  interritus.  '  contumax.  *  vox.  '  to  utter  in 
answer,  reddo.  m  ad.  n  adorned  icith  garlands,  vittatus.  °  obviam. 
p  §  228,  1.  *  a  chariot  of  four  white  horses,  quadriga  alba.  r  ex- 
cipio.  *  when  he  landed,  egrediens,  §  274,  3.  '  very  heavy,  maximus. 
"  §  326,  3.  *  venio.  **  immortalis.  *  percipio.  y  tribuo  *  as  long 
as,  tamdiu  —  quoad.  ««  accipio. 

The  Roman  commander  walked"  in  the  gymnasium,  inb  a 
cloak  and  slippers0,  and  gave  (his)  attention**  to  the  palaestra. 
The  Romans  borrowed*  (their)  armor-''  and  military  weapons 
from  the  Samnites  ;  the  insignia  of  (their)  magistrates  prin- 
cipally* from  the  Tuscans ;  and  executed  h  with1  the  greatest' 
zeal,  at  home*,  what1  appeared"1  useful"  among0  allies  or 
enemies.  When  Isocrates  perceived77  that  orators  were 
heard  with  severe  judgment*,  butr  poets  with1  pleasure,  he 
is  said  to  have  cultivated*  a  rhythm',  which  we  might  use 
even  in  prose".  The  Romans  sent"  ambassadors  to"  the 
consuls,  to  announce1  (to  them.)  that  they  should  collect" 
with1  care  the  relics  of  the  two  armies.  It  has  been  estab- 
lished* by  nature,  that  those  (things,)  which  we  have  written 
with1  labor,  we  think00  are  also  heard  with1  labor.  Danaus 
first66  came  from  Egypt  to  Greece  by  scacc.  The  Roman 
people  placed  statues  in  every  quarter"  to  Marius",  and 
performed  a  supplication  ff  with  incense  and  wine.  Augus- 
tus used  to  playff*  at  dicehh,  marbles",  or  nuts,  with  little" 
boys,  whom  he  collected**  from  all  quarters",  especially""* 
Moors"71  and  Syrians. 


§248. 


THE    VOLUNTARY    AGENT. 


145 


0  inambalo.       6  cum.        e  crepida.       d  opgra.       *  sumo. 

*  plerusque,  lit.  most  of  the  insignia.     h  exsequor.     *  R.  3. 

*  §221,  R.  3.        '  and  what,  que  annexed  to  the  relative. 
n 


/  anna. 
supSrus. 

videor. 
r  autem 


idoneus.  °  apud.  f  video.  q  severe  judgment,  severitas. 
§  279,  3,  3rf  paragraph.  '  sequor.  f  nurnerus,  pi.  u  oratio.  *  §  145, 
I.  3.  *  §  225,  4.  *  §  264,  5.  *  §  273,  3.  *  compare,  impers.  ;  lit.  it 
has  been  so  established.  M  puto.  bb  §  205,  R.  15.  cc  by  sea,  nave. 
dd  in  every  quarter,  vicatim.  "  §  223.  ff  to  perform  a  supplication, 
suppiico.  es  §  145,  2,  1.  kh  talus.  "  ocellatus.  •?/  parvulus. 
**  conquiro.  n  from  all  quarters,  undlque.  mm  proecipue.  nn  ace. 


THE   VOLUNTARY  AGENT. 


<§»  248.     The  voluntary  agent  of  a  verb  in  the  pas- 
sive voice  is  put  in  the  ablative  with  a  or  ab. 


Alcibiades  was  educated  in  the 
house  of  Pericles  and  instructed 
by  Socrates. 

Perdiccas  is  slain  at  the  river 
Nile  by  Seleucus  and  Antigonus. 

Alexander  the  Great  was  car- 
ried off  by  disease  at  Babylon : 
Philip  was  killed  near  the  theatre 
by  Pausanias,  when  he  was  going 
to  see  the  games. 

A  public  slave  was  sent  to  kill 
Marius  with  a  sword,  which 
(slave)  had  been  taken  by  that 
commander  in  the  Cimbrian  war. 

The  father  of  Casticus  had 
been  called  a  friend  by  the  senate 
and  Roman  people. 

Divico  replied,  that  the  Helvetii 
had  been  so  instructed  by  their 
ancestors,  that  they  were  accus- 
tomed to  receive  hostages,  not  to 
give  (them.) 

Caesar  found  on  inquiry,  that 
13 


Alcibiades  educo  in 
domus  Pericles,  et  eru- 
dio  a  Socrates. 

Perdiccas  apud  flumen 
Nil  us  interfcio  a  Sehu- 
cus  et  Antigonus. 

Alexander  Magnus 
Babylon0  mors  consu- 
mo  :  Philippus  a  Pausa- 
nias, quum  specto6  eo 
ludus,  juxta  theatrum  oc- 
cido. 

Interficioc  gladius  Ma- 
rius mitto  servus  publi- 
cus,  qui  ab  is  impcrdtor 
helium"*  Cimbricus  capio. 

Casticus  pater  a  send- 
tus  populusque  Romdnus 
amicus  appello. 

Divico  respondeo,  ita 
Helvetii  a  majorcs  s«- 
us  instituo,  uti  obses  ac- 
cipio,  non  do,  consuesco. 

Reperio  Csesar  in  quae- 


146 


THE    VOLUNTARY    AGENT. 


the  commencement  of  the  flight 
had  been  made  by  Dumnorix  and 
his  horsemen. 

The  same  day  Cresar  was  in- 
formed by  scouts,  that  the  enemy 
had  encamped  near  the  mountain. 

Corisidius  informs  Caesar,  that 
the  mountain,  which  he  wished 
to  be  occupied  by  Labienus,  was 
held  by  the  enemy. 

Ariovistus  replied  that  he  had 
not  crossed  the  Rhine  of  his  own 
accord,  but  had  been  invited  by 
the  Gauls,  and  was  occupying  set- 
tlements in  Gaul  ceded  by  them. 

The  Arverni  and  Ruteni  were 
vanquished  in  war  by  Q,.  Fabius 
Maximus. 

The  father  of  C.  Valerius  Ca- 
burus  was  presented  with  the 
freedom  of  the  city,  by  C.  Va- 
lerius Flaccus. 

Miltiades  exhorted  the  keepers 
of  the  bridge  not  to  let  slip  the 
opportunity  afforded  them  by  for- 
tune of  giving  freedom  to  Greece. 

R.  1.  The  inner  teeth,  which 
are  called  the  jaw-teeth,  masticate 
the  food. 

The  Suevi  bathe  in  rivers. 

All  things  change,  nothing  per- 
ishes. 

R.  2.  Some  said  that  Sulla  had 
died  by  robbers,  others,  by  indi- 
gestion. 

Otho  did  not  disguise,  that  it 
was  of  no  moment  whether  he 
fell  in  battle  by  the  enemy,  or  in 
the  forum  by  creditors. 


§248. 

ro',  initium  fuga  facio  a 
Dumnorix  atque  is  eques. 

Idem  dies  ab  crplorator 
Caesar  certus/izczo,  hostis 
sub  mons  consido. 

Considius  Caesar  dico, 
mons,  qui  a  Labienus 
occupo  volo,  ab  hostis 
tcnco. 

Ariovistus  respondeo, 
transeo  Rhenus  sui  non 
suus  spons,  sed  arcesso  a 
Gallus,  et  sedes  habeo  in 
Gallia  ab  ipse  concede. 

Bell  urn  supero  Arverni 
et  Ruteni  a  Q.  Fabius 


C.  Valerius  Caburus 
pater  a  C.  Valerius  Flac- 
cus civltas7  dono. 

Miltiades  hortor  pons 
custos,  ne  a  fortuna 
datus  occasio  libero* 
Graecia  dimitto^. 

Interior  dens,  qui  ge- 
nuinus  voco,  conficio 
esca. 

Suevus  lavo  in  flumen. 

Ommsmuto;  nihil  in- 
tereo. 

Sulla  nwrior  alius  a  la- 
troy  alius  crudttas  dico. 

Otho  non  dissimiilo, 
nihil  refero,  ab  hostis  in 
acies,  an  in  forum  sub 
creditor  cado. 


a  §  254.      *  §  276,  II.      c  §  275,  III.  R.  3.      d  §  253.      *  §  275,  III. 
R.  4.    /  §  249,  I.     e  §  275,  II.     *  §  262. 


249.         THE  ABLATIVE  OF  THAT  WITH  WHICH,  &C. 


147 


THE   ABLATIY'E   OF  THAT  WITH   WHICH,   &c. 

<§>  249,  I.  A  noun  denoting  that  with  which  the 
action  of  a  verb  is  performed,  though  not  the  instru- 
ment, is  put  in  the  ablative  without  a  preposition. 


God  has  filled  the  world  with 
all  good  things. 

The  inhabitants  of  Crotona 
formerly  desired  to  enrich  the 
temple  of  Juno  with  choice 
paintings. 

Nature  has  adorned  Germany 
with  armies  of  very  tall  men. 

The  son  of  Papirius  (when) 
consul  dedicated  the  temple  of 
Quirinus,  vowed  by  his  father 
(when)  dictator,  and  adorned  (it) 
with  the  spoils  of  the  enemy. 

Neptune  filled  the  sails  with 
favorable  winds. 

The  queen  filled  the  cup  with 
pure  wine. 

Come,  my  companions,  and  fill 
with  me  your  laps  with  flowers. 

Uttering  such  exclamations  she 
was  filling  the  whole  house  with 
groans. 

The  sun  is  of  so  great  a  size 
that  it  enlightens  and  fills  all 
things  with  its  light. 

All  the  cities  are  filled  with 
grief  and  slaughter. 

The  neck  of  the  bull  is  bur- 
dened with  the  plough. 

He  loads  the  ships  with  pro- 
visions. 

Covered  with  gold,  they  champ 
the  yellow  gold  beneath  their 
teeth. 


Deus  bonum  omnis  ex- 
pleo  mundus. 

Crotoniatas  quondam 
templum  Juno  egregius 
pictura  locupleto  volo. 

Natura  Germania  dec- 
6ro  altus  homo  excrcitus. 

/Edes  Quirinus,  ab 
dictator  pater  votus  filius 
Papirius  consul  dedico, 
exornuque  hostis  spolium. 

Neptunus  ventus  im- 
pleo  velum  secundus. 

Reglna  implco  merum 
patera. 

Comes  accedo,  et  ego- 
cum  vester  Jlos  replco 
sinus. 

Talis  vocifero  gemitus 
tectum  omnis  repleo. 

Sol  tantus  magnitude 
sum  ut  cunctus  suus  lux 
illustro  et  complco. 

Luctus  atque  ccsdes 
omnis  oppidum  complco. 

Taurus  cervix  onero 
ardtrwn. 

Commcdtus  navis  one- 
ro. 

Tcctus  aurum,  fulvus 
mando  sub  dens  aurum. 


148  ABLATIVE  OF  ACCORDANCE.          §  249. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Bagophanes  had  strewed"  the  whole  way  with  flowers  and 
garlands;  placing6  silver  altars  on  either  side,  which  he 
heaped  not  only  with  frankincense,  but  with  every  species  of c 
odors.  The  pillars'*  which  sustain  the  whole  weight'  of  the 
hanging-'  gardens  were  built5  of  stone;  above  the  pillars  the 
surface'1  was  paved*  with  square^  stones,  supporting*  the 
earth'  which  they  laid7'  deep  upon771  (it.)  Hamilcar  subdued" 
the  greatest  and  most  warlike  nations,  and  enriched0  all 
Africa  with  horses,  arms,  men,  (and)  money. 

"  consterno.  6  dispuno,  §  257,  R.  5.  e  every  species  of,  omnis. 
d  pila.  '  onus.  /  pensllis.  e  instruo.  h  solum.  *  sterno.  J  quad- 
ratus.  k  patiens.  '  §  213.  m  to  lay  upon,  injicio.  n  sublgo.  °  locu- 
pleto.  p  pres. 


ABLATIVE   OF  ACCORDANCE. 

<§»  249>  II.  A  noun  denoting  that  in  accordance  with 
which  any  thing  is,  or  is  done,  is  often  put  in  the  ablative 
without  a  preposition. 

At  home  he  maintained  such  a  Intra     paries     alo     is 

reputation  as  no  poet  has,  in  my  gloria,  qui  nemo  quidem, 

opinion,  acquired.  meus  judicium  poetacon- 

sequor. 

Pompey  will  conquer  according  Pompeius       Sullanus* 

to  the  manner    and   example  of  mos  ezemplumque  vinco. 
Sulla. 

Socrates,  according  to  the  tes-  Socrates,  omnis  erudi- 

timony  of  all   learned   men,  and  tus  testimonium,  totusque 

the  judgment  of  all  Greece,  was  judicium  Grcecia,  philos- 

the  prince  of  philosophers.  ophus  omnis   sum   prin- 

ceps. 

We  dissent  widely  from  those  Ab  is,  qui  pecus6  ritus 

who,    like    brute    animals,    refer  ad  voluptas  omnis  refero 

every  thing  to  pleasure.  longe  dissentio. 

*  adj.     *  pecus,  udis. 


249.        ABLATIVE  OF  ACCOMPANIMENT.  149 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

He  erected  upon0  piles  a  very  lofty  tower  afterb  the  man- 
nerc  of  the  Pharus  at  Alexandria4*.  Perseus,  driven'  by 
contrary7  winds,  is  carried  now  hither,  now  thither,  like5  a 
watery  cloud.  It  may  with  probability'1  be  concluded4,  that 
he  is  properly  first  according  to  his  own  judgment,  who  isj 
second  according  to  the  judgment  of  all  others.  Similar  to 
this*,  at  least'  in  my  judgment,  are  those"1  (passages)  in 
which  words  are  withheld"  from  modesty0.  Then  arosep 
the  celebrated7  Demetrius  Phalereus,  the  most  accomplished7^ 
in  my  opinion10,  of  them8  all.  They  are  unwilling  to  feed*  a 
glutton",  and  they  are  wise",  at  least2  in  my  opinion1". 

0  to  erect  upon,  superpono.  6  in.  c  exernplum,  ace.  d  at  Alex- 
andria, adj.  limiting  Pharus.  e  actus.  f  discors.  ff  exemplum. 
A  probabiliter.  *  conficio.  J  §  266,  1.  *  qui.  §  206,  (17.)  l  at  least, 
quidem.  m  neut.  n  subtraho.  °  from  modesty,  pudoris  gratia.  p  ex- 
sisto.  »  §  207,  R.  24.  T  polltus.  *  iste.  *  alo.  M  homo  edax.  *  to 
be  icise,  sapio.  w  sententia. 


ABLATIVE  OF  ACCOMPANIMENT. 

§  249,  III.     The    ablative   denoting  accompaniment 
is  usually  joined  with  cum. 

Turnus  extends  both  his  hands  Turnus     duplex     cum 

with  his  voice  towards  the  stars.  vox     manus      ad      sidus 

tendo. 

I  remarked  that  along  with  your  Dico  ego,  cum  ceterus 

other  honorable  distinctions  this  tuns    laus    hie    sum    vel 

was  even  the  greatest,  that    you  magnus,  quod  non  solum 

not  only  said  what  was  necessary,  qui  opus  suma,  dico6;  sed 

but  also  omitted  to  say  what  was  etiam  qui  non  opus  sum'1, 

not  necessary.  non  dicob. 

With  peace  a  cheaper  rate  of  Urbs    cum    pax    laxus 

provisions  returned  to  the  city.  etiam  annona  redeo. 

Among  other  things,  the   am-  Cum  ceterus  res  lega- 

bassadors    were    bringing  to   the  tus   ille   quoque   eximius 

Capitol  that  choice  gift  also.  donum  in  Capitolium  af- 

fero. 
13* 


150 


ABLATIVE    OF    ACCOMPANIMENT. 


§249. 


There  he  ordered  the  clouds  to 
abide,  and  with  the  lightnings  the 
winds  producing  cold. 

Thrice  and  four  times  he  shook 
the  terrific  locks  of  (his)  head  ; 
with  which  he  agitates  the  earth, 
the  sea,  (and)  the  stars. 

Great  cities  perish  with  their 
walls  ;  and  the  fires  turn  to  ashes 
whole  nations  with  their  tribes. 

The  woods  with  the  mountains 
are  set  on  fire. 

The  Caucasus  is  kindled,  and 
Ossa  with  Pindus,  and  Olympus, 
greater  than  both. 

The  Don  smoked  in  the  midst 
of  its  waves,  and  the  swift  Isme- 
nus  with  Arcadian  Erymanthus. 

The  same  accident  dries  the 
Thracian  rivers  Hebrus  with  the 
Strymon. 

The  light  terrifies  the  infernal 
king  with  his  wife. 

In  the  chapel  of  Concord  men 
were  stationed  with  swords. 

Perception  is  lost  at  the  same 
time  with  life. 

Caesar  with  all  his  forces  set 
out  in  pursuit  of  the  Helvetii. 


Illic  consisto  nubes  ju- 
beo,  et  cum  fulmen  faci- 
ens  frigus  ventus. 

Terrificus  caput  con- 
cutio  terque  quaterque 
caesariesc ;  cum  qui  terra, 
mare,  sidus,  moveo. 

Magnus  pereo  cum  moe- 
nia  urbs :  cwmque  suus 
totus  populus  incendium 
gens  in  cinis  verto. 

Silva  cum  mons  ardeo. 

Caucasus  ardeo,  Ossa- 
que  cum  Pindus,  mag- 
nusque  ambo  Olympus. 

Medius  Tanais  fumo 
in  unda,  et  celer  Ismenos 
cum  Phocalcus  Eryman- 
thus. 

Fors  idem  amnis  Is- 
marius  Hebrus  cum  Stry- 
mon sicco. 

Lumen  infernus  terreo 
cum  conjux  rex. 

In  cella  Concordia 
cum  gladius  homo  col- 
loco. 

Pariter  cum  w'tasensus 
amitto. 

Caesar  cum  omnis  copia 
Helvetii  sequor  coepi. 


0  §  266,  1.       *  §  266,  3.      e  sing. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Along  with*  her  blood  she  pours  forth5  herc  life.  He 
hates  the  string,  the  bow,  hise  hand,  and  with  hisc  hand,  his' 
rash  weapons.  The  hostile*  Trojans*  demand  punishment/ 
with  blood.  I  am  borne,  with  myc  companions  and  myc  son,  an 
exile  to  the  deep.  I  would  have  destroyed*  the  son  and  the 


§250. 


ABLATIVE    DENOTING    IN    WHAT    RESPECT. 


151 


father  with  the  (whole)  raceh.     The  god  plunges*  him  head- 
long^ into  the  liquid  waves,  with  a  part  of  the  stern  torn 


away*,  and  with  the  helm. 


a  along  with,  parlter  cum. 
3d  paragraph.     d  infensus. 
7,  3d  paragraph.      h  genus. 


6  to  pour  forth,  fundo.      c  §  207,  R.  35, 

*  Dardanidee.     /  pi.     g  extinguo,  §  162, 

*  projicio.     i  prseceps.      *  revello. 


ABLATIVE  DENOTING  IN   WHAT  RESPECT. 

$  250,  A  noun,  adjective,  or  verb,  may  be  followed 
by  the  ablative,  denoting  in  what  respect  their  significa- 
tion is  taken. 


I  am  inclined  to  think  that,  in 
eloquence,  C.  Gracchus  has  no 
equal ;  he  is  grand  in  diction, 
wise  in  sentiment,  (and)  dignified 
in  his  whole  style. 

The  wild  bees  are  rough  in 
their  appearance,  much  more  pas- 
sionate, but  excellent  in  labor. 

Pamphilus  was  a  Macedonian 
by  nation. 

Tullia,  the  wife  of  Tarquin, 
was  not  dissimilar  in  her  charac- 
ter, who,  to  salute  her  husband 
king,  drove  her  affrighted  horses 
over  her  bleeding  father. 

R.  1,  (1.)  Cato,  exempt  from 
all  human  faults,  always  had  for- 
tune in  his  own  power. 

Apelles  painted  a  picture  of 
king  Antigonus,  wanting  one  eye, 
and  made  it  oblique,  that  what 
was  wanting  to  the  body  might 
seem  rather  to  be  wanting  to  the 
picture. 


Eloquentia  quidem 
nescio  an  habeoa  par  ne- 
mo C.Gracchus;  gran- 
dis  sum  verbumb,  sapiens 
sententiab,  genus  totus 
gravis. 

Apis  silvester  Jwrridus 
sum  aspectus,  multus6 
iracundus,  sed  labor pr&- 
stans. 

Pamphilus  sum**  Mace- 
do  natio. 

Non  abhorrco  mos  Tul- 
lia, Tarquiniusuxor,  qui, 
ut  vir  rex  saluto,  super 
cruentus  pater  consterna- 
tus  ago  equus. 

Omnis  humanus  viti- 
um  immunis  Cato,  sem- 
per fortuna  in  suus  potes- 
tas  habeo. 

Pingo  Apelles  Antigo- 
nus rex  imago  alter  ocu- 
lus  orbus,  obliquusque 
facio,  ut  qui  corpus  de- 
sumd  pictura  potius  de- 
sum  videor. 


152 


ABLATIVE    DENOTING    IN    WHAT   RESPECT. 


§.250. 


A  mind  free  from  uneasiness 
makes  (men)  perfectly  and  abso- 
lutely happy. 

We  have  not  seen  a  sword  out 
of  the  scabbard  in  the  city. 

The  mind  during  sleep  is  free 
from  sensations  and  cares. 

Whenever  we  are  free  from 
(our)  necessary  business  and 
cares,  then  we  long  to  hear,  to 
see,  and  to  learn  something  new. 

(2.)  While  they  are  free  from 
one  kind  of  injustice,  they  fall  in- 
to another. 

You  will  show  that  death  is 
free  from  every  evil. 

I  hope  that  our  friendship 
wants  not  witnesses. 

Can  he,  who  is  not,  want  any 
thing? 

While  we  are  free  from  guilt, 
let  us  bear  all  human  (events) 
with  patience  and  moderation. 

How  long  shall  he,  who  excels 
all  enemies  in  wickedness,  be 
without  the  name  of  an  enemy  ? 

As  long  as  I  shall  live,  I  will 
be  uneasy  at  nothing,  while  I  am 
free  from  all  guilt. 

You  want  not  my  prayers  and 
encouragement. 

The  one,  as  Isocrates  said, 
wants  a  bridle,  the  other  spurs. 

His  oration  abounded  with  ev- 
ery grace. 

Dumb  animals  are  destitute  of 
the  affections  of  men,  but  they 
have  certain  impulses  resembling 
them. 

Almost  the  whole  of  Spain 
abounds  in  mines  of  iron,  brass, 
gold,  (andN,  silver. 


Perturbatio  vacuus  an- 
imus perfecte  atque  ab- 
solute beatus  efficio. 

Gladius  vagina  vacuus 
in  urbs  non  video. 

Animus  per  somnus 
sum  scnsus  et  euro,  vacu- 
us. 

Cum  sum  necessarius 
negotium  curaque  vacu- 
us, turn  aveo  aliquis  vi- 
deo, audio,  addisco. 

Dum  alter  injustitia 
genus  vaco,  in  alter  in- 
curro. 

Doceo  careo  omnis 
malum  mors. 

Spero  noster  amicitia 
non  egco  tcstis. 

An  possum  is,  qui  non 
sum,  res  ullus  careo  ? 

Culpa  cum  careo,  om- 
nis humanus  placate  et 
moderate  fero. 

Quousque  is,  qui  om- 
nis hostis  scelus  supero, 
nomen  hostis  careo  1 

Nee  dum  sum,  angor 
ullus  res,  cum  omnis  va- 
co culpa. 

Prcx  noster  et  cohorta- 
tio  rion  indigeo. 

Alter,  uti  dico  Isocra- 
tes, frenum  egco,  alter 
calcar. 

Oratio  is  omnis  orna- 
mcntum  abundo. 

Mutus  animal  huma- 
nus ajfectus  carco,  habeo 
autem  similis  ille  quidam 
impulsus. 

Melallum  ferrum',  sea, 
aurum,  argentum,  totus 
fere  Hispania  scateo. 


§  250.           ABLATIVE     DENOTING    IN  WHAT    RESPECT.               153 

No  part  of  life  can  be  exempt  Nullus  vita  pars  vaco 

from  duty.  officium  possum. 

The  Minturnenses  put  Marius  Minturnenses  Marius, 

on  shipboard,  furnished  with  trav-  instructus  viaticum,  col- 

elling     expenses    and     garments  latusque  vestis,  in  navis 

raised  by  contribution.  impono. 

R.  3.  I  ask  what  shall  be  done  Qusero,   si,  qui  volo' 

respecting    the    money,    if  there  vendo,    non  sum*,  quis 

shall  be  none  who  are  willing  to  pecunia  facioh  ? 
sell? 

•  §  265,  R.  3.      6  pi.     c  §  256,  R.  16.  d  imp.     •  gen.     /  §  264,  6. 
'fut.perf.     h  fut. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  Roman  state0  passed5  its  infancy  under  seven  kings, 
as  various  in  (their)  dispositionc  as  the  benefit4  of  the  republic 
demanded.  The  lieutenant  of  Metellus  was  C.  Marius,  born 
of  equestrian  rank",  pure  f  in  (his)  life,  excellent8  in  war, 
(but)  most  pernicious11  in  peace.  The  Lacedaemonian  Agesi- 
laus  was  king  in  name,  not  in  power,  like*  the  rest  of  the 
Spartan  kings.  Nothing  is  more  scandalous j  than  a  man 
advanced  in  agck,  who  has  no  other'  argument  by  which  to 
prove"1  that  he  has  lived  long  except"  (his)  age.  Ennius 
was  older0  than  Plautus  and  Nsevius. 

tt  res.       b  habeo.       c  ingenium.  d  utilttas.  '  locus.       /  sanctus. 

f  optlmus.      *  pesslmus.      *  sicuti.      J  turpis.  *  a  man  advanced  in 

age,  grandis  natu  senex.      *  alius.  "*  §  264,  5.  n  prseter.      *  major 
natu. 

Romulus  chose"  a  place  for  his  city,  both  abounding  in 
springs  and  healthy6,  (though)  in  a  pestilential  district6.  He 
placed  it  on  the  bank  of  a  river  discharging  itself d  into  the 
seae,  that-''  it  mightff  both  receive  (that)  from  the  sea  which 
it  necdedh,  and  give4  (that)  of  which  it  had  a  superabundance*. 
Pleminius  put  the  tribunes  to  death*,  and,  not  glutted1  with 
(their)  punishment  (while)  living,  cast  them  forth™  unburied. 
The  mind  can  never  befreenfrom  agitation  and  movement0. 

a  delTgo.  6  salaber.  c  regio.  d  discharging  itself,  influens. 
*  §  224,  R.  4.  /  quo.  g  possum.  A  egeo,  §  266, 1.  *  reddo.  i  to 
have  a  superabundance,  redundo.  *  to  put  to  death,  interficio.  '  satii- 
tus.  m  to  cast  forth,  projicio.  ntobefree,ca.reo.  °  motus. 


154 


ABLATIVE    OF   PRIVATION    AND    SEPARATION. 


251. 


ABLATIVE   OF   PRIVATION   AND   SEPARATION. 

<§>  251.  A  noun  denoting  that  of  which  any  thing 
is  deprived,  or  from  which  it  is  separated,  is  often  put 
in  the  ablative  without  a  preposition. 


P.  Claudius,  when  the  chick- 
ens, set  free  from  the  coop,  would 
not  feed,  ordered  them  to  be 
plunged  into  water,  that,  as  they 
would  not  eat,  they  might  drink. 

The  children  of  the  proscribed, 
excluded  from  (their)  paternal 
property,  were  also  forbidden  the 
right  of  being  competitors  for 
honors. 

These  (things)  having  been 
atoned  for  according  to  the  Sib- 
ylline books,  in  great  measure 
freed  (their)  minds  from  super- 
stitious fear. 

R.I.  The  Portian  law  removed 
the  rod  from  the  bodies  of  all 
Roman  citizens. 

•  R.  2.  P.  Lacnas  hurled  S.  Lu- 
cilius  from  the  Tarpeian  rock, 
and  when  his  colleagues  had 
fled  to  Sulla,  forbade  them  fire 
and  water. 


P.  Claudius,  quum  ca- 
vea  liberdtus  pullus  non 
pascor0,  mergo  is  in  aqua 
jubeo,  ut  bibo,  quoniam 
edo6  nolo. 

Proscriptus  liberi,  ex- 
clusus  paternus  opes% 
etiam  petendus*  honor 
jus  prohibco. 

Hie  procuratus  ex  li- 
ber Sibyllmus  magnus 
ex  pars  levo  reltgio  ani- 
mus. 

Portius  lex  virga  db 
omnis  civis  Romanus 
corpus  removeo. 

P.  Lrcnas  S.  Lucilius 
saxumc  Tarpeius  dejicio, 
et  quum  collega  is  ad 
Sulla  profugio,  aqua  ig- 
m'sque  ise  interdlco. 


•  §  262,  5.     *  §  181       e  §  242.     *  §  275,  11.     •  §  224. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

You  \v\\\  free*  us  from  every  uneasiness1.  Caesar  marked 
somec  standard-bearers  with  disgracerf,  and  removed'  them 
from  (their)  rank7.  The  Athenian  people  banished g  Pho- 
cion  from  (his)  country.  Why  should  we,  by  adding  ex- 
pense'1 to  sacred  rites^  dcbarj  poverty  from  approaching11 
the  gods'  1  Caesar  considered"1  (it)  sufficient"  for  the  pres- 


ABLATIVE    OF    PRICE. 


155 


ent°  to  prevent*  the  enemy  from  plundering*  t  foraging*  ,  and 
laying  waste'. 

*  molestia.      e  nonnullus.      d  infamia.     '  moveo.     /  lo- 

§ 257.  *  sacred 
satis.  °  for  the 
r  pabulatio,  pi. 


cus.      s  pello.      h  sumtus,  lit.    expense  being  added 
rites,  sacra,    i  arceo.     *  aditus.     l  gen.     m  habeo. 
present,   in  praesentia. 


^resent,   in  praesentia. 
Laying  icaste,  populatio 


.  . 

prohibeo.      *  raplna, 


ABLATIVE   OF  PRICE. 


The  price  of  a  thing  is  put  in  the  ablative, 
except  when  expressed  by  the  adjectives  tanti,  quanti, 
plans,  minoris. 


M.  Seius,  during  a  dearth  of 
corn,  gave  the  people  a  bushel 
for  an  as. 

I  know  that  a  white  nightin- 
gale, which  is  (a  thing)  almost 
unheard  of,  was  sold  for  six  thou- 
sand sesterces,  for  a  present  to 
Agrippina,  the  wife  of  Claudius. 

The  vindication  of  liberty  cost 
Cicero  his  life. 

Isocrates  sold  one  oration  for 
twenty  talents. 

King  Attains  offered  a  hun- 
dred talents  for  one  picture  of 
Aristides,  a  Theban  painter. 

From  Verres  even  the  common 
crier,  who  pleased,  purchased  the 
rank  of  a  senator  with  money. 

He  sold  (it)  to  some  one  for  a 
large  sum  of  money. 

I  would  most  willingly  have 
redeemed  the  state  from  destruc- 
tion at  my  own  private  loss. 

I  sell  my  (goods)  for  no  more 
than  other  persons,  probably  for 
less. 


M.  Seius,  in  annona 
caritas,  as  modius  popu- 
lus  do. 

Scio  sestertius  sex,  lus- 
cinia  Candidas,  qui  sum 
prope  inusitatus,  veneo", 
qui  Agrippina  Claudius 
conjux  doiium*  doc. 

Vindicta  libertas  Cice- 
rod  mors  sto. 

Viginti  talentum  unus 
oratio  Isocrates  vendo. 

Aristides,  Thebanus 
pictor,  unus  tabula8  cen- 
tum talentum  rex  Atta- 
lus  liceor. 

Ab  Verres  et  prceco, 
qui  volo,  ordo  senatorius 
prctium  mercor. 

AlTquis  vendo  pccunia 
grandis. 

CalamTtas"  ego  a  res- 
publica  meus  privatus  in- 
commddumf  libenter  red- 
imo. 

Vendo  meus  non  mul- 
tus  quam  ceterus,  fortas- 
se  etiam  parvus. 


156 


ABLATIVE    OF    TIME. 


§253. 


R.  2.  Chrysogonus  bought  a 
vessel  of  Corinthian  brass,  for  so 
great  a  price,  that  those  who 
heard  the  price  reckoned,  thought 
a  farm  was  selling. 

R.  3.  It  is  for  the  interest  of 
the  seller  that  the  thing  should 
sell  for  as  much  as  possible. 


Chrysogonus  vas  ali- 
quis  Corinthius  tantus 
pretium  mercor,  ut,  qui 
pretium  enumero  audio, 
fundus  veneo  arbitror. 

Venditor  expedio,  res 
veneo*  quam  plurwius. 


•  §  142,  R.  3. 
§  269,  R.  2. 


*§227.      e§264,  5. 


§  223. 


/  pi 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

A  scruple  of  gold  was  worth"  twenty  sesterces.  Caelius 
pays  a  rent6  of  thirty  thousand  (asses).  That  victory  costc 
the  Carthaginians'*  much  blood.  (That)  which  is  unneces- 
sary* is  dear  at  a  half-penny /.  In  this  suit*  Timotheus  is 
found  guilty'1,  and  the  penalty4  was  fixed J  at  a  hundred  tal- 
ents. Caelius  hired1  a  house  at  a  moderate'  (price)  upon 
the  Palatine  hillm. 


*  to  be  worth,  valeo.  6  to  pay  a  rent,  hablto.  e  sto.  d  dat. 
opus.  /  as.  'judicium.  *  to  find  guilty,  damno.  Mis.  J 
*  condaco.  l  non  mag  no.  m  Palatine  full,  Palatium. 


non 

oestiiuo 


ABLATIVE   OF  TIME. 


§  253.  A  noun  denoting  the  time  at  or  within 
which  any  thing  is  said  to  be,  or  to  be  done,  is  put  in 
the  ablative  without  a  preposition. 


The  origin  of  all  this  wicked- 
ness shall  be  explained  in  its 
proper  time. 

The  senate  was  at  the  same 
time  in  the  temple  of  Concord. 

There  are  three  things  which 
at  this  time  may  make  against 
Roscius. 

You  wrote  me  a  letter  on  your 
birth-day. 


Suus  tcmpus  totus  hie 
scelus  fons  aperio. 

Sum  idem  tcmpus  se- 
natus  in  sedis  Concordia 

Tres  sum  res,  qui  ob 
sto  hie  tcmpus  Roscius. 

Natalis  dies  tuus  scribo 
epistola  ad  ego. 


§253. 


ABLATIVE    OF    TIME. 


157 


I  call  to  mind  in  the  evening 
whatever  I  may  have  said,  heard, 
or  done,  every  day. 

During  the  winter  which  fol- 
lowed, the  German  Usipetes,  and 
also  the  Tenchtheri,  with  a  great 
multitude  of  men,  crossed  the 
river  Rhine  not  far  from  the  sea. 

Cresar  set  sail  about  the  third 
watch. 

The  next  day  the  enemy,  hav- 
ing assembled  much  greater 
forces,  assault  the  camp, 

Corinth  was  taken  in  the  fourth 
year  of  the  one  hundred  and 
sixty-first  Olympiad,  in  the  six 
hundred  and  eighth  (year)  of 
Rome. 

Who  is  there  who  can  believe 
that  Apollo  answered  Pyrrhus  in 
Latin]  Besides,  Apollo  had  al- 
ready ceased  to  make  verses  in 
Pyrrhus's  time. 

The  Arabs,  Phrygians,  and  Ci- 
licians,  because  they  chiefly  prac- 
tise the  pasturage  of  cattle,  trav- 
erse the  plains  and  mountains  in 
summer  and  winter. 

The  troops  assembled,  accord- 
ing to  command,  in  the  beginning 
of  spring;  and  Hannibal,  having 
reviewed  the  auxiliaries  of  all  the 
nations,  went  to  Gades,  (and)  paid 
(his)  vows  to  Hercules. 

The  male  deer  have  horns,  and 
lose  (them)  every  year  at  a  stated 
time  in  the  spring  ;  therefore, they, 
about  this  time,  seek  as  unfre- 
quented (places)  as  possible. 

R.  1.  The  first  Olympiad  was 
established  108  years  after  Ly- 
14 


Quis  quisque  dies  di- 
co,  audio,  ago,  commem- 
oro  vesper. 

Is,  qui  sequor,  hiemst 
Usipetes  German!,  et 
item  Tenchtheri,  mag- 
nus  cum  multitude  ho- 
mo, flumen  Rhenus  trans- 
eo,  non  longe  a  mare. 

Caesar  tertius  fere  vi- 
gilia  solvo. 

Hostis  posterus  dies, 
multus  magnus  copia  co- 
go,  castra  oppugno. 

Corinthus  capio  annus 
quartus  Olympias  centes- 
imus  sexagesimus  pri- 
mus, Roma  sexcentesi- 
mus  octdvus. 

Q,uis  sum  qui  credo* 
Apollo  Latme  Pyrrhus* 
respondeo?  Praeterea, 
Pyrrhus  tempus"  jam 
Apollo  versus  facio  des- 
ino. 

Arabs  et  Phryx  et  Ci- 
lix,  quod  pastus  pecusd 
maxime  utor,  campus  et 
mons  hiems  et  cestas  pera- 
gro. 

Ver  primus  ad  edictum 
copia  convenio ;  et  Han- 
nibal, quum  reccnseo 
atixilium  omnis  gens, 
Gades  proficiscor,  Her- 
cules votum  exsolvo. 

Cervus  mas  cornu  ha- 
beo,  et  omnis  annus,  sta- 
tus ver*  tempus  amitto, 
ideo  sub  ipse  dies  quam 
maxime  invius  peto. 

Centum  et  octo  annus7 
postquam  Lycurgus  lex 


153 


ABLATIVE    OF    TIME. 


$253. 


curgus  undertook  to  enact  his 
laws. 

T.  Larcius  was  appointed  dic- 
tator about  ten  years  after  the 
first  consuls. 

By  reckoning  the  years  of  the 
kings,  it  may  be  discovered,  that 
Pythagoras  first  reached  Italy  one 
hundred  and  forty  years  after  the 
death  of  Numa. 

R.  2.  Carthage  was  destroyed 
one  hundred  and  seventy-seven 
years  ago,  when  it  had  stood  six 
hundred  and  sixty-seven  years. 

Demosthenes,  who  lived  nearly 
three  hundred  years  ago,  said, 
that  even  then  the  Pythia  took 
Philip's  part. 

R.  3.  We  took  an  afternoon 
walk  in  the  Academy,  principally 
because  that  place  at  that  time 
was  free  from  a  crowd. 

R.  4.  At  dawn  of  day  Marcel- 
lus  entered  Syracuse  with  all  his 
forces. 

At  this  time  no  state  afforded 
assistance  to  the  Athenians  ex- 
cept the  Platesans. 


scribo  instituo,  primus 
pono  Olympias. 

Dictator  instituo  de- 
cem  fere  annus  post  pri- 
mus consul  T.  Larcius. 

Regius  annus  dinu- 
mero^,  intelligo  possum, 
annus  fere  centesimus  et 
quadragesimus  post  mors 
Numa  primus71,  Italia 
Pythagoras  attingo. 

Carthago  diruo,  quum 
sto  annus  sexcenti  sexa- 
ginta  septem,  abliinc  an- 
nus1 centum  septuaginta 
septem. 

Demosthenes,  qui  db- 
hinc  annusi  prope  trecen- 
ti  sum,  jam  turn  Pythia 
cum  Philippus  facio  dico. 

Ambulatio  post  merid- 
iarius  conficio  in  Aca- 
demia,  maxime  quod  is 
locus  ab  turba  is  tempus 
vacuus  sum-7. 

Sub  lux  Marcellus  om- 
nis  copia*  Syracusae  in- 
gredior. 

Hie  in  tempus  nullus 
civitas  Atheniensis  aux- 
ilium1  sum  praeter  Platae- 
ensis. 


n  §  2G4,  7.  6  §  223. 
§  205,  R.  15.  *  ace. 
&  227. 


c  pi.      *  gen.  ttdis.      •  gen.     /  all.     g  §  257. 
J  §  266,  3.        *  §  249,   III.   2d   paragraph. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  catching*  of  tunnies6  is  from  the  rising  of  the  Pleia- 
des6 to  the  setting  of  Arcturus  ;  in  the  rest*  of  the  season" 
they  lie7  in  the  bottom*  of  the  deep  waters*.  When  the 
Roman  garrison71  was  besieged*  by  the  Lijjustines,  a  swal- 
low, taken J  from  (her)  young*,  was  brought*  to  Fabius  Pio 


§253  ABLATIVE    OF   TIME.  159 

tor,  that,  a  thread"*  being  tied"  to  her  foot,  he  might  give 
notice"  by  the  knots,  upon  whatp  day  relief  would  arrive'. 
Augustus  diedr  on  the  fourteenth  (day  before)  the  calends*  of 
September,  at  the  ninth  hour  of  the  day,  in  the  seventy-sixth 
year  of  (his)  age.  Although  Homer's  age1  is  doubtful",  yet 
he  lived"  many  years  before  Romulus.  The  corpse"  of  Al- 
exander was  transferred  to  Memphis,  and  thence,  a  few  years 
after*,  to  Alexandria.  Socrates,  on  the  lasty  day  of  (his) 
life,  discoursed*  at  largeaa  on66  the  immortality  of  the  soul; 
and,  a  few  days  before*,  when  he  might  easily  have  been  de- 
livered" from  prisondd,  refused".  Aristides  was  recalled  to 
(his)  country  five  years  after  ff  he  had  been  expelled.  The 
consul  himself  so  urgedffff  the  work'171,  that,  on  the  forty-fifth 
day  after*1  the  timbernn  had  been  taken  ^  from  the  forest00, 
the  ships,  equipped**  and  tackled",  were  launched""71  into 
the  water. 

a  captura.  b  thynnus.  c  Vergiliae.  d  §  205,  R.  17.  '  tempus. 
f  lateo.  e  gurges.  h  praesidium.  *  obsideo.  J  ablatus.  *  pullus. 
1  affero.  m  linmn.  n  alliox).  °  significo.  p  quotus.  ?  advenio, 
§  260,  R.  7,  (2.)  r  obeo.  •  §  326,  3.  «  tempus,  pi.  u  incertus. 
*  sum.  w  corpus.  *  R.  1.  y  superus.  z  dissero.  aa  at  large, 
raulta.  66de.  cc  edaco.  dd  custodia.  *"  nolo.  ff  five  years  after, 
post  annum  quintum  quam.  ee  insto.  hh  §  224.  **  quam,  without 
post.  JJ  detraho.  tk  instrut:tus.  »  armatus.  mm  dedaco.  nn  raa- 
teries.  fle  pi. 

Tyre  was  taken"  in  the  seventh  month  after6  it  had  begun* 
to  be  besieged^.  Caesar  defeated*  Pharnaces,  son  of  Mithri- 
dates,  in  a  single f  battle^,  in  four  hours  after h  he  came  in 
sight*.  Gymnasia  were  invented  many  centuries J  before* 
philosophers  began  to  prate*  in  them.  As  to  what"*  Flavius 
says,  that  I  gave  security"  more0  than  twenty-five  years  ago* 
for7  Comificius,  I  wishr  you  would  take  pains*  to  ascertain* 
whether  it  is"  so.  If  Cn.  Pompey  had  lived"  five  hundred 
years  ago10,  death  would  have  extinguished  envy,  and  his 
exploits*  would  resty  on  the  glory*  of  an  immortal"  name. 
The  planet  Saturn66  completes"  its  revolution"  in  about6' 
thirty  years ;  the  planet  Jupiter66  completes  the  same  revo- 
lution ff  in  twelve  years.  The  tidegs  happens  twice  in  the 
space  of  twenty-four  hours.  Pompey,  in  forty-nine^''  days, 
added£i  Cilicia  to  the  Roman  empire.  The  army  of  Alexan- 
der, in  the  space  of  fifteen  days,  surmounted^  Caucasus, 
which  divides  Asia  with  a  continued  chainfcfc. 

A  capio.      6  quam,  without  post.      c  coepi.      d  oppugno.      *  profltgo 


160 


ABLATIVE    OF    THE    PLACE    IN    WHICH. 


$254. 


/  unus.  e  acies.  h  after,  quibus,  R.  I,  3d  paragraph.  *  conspec- 
tus, §  '235,  (2.)  ^  saeculum.  k  before,  ante,  i/i  tlte  first  clause,  and 
qu.'im,  in  the  second.  l  garrio.  m  §  20(5,  (14.)  n  to  give  security, 
spondeo.  °  arnplius.  f  abhinc,  with  abl.  R.  2.  5  pro.  r  §  2(50,  If. 
R.  4.  *  to  take  pains,  do  operam,  §  26^,  R.  4.  '  §  273,  1.  u  whether 
it  is,  sitne,  §  2G5.  "  sum.  w  abhinc.  with  ace.  x  res  ffestae.  y  ni- 
tor.  *  §  245,  II. 


sempiternus. 


sus.      "  fere.      //  orbis. 
4*  adjungo.      ii  supero. 


gen. 


res  gestae.      y 
conficio. 


ss  sestus  marls.      AA  undequinquagesimus 
':  jugum. 


ABLATIVE  OF  THE   PLACE  IN   WHICH,  &c. 

§  254.  The  name  of  a  town  in  ivhich  any  thing  is 
said  to  be,  or  to  be  done,  if  of  the  third  declension  or 
plural  number,  is  put  in  the  ablative  without  a  prepo- 
sition. 


I  suppose,  when  you  were  at 
Athens,  you  were  often  in  the 
schools  of  the  philosophers. 

Sulla  was  so  far  from  taking 
any  part,  that  he  was  all  the  while 
at  Naples. 

There  is  a  strong  report  at  Pu- 
teoli  that  Ptolemy  is  (restored  to 
his)  kingdom. 

Tolumnius,  king  of  the  Veien- 
tes,  killed  four  ambassadors  of  the 
Roman  people  at  Fidena3. 

Some  of  the  Greeks  affirm  that 
painting  was  invented  at  Sicyon  ; 
others,  among  the  Corinthians. 

They  say  that  Lysander  was 
wont  to  remark,  that  the  most 
honorable  abode  of  old  age  was 
at  Lacedgemon. 

At  Megara,  there  long  stood  in 
the  forum  a  wild  olive-tree,  to 
which  valiant  men  had  affixed 
their  arms,  which  the  bark,  in 
process  of  time,  growing  round, 
had  hidden. 


Sum  saepe,  credorcurn 
Athence  sum,  in  schola 
philosophus. 

Sulla  ita  quiesco,  ut  is 
tempus  omnis  Neapolis 
sum. 

Puteoli  magnus  sum 
rumor,  Ptolemseus  sum 
in  regnum. 

Tolumnius,  rex  Veien- 
tes,  quatuorlegatuspopu- 
lus  Romanus  Fidence  in- 
terimo. 

Graecus,  alius  Sicyon^ 
alius  apud  Corinthius  re- 
perio  affirmo  pictura. 

Lysander  dico  aio  so- 
leo,  Lacedamon  sum  ho- 
nestus  domiciiium  senec- 
tus. 

Megara  diu  sto  oleas- 
ter in  forum,  qui  vir  for- 
tis  afflgo  arma,  qui  cor- 
tex am  bio  longus  seias 
occulto, 


§254. 


ABLATIVE    OF    THE    PLACE    IN    WHICH. 


161 


The  learning  of  the  Athenians 
themselves  has  long  since  perished 
at  Athens,  (and)  yet  any  illiterate 
Athenian  can  easily  surpass  the 
most  learned  Asiatics  in  the 
sweetness  of  his  pronunciation. 

R.  1.  Manlius  spent  his  youth 
in  the  country. 

It  accidentally  happened  that 
we  were  in  the  country. 

The  father  suffered  him  to  be 
in  the  country. 

Give  my  compliments  to  Attica, 
who,  I  suppose,  is  in  the  country. 

He  has  always  lived  in  the 
country. 

L.  Manlius  was  accused,  be- 
cause he  had  banished  his  son  Ti- 
tus from  mankind,  and  had  order- 
ed him  to  live  in  the  country. 

R.  2.  A  ship  has  been  pre- 
pared for  us  both  in  Caieta  arid 
at  Brundisium. 

R.  3.  Memmius  relates  the 
crimes  of  Jugurtha  at  Rome  and 
in  Numidia. 

We  have  been  acquainted  with 
the  crimes  of  Verres,  not  only  in 
Sicily,  but  in  Achaia,  Asia,  Cili- 
cia,  Pamphylia,  and,  finally,  at 
Rome. 


Athena  jamdiu  doctri- 
na  ipse  Atheniensis  inter- 
eo,  tarnen  erudltus  homo 
AsiatTcus  quivis  Atheni- 
ensis indoctus  suavlter 
loquor"  facile  supero. 

Manlius  rus  juventa 
ago. 

Forte  evenio,  ut  rus 
sum. 

Pater  hie  rus  sum  pa- 
tior. 

Attica  salus  do,  qui 
rus  sum  arbitror. 

Rus  semper  habito. 

L.  Manlius  crimlnor, 
quod  Titus  filius  ab  ho- 
mo r  el  ego6,  et  rus  habito 
jubeo. 

Navis  et  in  Caieta  pa- 
ro  ego  et  Brundisium0. 

Memmius  Roma  Nu- 
midiaque  facinus  Jugur- 
tha memoro. 

Verres  flagitium  non 
in  Sicilia  solum,  sed  in 
Achaia,  Asia,  Cilicia, 
Pamphylia,  Roma  dem- 
que  nosco. 


a  §  275,  III.  R.  4.      &  §  2C6,  3.      c  §  221. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Timoleon  destroyed",  from  (its)  foundations,  the  citadel 
which  Dionysius  had  built6  at  Syracuse.  Tarquin  the  Proud 
died  at  Cuma.  The  oracles  at  Delphi  cease.  Quinctius 
was  a  man  of  patrician  family6,  who,  because**  he  was  lame 
from  a  wound,  determined"  to  pass  (his)  life  in  the  country. 


•  disjicio 


6  munio. 
14* 


'  gens.      d  quum.      e  constituo. 


162 


ABLATIVE    OF    THE    PLAGE    FROM   WHICH. 


§255, 


ABLATIVE   OF  THE  PLACE  FROM  WHICH,  &c. 

<$>  255.  After  verbs  expressing  or  implying  motion, 
the  name  of  a  town  whence  the  motion  proceeds  is  put 
in  the  ablative  without  a  preposition. 


Demaratus,  the  father  of  king 
Tarquin,  fled  from  Corinth  to 
Tarquinii,  and  established  his  for- 
tunes there. 

Caesar  departed  from  Tarrago- 
na, and  came  by  land*  to  Nar- 
bonne,  and  thence  to  Marseilles. 

Dionysius  sent  for  Plato  from 
Athens. 

Epaminondas  the  Theban  had 
a  slanderer,  one  Menaclides,  also 
from  Thebes. 

I  received  your  letters  from 
Placentia,  then  others  the  next 
day,  written  from  Blandeno. 

Csesar  retired  from  Alexandria, 
happy,  as  he  thought  himself6. 

He  had  gone  from  Rome,  un- 
acquainted with  military  affairs. 

JEschines,  (when)  condemned, 
left  Athens,  and  went  to  Rhodes. 

The  same  day  I  left  Capua,  and 
staid  at  Gales. 

I  received  a  packet  of  letters 
from  Rome,  without  a  letter  from 
you. 

R.  1.  I  am  undone  ;  for  now 
I  am  exiled  from  home;  I  fear 
my  brother,  lest  he  should  be 


Demaratus,  rex  Tar- 
quinius  pater,  fugio  Tar- 
quinii Corintkus,  et  ibi 
suus  fortuna  constituo. 

Caesar  Tarraco  disce- 
do,  pesque6  Narbon,  at- 
que  inde  Massilia  perve- 
nio. 

Dionysius  Plato  Athe- 
na; arccsso. 

Epaminondas  Theba- 
nus  habeo  obtrectator, 
Menaclides  quidam,  in- 
didem  T/tcbce. 

Accipio  tuus  literae 
datus  Placentia,  deinde 
alter  postridie  datus 
Blandeno. 

Ceesar  Alexandria  sui 
recipio  felix,  ut  sui  qui- 
dem  videor. 

Roma  proficiscor  res'* 
militaris  rudis. 

^Eschines  damno  cedo 
Athena,  et  sui  Rhodus 
confero. 

Is  dies  Capua  discedo, 
et  maneo  Cales6. 

Accipio  Roma  sine 
epistola  tuus  fasciculus 
liters?. 

Pereo  ;  nam  domus  ex~ 
ulo  nunc  ;  metuo  frater', 
ne  intus  sum;  porro  au- 


§256. 


ABLATIVE    AFTER    COMPARATIVES. 


163 


within;  and  moreover,  (T  fear) 
lest  my  father  should  have  re- 
turned from  the  country. 

When  Tully  returns  from  the 
country,  I  will  send  him  to  thee. 

A  way  must  be  tried,  by  which 
T  may  raise  myself  also  from  the 
ground. 

R.  2.  Libo  departed  from  Brun- 
disium. 

Bibulus  had  gone  by  ship  from 
Ephesus  to  Syria,  about  the  fif- 
teenth of  August. 

R.  3.  Cotta  fled  from  Sicily 
into  Africa. 

Clodius  came  from  Sardinia  to 
Rome. 

Dolabella  departs  from  Del  us. 

The  Indians  never  remove  from 
their  country. 

If  Pompey  quits  Italy,  what 
should  you  think  I  ought  to  do  ? 


tern,  pater  ne  rus  redeo 
jam. 

Cum  Tullius  rus  red' 
eof,  mitto  is  ad  tu. 

Tento^  via,  qui  ego 
quoque  possum*  tollo  hu- 
mus. 

Libo  discedo  a  Brun- 
disium. 

Bibulus  circiter  Idus 
Sextilis  ab  Ephesus  in 
Syria  navis6  profidscor. 

Cotta  ex  Sicilia  in  Af- 
rica profugio. 

Clodius  ex  Sardinia 
Roma  venio. 

Dolabella  Delus  profi- 
ciscor. 

Indi  nunquam  migro 
finis  suus. 

Si  Pompeius  Italia  ce- 
do%  quis  ego  ago  puto J  1 


•  lit.   on  foot.        b  pi.       c  lit.  as   he   seemed   to    himself.       *  §  213. 

•  §  229,  R.  5,  3d  paragraph.    /  §  145,  VI.     s  §  274,  R.  8.     *  §  260,  II. 

*  §  261,  2.     J  §  260,  ll.  R.  4. 


ABLATIVE   AFTER   COMPARATIVES. 

§  256.     The  comparative  degree  is  followed  by  the 
ablative,  when  quam  is  omitted. 

Who  was  ever  more  knowing        duis  hie   homo   sciens 

than  this  man?  unquamsum? 

What  is   more  shameful   than         Q,uis     sum     temeritas 

rashness?  turpis? 

Those    things    which    I    have         Is    qui    dico    sol    ipse 

said    are    clearer    than    the    sun  clarus  sum. 
itself. 

What  is   more  desirable  than        Quis  sum  optdbilis  so- 

wisdom  ?  pientia  ? 


164 


ABLATIVE  AFTER  COMPARATIVES. 


256. 


Nothing  is  more  commendable 
than  mildness  and  clemency. 

A  shameful  flight  from  death  is 
worse  than  any  death. 

What  is  more  disgraceful  than 
inconstancy,  levity,  and  fickle- 
ness? 

Nothing  is  more  delightful  than 
true  glory. 

(My)  country  is  much  dearer 
to  me  than  my  life. 

What  can  we  call  more  wretch- 
ed than  folly? 

What  is  more  pleasing  than 
literary  ease? 

Nothing  is  more  inconstant 
than  the  common  people,  nothing 
more  uncertain  than  the  inclina- 
tion of  mankind". 

There  is  nothing  more  pleasing 
to  man  than  the  light  of  truth. 

What  is  better  or  more  excel- 
lent than  goodness  and  benefi- 
cence ? 

Silver  is  less  valuable  than 
gold. 

Who  can  speak  of  the  institu- 
tions of  our  forefathers  better 
than  thou,  Scipio,  since  thou  art 
thyself  of  most  illustrious  ances- 
tors? 

No  man,  with  more  elegance 
than  Scipio,  diversified  the  inter- 
vals of  business  with  leisure. 

There  is  nothing  more  amiable 
than  virtue ;  nothing  which  more 
attracts  men  to  love. 

Tullus  Hostilius  (was)  not  only 
unlike  the  last  king,  but  even 
more  warlike  than  Romulus. 

R.  3.    Certainly  the  ignorance 


Nihil  sum  laudabilis 
placabilitas  atque  de- 
mentia. 

Turpis  fuga  mors  om- 
nis  sum  mors  malus. 

Quis  sum  inconstantia, 
mobilitas,  levitas  turpis  1 

Nihil  sum  dulcis  verus 
gloria. 

Patria  ego  vita  meus 
multus  sum  earns. 

Miser  stultitia  quis  pos- 
sum dico? 

Quis  sum  dulcis  otium 
literatus? 

Nihil  sum  incertus  vul- 
gus,  nihil  obscurus  volun- 
tas  homo. 

Nihil  sum  homoverltas 
lux  dulcis. 

Quis  sum  bonus,  aut 
quis  pr&stans  bomtas  et 
beneficentia  ? 

Vilis  sum  argentum 
aurum. 

Quis  tupotius,  Scipio, 
de  majores  dico6  institu- 
tum,  quum  sumc  clarus 
ipse  majores^? 

Nemo  elegans  Scipio 
intervallum  negotium  oti- 
um dispungo. 

Nihil  sum  amabilis 
virtus;  nihil  qui  magis 
allicio  homo  ad  dillgo'. 

Tullus  Hostilius  non 
solum  propior  rex  dis- 
similis,  sed  fcrox  etiam 
Romulus. 

Certe  ignoratio  futurus 


§  256. 


ABLATIVE    AFTER    COMPARATIVES. 


165 


of  future  evils  is  better  than  the 
knowledge. 

It  is  fit  that  our  country  should 
be  dearer  to  us  than  ourselves. 

R.  4.  The  Roman  people  saw 
nothing  with  more  pleasure  than 
the  elephants  with  their  towers. 

The  multitude,  when  they  have 
been  seized  with  a  groundless 
superstition,  are  more  obedient  to 
their  prophets  than  their  generals. 

Xerxes  was  defeated  by  the 
counsel  of  Themistocles,  more 
than  by  the  arms  of  Greece. 

The  hypocrisy  of  those  who  do 
many  (things)  that  they  may  seem 
beneficent,  is  more  allied  to  false- 
hood than  to  liberality. 

R.  6.  I  am  more  than  thirty 
years  old. 

The  camp  extended  more  than 
eight  miles  in  breadth. 

The  soldiers  fought  very  brave- 
ly more  than  four  hours. 

R.  9.  Many  feel  their  own 
wrongs  more  deeply  than  they 
ought. 

The  consuls  had  turned  the 
thoughts  of  the  citizens  more 
than  usual  to  themselves. 

Caesar  is  said  to  be  about  to 
come  sooner  than  was  expected. 

Old  age  is  naturally  rather 
loquacious. 

Most  of  the  exploits  of  Dat- 
ames  are  too  little  known. 

The  corn,  in  Gaul,  on  account 
of  the  drought,  had  been  unu- 
sually scanty. 

R."  10.  The  Po  is  inferior  to 
no  river  in  clearness. 


malum  utilis  sum  qudm 
scicntia. 

Decet  carus  sum/  pa- 
tria  ego  qudm  egometipse. 

Nikil  libenter  populus 
Rornanus  adspicio,  qudm 
elephantus  cum  turris 
suus. 

Multitudo,  ubi  vanus 
religio  capio,  bene  vatess 
qudm  dux  suus  pareo. 

Vinco  Xerxes  Themis- 
tocles magis  cons  ilium 
qudm  arma  Grsecia. 

Simulatio  is  qui  ut  be- 
neficus  videor  multus  fa- 
cio,  vamtas  sum  conjunc- 
tus  qudm  liber  alit  as, 

Plus  triginta  annus 
nascor. 

Castra  amplius  mille 
passus  octo  in  latitudo* 
pateo. 

Miles  amplius  hora 
quatuor  fortiter  pugno. 

Multus  injuria  suus 
graviter  cequus  habeo. 

Consul  plus  solitus 
converto  in  sui  civitas 
animus. 

Caesar  opinio  celeriter 
venio  dico. 

Senectus  sum  natura 
loquax. 

Obsciirus  sum  Data- 
mes  gestum  plerusque. 

Frumentum  in  Gallia 
propter  siccitas0  anguste 
provenio. 

Pad  us  sum  nullus  am- 
nis*  claritas  inferus 


166 


ABLATIVE    AFTER    COMPARATIVES. 


5*56 


Wisdom  accounts  all  human 
(things)  inferior  to  virtue. 

R.  11.  The  Suevi  labor  to  ob- 
tain corn  and  other  productions, 
more  patiently  than  would  be  ex- 
pected from  the  customary  inac- 
tivity of  the  Germans. 

R.  12.  The  besieged  engaged 
in  battle  more  fiercely  than  stead- 
ily. 

The  design  of  Maraces  was 
not  more  sagacious  in  its  plan, 
than  fortunate  in  its  issue. 

R.  13.  The  news  of  the  igno- 
minious peace  was  more  distress- 
ing than  (that)  of  danger. 

Galba  commanded  a  much 
higher  cross  than  the  rest  to  be 
erected. 

R.  14.  The  event  shows,  that 
we  have  aimed  at  quiet  from  the 
beginning,  and  have  sought  noth- 
ing else  than  the  common  liberty. 

R.  15.  (His)  opinion  was  un- 
derstood (as)  more  severe  than 
he  had  intended. 

R.  16.  The  towers  on  the 
walls  of  Babylon  are  higher  by 
ten  feet  than  the  walls. 

Augustus  bore  the  deaths  of 
his  family  a  good  deal  more  pa- 
tiently than  their  disgrace. 

It  is  a  custom  of  the  Sicilians 
sometimes  to  make  the  month 
longer  by  a  single  day,  or  by  two 
days. 

How  much  more  widely  the 
rule  of  duty  extends  than  that  of 
law! 


Sapientia  humanus  om- 
nis  inferus  virtus j  duco. 

Suevi  frumentum  cete- 
rusque  fructus  patienter, 
qudm  pro  solitus  Germa- 
nus  inertia  laboro. 

Obsessus  acriter  qudm 
constanter  praeliurn  ineo. 

Consilium  Maraces 
non  ratio  prudens  qudm 
eventus  felix  sum. 

Tristis  ignominiosus 
pax  magis,  quam  pericu- 
lum,  nuntius  sum. 

Galba  multus  prater 
ceterus  altus  statuo  crux 
jubeo. 

Ego  ab  initium  specto 
otium,  nee  quisquam 
alius  libcrtas  communis 
qusero,  exttus  declare. 

Sententia  graviter,  at- 
quc  ipse  sentio,  excipio. 

Turris  in  murus  Baby- 
lon deni  pes  quam  murus 
altus  sum. 

Allquantus  patienter 
mors  quam  dedecus  suus 
fero  Augustus. 

Sum  consuetude  Sicu- 
lus,  ut  nonnunquam  unus 
dies  longus  mensis  facio, 
aut  biduu?n. 

Quantus  late  officium 
pateo  quam  jus  regula ! 


•pi.     &§260.R.  5.     e§263,5.    <*  §  211,  R.  6.     • 
/  §  269,  R.  2.     *  §  223,  R.  2.    *  ace.    *  §  212.    /  all. 


§  275,  III.  R.  3. 


257.  ABLATIVE    ABSOLUTE.  157 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Long"  labor  would  be6  superfluous  in  (our)  studies,  if  it 
were  impossible6  to  find  out  any  thing'*  better  than  what 
has  gone  before".  Since  we  are  seeking-^  justice,  a  thing 
much*  more  precious*1  than  any1  gold,  we  certainly-7  ought 
to  shrink*  from  no  irksomeness  of  labor l.  The  battle  was 
more  fierce™  in  assault"  and  courage0,  than  regular9  in 
arrangement7.  Marseilles7",  more  faithful'  than  prudent1, 
delayed"  for  a  time**  the  haste  of  Caesar.  I  am  not  afraid", 
O  judges,  that",  inflamed  by  my  own  enmities*,  I  should 
seem  to  uttery  these  (things)  with  more  willingness*  than 
trutha(l.  The  road  by  which  all  travelled66  was  as  long 
againcc ,  but  it  abounded  with  every  thingrfd.  I  affirm"  this 
to  you,  that  you  are/7  in  nosg  greater  danger*'1  than  any 
one"  of  us^.  The  sun  is  many  timesH  larger  than  the 
earth.  The  more  difficult  a  thing""71  is,  the  more  hon- 
orablenn. 

a  comp.  6  fore,  §  261,  1.  c  it  is  possible,  licet.  d  nihil.  *  ichat  has 
gone  before,  prseteritus.  /  §  262,  5.  *"  R.  16.  h  cams.  *  omnis. 
J  profecto.  *  fugio.  '  irksomeness  of  labor,  molestia.  m  acer.  n  im- 
petus. °  animus,  pi.  p  compositus,  R.  12.  ?  ullus  ordo.  r  Massilia. 
*  faithful,  fide  bonus.  '  consilio  prudens,  R.  12.  u  moror.  "  tirneo. 
w  §  262,  R.  7.  *  lit.  by  the  hatred  of  my  oicn  enmities.  y  evoino. 
z  with  willingness,  libenter.  ia  with  truth,  vere.  bb  commeo,  §  145, 
II.  1.  cc  as  long  again,  alter  tantus  longus,  R.  16,  (2.)  dd  lit.  icas 
abounding,  fyc.  §213.  ee  confirmo.  //  §  272.  BS  nihilum,  R.  16. 
hh  discrlrnen.  **  quivis.  JJ  §  212.  kk  aliquam  diu.  ll  multis  parti- 
bus.  mm  quis,  §  137,  1,  c.  nn  praeclare. 


ABLATIVE   ABSOLUTE. 

«§>  257.  A  noun  and  a  participle  are  put  in  the  ab- 
lative called  absolute,  to  denote  the  time,  cause,  or  con- 
comitant of  an  action,  or  the  condition  on  which  it 
depends. 

When  pleasure  rules,  all  the  Magnus  virtus  jaceo 

greatest  virtues  must  lie  pros-  ornnis  necesse  sum,  vo- 

trate.  luptas  dominans. 

Pompey,   on    the    capture    of  Pompeius,  captus  Hie- 


168 


ABLATIVE    ABSOLUTE. 


§257. 


Jerusalem,  touched  nothing  that 
belonged  to  the  temple. 

In  the  three  hundred  and  sec- 
ond year  after  Rome  was  built, 
the  form  of  government  was 
changed  again,  the  supreme  pow- 
er being  transferred  from  the 
consuls  to  decemviri. 

A  very  great  earthquake  took 
place  in  the  reign  of  Tiberius 
Caesar,  twelve  cities  of  Asia  hav- 
ing been  leveled  in  one  night. 

When  the  tribunitian  power 
had  been  granted  by  the  senators 
to  the  people,  arms  dropped  (from 
their  hands,)  and  faction  was  ex- 
tinguished. 

Galba,  having  fought  several 
successful  battles,  and  taken  ma- 
ny of  their  fortifications,  when 
ambassadors  had  been  sent  to 
him  from  all  quarters,  and  hos- 
tages had  been  given,  having 
brought  about  a  peace,  deter- 
mined to  station  two  cohorts 
among  the  Nantuates. 

When  the  Germans  heard  a 
shout  behind  (them,)  throwing 
away  their  arms,  and  abandoning 
their  standards,  they  rushed  forth 
from  (their)  camp. 

A  jar  began  to  be  formed  ;  why, 
as  the  wheel  revolves,  does  a 
pitcher  come  forth? 

The  Athenians,  having  been  ap- 
prized of  these  events,  (and)  fear- 
ing, lest,  if  the  Lacedaemonians 
were  again  victorious,  they  should 
be  reduced  to  their  former  condi- 
tion of  servitude,  assembled  an 
armv. 


rosolyma,  ex  ille  fanum 
nihil  attingo. 

Annus  trecenteslrnus 
alter  quain"  condo  Roma, 
iterum  muto  forma  civi- 
tas,  ab  consul  ad  de- 
cemvir translates  impe- 
rium. 

Magnus  terra  existo 
motus  Tiberius  Caesar 
principatus,  duodecim 
urbs  Asia  unus  nox  pros- 
t  rat  us. 

Concessus  plebs  a  pa- 
ter tribunitius  potcstas, 
arma  cado,  et  seditio 
restinguo. 

Galba,  secundus  ali- 
quot prceliumfactusb,  cas- 
tellumque  complures  is 
ezpugndtus* ,  missus  ad  is 
undique  legdtus,  obses- 
que  datus,  et  pax  fac- 
tusb,  constituo  cohors 
duo  in  Nantuates  collo- 
co. 

Germanus,  post  ter- 
gum  clamor  auditusb)  ar- 
ma abjectus,  signumque 
militaris  relictus,  sui  ex 
castra  ejicio. 

Amphora  ccepi  insti- 
tuo ;  currens  rota  cur 
urceus  exeo  1 

Qui  res  cogmtus,  Athe- 
niensis  verens,  ne,  ite- 
rum Laced&monius  vic- 
torc ,  in  pristinus  sors 
servttus  redigo,  exerci- 
tus  contraho 


§  257.  ABLATIVE    ABSOLUTE.  169 

The  Arcadians,  having  armed  Armdtus  instructuscpiQ 

and  equipped  an  army,  (and)  hav-  exercitus   Areas,    adhibi- 

ing  called  to  their  assistance  the  tus    in   auxilium    Thebd- 

Thebans,  seek  by  war  to  recover  nus,  amissus  bellum  rep- 

(their)  lost  (possessions.)  eto. 

•  §  253,  R.  1,  2d  paragraph,  last  clause.       *>  R.  5.       e  R.  7. 

English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

They*  say  that  ^Eschines,  at  the  request  of  the  Rhodians, 
read  his  own  oration,  and  then  (that)  of  Demosthenes,  each 
with  the  loudest6  applause0.  A  yoke  is  made  of  three 
spearsd,  two  being  fixed  in  the  ground,  and  one  tied6  across7 
above  (them.)  Democritus,  when  his  eyesight e  was  lostt 
could  not  distinguish  black'1  from*  white'1 ;  but  he  could, 
good'1  from  evil,  justice J  from  injustice,  honorable  from  base 
(things.)  Eclipses  are  not  visible*  every  where,  sometimes 
on  account  of  the  clouds',  more  frequently"1  on  account  of 
the  interposition  of  the  sphere  of  the  earth".  The  old  Ro- 
mans all  wished  that  kingly  power  should  be  exercised0,  as 
the  char nip  of  liberty  had  not  yet  been  experienced'1.  When 
a  vessel r  has  been  put  in  rapid  motion8 ,  after'  the  rowers 
have  stopped",  the  vessel  itself  still  retains  its  movement  and 
progress0,  though  the  force"  and  impulse1  of  the  oars  7ms 
been  suspcndcdy.  This  not  only  cannot  be  praised,  but 
not  even  allowed*,  that  we  should  not  defend  even  (those 
who  are)  most  completely  strangers™  (to  us,)  though  our 
own  friends  accuse  (them.)  Caelius  writes  that  C.  Flamini- 
us  fell  at66  Trasymenus,  to"  the  severe**  injury8'  of  the 
republic,  by  neglecting  the  rites  of  religion^.  Scipio,  by 
the  overthrow  of  two  cities,  destroyed  not  only  actual",  but 
future  wars. 

*  §  209,  R.  2,  (2.)  *  summua.  e  clamor.  d  §  247.  •  deligatua. 
f  transversus.  *  lumen,  pi.  h  §  205,  R.  7,  (2.)  »  et.  J  icquus. 
k  to  be  visible,  cernor.  l  nubllum.  m  saepe.  n  on  account  of  the,  in- 
terposition, fyc.,  globo  terrae  obstanle.  °  to  exercise  kingly  power, 
regno.  p  dulcedo.  '  expertus.  r  navigium.  *  to  put  in  rapid 
motion,  conclto.  *  quum.  u  inhibeo.  *  cursus.  w  impetus.  *  pul- 
sus.  y  intermissus.  z  concede.  ia  most  completely  strangers, 
alienissimi.  bb  apud.  cc  cum.  d'1  magnus.  ee  vulnus.  ." 
of  religion,  religio.  eg  proesens. 
15 


170 


ABLATIVE    ABSOLUTE. 


§257, 


WITH   A  NEGATIVE  WORD,   IN  THE    SENSE   OF    WITHOUT  OR 

UNLESS. 


Darius  entered  Scythia  without 
the  enemy's  giving  him  an  op- 
portunity to  fight. 

The  eye  distinguishes  white 
from  black  without  any  one's 
suggestion. 

What  is  so  like  madness,  as 
the  empty  sound  even  of  the 
best  and  most  elegant  words, 
without  any  meaning  at  the  bot- 
tom? 

In  this  war  no  calamity  has 
happened  without  my  predict- 


it. 


Darius  Scythia  ingre- 
dior,  non  faciens  hostis 
pugna  potestas. 

A  niger  albus,  etiam 
nullus  monens,  ociilus 
distinguo. 

Quis  sum  tarn  furio- 
sus,  quam  verbum  vel 
bonus  atque  ornatus  son- 
Jtus  inanis,  nullus  sub- 
jectus  sententia  ? 

Hie  in  bellum  nihil 
adversus*  accido,  non 
prcedicens  ego. 


•  §  212,  R.  3,  N.  3. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  Athenians,  without  waiting?  for  reinforcements*, 
march  out0  to  battle**  against  six  hundred  thousand  men. 
Who  is  there  that  would  venture'  to  calK  himself  a  philoso- 
pher, without  giving5  any  moral  precepts'1  ?  Nature  gave 
the  use  of  life,  as*  of  money,  without  fixing*  any  termk. 
Nothing  can  happen1  unless  some  cause  precedes. 


*  expectatus. 
R.  5.      /  dico. 


sing.      c  egredior.       d  prselium.       '  audeo,  §  260, 


e  tradendus.       A  a  moral  precept,  prseceptum  officii. 
*  tanquam.      1  praestitutus.       k  dies.       l  evenio. 


R.  5.  Others  find  fault  with 
what  Octavianus  said  and  did,  as 
if,  having  lost  his  fleet  by  a  tem- 
pest, he  had  exclaimed,  that  he 
would  gain  the  victory  even 
against  the  will  of  Neptune. 

The  father  of  Tiberius  re- 
mained alone  in  the  party  of  L. 
Antonius,  and  escaped  first  to 
Prseneste,  and  thence  to  Naples, 


Alius  dictum  factum- 
que  Octavianus  crimmor, 
quasi  classis  tempestas 
perditus,  exclamo",  etiam 
invitus  Neptunus6  victo- 
ria sui  adipiscor. 

Tiberius  pater  solus  L. 
Antonius  in  parsc  perma- 
neo,  ac  primo  Praeneste, 
deinde  Neapolisrf  evado, 


§257. 


ABLATIVE    ABSOLUTE. 


171 


and  having  in  vain  offered  eman-  servusque  frustra  ad  pi- 

cipation  to  the  slaves,  he  fled  into  leus   vocdtus,   in    Sicilia 

Sicily.  profugio. 

Seneca    relates    that  Tiberius,         Seneca  scribo  Tiberi- 

having   suddenly    called    for    his  us,  subito  vocdtus  minis- 

attendants,   and    no   one  answer-  ter,  ac  nemo  respondens, 

ing,  rose,  and,   his  strength   fail-  consurgo,    nee   procul  a 

ing  him,  he  fell  not  far  from  the  lectiilus     deficiens     visc 

bed.  concido. 

a  §  203,  2.       *  R.  7.       e  pi.      *  §  79, 1. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

About"  twenty-seven  senators  followed  Vibius  Virius 
home6,  and  feasted  with  him;  and  having  abstracted*  (their} 
minds  as  much  as  they  could**  by  (means  of)  wine,  from  the 
sense  of  the  impending*  evil,  they  all  took-''  poison.  Phy- 
sicians, having  found  the  cause  of  a  disease,  think*  that  the 
cure  is  found''.  Darius,  having  heard1  the  news  of  the  ill 
health  of  Alexander,  marched^  with  the  greatest  rapidity* 
to  the  Euphrates.  Theopompus  the  Lacedaemonian,  hav- 
ing changed1  garments"1  with  his  wife,  escaped  from  cus- 
tody as  a  woman. 

0  ferme.  6  §  237,  R.  4.  °  alienatus.  «*  lit.  were  able  to  do.  •  im- 
minens.  /sumo.  e  puto.  h  perf.  *  accipio.  i  contendo. 
*  celerltas.  l  permutatus.  m  habitus,  sing. 


R.  7.  When  nature  and  virtue 
are  our  guides,  no  error  can  pos- 
sibly be  committed. 

Under  the  command  of  Pausa- 
nias,  Mardonius  was  driven  from 
Greece. 

A  spacious  house  often  be- 
comes a  disgrace  to  its  owner,  if 
it  be  without  visitors,  and  espe- 
cially if  it  used  once  to  be  fre- 
quented, when  it  had  another 
owner. 

An  oath  is  a  religious  affirma- 


Natura  et  virtus  dux 
erroa  nullus  modus  pos- 
sum6. 

Pausanias  dux  Mar- 
donius Graecia  fugo. 

Amplus  domus  dede- 
cus  dommus"  saepe  fio,  si 
hospes  careo,  et  maxime, 
si  aliquando,  alius  domi- 
nus,  soleo  frequento. 

Sum  jusjurandum  re- 


172  ABLATIVE    ABSOLUTE.  §  257. 

tion  ;  what  you  have  promised,  ligiosus  affirmatio;  qui 
therefore,  with  the  attestation  of  igitur,  Dcus  tcstis,  pro- 
Gad,  must  be  observed.  mitto,  is  teneod. 

Wisdom  is  the  only  thing  which  Sapientia  sum  unus 

banishes  sorrow  from  (our)  minds,  qui  moestitia  pello'  ex  an- 

suffers  us  not  to  shudder  with  imus,  qui  ego  exhorresco 

fear;  and  under  the  instruction  metus  non  sino%  quipra- 

of  which  we  can  live  in  tranquil-  ccptrix,  in  tranquillitas 

lity.  vivoa  possum6. 

Augustus  was  born  in  the  con-  Nascor  Augustus,  M. 

sulship  of  M.  T.  Cicero  and  Tullius  Cicero  et  Anto- 

Aritonius,  on  the  twenty-third  nius  consul  nonus  calen- 

of  September,  a  little  before  sun-  dae7  October s  paulo  ante 

rise.  sol  exortus. 

"  pass.      »  §  209,  R.  3,  (6.)       c  §  227.      *  §  274,  R.  8.      e  §  204, 
10.       /  §  326,  3.     e  adj.  §  326,  5,  M  paragraph. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Thales  the  Milesian  (was  the)  first*  (who)  predicted  an 
eclipse  of  the  sun,  which  took  place6  in  the  reign  of  Holy at- 
tes,  in  the  one  hundred  and  seventieth  year  of  the  building6 
of  the  city.  A  peroration,  which  is  called  epilogus,  of  C. 
Galba  is  extant,  which,  when  we  were  boys,  was  so  much 
esteemed^,  that  we  even  got  it  by  heart6.  Know7  that  no 
one  dined^  in  the  consulship  of  Caninius,  that  no*  crime* 
was  committed6  in  his  consulship.  Brutus  created  for  his 
own  colleague j  Valerius,  by  whose  aidk  he  had  expelled'  the 
kings.  My  father  Hamilcar  went  into  Spain  (as)  com- 
mander"1 when  I  was  a  little  boy,  not  more"  than  nine  years 
old0.  Augustus  travelled7'  frequently  into  the  eastern  and 
western  provinces,  accompanied9  by  Lima.  Lentulus,  a 
consular  man,  and  pretor  for  the  second  time7",  Cethegus, 
and  other  men  of  illustrious*  name,  were  put  to  death'  in 
prison  by  the  authority  of  the  senate.  Isocrates  arose"  when 
Gorgias,  Protagoras,  and  the  others  whom  I  have  just"  men- 
tioned, were  already  old  men. 

a  primus  omnium.  6  fio.  c  §  274,  R.  5.  d  lit.  was  in  so  great 
honor.  'to  get  by  heart,  edisco.  /  §  162,  4.  e  §  272.  h  nihil. 
*  malum,  §  212.  J  lit.  colleague  for  himself.  k  adjutor.  '  ejicio 
m  imperator.  n  not  more,  utpSte  non  amplius.  °  natus.  p  roeo 


§  258.  CONNECTION    OF    TENSES.  173 

J  comes.       T  for  the  second  time,  iterum.       '  clarus.      { to  put  to  death, 
neco.       "  existo.       *  paulo  ante. 

The  effects0  of  thunder  (are)  wonderful ;  money6  is  melt- 
edc,  while  the  pursed  is  entire;  the  sword  is  liquefied,  while 
the  scabbard  remains.  Ships  cannot  enter6  the  harbor  of 
Alexandria  against  the  will f  of  those  by  whom  the  Pharos 
is  occupied^.  We  know  that  the  muscles*  are  diseased 
when  they  move*"1  against  our  will.  The  sons*  of  Tiberius 
Gracchus,  grandsons  of  P.  Scipio  Africfmus,  died-7'  in  the 
lifetime  of  (their)  mother  Corneliak,  daughter  of  Africanus. 
There  is  a  difference  between  the  case  of  a  man'  who  is  op- 
pressed by  calamity,  and  of  one"1  who  seeks  better  things, 
when  his  affairs  are  in  no  respect  unprosperous* .  Octavius 
died  suddenly0,  as  he  was  leaving'  Macedonia7,  before  he 
could  declare7"  himself  a  candidate  for  the  consulship* ; 
leaving  behind  him  (7ws)  children,  Octavia*  the  elder,  Octa- 
via  the  younger,  (and)  also  Augustus.  Mithridates  carried 
on  war  with  the  Romans  forty-four  years"  with  various  suc- 
cess13. It  is  certain  that  an  eclipse  of  the  sun  does  not  take 
place"*  except  at  the  very  change31  of  the  moon,  andy  of  the 
moon  only*  when  full. 

a  opus.  6  argentum.  c  conflo.  d  loculus,  pi.  e  intro  in. 
f  against  the  icill,  invltus.  e  teneo.  h  nervus.  *  liberi.  J  lit. 
had  an  end  (exitus)  of  life.  k  lit.  (their)  mother  Cornelia  being  still 
(adhuc)  alive.  l  there  is  a  difference,  fyc. ;  lit.  his  case  (causa)  is  dif- 
ferent (alius.)  m  is.  n  when  his  affairs,  fyc.  ;  lit.  no  affairs  of  his 
(suus)  being  adverse.  °  died  suddenly,  mortem  obiit  repentmam.  p  as 
he  was  leaving,  decedens.  q  §  242.  r  profiteer.  *  gen.  '  lit.  (his) 
children  (liberi)  Octavia,  fyc.  surviving  (superstes.)  u  §  236,  R.  5. 
*  victoria.  w  to  take  place,  fio.  *  at  the  very  change,  lit.  (Icing) 
very  new.  y  autem.  z  non  nisi.  °*  pass.  §  248,  R.  1,  2d  para- 
graph. 


CONNECTION   OF  TENSES. 

j  I.  Similar  tenses  only  can,  in  general,  be 
made  to  depend  on  each  other,  by  means  of  those  con- 
nectives which  are  followed  by  the  subjunctive  mood. 

1,  (1.)     Such    is   the   corrup-  Tantus  sum  corruptela 

tion  of  bad  habit,  that  the  sparks  mains  consuetudo,  ut  ab 

of  virtue  are  extinguished  by  it ;  is  tanquam  i<rnicolus  vir- 
15* 


174 


CONNECTION    OF    TENSES. 


§258. 


and  vices  spring  up  and  are  con- 
firmed. 

Sisygambis  said,  O  king,  you 
deserve  that  we  should  pray  for 
those  things  for  you,  which  we 
prayed  for  formerly  for  our  Dari- 
us;  and,  as  I  perceive,  you  are 
worthy  of  having  surpassed  so 
great  a  king,  not  in  good  fortune 
only,  but  in  equity. 

There  is  not  a  province,  I  be- 
lieve, excepting  only  Africa  and 
Sardinia,  which  Augustus  did  not 
visit. 

There  are  some  who  have  re- 
lated that  Marius  fell  engaging 
with  Telesinus. 

(2.)  In  the  epistles  of  Cicero 
to  Atticus,  every  thing  relating  to 
the  changes  of  the  republic  is  so 
described  that  (there  is)  nothing 
(which)  does  not  appear  in  them. 

Nature  has  lavished  such  great 
abundance  of  things,  that  those 
which  are  produced  appear  to 
have  been  bestowed  upon  us  in- 
tentionally, not  to  have  originated 
accidentally. 

Silius  has  done  well  in  having 
come  to  terms,  for  I  wished  not 
to  disappoint  him,  and  yet  feared 
what  I  could  do. 

I  have  attained  this  by  my  ex- 
ploits, that  I  am  thought  a  safe 
debtor. 

Few  have  been  found  who  have 
exposed  their  lives  to  the  weapons 
of  the  enemy  with  no  reward  in 
view. 

(3.)  I  shall  find  many  whom  I 
can  easily  persuade  of  whatever  I 
wish. 

They    could    not    destroy    all 


tus  extinguo;  exoriorque 
et  conjirmo  vitium. 

Sisygambis,  rex,  in- 
quam,  jnercor  ut  is  precor 
tu,  qui  Darius  noster 
quondam  precor  ;  et,  ut 
video,  dignus  sum  qui 
tantus  rex  non  felicltas 
solum,  sed  etiam  equltas 
supero*. 

Non  sum  provincia,  ut 
oplnor,  exceptus6  duntax- 
at  Africa  et  Sardinia, 
quic  Augustus  non  adcod. 

Sum  qui  Marius  con- 
currens  cum  Telesinus 
occumbo  prodo* '. 

In  Cicero  ad  Atticus 
epistola  sic  omnis  de  mu- 
tatio  respublica  perscri- 
boS,  uts  nihil  in  is  non 
apparco. 

Tantus  res  ubertas  na- 
tura  largior,  utg  is  qui 
gigno  dono*  consulto 
ego,  non  fortulto  nascor*1, 
videor. 

Bene  facio  Silius  qui 
transigoi,  neque  enim  is-^ 
desum  volo,  et  quis  pos- 
sum*  timeo. 

Ego  res  meus  gestus 
hie  assequor,  ut  bonus 
nomen  existimo. 

Paucus  reperior  qui 
nullusprsemium'  propost- 
tus  vita  suus  hostis  telum 
objicio*. 

Reperio  multus  quim 
quisquis"  volo0  facile  jJtr- 
suadeop. 

Testis  omnis,  si  cupio*, 


§258. 


CONNECTION    OF    TENSES. 


175 


witnesses,  (even)  if  they  wished  ; 
for  as  long  as  the  human  race 
shall  exist,  there  will  not  be  want- 
ing some  one  to  accuse  them. 

I  think  that  Cgesar  will  take 
care  to  withdraw  his  troops ;  for 
he  will  gain  a  victory,  if  he  is 
made  consul. 

If  the  conversation  of  Curio 
shall  produce  any  thing  of  such  a 
kind  that  it  requires  to  be  written 
to  you,  I  will  subjoin  it  to  my  let- 
ter. 

As  long  as  Pompey  was  in  Ita- 
ly, I  ceased  not  to  hope  ;  now, 
even  if  I  must  make  the  trial  with 
danger,  I  will  try,  at  any  rate,  to 
escape  hence. 

2,  (1.)  Other  dissensions  were 
of  such  a  kind  that  they  tended 
not  to  the  destruction  but  to  the 
change  of  the  state. 

I  did  not  suppose  that,  when  a 
consul  elect  was  defended  by  the 
son  of  a  Roman  knight,  his  ac- 
cusers would  speak  of  the  new- 
ness of  his  family. 

This  affair  made  it  very  diffi- 
cult for  Cresar"  to  determine 
what  plan  to  adopt,  lest,  if  he  led 
his  troops  rather  early  from  their 
winter  quarters,  he  should  be  in 
straits  for  provisions. 

(2.)  Some  fathers  of  families 
provided  by  their  will,  that  vic- 
tims should  be  led  to  the  Capitol, 
and  vows  discharged  for  them  by 
their  heirs,  because  they  had  left 
Augustus  alive. 

The  state  was  so  arranged  by 
the  skill  of  Servius  Tullius,  that 
all  the  distinctions  of  patrimony, 


interficio  non  possum7; 
nam  dum  homo  genus 
sum,  qui  accuso*  is,  non 
desum. 


Ego  putoCsesar 
ut  presidium  deduco  ; 
vinco"  enim  si  consul  fa- 
cio*. 

Si  quis  Curio  sermo 
ejusmodi  affero*  qui  ad 
tu  scribo1,  is  literoe  meus 
adjungo. 

Quoad  Pompeius  in 
Italia  sum,  spero  non  de- 
sisto;  nunc,  si  vel  peric- 
iilum  experior",  experior 
certe,  ut  hinc  avolo. 

Alius  dissensio  sum9 
ejusmodi,  qui  non  ad  de- 
leo™  sed  ad  commuto" 
respublica  pertineo0  . 

Non  arbitror9  %  quum 
consul  designatus  ab  e- 
ques  Romanus  films  de- 
fcndo1,  de  genus  novitas 
accusator  dicoy. 

Magnus  hie  res  diffi- 
cultas  ad  consilium  ca- 
pio1*  Caesar  affero,  ne,  si 
mature0"1,  ex  hiberna  co- 
pia  educo,  ab  res  frumen- 
tarius  laboro. 

Nonnullus  pater-famil- 
ias66  testamentum  caveo, 
ut  ab  hoeres  suus  victima 
in  Capitol  ium  duco,  vo- 
tumquecc  pro  sui  solvo, 
quod  superstes  Augustus 
relinqiio'11  . 

Servius  Tullius  soller- 
tia  ita  ordino  respublica, 
ut  omnis  patrimonium, 


176 


CONNECTION    OF    TENSES. 


258. 


dignity,  age,  trades,  and  offices, 
were  registered. 

Augustus  brought  up  his  daugh- 
ter and  granddaughters  in  such 
a  way,  that  he  even  accustomed 

ithem)  to  spinning,  and   forbade 
them)  to  say  or  do  any  thing  but 
what  might  be  inserted  in  the  dai- 
ly register. 

(3.)  I  had  heard  from  himself 
how  generously  he  had  been 
treated  by  you. 

Neither  by  letter,  nor  by  decree 
of  the  senate,  had  the  consuls 
commanded  me  what  I  should  do. 
There  was  a  strong  west  wind, 
and  the  soldiers  (of  Alexander) 
had  cut  down  a  great  deal  of 
wood,  that  they  might  make  a 
passage  through  the  rocks  :  it  had 
been  dried  by  the  heat,  and  fire 
being  set  (to  it,)  the  wind  carried 
the  flame  against  the  faces  of  the 
enemy. 

R.  4.  Socrates  was  accustomed 
to  say,  that  all  (men)  were  suf- 
ficiently eloquent  in  that  which 
they  understood. 

Tiberius  replied  to  the  ambas- 
sadors of  Ilium,  who  were  some- 
what late  in  their  condolence, 
that  he  also  grieved  for  their  mis- 
fortune, because  they  had  lost 
(their)  illustrious  citizen,  Hector. 

They  say  that  Pyrrhus,  the 
greatest  master  of  the  gymnastic 
games,  used  to  enjoin  upon  those 
whom  he  was  training,  that  they 
should  not  be  angry. 

In  the  mean  time,  I  shall  de- 
light myself  with  the  muses;  and 
it  will  never  occur  to  me  to  envy 


dignitas,  aetas,  ars,  offici- 
umque  discrlmen  in  tabu- 
la refe.ro. 

Filia  et  neptis  ita  in- 
stituo  Augustus,  ut  etiam 
lanificium  assuefatio,  ve- 
^que  loquor  aut  ago  quis- 
quam,  nisi  qui  in  diurnus 
commentarius  referoee. 

Ego  ex  ipse  audio, 
quam  a  tu  liberaliter 
tractok. 

Consul  neque  senatus 
consultum  neque  literre 
prcccipio  ego  quis  faciok. 

Vehemens  Favonius 
sum,  et  multus  materia 
cccdo  miles'",  ut  adTtus 
per  saxum/aao:  hie  va- 
por inaresco,  ignisque  in- 
jectus  flamma  in  os  hos- 
tis  ventus  fero". 


Socrates  dico  soleo,  om- 
nis  in  is,  qui  scioff  satis 
sum  eloquens. 

Iliensis  legatus,  paulo 
serose  consolans,  rcspon- 
dco  Tiberius,  sui  quoque 
vicisftA  is  doleo,  quod 
egregius  civis  Hector 
amittoii. 

Pyrrhus,  magnus  prae- 
ceptor  certamen  gymni- 
cus,  soleo  aio  hie,  qui  ex- 
erceo,  prcecipio,  ne  iras- 
cor. 

Interea  cum  musa  ego^ 
delecto ;  nee  ego**  un- 
quam  venio  in  mens  Cras- 


§258. 


CONNECTION    OF    TENSES. 


177 


Crassus,  or  to  regret  that  I  have 
not  departed  from  my  own  course 
of  conduct"1"1. 

I  see  you  are  collecting  every 
thing  respecting  the  republic, 
which  you  think  can  give  me  any 
hope  of  a  change  of  affairs. 

I  wrote  back  immediately  to 
Pompey,  that  I  was  not  seeking 
where  I  might  be  most  safely. 

Parmenio  reached  Damascus 
on  the  fourth  day,  the  prefect 
already  fearing  that  no  trust  had 
been  reposed  in  him. 

When  I  doubt  what  it  is  right 
for  me  to  do,  my  affection  for 
Pompey  has  great  weight  (with 
me.) 


sus  invideo,  neque  pceni- 
tco  quod  a  ego  ipse  non 
descisco11. 

De  respublica  video  tu 
omnis  coHigo,  qui  putonn 
aliquis  spes  ego  possum 
affero  muto00  res. 

Pompeius  statim  rescri- 
bo,  non  ego  quaro,  ubi 
tute  sum. 

Parmenio  Damascus 
quartus  dies  pervcnio, 
jam  metuens  prsefectus  ne 
sui  fides  non  habeo. 

Dubitans  egopp  quis 
ego  facio  par  sumgq, 
magnus  pondus  affero 
benevolentia  erga  Pom- 
peius. 


0  §  264,  9.      6  §  205,  R.  2,  Exc.      e  §  233.      <*  §  264,  7.      •  §  264,  6. 
/  per/.     «•  §  262,  R.I.     *  §  269,  R.  3,  last  clause.     *  §  264,  8.    J  §  226, 
R.     ><  §  265.     i  pi.  §  257.     »  §  223,  R.  2.     "  §  229.     °  §  260,  II.  R.  4. 
9   &  9fil     1         ••   R  973    1     3//  paratrraph. 
w  §275,  II. 


264,  1,  34  paragraph. 


145,'  VI.      '  §  274;  8.      u   §  209,'  R.  (3.)  "  °  imp. 

263,  5,  R.  2.       y  §  272.       *  lit.  brought  great  difficulty  to  Ccesar. 

256,  R.  9,  2d  paragraph.       lb  §  43,  2.       cc  smo-.        dd  §  266,  3. 

266,  1.       //  §  266,^2.       ss  §  256,  R.  9,  24  paragraph.       *h  ace. 

266, 3.  JJ  pi.  **  §  225,  IV.  5th  paragraph.  »  §  273.  5.  7nm  /i*. 
/rom  mT/^c//.  nn  §  264, 1 , ^paragraph.  °°  §  275,  II.  PP  §  224. 
«»  §  265. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

They  believed"  that  he  who  loas  eminent1  in  wisdom*  had 
been  a  scholar^  of  Pythagoras.  I  do  not  even  now"  discuss f 
what  would*  be  easiest'1.  There  are  many  (things)  probable 
by  which  the  life  of  a  wise  man  is  regulated1.  You  will  per- 
ceive by'  the  same  books,  both  what*  I  did1  and  what*  I  said. 
Rabirius  was"  among771  those  whom  he  would  have  beenn  most 
mad0,  if  he  had  opposed?,  most  base  if  he  had  deserted*. 
Solon,  when  he  was  askedr ,  why  he  had  ordained"  no  punish- 
ment for*  him  who  killed11  his  parent,  replied,  that  he  had 
thought*  that  no  one  would  do  it.  This  ought  rather  to 


178  INDICATIVE    MOOD.  §  259. 

have  been  prescribed",  that  we  should  take*  suchy  care2"  in 
forming'"1  friendships,  that  we  should  at  no  time66  begin"  to 
love  oney,  whom  we  could  ever**  hate.  Caesar  entertaincdr 
confident  hopes*",  that,  when  his  demands  ff  should  be 
known,  it  would  come,  to  passgs  ,  that  Ariovistus  would  de- 
sisthh  from  his  obstinacy'1.  Ariovistus  dcspatchedjj  a  part 
of  his  forces  to  assaultkk  the  smaller  camp.  When  Caesar 
had  sent  messengers  to  the  Sigambri  to  demand11  that  they 
should  surrender  to  him  those  who  had  made  war  uponmm  him 
and  upon  Gaul,  they  replied,  that  the  Rhine  terminated""  the 
empire  of  the  Roman  people. 


*  perf.      *  to  be  eminent,  excello.       c  §  250.      d  auditor.      '  §  279,  3, 
5th  paragraph,     f  dispute.     e  §  145,  R.  2,  2d  paragraph.     A  expeditus. 

*  rego.    i  ex.     *  pi.      l  gero.      m  cum.      "  §  2G1,  1.     °  amens.     p  op- 
pugno,  §  261,  1.       1  relinquo.      r  imp.       *  constituo.       r  in.       "  neco, 
§  266,  R.  4.        °  puto.       w  prsecipio,  §  274,  R.  8.        *  adhibeo.       »  is. 

*  diligentia.         aa  comparo.        bb  at  no  time,  ne  quando.         cc  incipio. 
dd  aliquando.        "  to  entertain  confident  hopes,  niagnam  in  spem  venio. 
ff  postulatum,  §  257.        ee  that  it  would  come  to  poss,  fore.       hh  §  268, 
R.  4.      "  pertinacia.      H  mitto.       kk  oppugno,  §  264,  5.       ll  §  264,  5. 
mm  to  make  war  upon,  inffiro  bellum.     nn  finio. 


INDICATIVE  MOOD. 

<§>  259.  The  indicative  mood  is  used  in  independent 
and  absolute  assertions.  It  is  often  employed,  also,  in 
conditional  and  dependent  clauses,  to  denote  that  which 
is  supposed  or  admitted.  It  may  likewise  be  used  in 
interrogations. 

The  liberty  of  the  Roman  peo-  Libertas  ago  populus 

pie  is  at  stake.  Romanus. 

The  inclinations  of  the  citizens  Diversus  voluntas  civis 

have  been  different.  sum. 

Fear  made  you  good.  Tu  bonus  timor  facio. 

Our  reasoning  agrees  ;  our  Ian-  Ratio  noster  consentio; 

guage  differs.  oratio  pugno. 

The  remembrance  of  slavery  Jucundus  facio  liber- 
will  make  liberty  more  pleasant.  tas  servitus  recordatio. 

A  dispute  about  a  word  disturbs  Verbum  controversia 

men.  torqueo  homo, 


INDICATIVE    MOOD. 


179 


Time  itself  brings  me  comfort. 

Did  you  dare  to  speak  against 
me  before  the  conscript  fathers  1 

How  difficult  it  is  not  to  betray 
guilt  in  the  countenance ! 
Riches  do  not  make  a  king. 
He  is  a  king  who  fears  nothing. 

In  requiting  a  favor,  we 
ought,  if  we  believe  Hesiod,  to 
imitate  fertile  fields,  which  give 
much  more  than  they  have  re- 
ceived. 

If  you  are  poor,  ^Emilianus, 
you  will  always  continue  poor : 
riches  are  now  given  to  none  but 
to  the  rich. 

Behold  the  rainbow  draws  wa- 
ter; it  will  rain,  I  believe,  to-day. 

How  often  the  greatest  talents 
are  hidden  in  obscurity  ! 

As  not  every  field  which  is  cul- 
tivated is  fruitful ;  so  cultivated 
minds  do  not  all  bear  fruit. 

Who  does  not  very  highly  com- 
mend Codrus,  the  preserver  of 
Athens? 

R.  1,  (1.)  Pompey  said,  "  Do 
you  guard  and  defend  the  camp  ; 
I  will  visit  the  other  gates  and 
encourage  the  garrison." 

(2.)  After  the  termination  of 
the  war,  Caesar  learned  these 
facts  from  those  who  were  pres- 
ent at  the  conversation. 

As  soon  as  Philip  had  saluted 
me,  he  immediately  set  off  for 
Rome. 

After  Caesar  had  arrived  there, 
he  demanded  hostages. 


ipse  ego  offer o 
solatium. 

Tu  apud  pater  con- 
scriptus  contra  ego  dico 
audco  1 

Quam  difficilis  sum  cri- 
men  non  prodo  vultus ! 

Rex  non  facto  ops. 

Rex  sum,  qui  metuo 
nihil. 

In  refero*  gratia,  si 
modo  Hesiodus  credo, 
debco  imitor  ager  fertilis 
qui  plus  multus  affero 
quam  accipio. 

Semper  sum  pauper,  si 
pauper  sum,  ^Etnilianus  • 
do  ops  nullus  nunc,  nis 
dives. 

Ecce  bibo  arcus ;  pJuo 
credo,  hodie. 

Ut  saepe  superus  inge- 
nium  in  occultus6  latco! 

Ut  ager  non  omnis  fru- 
gifer  sum  qui  colo ;  sic 
animus  non  omnis  cultus 
fructus  fcro. 

Quis  Athenae  conser- 
vator, Codrus,  non  max- 
ime  laudo  ? 

Pompeius,  "  Tueor," 
inquam,  "  castra  et  de- 
fendo  :  ego  reliquus  porta 
circumco  et  praesidium 
confirmo" 

Bellum  confectus,  ab 
is  Cfesar  hie  factum  cog- 
nosco,  qui  sermo  inter- 
sum. 

Philippus,  ut  ego  sa- 
lufo,  stattrn  Roma  profi- 
ciscor. 

Eo  postquam  Cnssar 
pervenio,  obses  posco. 


180 


INDICATIVE    MOOD. 


§259. 


"When  the  Helvetii  were  in- 
formed of  his  approach,  they  send 
ambassadors  to  him. 

(3.)  Cassar  was  informed,  that 
all  the  Belgae,  who,  we  have  said, 
constitute  a  third  part  of  Gaul, 
were  conspiring  against  the  Ro- 
man people. 

(4.)  Should  any  thing  new  oc- 
cur, take  care  that  I  may  be  in- 
formed. 

Salute  Pilia  and  Attica. 

(5.)  Do  not  commend  me  here- 
after to  your  (friend)  Caesar. 

Do  not  envy  your  brother. 

R.  2.  I  will  satisfy  you  if  I 
can. 

R.  3.  Volumnia  ought  to  have 
been  more  attentive  to  you,  and 
even  that  which  she  did,  she 
mi^ht  have  done  more  carefully. 

You  ought  long  since  to  have 
been  led  to  execution,  by  the 
command  of  the  consul,  (and) 
that  destruction,  which  you  have 
been  long  devising  against  all 
of  us,  should  have  been  turned 
against  yourself. 

The  army  might  have  been 
destroyed,  if  any  one  had  dared 
to  conquer. 

If  men  apply  reason  to  fraud 
and  malice,  it  would  have  been 
better  that  it  had  not  been  giv- 
en, than  given,  to  the  human 
race. 

What  condition  would  it  not 
have  been  desirable  to  accept, 
rather  than  abandon  our  coun- 
try? 

When  it  would  have  become 
them  to  stand  in  the  line  of  bat- 
tle and  fight,  then  they  took  ref- 


Ubi  de  is  adventus  Hel- 
vetius  certusc  facio,  le- 
gatus  ad  is  mittorf. 

Caesar  certus  facio,  on> 
nis  Belgae,  qui  tertius  sum 
Gallia  pars  dico,  contra 
populus  Romanus  con- 
juro. 

Si  quis  accido  novus", 
faciof,  ut  scio. 

Pilia  Atticaque  salutof. 

Ego  posthac  ne  com- 
mendo/  Caesar  tuus. 

Ne  invideof  frater  tuus. 

Ego,  si  possum,  facio 
tu  satis. 

Volumnia  dcbeo  in  tu 
officiosus  sum,  et  is  ipse 
qui  facio,  possum  diligens 
facio. 

Ad  mors  tu  duco  jus- 
sus  consul,  jamprldem 
oporteo5  in  tu  confero 
pestis  iste,  qui  tu  in 
ego  omnis  jamdiu  machi- 
nor*. 

Deleo  possum  exerci- 
tus,  si  quis  audeo  vinco. 

Si  homo  ratio  in  fraus 
malitiaque  converto,  non 
do  ille  quam  do  humanus 
genus  bonus  sum. 

Q,ui  conditio  non  ac- 
cipio*,  potius  quam  re- 
linquo*  patria? 

Quum  in  acies  sto  ac 
pugno  decet,  turn  in  cas- 
tra  refugio ;  quum  pro 


§260. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    MOOD. 


181 


vallum     pugno*,     castra 
trado. 


uge  in  the  camp  ;  when  it  was 
their  duty  to  fight  before  the 
rampart,  they  surrendered  (their) 
camp. 

Plato  thinks  that  philosophers 
should  take  no  part  in  political 
affairs,  except  by  compulsion  :  it 
would,  however,  be  more  reason- 
able that  it  should  be  done  spon- 
taneously. 

a  §  275,  II.      6  nevt.      c  comp.      *  §  145,  I,  3.      '  §  212,  R.  3,  N.  3. 
f  sing.      B  imp.      h  §  145, 1.2.      *  §  274,  R.  8. 


Plato  philosophus  ad 
respublica  ne  accedo 
quidem  debeo  puto,  nisi 
coactus :  cequus  autem 
sum*  is  voluritas  fio. 


SUBJUNCTIVE  MOOD. 

§  260.     The  subjunctive  mood  is  used  to  express 
an  action  or  state  simply  as  conceived  by  the  mind. 


I.  For  he  supposed  that  in  this 
way  he  should  most  easily  retain, 
subject  to  his  power,  those  speak- 
ing the  Greek  language,  who  lived 
in  Asia,  if  he  intrusted  the  de- 
fence of  the  townsc  to  his  friends. 

In  this  battle  the  Athenians 
were  so  much  more  distinguished 
for  valor,  that  they  routed  ten 
times  (their)  number  of  enemies; 
and  so  frightened  (them,)  that  the 
Persians  directed  their  course  not 
to  their  camp,  but  to  their  ships. 

It  seems  not  out  of  place  to 
mention  what  reward  was  given 
to  Milliades  for  this  victory. 

II.  R.  1.    The  Pythia  directed 
that  they  should  take   Miltiades 
as    their    commander ;     that     if 

hey  should  do  this,  their  enter- 
prises would  prove  successful. 
Miltiades  returns  to  Lemnos, 
16 


Sic  enim  puto  facile 
sui  Graecus  lingua*  lo- 
quens,  qui  Asia  incolo*, 
sub  suus  retineo6  potes- 
tas,  si  amicus  suus  oppi- 
dum  tueor  tradod. 

In  quie  praelium  tantus 
plus  virtus-^  valeo  Atheni- 
ensis,  ut  decemplex  nu- 
merus  hostis  profligo* ; 
adeoque  perterreo,  ut 
Persa  non  castra,  sed 
navis  pctog . 

Q,ui  victoria71  non  ali- 
enus  videor,  qualis  prae- 
mium  Miltiades  tribuo, 
doceo. 

Pythia  proecipio,  ut 
Miltiades  suif  imperator 
swnoj  ;  is  si  faciokt  in- 
ceptum  prosperus  sum1. 

Miltiades  Lemnus  re- 


18-2 


SUBJUNCTIVE    MOOD. 


§260 


and  demands  that  they  should 
surrender  up  the  city  to  him, 
according  to  their  engagement. 

There  was  a  great  dispute 
among  the  generals,  whether 
they  should  defend  themselves 
by  their  walls,  or  should  meet 
the  enemy,  and  engage  in  battle. 

R.  2.  You  would  have  sup- 
posed that  Sylla  had  come  into 
Italy,  not  as  the  avenger  of  war, 
but  as  the  promoter  of  peace; 
with  so  much  tranquillity  did  he 
lead  his  army  through  Apulia  and 
Calabria. 

Could  you  have  thought,  that 
it  could  ever  happen,  that  I  should 
be  at  a  loss  for  words  1 

Alexander  uttered  frequent 
groans,  just  as  if  the  death  of  his 
own  mother  had  been  announced  ; 
you  would  have  believed  that  he 
was  weeping  amidst  his  own  con- 
nections, and  not  administering, 
but  seeking  consolation. 

R.  3.  Grant,  indeed,  that  those 
are  good  things  which  are  so 
esteemed,  —  honors,  riches,  pleas- 
ures, and  the  rest,  —  yet  even  in 
the  enjoyment  of  these,  immode- 
rate joy  is  unseemly. 

Grant  that  there  is  a  difference 
between  the  dignity  of  the  highest 
men  and  the  lowest ;  there  is  not 
one  degree  of  crime  in  killing 
illustrious  men,  and  another,  the 
obscure. 

R.  4.  I  could  relate  on  suffi- 
cient evidence,  that  Augustus 
was  surnamed  Thursinus. 

Brother,  with  your  good  leave 
I  would  say  (it,)  this  sentiment  is 
very  prejudicial  to  the  public,  when 


vertor,  et  ex  pactum  pos- 
tiilo,  ut  sui  urbs  lradom. 

Inter  prcetor  magnus 
sum  contentio  utrum 
moenia  sui  dcfendoj ,  an 
obviam  coj  hostis,  acies- 
que  contendo3 . 

Puton  Sylla  venio  in 
Italia,  non  bellurn  vindex 
sed  pax  auctor ;  tantus 
cum  quies  exercitus  per 
Calabria  Apuliaque  du- 
co. 

Putone  unquam  accido 
possum  ut  ego  verbum0 
desum? 

Alexander,  haud  secus 
quam  ac  si  parens  suus 
mors  nuntio,  creber  edo 
gemitus ;  credo  is  inter 
suus  necessitudo  fleo,  et 
solatium  non  adhibeo  sed 
quaere. 

Sum,  sane,  iste  bonum 
qui  puto,  —  honor,  divi- 
tise,  voluptas,  ceterus^, — 
tamen  in  is  ipse  potior?, 
gestiens  laetitia  turpis 
sum. 

Intersum  inter  vita  dig- 
nttas  superus  atque  infe- 
rus ;  non  alius  facinus1" 
clarus  homo,  alius  obscu- 
rus  neco*. 

Thursinus  cognomino 
Augustus,  satis  certus 
probatior  trado1. 

Frater,  bonus  tuus  ve- 
nia  dico,  iste  sententia 
maxime  obsum  respubli* 


§260. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    MOOD. 


183 


it  is  alleged  that  something  is 
true  and  right,  but  it  is  denied 
that  it  can  be  carried,  that  is, 
that  the  people  can  be  resisted. 

You  can  scarcely  find  a  man 
of  any  nation,  age,  or  rank,  whose 
felicity  you  can  compare  to  the 
fortunes  of  Metellus. 

I  would  not  deny  that  my  lan- 
guage seemed  to  you  harsh  and 
atrocious ;  but  how  much  more 
atrocious  do  you  think  that  your 
deeds  are,  than  my  words? 

I  should  not  reckon  him  sec- 
ond or  third  in  a  chariot-race, 
who  has  scarcely  quitted  the  bar- 
riers, when  the  first  has  already 
received  the  palm. 

The  third  mode  of  mining 
would  outdo  the  work  of  the 
giants ;  galleries  being  carried 
through  a  great  space,  the  moun- 
tains are  excavated  by  torch- 
light. 

I  wish  you  to  be  persuaded 
that  you  can  do  nothing  more  ac- 
ceptable to  me,  than  to  assist 
Lamia  in  his  candidateship  with 
all  your  resources. 

It  escaped  me  to  write  to  you 
before  about  Dionysius ;  if  it 
shall  be  necessary  to  send  for 
him,  (which  I  do  not  wish,)  you 
will  take  care  that  we  do  not  give 
him  trouble  against  his  will. 

Assuredly  I  should  not  a  little 
prefer  the  mind  of  Socrates  to 
the  fortunes  of  all  those  who  sat 
in  judgment  upon  him. 

R.  5.  Who  would  deny  that 
all  fickle  men,  all  men  of  strong 
desires,  in  short,  all  wicked  men, 
are  slaves  ? 


ca,  quum  aliquis  verus  et 
rectus  sum  dico",  sed  ob- 
tineo,  is  sum,  resisto 
possum"  populus",  nego. 

Vix  ullus  gens,  setas, 
ordo  homo  invenio*,  qui 
felicitas  fortuna  Metel- 
lus compare*. 

Non  nego1  tristis  a- 
troxque  tup  video  oratio 
meus ;  quantusy  credo 
factum  vester  atrox  sum 
quam  verbum  meus? 

Non  in  quadriga2  is 
secundus  numero1,  aut 
tertius,  qui  vix  e  career 
exeo*,  quum  palma  jam 
primus  accipio". 

Tertius  ratio  effodio0" 
metallum  opusp  gigas 
vinco ;  cuniculus  per 
magnus  spatium  actus, 
cavo  mons  ad  lucerna 
lumen. 

Volo  tu"  persuadeo56, 
nihil  tu  ego  gratus  facio 
possum,  quam  si  omnis 
tuus  ops  Lamia  in  peti- 
tio  juvocc. 

De  Dionysius  fugio 
ego  ad  tu  antea  scribo ; 
tu  tamen  video  si  arces- 
sodd,  (qui  nolo,)  ne  mo- 
lestus  sum  invitus". 

Na3  ego  haud  paulusy 
Socrates  animus  malo, 
quam  is  omnis  fortuna 
qui  de  is  judlco. 

Q,uis  nego  omnis  levis, 
omnis  cupTdus,  omnis 
demque  improbus  sum 
servus  ? 


184 


SUBJUNCTIVE    MOOD. 


§260 


If  we  ourselves,  who  are  pre- 
cluded from  all  gratification  by 
our  business,  are  nevertheless  at- 
tracted by  the  games,  why  should 
you  wonder  at  the  uneducated 
multitude? 

Who  would  not,  with  reason, 
wonder  that  the  plane-tree  should 
have  been  brought  from  another 
hemisphere  only  for  the  sake  of 
its  shade  ? 

What  can  seem  great  to  him 
in  human  affairs,  to  whom  all 
eternity  and  the  magnitude  of 
the  whole  universe  is  known  ? 

One  furious  gladiator  carries 
on  war  against  his  country ;  are 
we  to  yield  to  him ;  are  we  to 
listen  to  his  conditions  ? 

R.  6.  So  live  with  an  inferior, 
as  you  would  wish  a  superior  to 
live  with  you. 

Let  every  one  become  ac- 
quainted with  his  own  disposi- 
tion, and  show  himself  a  severe 
judge  both  of  his  own  good  qual- 
ities and  faults. 

Do  not  allow  it  to  happen,  that 
when  all  (advantages)  have  been 
supplied  to  you  by  me,  you  should 
seem  to  have  been  wanting  to 
yourself. 

If  I  have  defended  my  own 
safety  against  your  brother's  most 
cruel  attack  upon  me,  be  satis- 
fied that  I  do  not  complain  to 
you  too  of  his  injustice. 

Were  I  to  deny  that  I  am  af- 
fected with  regret  for  Scipio, 
philosophers  must  see  to  it,  with 


Si  egomet  ipse,  qui  ab 
delectatio  omnis  negoti- 
um  impedio,  ludus  ta- 
men  delecto,  qui  tu  ad- 
mi  ror  de  multitudo  in- 
doctus  ? 

Q,uis  non  }usf/  miror 
platanus,  umbra  gratia 
tantum,  ex  alienus  pe- 
togg  orbis  ? 

Quis  video  is  magnus 
in  res  huinanus  qui  aeter- 
nitas  omnis  totusque 
mundus  notussum*  mag- 
nitudo  ? 

Unus  furiosus  gladia- 
tor contra  patria  gero 
bellum;  hie  cedo ;  hie 
conditio  audio  ? 

Sic  cum  inferus  vivo, 
quemadmodum  tucum 
superus  volo**  vivo. 

Suus  quisque"  nosco 
ingenium,  acerque  sui  et 
bonum  et  vitium  suus 
judex  prabeo. 

Ne  committo,  ut,  quum 
omnis  tu  suppedito JJ  a 
egop,  tute  tu  desum  vi- 
deo. 

Si  meus  salus  contra 
frater  tuus  impetus  in 
ego  crudelis  defendo**, 
satis  habeo  nihil  ego  eti- 
am  tucum  de  is  injuria 
conqueror. 

Ego  si  Scipio  deside- 
rium  ego  moveo  nego, 
quam  is  recte  facio  video 


§260. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    MOOD. 


185 


what  propriety  I  should  do  so  ; 
but  I  should  certainly  speak 
falsely. 

Let  the  Stoics  look  to  it, 
whether  it  be  an  evil  to  be  in 
pain. 

You  will  say,  "  Write  nothing 
at  all."  How  shall  I  better  es- 
cape those  who  wish  to  misrep- 
resent ? 

R.  7.  O  war,  greatly  to  be 
dreaded,  since  Catiline  is  to  have 
this  pretorian  cohort ! 

I  will  cause  that  no  good  man 
shall  perish. 

Finally,  I  will  so  conduct  my- 
self in  the  state  as  to  remember 
always  what  I  have  done,  and  to 
provide  that  they  shall  appear  to 
have  been  accomplished  by  virtue, 
and  not  by  accident. 

Metellus  Pius  was  asked  what 
he  intended  to  do  the  next  day. 

The  chiefs  of  the  ^Edui  said, 
they  did  not  doubt,  if  the  Romans 
should  conquer  the  Helvetii,  that, 
in  common  with  the  rest  of 
Gaul,  they  would  deprive  the 
JEdui  of  liberty. 


sapiens ;  sed  certe  men- 
tior. 

Sumrie  malum  doleo 
necne,  StoTcus  video1. 

"  Nihil,"  inquam,aom- 
nino  scribo1."  Qui  ma- 
gis  effugio  is  qui  volo 
fingo? 

O  bellum  magnopere 
pertimescendus,  cum  hie 
sum11  habiturus  Catilma 
cohors  prsetorius. 

Perficio  ut  ne  quis  bo- 
nus inter  eo11. 

Demque  ita  ego  in 
respublica  tracto,  ut  me- 
mini  mm  semper  qui  gero, 
curuque11,  ut  is  virtus, 
non  casus,  gero  videor. 

Metellus  Pius  interro- 
go  quis  posterns  dies  fac- 
turus  sum". 

Princeps  ^Edui,  non 
dubito  sui,  dico,  quin,  si 
Helvetii  superocc  Roma- 
nus,  una  cum  reltquus 
Gallia  JEduus  libertas 
sum"  eripio. 


0  §  247.       b  §  272.        c  lit.  the  towns  to  be  defended,   §  274,  R.  7. 
d  §  266,  R.  4.       e  §  206,  (17.)      /  §  247.       *  §  260,  I.  R.  1.       h  gen. 

*  §  211,  R.  5,  1.      J  (2.)      *  (4.)      *  §  266,  2,  &  R.  4.      OT  (1.)      n  imp. 
0  lit.  that  words  should  be  wanting,  fyc.       p  pi.       7  §  275,  II.  &  §  162, 
20.       r  §  247.         •  lit.    illustrious   men   are   not   killed,  fyc.       '  perf. 
u  it,d.      v  §  239,  3,  2d  paragraph,  &  §  209,  R.  3,  (6.)       w  §  223,  R.  2. 

*  §  266,  1.       v  §  256,  R.  16.        z  lit.  amomr   the.  chariots.       aa  §  275, 
II.       ™  §  262,  R.  4.       cc  §  145,   VI.         <&  §  2/4,   R.  8.        e'  §  222. 
//  §  249,  II        zz  §  273,  5.       ''*  R.  5.        "  §  279,  14.      JJ  §  263,  5 
*fc  §  261,  2.       ll  pres.      'mm  perf.  §  183,  3  N. 

16* 


186 


PROTASIS    AND    APODOSIS. 


PROTASIS   AND   APODOSIS. 


In  a  sentence  containing  a  condition  and  a 
conclusion,  the  former  is  called  the  protasis,  the  latter 
the  apodosis. 


1.  They  report    that    Alexan- 
der said,"  If  I  were  not  Alexander, 
I  would  willingly  be  Diogenes." 

There  are  innumerable  things 
of  the  same  kind  which  I  could 
not  endure,  if  I  had  not  my 
friend  Atticus  as  a  partner  of 
my  pursuits. 

These  things  seem  ridiculous 
to  you,  because  you  were  not 
present,  which  if  you  were  to 
see,  you  could  not  help  weeping. 

If  any  one  were  to  dig  round 
these  plane-trees  and  water  them, 
their  branches  would  not  be  knot- 
ty, and  their  trunks  unsightly. 

If  the  gods  were  to  make  phi- 
losophy a  vulgar  good,  if  we  were 
born  wise,  wisdom  would  lose 
what  is  the  best  part  of  it ;  it 
would  be  among  accidental  things. 

2.  The  war  carried  on  before 
Modena  followed  ;  in  which,  were 
I  to  call  Atticus  only  prudent,  I 
should  say  less  than  I  ought. 

Even  in  causes  in  which  we 
have  only  to  do  with  the  judges, 
and  not  with  the  people,  yet,  if 
I  were  deserted  by  the  audi- 
ence, I  should  not  be  able  to 
speak. 

I  neither  could  imitate  the  ora- 
tions which  Thucydides  has  intro- 


Alexander  dico  fero, 
"  Nisi  Alexander  sum, 
sum  libenter  Diogenes." 

Sum  innumerabllis  ge- 
nus idem,  qui  quidem 
non  fcro,  nisi  habeo  so- 
cius  studium  meus  Atti- 
cus noster. 

Hie  tu  ridiculus  video, 
quia  non  adsum,  qui  si 
video,  lacryma  non  te- 
nco. 

Si  quis  hie  platanus 
tifcumfodio,  si  irrigo, 
non  nodosus  sum  ramus 
et  squalldus  truncus. 

Si  deus  philosophia 
bonum  vulgaris  facio,  si 
prudens  nascor,  sapien- 
tia,  qui  in  sui  bonus 
habeo  pcrdoa  ;  inter  for- 
tuttus  sum. 

Sequor  bellum  gestus 
apud  Mutma  ;  in  qui  si 
tantum  Atticus  prudens 
dico,  minus  quam  debeo 
pr&dico. 

Ego  vero,  in  is  etiam 
causa  in  qui  omnis  ego 
res  cum  judex  sum6,  non 
cum  populus,  tamen  si  a 
corona  relinquoc,  non 
queod  dico. 

Oratio  qui  historia* 
suus  interpono  Thucyd- 


§261. 


PROTASIS    AND    APODOSIS. 


187 


duced  into  his  history,  if  I  would, 
nor  perhaps  would,  if  I  could. 

If  wisdom  were  given  me  with 
this  limitation,  that  I  should  keep 
it  shut  up,  and  not  give  it  utter- 
ance, I  would  reject  it. 

R.  1.  If  a  good  reputation  is 
better  than  riches,  and  money  is 
so  eagerly  desired,  how  much 
more  ought  glory  to  be  desired  ! 

There  is  the  greatest  accuracy 
of  information  in  the  senses,  if 
they  are  sound,  and  all  things  are 
removed  which  hinder  and  ob- 
struct. 

If  thou  art  a  god,  said  the 
Scythian  ambassadors  to  Alex- 
ander, thou  oughtest  to  bestow 
benefits  on  mortals,  not  to  take 
away  theirs. 

If  a  pilot  is  extolled  with  dis- 
tinguished praise,  who  saves  a 
ship  from  a  storm  and  a  sea  full 
of  rocks,  why  should  not  his  pru- 
dence be  thought  peculiar  who 
has  attained  safety  from  amidst 
public  commotions? 

If  you  love  me,  if  you  know 
that  you  are  loved  by  me,  exert 
yourself  through  your  friends,  cli- 
ents, guests,  (and)  in  short,  your 
freedmen  and  slaves,  that  no  leaf 
may  be  lost  of  the  books  which 
Sergius  Claudius  left. 

Arms  are  of  little  value  abroad, 
unless  there  is  prudent  manage- 
ment at  home. 


ides,  imitor  neque  pos- 
sum, si  volo,  nee  volo  for- 
tasse,  si  possum. 

Si  cum  hie  exceptio 
do  ego  sapientia,  ut  ille 
inclusus  teneo  nee  enun- 
cio,  rejicio. 

Si  bonus  existimatio 
divitiae  pr&sto,  et  pecunia 
tantopere  expeto,  quan- 
tus-^  gloria  magis  expetos! 

Magnus  sumh  in  sensus 
verttas,  si  sanus  sum,  et 
omnis  removeo  qui  obsto 
et  impedio. 

Si  deus  sum,  legatus 
Scythicus  Alexander  di- 
co,  tribuo  mortalis  bene- 
ficium  debeo,  non  SUUSA 
eripio. 

Si  gubernator  praecipu- 
us  lausfe?-o,  qui  navis  ex 
hiems  mareque  scopulo- 
sus  servo,  cur  non  singu- 
laris  is  existimoj  pruden- 
tia,  qui  ex  procella  civilis 
ad  incolumttas  pervenio? 

Si  ego  amo,  si  tu  a  ego 
amo  scio,  emtor  k  per  aml- 
cus,  cliens,  hospes,  liber- 
tus  denique  ac  servus 
tuus,  ut  scida  nequis  de- 
pereo  ex  is  liber,  qui 
Sergius  Claudius  relin- 
quo. 

Parvus  sum  foris  arma, 
nisi  sum  consilium  do- 
mus. 


a  plup.  b  lit.  in  which  the  whole  matter  is  to  us,  <^c.  c  perf.  d  pres 
§  124.  /  §  256,  R.  16.  *  ind.  §  274,  R.  8.  *  ind.  *  §  208,  (6.) 
subj.  *  §  259,  R.  1,  (4^ 


188  SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER   UT,    NE,    &C.  <)  26*2. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  Roman  prodigies,  Horatius,  Mucius,  and  Claelia,  if 
they  were"  not6  in  the  annals,  loould  seem  at  this  day  fables. 
Socrates  said  to  his  slave,  "  /  would  beat0  thee,  were  I  not 
angry."  If  anger  were  a  good  (thing,)  it  would  be  found  itid 
every  man  (who  was)  most  perfect* ;  but  the  most  passionate 
(persons)  are  infants,  old  men,  and  the  sick.  If  ill  health0 
had  carried  off  Cn.  Pompey  at  Naplesp,  he  would  have  dicdf 
undoubted  chief  of  the  Roman  people.  Your  plan?  would 
bea  agreeable*  to  my  wishes4,  if  it  were  in  my  power  j  to 
spend*  all  (my)  time  at  your  house2.  Even  though  Caesar 
were  not  the  man  he  is771,  yet  he  would  seem  to  deserve  to  be 
spoken  of  with  compliment". 

*  fore.  b  if  not,  nisi.  °  ccedo.  d  to  be  found  in,  sequor.  *  lit. 
every  most  perfect  (man,)  §  279,  14.  /  excedo.  e  consilium.  h  op- 
tatus.  *  lit.  to  me.  i  to  be  in  one's  power,  liceo.  *  consume.  '  lit. 
with  you.  m  lit.  that  (man)  that  he  is.  n  to  speak  of  with  compliment, 
orno,  §  274,  R.  8.  °  ill  health,  valetudo.  f  Neapolis. 


SUBJUNCTIVE   AFTER    UT,  JYE,  &c. 

§  262.  A  clause  denoting  the  purpose,  object,  or 
result  of  a  preceding  proposition,  takes  the  subjunctive 
after  ut,  ne,  quo,  quin,  and  quominus. 


UT. 

This  is  a  common  vice  in  great  Sum  hie  communis  vi- 
and free  states,  that  envy  is  an  at-  tium  in  magnus  liberque 
tendant  on  glory,  and  (that)  they  civitas,  ut  invidia  gloria 
willingly  detract  from  those  whom  comes  sum,  et  libenter  de 
they  perceive  to  be  too  eminent.  hie  dctraho,  qui  emineoa 

video  alte. 

It  is  a  custom  of  mankind,  that  Mos  sum  homo,  ut  nolo 

they  are  unwilling  that  the  same  idem  multus  res  excello. 
person    should    excel     in    many 
things. 

Ariovistus  replied  that  it  was  Ariovistus     respondeo 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    UT. 


189 


the  right  of  war,  that  those  who 
had  conquered,  should  govern 
those  whom  they  had  conquered, 
as  they  pleased. 

Joined  with  the  evils  of  cities 
on  the  sea-coast,  is  also  this  great 
convenience,  that  they  can  carry 
what  their  lands  produce  into 
whatever  countries  they  please. 

In  punishing  injuries  the  law 
aims  at  these  three  things,  either 
that  it  may  reform  him  whom  it 
punishes,  or  that  by  his  punish- 
ment it  may  render  others  better, 
or  that  by  the  removal  of  bad 
men,  the  others  may  live  more 
secure. 

R.  1.  Hannibal  so  united  his 
troops  by  a  sort  of  bond,  that 
no  mutiny  (ever)  existed  either 
among  themselves  or  against  their 
general. 

Oratory  moves  the  minds  of 
judges,  and  impels  them,  so  that 
they  either  hate,  or  love,  or  envy, 
or  wish  (the  culprit)  safe,  or  pity, 
or  wish  to  punish. 

The  harangues  of  Thucydides 
contain  so  many  obscure  and  in- 
volved sentences,  that  they  can 
scarcely  be  understood ;  which  in 
civil  eloquence  is  a  very  great 
fault. 

Atticus  so  accepted  the  office 
of  prefect  to  many  consuls,  that 
he  followed  no  one  to  the  prov- 
ince. 

Csesar  found  at  Brundisium 
(only)  so  many  ships  as  scantily 
sufficed  for  the  transport  of  fifteen 
thousand  legionaries  (and)  five 
Hundred  horse. 


jus  sum  bellum,  ut,  qui 
vincoa,  is,  qui  vincoa, 
quern  ad  mod  um  voloA,  im- 
pero. 

In  vitium  maritlmus 
urbs  insurn  ille  magnus 
commoditas,  ut  is  qui 
ager  effero0  sui  quicun- 
que  volo6  in  terra  porto 
possum. 

In  vindico*  injuria  haec 
tres  lex  sequor7,  ut  aut  is 
qui  punio  emendo,  aut 
poena  is  ceterus  bonus 
reddo,  aut  sublatus  ma- 
lum°  securus  ceterus  vi- 
vo. 

Hannibal  vinculum 
quid  am  ita  copia  copulo, 
ut  nullus  nee  inter  ipse 
nee  adversus  dux  seditio 
exsto. 

Oratio  mens  judexper- 
moveo,  impelloque  ut  aut 
odi,  aut  amo,  aut  invideo, 
aut  salvus  volo,  aut  mi- 
sercor  aut  punio  volo. 

Thucydides  concio  ita 
multus  habeo  obscurus 
abditusque  sententia,  vix 
ut  intelligo  ;  qui  sum  in 
oratio  civilis  vitium  vel 
magnus. 

Multus  consul  prsefec- 
tura  sic  accipio  Atticus, 
ut  nemo  in  provincia  se- 
quor. 

Caesar  Brundisium  tan~ 
tus  navisc  reperio,  ut  an- 
guste  quindecim  mille 
legionarius  miles  quin- 
genti  eques  transporto 
possum*. 


190  SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    UT.  §  262 

0  §  2Gfi,  1.       &  §  260,  R.  4.       c  §  212,  R.  3.       d  lit.  as  could  scarcely 
transport,  ^c.      e  §  275,  II.      /  per/.       '  §  257.       *  §  265. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Lathi. 

We  are  all  servants  of  the  laws,  for  this  enda,  that  we 
may1  be  free.  The  Romans  took0  Cincinnatus  from  the 
plough,  that  he  might  be  dictator.  While4  you  are  Pylades, 
will  you  say  that  you  are  Orestes,  that  you  may  die  for'  your 
friend?  The  haughtiness  of  the  last  king  had  caused7  lib- 
erty to  be  the  more  welcome*.  Before  old  age  I  was  at 
pains'1  to  live  well,  in  old  age,  to  die  well.  Every  creature1 
loves^  itself,  and  is  attentive*  to  preserve1  itself.  The 
physician  has  done"1  his  part",  if  he  has  made  every  effort0 
to  effect  a  curep .  I  wish  that*  you  would  answer  me.  For 
my  part,  Y  could  wish",  that  you  would  at  last'  return. 
Phaethon  desired"  to  be  carried"  in  his  father's  chariot. 
The  senate  ordered1"  the  decemvirs  to  inspect  the  Sibylline 
books.  Csesar  resolved1  to  send  ambassadors  to  Ariovistus. 
Caesar  directedy  Dolabella  to  write  to  me,  to  come,  into  Italy 
as  soon  as  possible.  I  earnestly*  exhort  you,  my  Cicero,  to 
read  studiously  not  only  my  orations,  but  these  books  also 
concerning  philosophy.  Italy  is  (so)  planted"0  with  trees 
that  the  whole  appears  (like)  an  orchard66. 

a  for  this  end,  idcirco.  6  possum.  c  abduco.  d  cum.  "  pro.  f  fa- 
cio.  *  Isetus.  Place  the  leading  clause  last.  *  to  be  at  pains,  euro. 
4  animal.  1  diligo.  *  to  be  attentive,  id  ago.  '  conserve.  m  perago. 

*  pL        °  to  make  every  effort,  omnia  facio.        p  to  effect  a  cure,  euro. 

*  utl.     T  for  my  part  I,  equidem.      *  imp.      '  at  last,  aliquando.     u  op- 
to.      *  tollo.      v  impgro.      *  lit.  it  pleased  Casar.     y  dico.     *  magnop- 
6re.      °°  consitus.      bb  pomarium. 

R.  2.  Who  is  he  that  professes  Quis  sum  iste  qui  sui 
himself  innocent,  in  regard  to  all  profiteer"  omnis  lex6  in- 
the  laws?  Granting  this  to  be  nocens?  Ut  hie  ita  sum, 
so,  how  confined  an  innocence  it  quam  angustus  inno- 
is  to  be  good  according  to  law!  centia  sum  ad  lex  bonus 
How  many  things  do  filial  duty,  sum  !  Q,uam  multus  pie- 
humanity,  liberality,  demand ;  all  tas,  hurnamtas,  liberalt- 
of  which  are  beyond  (the  range  tas,  exTgo ;  qui  omnis  ex- 
of )  the  public  law.  tra  publtcus  tabula  sum 

Although   I   should  pass  over  Ut     superus6     omittot 


§262. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    UT. 


191 


the  preceding  (considerations,) 
this,  at  least,  I  will  not  omit  to 
mention,  which  has  excited  in 
me  the  greatest  wonder. 

Granting  that  I  had  the  other 
(requisites)  in  the  highest  degree, 
I  have  surely  had  scarcely  suffi- 
cient  time  to  become  intimately 
acquainted  with  so  great  a  sub- 
ject. 

*  §  264,  7.     »  §  249,  II.      e  comp.     *  §  223.      '  §  260,  R.  8.    /  §  212. 


hie  certe,  qui  ego*  mag- 
nus  admiratio  moveo, 
non  taceo. 

Ut  superus  habeo'  cet- 
erus,  tempus7  quidem 
certe  vix  satis  habeo,  ut 
res  tantus  possum  cog- 
nosco. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 


There  are  some  who  think0  that  they  have  acquired5,  I 
know  not  what  wonderful7*  (thing,)  because  they  have 
learned6  that,  when  the  time  of  death  shall  comed,  they  will 
utterly*  perish:  suppose  this-^  to  be  so,  what  has  that  thing 
either  joyful^  or  glorious?  No  reason71  occurs  to  me,  why 
the  opinion9  of  Pythagoras  and  Plato  should  not  be*  true; 
and  supposing  that  Plato  alleged 'j  no  reason,  (see  how  much* 
I  defer'  to  him"1 !)  he  would  overpower71  me  even0  by  (his) 
authority. 

0  §  264,  6.  *  adipiscor.  c  §  26G,  3.  d  §  266,  R.  4.  e  totus. 
/  §  206,  (17.)  e  laetabilis.  h  no  reason,  nihil.  i  §  265.  /  affgro. 
*  how  much,  quid.  l  tribuo,  §  265.  m  homo.  "  frango,  §  260,  R.  8. 
0  ipse.  p  prseclarus  3  sententia. 


R.  3.  It  happens,  somehow  or 
other,  that,  if  any  fault  is  com- 
mitted, we  perceive  it  more  readi- 
ly in  others  than  in  ourselves. 

It  may  happen  that  a  man  may 
think  justly,  and  not  be  able  to 
express  tersely  what  he  thinks. 

It  happens  to  most  men,  that 
through  the  assistance  of  the  art 
of  writing,  they  relax  their  dili- 
gence in  committing  to  memory. 


Flo,  nescio  quomodo, 
ut  magis  in  alius  cerno 
quam  in  egomet  ipse,  si 
quis  delinquo. 

Fio  possum  ut  recte 
quis  scntio,  et  is  qui  sen- 
lie"  polite  eldquor  non 
possum. 

Plerlque  accido,  ut  pre- 
sidium literse  diligentia  in 
perdisco  remitto. 


192  SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    UT.  §  262. 

It  is  the  fortune  of  the  wise  Solus  hie  contingo  sa- 

man  alone  to  do  nothing  against  piens,  ut  nihil  facia  in- 

his  will.  vltus. 

It  very  often  happens  that  utili-  Persiepe  evenio,  ut  utili- 
ty is  at  variance  with  virtue.  tas  cum  honestas  certo. 

•§266,1. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

It  occurred11  in  the  memory  of  our  fathers,  that  a  father  of 
a  family,  who  had  come*  from  Spain  to  Rome,  and6  had  left 
a  wife  in  the  province,  married  another  at  Rome,  and  did 
not  send  a  notice  of  divorcec  to  the  former  (wife.)  It  hap- 
pens", in  (the  case  of)  poems  and  pictures,  and  many*  other 
(things,)  that  the  unskilful  are  delighted,  and  praise  those 
(things)  which  are1  not  deserving  of  praise8.  It  is  best  to 
speakf  every  day  in  the  hearing  of  a  number^  (of  persons,) 
especially1  (those)  about  whose  opinions"  we  are*  most*  anx- 
ious-7 ;  for  it  is  seldom*  (the  case)  that  any  (man)  stands  in 
sufficient  awe1  of  himself.  As  fortune  does  not  answer  in 
every  point"1  to  (one  who)  undertakes"  many  (things,)  the 
consequence  is0,  that  he  to  whom  some  (things)  have  turned 
outp  contrary  to  his  plans9,  becomes*  impatient  of  men  and 
things. 

0  it  occurred,  usu  venit.  6  quum.  c  to  send  notice  of  a  divorce, 
mmtium  remitto.  d  completes.  '  §  274,  R.  8.  /  lit.  that  ice  speak. 

*  lit.  many  hearing.      h  §  2G4,  1,  3d  paragraph.      i  maxime.     J  solici- 
tus.       *  rams.       l  to  stand  in  awe,  vereor.       m  in  every  point,  ublque. 
n  lit.  undertaking.      °  tin-  consequence  is,  sequltur.       p  to  turn  out,  ce- 
do.        '  contrary   to    his  plans,    contra    quam     proposuerat.       r  sum. 

*  §  2GG,  1.      '  §264,1.      "  sing. 

Since  you  are  greatly  esteemed0  by  me,  and  I  am  very 
dear  to  you,  it  rejnain*  for  us  to  rival  each  other  in  acts  of 
kindness6 ;  in  which6  I  shall  conquer  you  or  be  conquered 
by  you  without  displeasured  (I,)  who  could8  once7  assist* 
obscure  or  even  guilty  men,  cannot  now  promise  (my)  aid  to 
P.  Nigidius,  the  most  learned^  and  most  irreproachable'1  of 
men1:  it  remains*,  therefore,  that  I  console  thee,  and  adduce^ 
reasons  by  which  I  may  endeavory  to  divert'  thee  from  thy 
troubles"1.  The  last  thing"  is,  that  I  entreat  arid  implore0 
you  to  be  magnanimous*,  and  remember  not7  only  what7"  you 


262. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    UT. 


193 


have  received  from  other  great  men,  but  also  what  you  your- 
self have  produced*  by  (your)  genius  and  study.  It  is  the 
main  thing',  in  an  orator11,  to  seem  to  those  before"  whom  he 
pleads  such  as  he  himself  would  wish". 

a  to  be  greatly  esteemed,  plurlmi  fio,  §  214.  b  lit.  that  ice  should  con- 
tend mutually  (inter  nos)  in  kind  offices  (officiis.)  c  §  247.  d  without 
displeasure,  cequo  ammo.  '  imp.  f  antea.  e  lit.  to  one  the  most 
learned.  h  sanctus.  *  lit.  of  all.  1  reliquum  est.  *  affero.  l  ab- 
duco.  m  molestia.  "  extremum  illud.  °  obs^cro.  p  ammo  max- 
Imo,  §  245,  III.  9  and — not,  nee.  r  is  qui.  *  pario.  *  main 
thing,  caput.  u  gen.  *  apud.  v  ind.  pr.  *  opitulor.  y  §  260,  1. 


R.  4.  There  are  letters  extant 
of  Cicero  to  his  brother  Quintus, 
in  which  he  exhorts  and  admon- 
ishes him  to  imitate  his  neighbor 
Octavius. 

When  the  Locrians  were  going 
to  transport  the  money  from  the 
temple,  which  was  without  the 
city  walls,  into  the  city,  a  voice 
was  heard  by  night  from  the 
shrine  (warning  them)  to  refrain  ; 
that  the  goddess  would  defend 
her  own  temple. 

You  know  what  Cotta,  what 
the  priest  thinks  ;  give  me  now 
to  understand  what  you  think. 

See  that  you  be  in  good  health, 
and  love  me  in  return,  and  up- 
hold my  dignity,  if  I  deserve  it. 


Exto  epistola  M.  Cice- 
ro ad  Quintus  frater,  qui 
is  hortor  et  moneo,  imitor 
vicmus  suus  Octavius. 

Quum  Locrensis,  ex 
templum  qui  extra  urbs 
sum  pecunia  in  urbs 
transfero  volo,  noctu  au- 
dior  delubrum  vox,  absti- 
neo  manus  ;  dea  suus 
templum  defendo0. 

Habeo  quis  Cotta,  quis 
pontlfex  sentio ;  facio  er- 
go nunc  intelligo  tu  quis 
sentio6. 

Facio  valeo,  egOque 
mutue  diRgo,  dignitas- 
que  meus  si  mereor  tu- 
ear. 


*  §  273,  3,  3d  paragraph.      *  §  265. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

I  would  rather"  (that)  a  wise  enemy  should  fear  thee,  than 

foolish  citizens  praise  (thee.)     Ceesar  gives  (it)  in  chargeb  to 

Labienus  to  visitc  the  Remi  and  other  Belgge,  and  keep*  them 

in  allegiance*.     You  oughtf  to  love  me  myself,  not  mine*,  if 

17 


194 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    NE. 


§262. 


we  are  to  be  true  friends.  Your  own  mind  ought f  to  pro- 
nounce11 you  rich,  not  the  common  talk*,  nor  the  amount  of 
your  possessions.  Whatever  comes  into  existence',  of  what- 
ever kind*  it  is,  must  needs1  have  a  cause  in771  nature. 


malo.      b  to  give  in  charge,  mando. 


adeo.      d  contineo.      *  of- 

ficium.  /  oportet.  *  §  205,  R.  7,  (2.)  h  dico.  *  common  talk, 
hormnum  sermo.  J  to  come  into  existence,  orior.  *  of  whatever  kind, 
qualecunque.  l  must  needs,  necesse  est.  m  a. 


JVE. 

R.  5.  Some  have  acquired  (the 
power)  of  never  laughing. 

Atticus,  as  long  as  he  was  at 
Athens,  opposed  the  erection  of 
any  statue  to  him. 

By  the  Cincian  law  it  is  pro- 
vided that  no  one  shall  receive 
compensation  or  a  gift  for  plead- 
ing a  cause. 

I  sent  you  a  copy  of  the  letter 
which  I  wrote  to  Brutus,  that,  if 
it  should  not  please  you,  you 
might  not  send  (it.) 

This  is  the  opinion  of  the  Ro- 
man people,  that  a  pretext  of  re- 
ligion has  been  set  upa,  not  so 
much  that  they  might  hinder  you, 
as  that  no  one  might  wish  to  go 
to  Alexandria. 

Hens  and  other  birds,  when 
they  have  hatched  their  young, 
so  defend  them,  that  they  even 
cherish  them  with  their  wings, 
lest  they  be  injured  by  cold. 

R.  6.  Beware  of  doing  (it.) 

Beware  of  pardoning  (him.) 

Take  care  that  I  never  hear 
that  word  from  you. 


Quidam,  ne  unquam 
rideo,  consequor. 

Atticus,  quamdiu  Athe- 
nae  adsum,  ne  quis  sui 
status  pono,  resisto. 

Lex  Cincius  caveo,  ne 
quis  ob  causa  oro  pe- 
cunia  donumve  accipio. 

Epistola,  qui  ad  Bru- 
tus scribo,  mitto  ad  tu 
exemplum,  ut,  si  minus 
placeo,  ne  mitto. 

Hie  sum  opinio  popii- 
lus  Romanus,  induco  no- 
men  religio,  non  tarn  ut 
tu  irnpedio,  quarn  ut  ne 
quis  Alexandria  volo  eo. 

Gallina  avisque  reli- 
quus,  pullus  quum  exclu- 
do6,  ita  is  tueor,  ut  et 
penna  foveo  ne  frigus  Ice- 
do. 

Caveo,  facio. 

Caveo,  ignosco. 

Caveo,  unquam  istic 
verbum  ex  tu  audio. 


*  lit.  that  the  name  of  religion  has  been  introduced.      b  §  263,  5 


§262. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER   NE. 


195 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin, 

If  life  (spent)  in  exile  should  seem  to  you  more  agreea- 
ble", you  ought  to  consider6  lest  it  should0  not  be  safer.  Cae- 
sar had,  by  letter,  directed^  Trebonius  not  to  suffer  Marseilles 
to  be  carried6  by  force.  The  senate  formerly  decreed,  that 
L.  Opimius  should  see  that  the  state f  received5  noh  detri- 
ment7. Beware  j  of  doubling*  this',  that"1 1  do"  every0  thing 
which  I  thinkp  to  be  for  your  interest7 ;  or  even  that  you 
wish  for,  if  I  canr  in  any  way*  do  (it.)  Beioare  of  thinking1 
that,  because  I  write"  somewhat  jocosely11,  I  have  laid  aside" 
anxiety*  for  the  republic^. 

0  commodus.  *  considero,  §  274,  R.  8,  2d  paragraph,  &  §  225,  III. 
R.  1.  c  §  145,  R.  2,  2d  paragraph.  d  mando.  '  expugno.  /  res- 
publica.  e  capio.  h  that — no,  ne  quis.  *  §  212,  R.  3.  i  caveo. 

*  subj.      l  ille.       m  quin.      n  R.  10.      °  omnis.      *  existlmo,  §  2G6,  1. 

*  §  219,  R.  1.      r  possum,  §  261,  2.      *  modus.      '  existlmo.      u  §  266, 
3.      •  §  256,  R.  9, 2d  paragraph.     w  abjicio.      *  cura.      »  gen. 


R.  7.  It  is  to  be  feared  that,  in  a 
short  time,  there  will  be  a  famine 
m  the  city. 

I  was  fearing,  lest  those  things 
should  happen,  which  have  oc- 
curred. 

If  Caesar  means  to  give  up 
the  city  to  plunder,  I  fear  that 
Dolabella  himself  may  not  be  able 
to  be  of  any  effectual  service  to  us. 

I  add  this  also,  which  I  am 
afraid  I  shall  not  justify  (even)  to 
yourself. 

I  fear  lest  we  should  be  shut 
in,  so  that  when  you  wish  to  leave 
(the  city,)  you  may  not  be  able. 

A  bad  man  will  never  abstain 
from  crime  on  this  account,  that 
he  thinks  it  naturally  base,  but 
because  he  is  afraid  that  it  may 
get  abroad. 

Whether    Pompey    means    to 


Vereor0,  ne  brevis  tern- 
pus  fames  in  urbs  sum, 

Timeo,  ne  evenio  is, 
qui  accido6. 

Si  Caesar  diripio*  urbs 
dorf,  vereor  ut  Dolabella 
ipse  satis  ego  prosum 
possum6 . 

Addo  etiam  ille,  qui 
vereor  tu  ipse  ut  probo. 

Metuo  ne  intercludot 
ut  quum  vo\of  exeo  non 
licet. 

Vir  improbus  nun- 
quam  a  scelus  ob  is  causa 
abstineo,  quod  is  natura 
turpis  judico^,  sed  quod 
metuo  ne  emdno. 

Utrum  Pompeius  con*- 


196 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    NE. 


make  a  stand  any  where,  or  pass 
the  sea,  is  not  known ;  if  he  re- 
mains, I  fear  he  cannot  have  an 
efficient  army. 

I  see  the  weakness  of  your 
health,  and  fear  that  you  may  not 
be  able  to  meet  your  present  for- 
tune. 

A  law  was  passed  in  the  Comi- 
tia  Centuriata,  that  no  magistrate 
should  kill  or  beat  a  Roman  citi- 
zen in  violation  of  an  appeal. 

This  also  was  a  noble  (act)  of 
Thrasybulus,  that  when  he  had 
the  greatest  power  in  the  state, 
he  proposed  a  law,  that  no  one 
should  be  accused  of  things  pre- 
viously done,  nor  be  punished. 


sisto  uspiam  voloA,  an 
mare  transeo  volo,  nes- 
cio ;  si  marieo,  vereor  ne 
exercltus  satis  firmus  ha- 
beo  non  possum. 

Infirmltas  valetudo  tu- 
us  video,  et  vereor  ne 
praesens  fortuna  tuus  suf- 
ficio  non  possum. 

Centuriatus  Comitia 
lex  fero,  ntquis  magistra- 
tus  civis  Romanus  adver- 
sus  provocatio  neco,  neve 
verbero. 

Prseclarus  hie*  quo- 
que  Thrasybulus^,  quod 
quum  multum  in  civitas 
possum,  lex  fero  nequis 
anteactus  res*  accuso 
neve  multo. 


0  §  209,  R.  3,  (3.)  *  §  266,  R.  5.  c  §  274,  R.  7.  <*  §  274,  R.  6. 
•  pres.  §  260,  R.  7,  (1.)  /  pi.  *  §  266,  3.  *  §  265.  *  §  205,  R.  7, 
(2.)  /  §211,  R.  8,  (5.)  *  §  217.  '  lit.  lest  any  statue  should  be 
erected.  m  §  275,  II. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Although  the  Greeks  had  made  a  drawn  battle0  at  Arte- 
misium,  still  they  dared  not  remain  in  the  same  place  ;  lest, 
if  part  of  (their)  adversaries'  ships  had  doubled6  Euboea,they 
should  be  assailedc  by  a  twofold6*  danger.  I  am  afraid1  that 
you  may  not  be  able  to  endure*  all  the  labors  which  I  see  you 
undertake.  As7  the  senate  had  not  decreed*'  the  treaty, 
Hiempsal  is  afraid"  that  it  may  not  stand  good\  Fear{  had 
seized*  the  Roman  soldiers,  that  Scipio's  wound  might  be 
mortal*.  Alcibiades  warned  Philocles,  that  there  was  danger 
that,  by  the  want  of  discipline'  (among  his)  soldiers"1,  an  op- 
portunity should  be  given  to  Lysander  of  surprising"  the  ar- 
my. Gallus  distrusted  the  small  number0  of  the  cohorts 
which  were  at  Placentia7',  lest  they  could  not  endure11  a  pro- 
longed'' siege  and  the  assault*  of  the  German  army. 

0  to  make   a   drawn   battle,  pari    prselio   discedo.       b  supSro,  266 


$262.        SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUO,    NON    QUO,    ETC.  197 

R.  4.  c  premo.  d  anceps.  '  sustineo.  /  quia.  e  jubeo.  h  lit. 
be.  sufficiently  Jirm.  *  pavor.  i  capio.  k  inortlfer.  l  want  of  dis- 
cipline, imrnodestia.  m  gen.  n  opprirno,  §  275,  JI.  °  small  num- 
ber, paucltas.  p  §221,  I.  ?  to  not  endure,  palum  tolero.  r  longus, 
comp.  s  vis.  *  timeo.  u  vereor. 

Among  the  Romans  there  was  not  only  grief0  for  (their) 
ill  success6,  but  fear  also  that  the  enemy  might  straightway* 
attack/1  the  camp.  There  is  noe  danger,  that  he,  who  can 
paint  a  lion  or  a  bull  skilfully7,  should  not  be  able  to  do  the 
same  (thing)  withff  many  other  quadrupeds.  I  fear  that  I 
may  possibly^  not  appear  to  have  consulted*  other  (men's) 
benefit^,  but  (my)  ownfc  glory'.  I  perceived™  by  your  let- 
ters, that  you  fear  that  your  former"  (letters)  have  not  been 
delivered0  to  me.  I  think  it  right  to  give  (my)  readers  this 
precept?,  that  they  should  not  tryq  foreign1"  manners  by* 
theif  own,  nor  think1  those  things  which  are  trifling"  to 
themselves  to  have  been  (so)  likewise"  among  others. 

0  mosstitia.  b  for  ill  success,  ex  re  male  gestci.  c  extemplo.  d  ag- 
gredior.  e  non.  /  egregie.  ff  in.  h  forte.  *  servio.  1  util- 
Itas,  pL  §  223,  R.  2.  k  proprius.  l  laus.  m  intelllgo.  n  superus. 
0  reddo.  p  I  think  it  right  to  give  this  precept,  hoc  prsecipiendum 
videtur.  ?  refero.  ralienus.  *  ad.  '  arbftror.  u  levis,  comp. 
*  par  modus,  §  114,  3. 


QUO,  JVOJV  QUO,  AND  JVOJV  QUOD. 

R.  9.    Trees  are  covered  with         Obduco  liber  aut  cor- 

a  rind  or  bark,  in  order  that  they  tex  arbos,  quo  sum  a  fri- 

may  be  the  safer   from  the   cold  gusa  et  a  calora  tutus, 
and  heat. 

The   numerous  attendance  of         Sustollo  celebritas  vir 

men  and  women  at  funerals  was  ac   mulier  in  funus,  quo 

abolished,  that  lamentation  might  lamentatio  minuo. 
be  diminished. 

At  this  time  the  republic  does  Ego  non  sane  hie  qui- 
not  interest  me ;  not  as  if  there  dem  tempus  moveo  res- 
were  any  thing  dearer  to  me  than  publica ;  non  quo  aut  sum 
the  republic,  or  should  be  ;  but  ego  quisquam  carus,  aut 
even  Hippocrates  forbids  to  apply  sum  debeo;  sed  despera- 
medicine  to  those  whose  cure  is  tus  etiam  Hippocrates 
desperate.  veto  adhibeo  medicina. 

Your  plans  seemed  to  the  sen-        Senatus  magnus  video 
17* 


198  SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUO,    NON    QUO,    ETC.        §262 

ate  greater  than  had  been  expect-  consilium  tuus  quam  ex- 
ed ;  not  as  if  it  had  ever  doubted  pecto  ;  non  quo  unquam 
of  your  good  intention,  but  be-  de  tuus  voluntas  dubito, 
cause  it  was  not  sure  how  far  sed  quod  quo  progredior 
you  meant  to  go.  volo  non  satis  exploratus 

habeo6. 

•  pi.      *  §  274,  2,  R.  4. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  Roman  soldiers,  having  fixed0  their  javelins6  in  the 
ground0,  that  they  might  climbd  the  steep*  (places)  more 
lightly7,  ascend^  running71.  I  am  thought  (to  be)  too1  pa- 
tient and  tame^  ,  not  because'  I  willingly*  hear  myself 
reviled',  but  because"1  I  do  not  willingly  leave  my  cause,  to 
break  out  into  a  passion",  and  alienate0  the  judges  from  me. 
The  woman  felF  at  the  feet  of  Sulpicia,  and  said  that  she 
had  spoken3  (those  things,)  for  the  sake  of  terrifying8  her 
lover,  not  because"  she  knew  any  thing7"  about  the  Baccha- 
nalia. I  have  no  opportunity'  of  speaking  to"  you  respect- 
ing my  ancestors",  not  because™  they  were  not  such  as"  ye 
see  me  (to  be,)  but  because00  they  enjoyed  not*  popular 
famey  and  the  light  of  your  honor. 

0  §  257,  R.  5.  6  pilum.  c  ace.  d  evado.  '  arduus.  /  levis, 
§  206,  R.  15.  e  subeo.  *  cursus  ;  lit.  by  running.  »  nimium. 
i  lentus.  *  libenter.  l  to  hear  myself  reviled,  male  audio.  m  quia. 
n  to  break  out  into  a  passion,  ut  effero  iracundia.  °  abalieno.  p  pro- 
cido.  «  loquor.  r  quisquam.  *  §  275,  III.  R.  1.  *  facultas. 

apud.  *  majores.  w  qualis.  *  not  to  enjoy,  careo.  y  popular 
fame,  laus  popularis.  *  quo.  aa  quod. 


QC70  MfWUS. 

R.  9.  Death,  which,  on  ac-  Non  deterreo  sapiens 
count  of  uncertain  events,  daily  mors,  qui  propter  incer- 
impends  over  us,  (and,)  on  ac-  tus  casus  quotidie  immi- 
count  of  the  shortness  of  life,  can  neo,  propter  brevitas  vita 
never  be  far  off,  does  not  deter  a  nunquam  longe  possum 
wise  man  from  considering  the  absum,  quominus  corn- 
interests  of  the  republic  and  his  modum  respublica  suus- 
own  que  consulo*. 


§  262.       SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUO    MINUS,    AND    QUIN.          199 

The  poet   is   closely    allied  to  Sum   finitimus   orator 

the  orator,  in  this  respect  at  least  poeta,  in  hie  quidem  cer- 

alrnost  the  same,  that  he  does  not  te    prope     idem,    nullus 

circumscribe  his  authority  within  ut  terminus  circumscrlbo 

any  limits,  so  as  not  to  be  allowed  jus  suus,  quominus  is  li- 

to  wander  where  he  pleases.  cet  vagor  quo  volo. 

a  §  258, 1,  (1.) 

English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

When  we  have0  free6  liberty0  of  choice4,  and  nothing  hin- 
ders* us  from  being  able  to  dof  that  which  we  like  best*,  all 
pain  should  be  kept  at  a  distance'1.  When  the  law*  was 
brought  forward j  forfc  Cicero's  return*,  no'"  citizen  thought 
that  he  had  a  sufficient"  excuse0  for  not  being  present? .  The 
soldiers  of  Caesar  were  with  difficulty7  restrainedr  from  burst- 
ing8 into  the  town2,  and  were  much  dissatisfied"  at  this 
thing",  because  it  seemed  to  have  been  owing"  to*  Trebo- 
nius  that  they  did  not  get  possessiony  of  the  town.  It  did 
not  hinder4'  Isocr&tes  from  being  considered™  an  excellent66 
orator,  thatcc  he  was  prevented6  from  speaking  in  public  by 
the  feebleness4^  of  (his)  voice. 

a  §  226.  6  solutus.  c  optio.  d  eligo,  §  275,  III.  R.  1.  e  im- 
pedio.  /  to  be  able  to  do,  facere  possum.  e  lit.  which  most  pleases  us, 
§  266,  1.  h  to  keep  at  a  distance,  repello,  §  274,  R.  8.  i  §  257,  R.  1. 
i  fero.  *  de.  l  Ut.  recalling  Cicero,  §  275,  II.  m  nemo. 

n  satis  Justus.  °  excusatio;  lit.  to  no  citizen  did  there 

seem  to  be  a  sufficient  excuse.  p  adsum ;  lit.  that  he  should  not  be  pres- 
ent. q  eegre.  T  retineo.  *  from  bursting  into,  quin  irrumperent. 
*  §  233.  u  to  be  much  dissatisfied,  graviter  fero.  *  ace.  w  to  have 
been  owing,  stetisse.  *  per.  y  to  gel  possession,  potior.  *  officio. 
"  to  be  considered,  habeor.  66  summus.  cc  quod.  dd  infirm! tas. 


00. 


QZ7/JV. 

R.  10.  I  deny  that  there  was  Nego  ullus  gemma  aut 
any  jewel  or  pearl,  which  Verres  margarita  sum,  quin  cow- 
did  not  search  for,  examine,  (and)  quiro  Verres,  inspicio, 
carry  off.  aufero0. 

Since  I  left  the  city,  I  have  al-  Ut  ab  urbs  discedo, 

lowed  no  day  to  pass  without  nullus  adhuc  intermitto 

writing  to  you.  dies  quin  ad  tu  scribob 


200 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUIN. 


§262. 


Such  is  the  confusion  of  all 
things,  that  every  man  regrets 
especially  his  own  fortune ;  and 
there  is  no  one  who  does  not 
wish  rather  to  be  any  where  than 
where  he  is. 

It  cannot  fail  to  be  charac- 
teristic of  the  same  man  who  ap- 
proves the  bad  to  disapprove  the 
good. 

Hortensius  did  not  hesitate  to 
defend  P.  Sulla. 

There  is  absolutely  nothing 
wanting  to  my  being  completely 
miserable. 

There  is  scarcely  a  day  that 
this  Satrius  does  not  resort  to  my 
house. 


Is  sum  perturbatio 
omnis  res,  utc  suus  quis- 
que  fortuna  maxtme  pce- 
nitet  ;  nemoque  sumd 
quin  ublvis  quam  ubi 
sum  sum  malo. 

Absum  non  possum', 
quin  idem  homo7  sum, 
qui  irnprobus  proboff, 
probus  improbo. 

Hortensius  non  dubi- 
toh,  quin  P.  Sulla  dcfendo. 

Prorsus  nihil  absum, 
quin  sum  miser*. 

Dies  fere  nullus  sum, 
quin  hie  Satrius  domus 
meus  vcntito. 


"Per/. 
R.  3,  (6.) 


*  §258,  I.  1,  (2.) 
/§211,R.8,(3.) 


c  §262,  R.  1.      <*§278.      '§209 


§  2GG,  1.       *  imp. 


sup. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

There  is  no  doubta  that  he  who  is  called  liberal  and 
kind6,  aims  ate  (the  discharge  of)  duty,  not  at  profit^.  Oc- 
tavianus  was  very  near*  perishing  by  the  uproar-^  and  indig- 
nation of  the  soldiery^,  because  he  was  thought*  to  have  put 
a  common4  soldier  to  death-'  by  torture*.  Since  the  king- 
dom of  Bithynia  has  become'  the  public  property"1  of  the 
Roman  people,  is  there  anyn  reason0  why  the  decemvirs 
should  not  propose  to  scllp  all  the  lands,  cities,  harbors,  in 
short7,  all  Bithynia  1  Caligula  was  nearr  removing'  the 
busts'  and  writings  of  Virgil  and  T.  Livy  from  all  the  libra- 
ries, one"  of  whom  he  cavilled  at"  as  (possessed)  of  no 
genius"  and  very  little  learning,  the  other  as  verbose  and 
negligent  in  (his)  history. 

a  dubius.  b  benignus.  c  sequor.  d  fructus.  e  to  be  very  near 
minimum  absum  quin.  /  concursus.  s  soldiery,  turba  militaris. 
h  credo.  *  gregarius.  1  to  put  to  death,  neco.  k  discruciatus  ;  lit. 
tortured.  l  fio.  m  public  propertij.  public  urn.  n  numquis.  "causa, 
§  212.  p  §  274,  R.  6.  9  demque.  r  to  be  near,  paultim  absum 

3uin.       *  amoveo.       '  imago.       u  §  207,  R.  32        *  to  cavil  at,  carpa 
§211,R.  6. 


§263. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER   UTINAM,    &,C. 


201 


<§>  283j  I.     The  subjunctive  is  used  after  particles  of 
wishing,  as  ufinam,  uti,  O  and  O !  si. 


1.  O  that  you  would  but  occu- 
py with  me  an  humble  farm  and 
a  lowly  cottage! 

O  that  Paris  had  been  over- 
whelmed in  the  raging  waters, 
when,  with  his  fleet,  he  was  di- 
recting his  course  to  Lacedasmon ! 

0  that  some  portion  of  wonted 
valor  would  appear ! 

Would  that  all  the  gods  and 
goddesses  would  destroy  thee ! 

1  wish  he  could  in  some  way, 
however    false,   repel   this   accu- 
sation. 

Would  that  those  poems  were 
extant,  which  Cato,  in  his  Ori- 
gins, has  recorded7  to  have 
been  commonly  sung  at  feasts, 
many  ages  before  his  own  time, 
by  each  of  the  guests,  respecting 
the  praises  of  illustrious  men. 

The  language  of  Varro  gives 
me  hope  of  Caesar,  and  I  wish 
Varro  himself  would  apply  to  the 
cause ;  which  he  certainly  will 
do,  both  of  his  own  accord,  and 
still  more  if  you  urge  him. 

0  dat.  *  pi.  e  ace.  in  a,  §  80,  I. 
&  §  323,  4,  R.  /  lit.  has  left  recorded. 


O  tantum  libcth  ego- 
cum  tua  sordldus  rus6, 
atque  humllis  habito  ca- 
saM 

O  utinam  tune,  cum 
Lacedsemonc  classis  peto, 
obruoh  insanus  Paris 
aqua! 

O,  si  solitus  quisquam 
virtusd  adsumh  ! 

Ut  tu  omnis  deus  dea- 
que  per  do"  I 

Utinam  possum  aliquis 
ratio  hie  crimen  defendo, 
quamvis  falsus. 

Utinam  extoh  ille  car- 
men, qui  multus  saecii- 
lum  ante  suus  setas  in 
epiilas  cantito,  a  singiilus 
conviva  de  clarus  vir 
laus,  in  Origmes  scriptus 
relinquo  Cato. 

Varro  sermo  facio  ex- 
pectatio  Ca3sar,  atque 
utinam  ipse  Varro  in- 
cumboh  in  causa ;  qui 
profecto  cum  suus  spon- 
tis,  tums  tu  instans  facio. 


d  §  212,  R.  3. 
§  278,  R.  7. 


•  §  162,  1, 
§  260,  R.  8. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

I  wish,  O  Romans*,  that  you  had  such  an  abundance*  of 
brave  men,  that  this  were  a  difficult  question0  to  you,  whom'*, 
before  all  others',  you  should  think7  deserving  of  being  ap- 
pointed to  the  management^  of  this  war\  The  virtue,  the 


202  SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER   QUAMVIS.  §  263. 

humanity,  of  Piso,  (his)  affection*  towards  us  all,  is  so  great, 
that  nothing  can  surpass-'  (it;)  I  wish  thisfr  may  be  a  (source 
of)  pleasure  to  him' ;  I  see,  indeed,  that  it  will™  (of)  glory'. 
/  wish  you  may  covet'1  the  retreat0  of  my7*  villa,  that  to  its 
numerous7  and  greatr  attractions*  its  greatest  recommenda- 
tion' may  be  added"  by  your  society0. 

*  Quiris.  b  copia.  c  deliberatio.  d  quisnam.  *  before  all  others, 
potisslmus.  /  puto.  e  deserving  of  being  appointed  to  the  manage- 
ment, prseficio,  §  274,  R.  8.  h  §  224.  *  amor,  i  supra  possit.  k  ea 
res.  '  §  227.  m  fore.  "  concupisco.  °  secessus.  F  noster.  5  tot. 
T  tantus.  *  dos.  '  commendatio.  u  accedo.  "  contubernium. 


QUAMVIS,  HOWEVER,  OR   HOWEVER  MUCH. 

2.  However  much  I  love  my  Quamvis  amo  Cn.  Pom- 
friend  Cn.  Pompey,  as  I  both  do  peius  noster,  ut  et  facio  et 
and  am  bound  to  do,  yet  I  cannot  debeo,  tamen  hie,  quod 
praise  this,  that  he  did  not  assist  talis  vir  non  subvenio, 
such  men.  laudo  non  possum. 

There  is  no  possibility  of  as-  Non  sum  potestas  ex 

sisting  the  state  on  a  sudden,  or  tempus  aut  quum  volo° 

when  you  wish,  however  much  it  opitulor  res  publicus, 

may  be  pressed  with  dangers,  un-  quamvis  is  premo  pericii- 

less  you  are  in  that  station  in  lum,  nisi  is  locus  sum6  ut 

which  you  are  allowed0  to  do  so.  tu  is  facio  licet. 

a  subj.  R.  5.       6  §  261,  2.       e  Lit.  it  is  permitted  to  you. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

However  full  your  coffers  may  be,  I  shall  not  think0  you 
rich  while  I  see6  you  unsatisfied* ;  for  men  estimate*  the 
amount*  of  riches  from  what-''  is  sufficient  for  each  (indi- 
vidual.) The  question  is^  about  the  acuteness  of  Epicurus, 
not  (his)  morals ;  however  much  he  may  despise  those  pleas- 
ures which  he  just  now*  praised,  I  shall  still  remember 
what  the  chief  good  seems4  to  him  to  be.  However  arti- 
ficial^ the  construction*  may  be,  it  ought  still  to  appear 
natural'. 

0  puto.  6  fut.  c  inanis.  d  metior.  *  modus.  /  from  what,  ex  eo 
quantum.  f  the  question  is,  agitur.  h  modo.  *  §  266,  3.  i  vinctus 
*  oratio.  l  solfltus. 


263.          SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    LICET,    QUASI,    &-C. 


203 


LICET. 

Though  truth  should  obtain  no 
patron  or  defender,  yet  she  is  de- 
fended by  herself. 

A  dwarf  is  not  great,  though  he 
stand  on  a  mountain ;  a  colossus 
will  retain  its  magnitude,  even  if 
it  stand  in  a  well. 

Although  ambition  be  itself  a 
vice,  yet  it  is  frequently  the  cause 
of  virtues. 


Veritas,  licet  nullus 
patronus  aut  defensor 
obtineo,  tamen  per  sui 
ipse  defendo. 

Non  sum  magnus  pu- 
milio,  licet  in  mons  con- 
sisto* ;  colossus  magni- 
tude suus  servo,  etiamsi 
in  puteus  sto6. 

Licet  ipse  vitium  sum 
ambitio,  frequenter  tamen 
causa  virtus  sum. 


a  perf.        bfut.perf. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

You  cannot",  although  you  excel  ever  so  much6,  advance* 
all  your  (connections)  to  the  highest**  honors.  Perhaps"  1 
may  have  acted-''  rashly,  from  the  impulse  of  youthff,  in 
undertaking^  his  cause;  since*,  however-7',  I  have  once  un- 
dertaken it,  though  all  (sorts  of)  terrors  and  dangers  impend 
over  me,  I  will  give  (him)  my  aid*  and  encounter'  (them.) 

0  §  260,  R.  4.  b  quantumvis.  c  perdaco.  d  amplissimus.  '  forsi- 
tan.  /  facio.  e  lit.  impelled  by  youth.  h  susoipio,  §  275,  II.  *  quo- 
niam.  J  quidem.  *  to  give  aid,  succurro.  '  subeo. 


QK-3S/,  TJJYQUJlM,  AC  SI,  UT  SI,  VELUT  SI,  VELUTI  AND    CEO, 
WITH  PRESENT   AND  PERFECT. 


The  Stoics  give  (us)  trifling 
arguments,  why  pain  is  not  an 
evil ;  as  if  the  difficulty  were 
about  the  word  and  not  the  thing. 

There  are  some  who  as  care- 
fully conform  to  the  party  zeal 
and  ambition  of  Sextus  Naevius, 


Conclude  ratiuncula 
StoTcus,  cur  dolor  non 
sum0  malum ;  quasi  de 
verbum  non  de  res  la- 
borob. 

Sum  qui,  quasi  suus 
res  aut  honos  ago,  ita 
diligenter  S.  Nsevius  stu* 


204  SUBJUNCTIVE  AFTER  QUASI,  &-C.         §  263. 

as  if  their  own  affair  or  honor  dium  et  cupiditas  mos 

were  at  issue.  gero. 

A  chapter  (of  the  law)  follows,  Sequor  caput,  qui  non 

which  does  not  merely  permit,  permitto  modo,  sed  plane, 

but  absolutely  compels  and  com-  quasi  is  res  tu  salutaris 

mands,  that  the  decemvirs  should  futurus  sum,  ita  cogo 

sell  your  taxes,  as  if  this  were  atque  impero,  ut  decem- 

likely  to  be  beneficial  to  you.  vir  vester  vectlgal  vendoc. 

Fabius  mentions  the  capture  Fabius  M.  Atilius  ca- 

of  M.  Atilius  in  Africa,  as  if  pio*  in  Africa  commem- 

Atilius  miscarried  at  his  first  6ro,  tanquam  M.  Atili- 

landing  in  Africa.  us  primus  accessus  ad 

Africa  offcndo*. 

As  if  indeed  I  did  not  know  Ceu  vero  nescio  adver- 

that  even  a  woman  wrote  against  sus  Theophrastus  scribo 

Theophrastus.  etiam  femina. 

0  §  266,  3.      bpass.      c  258, 1.  1.      *  §  274,  R.  5. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Whya  do  I  (say)6  morec  of  Gavins;  as  ifv  you  had  been 
hostile^  to  Gavius,  and  not  (rather)  an  enemy  to  the  name* 
of  citizens?  Some-^  think,  for  this  reason*,  that  God  does 
not  exist'1,  because  he  does  not  appear,  nor  is  perceived ; 
just4  as  if  we  could  see  our  own  mind  itself.  The  Pythag- 
oreans abstained  from  the  bean,  as  if,  forsooth*,  the  mind 
were  puffed  up*  with  that  food.  Since  I  am  entering*  on* 
this  discussion,  as  if  I  had  never771  heard,  never  thought, 
about  the  immortal  gods,  receive  me  (as)  an  ignorant"  pupil, 
without  bias  to  either  side0.  You  who  ask?;,  why7  I  have 
spoken  so  largelyr  of  a  thing*  which  is  plain',  and  about 
which  all  are  agreed",  do  much  the  same  thing"  as  if  you 
were  to  ask  me,  why  I  look  at""  you  with  two  eyes,  when  I 
can  attain*  the  same  (purpose)  with  one  ? 

•  quid.  §  235,  R.  5.  '»  §  229,  R.  3, 2.  c  pi.  *  infcstus.  •  §  222, 
R.  7,  N.  /  §  207,  R.  33.  e  idcirco.  h  sum.  «  proinde.  i  vero. 
*  a<y<rredior.  '  ad.  m  nihil  unquam.  n  rudis.  °  without  bias  to 
either  side,  integer.  p  lit.  who  ask  this.  ?  quare.  r  so  largely,  tarn 
multa.  *  is.  *  perspicuus.  "  all  are  agreed,  inter  omnes  constet, 
§  266, 1.  *  much  the  same  thing,  similiter.  w  contueor.  *  assequor 
y  quasi.  z  inflo. 


§263. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER   QUASI,    &C. 


205 


,  TMTQ.UAM,  &c.  WITH  IMPERFECT  AND  PLUPERFECT. 


Datames  drove  Thyus  bound 
before  him,  just  as  if  he  was  con- 
ducting a  captured  wild  beast. 

I  would  wish  you  to  undertake 
his  business,  just  as  if  it  were  an 
affair  of  mine. 

The  Sequani  stood  in  awe  of 
the  cruelty  of  Ariovistus  (when) 
absent  as  much  as  if  he  were 
present. 

As  great  fear  for  the  state  took 
possession  of  the  senators,  as  if 
the  enemy  were  already  at  the 
gates. 

The  games  were  afterwards 
begun,  as  if  this  affair  had  had 
no  relation  to  religion. 

After  Perseus  had  made  an  end 
of  speaking,  the  eyes  of  those  who 
were  present  were  turned  upon 
Demetrius,  as  if  he  would  imme- 
diately reply. 

Then  indeed  the  senators 
alarmed,  as  if  the  enemy  were 
bursting  into  the  temple,  started 
from  their  seats. 

Duillius,  having  conquered  at 
Lipara,  during  his  whole  life, 
whenever  he  returned  from  sup- 
per, commanded  torches  to  flame 
and  pipes  to  sound  before  him,  as 
if  he  were  triumphing  every  day. 

The  mock  fight  was  no  image 
of  a  battle,  but  they  encountered 
as  if  they  were  fighting  for  the 
kingdom,  and  many  wounds  were 
given  with  the  stakes;  nor  was 
any  thing  but  steel  wanting  to  the 
regular  appearance  of  a  battle. 


18 


Datames  vinctus  ante 
sui  Thyus  ago,  ut  si  fera 
bestia  captus  duco. 

Is  negotium  sic  volo 
suscipio",  ut  si  sum  res 
meus. 

Absens  Ariovistus  cru- 
delitas,  velut  si  coram 
adsum  horreo  Sequani. 

Tantus  pater  metus  de 
summa  res6  capio,  velut 
si  jam  ad  porta  hostis 
sum. 

Coepi  inde  ludus,  velut 
is  res  nihil  ad  religioper- 
tineo. 

Posteaquam  dico  finis 
Perseus  facio6,  conjicio 
is,  qui  adsum,  oculus  in 
Demetrius,  velut  confes- 
tim  rcspondeod. 

Turn  vero  attomtus, 
ceu  templum  irrumpo 
hostis,  exsilio  pater. 

Victor  Duillius  apud 
Lipara,  per  vita  omnis, 
ubi  a  ccena  redeo,  prae- 
luceo  funale  et  prsecino 
sui  tibia  jubeo,  quasi 
quotidie  triumpho. 

Decursio  exercitus  non 
imago  sum  pugna,  sed 
tanqnam  de  regnum  dim" 
icoe  ita  concurro,  mul- 
tusque  vulnus  sudes  fa- 
cio  ;  neque  praeter  ferrum 
quisquam  desum  ad  Justus 
bellum  species. 


206  SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER   MODO,    &C.  §  263. 

Augustus  playfully  reproved  a  Augustus  aliquisjocus' 
man  for  hesitating  to  offer  him  a  corripio,  quod  sic  sui  li- 
petition*,  as  if  he  were  holding  bellus  porrlgo  dubi'to*, 
out  a  halfpenny  to  an  elephant.  quasi  elephantus  stipa 

porrigo. 

•  §  262,  R.  4.     *  pi     c  §  259^  R  1?  ^     d  §  260>  R  ^  ^ 
impers.     /  §  247.     *  lit .  because  he  hesitated,  §  266,  3.     *  §  266,  3. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Hicetas  of  Syracuse0  thinks6,  that  nothing  in  the  world* 
moves'*  except  the  earth;  (and  that,)  as*  this7  revolves' 
around  its  axis  with  the  utmost^  rapidity,  all  the  same 
(effects)  are  produced4,  as  if  the  sky  moved*  while  the 
earth*  stood  still.  Claudius,  having  been  placed  upon  a 
litter,  was  carried l,  sorrowful  and  terrified"1,  into  the  camp; 
the  crowd  who  met"  him  pitying  (him,)  as  if  he  was  carried 
away0  to  undeserved p  punishment.  Nero  deprived  the  con- 
suls of  their  powery,  and  in  the  room9  of  bothr,  entered* 
alone  (on)  the  consulship ;  as  if  it  were  decreed  by  fate* 
that  Gaul"  could  not  be  reduced0  but""  in  his  consulship*. 


a  adj.  b  censeo.  c  mundus.  d  pass.  *  quum.  /  §  206,  (17.) 
*  lit.  turns  itself.  k  supgrus.  *  efficio.  1  pass.  *  §  257,  R.  I. 
1  defero.  m  trepidus.  n  who  met,  obvius.  °  rapio.  p  insons  — 
agreeing  with  the  subject.  7  ace.  r  uterque.  *  ineo.  '  decreed  by 
fate,  fatalis.  M  pi.  "  debello.  v  nisi.  *  §  257,  R.  7.  »  honos. 


MODO,  DUM,  AND  DUMMODO. 

Go  at  length  from  the  city ;  Egredior  aliquando  ex 

lead  all  thy  (associates)  with  urbs ;  educo  tucum  om- 

thee ;  or  if  not,  as  many  as  pos-  nis  tuus ;  si  minus,  quam 

sible ;  thou  wilt  deliver  me  from  multus ;  magnus  ego  me- 

great  fear,  provided  there  be  a  tus  libero,  dummodo  inter 

wall  between  me  and  thee.  ego  atque  tu  murus  in- 
ter sum. 

Nor  did  Catiline  have  any  con-  Neque  Catillna  qui 

cern,  provided  he  could  obtain  for  modus  assequor,  dum  sui 


§263. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    ANTEQUAM,    &C. 


207 


himself  supreme  power,  by  what 
means  he  obtained  it. 

The  most  honorable  and  up- 
right men  of  the  city  demanded 
that  the  slaves  should  be  examined 
by  the  torture,  and  demanded  (it) 
on  behalf  of  a  man,  who  was  de- 
sirous even  to  be  put  to  torture 
himself,  provided  only  an  investi- 
gation took  place  about  his  fa- 
ther's death. 


regnum  paro,   quisquam 
pensus"  habeo. 

Postulo  homo  nobilis 
atque  integer  civltas  ser- 
vus  in  quoestio6,  postulo 
autem  pro  homo  qui  vel 
ipsec  sui  in  cruciatus  do* 
cupio',  dum  de  pater 
mors  qucero*. 


a  §212,  R.3,N.  3. 
himself.      •  §  266,  3. 


6  lit.  for  torture, 
f  pass,  impers. 


e  §  207,  R.  28.    *  lit.  to  give 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Deiotarus  had  recourse  to0  the  auspices  of  virtue,  which 
forbids  to  regard5  fortune,  provided*  (one's)  word*  be  kept1. 
The  Peripatetics  approve7  moderation5',  and  rightly  approve 
(it,)  provided11  they  did  not  commend  anger*.  Old  men's  fac- 
ulties^ remain*,  provided  onlyh  study  and  industry  remain1 ; 
and  that,  too,  not  in  (the  case  of)  illustrious  men  only"'  and 
(of)  those  who  are  in  posts  of  honor",  but  also  (of  those)  in 
private  and  tranquil*  life.  If  the  senate  sends  another  (per- 
son) againsty  the  spring,  T  do  not  trouble  myself* ;  provided 
onlyh  that  my  command  be  not  prolonged?" '. 

a  to  have  recourse  to,  utor.  6  specto.  c  dum.  d  fides.  *  presto. 
f  placet,  with  the  dative.  g  mediocritas.  h  modo.  *  iracundia. 
i  ingenium.  k  lit.  faculties  remain  to  old  men.  l  sing.  m  and 
that  too  not  only,  lit.  nor  those  only.  "  those  who  are  in  posts  of  honor, 
honorati.  *  quietus.  y  ad.  *  I  trouble  myself,  laboro.  aa  that  my 
command  be  not  prolonged,  nobis  temporis  ne  quid  prorogetur. 


JSJVTEQUAM  AND   PRIUSQUJM  WITH  THE  IMPERFECT  AND 
PLUPERFECT. 


3.  The  Gauls  crossed  into  Italy 
two  hundred  years  before  they 
took  Rome. 

Aristides  was  present  at  the  na- 
val battle  of  Salamis,  which  took 


Ducenti  annus  ante 
qudm  Roma  capio  in  Ita- 
lia Gallus  transcendo. 

Aristides  intersum  pug- 
na  navalis  apud  Salamis* 


208 


INDICATIVE    AFTER    ANTEQUAM,    &,C. 


§263. 


place  before  his  banishment  was 
remitted. 

There  was  a  law  at  Athens, 
that  no  one  should  obtain  a  de- 
cree of  the  people,  that  any  one 
should  be  presented  with  a  crown 
in  his  magistracy,  before  he  had 
rendered  his  accounts. 

Tydides  bore  off  to  the  camp 
the  fiery  steeds,  before  they  had 
tasted  the  forage  of  Troy,  and 
drank  of  the  Xanthus. 


qui  no  prius,  qudm  pce- 
na6  exiliurnc  liberod. 

Sum  lex  Athena?,  ne 
quis  populus  scitum  fa- 
cio,  ut  quisquam  corona 
dono  in  magistratuspn'ws, 
qudm  ratio  refero. 

Tydides  ardens  averto 
equus  in  castra,  prius 
qudm  pabulum  gusto 
Troja  Xanthusque  bibo. 


0  §  80,  I.      &  §  251.      c  §  211.      *  lit.  he  was  freed. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Epaminondas,  when  he  had  come  into  a  party*,  in  which  a 
disputation  was  going  on6  about  the  republic,  or  a  discourse 
holding771  about  philosophy,  never  departed  thence  till*  the 
discourse  had  been  broughtd  to  a  conclusion.  Mithridates 
transfixed  Datames  with  his  weapon",  and  killed  (him,) 
before  any  one  could  succor  (him.)  Hasdrubal,  having 
crossed7  the  Ebro5"  before  certain  news'1  of  the  defeat*  ar- 
rived J,  on  hearing*  that  the  camp  was  lost,  turned  his  course' 
towards  the  sea. 

0  circulus.  6  a  disputation  was  going  on,  disputaretur,  §  266,  1. 
e  prius,  in  the  first  clause,  and  quam,  in  the  second.  d  adduce.  '  fer- 
rum.  /  transgredior.  *  Iberus.  h  faraa.  *  clades.  J  accido. 
*  lit.  after  he  heard,  accipio.  l  iter.  m  habeo. 


J3JYTEQUJ3M  AND  PRIUSQUJM,  WITH  THE  PRESENT  AND  PERFECT 
INDICATIVE. 


Every  one  is  involved  in  a  cer- 
tain plan  of  life,  before  he  has 
been  able  to  judge  what  was  best. 

Before  I  speak  about  the  suf- 
ferings of  Sicily,  it  seems  to  me 
that  I  ought  to  say  a  few  (words) 


Ante  implico  quisque 
aliquis  genus  vivo0,  qudm 
possum,  qui  bonus  sum 
judlco6. 

Antequam  de  incom- 
modum  Sicilia  dico,  pau- 
cus  ego  videorc  sum  de 


$  263.  SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    ANTEQUAM,    &C. 


209 


about  the  dignity  of  the  prov- 
ince. 

1  was  always  his  friend,  before 
he  became  an  enemy  of  the 
state. 

You  will  receive  no  letters 
from  me,  before  I.  shall  settle  in 
some  place. 

This  I  perceived  as  soon  as  I 
saw  you,  before  you  began  to 
speak. 


provincia  dignitas  dicen- 
dusrf. 

Q,uie  sum  semper  ami- 
cus,  antequam  ille  res- 
jfo  inimicus. 

Antequam  aliquis  locus 
consido,  literse  a  ego  non 
habeo. 

Q,uie  ego,  simul  ac  tu 
asp'icio,priusquam  loquor 
ccepi,  sentio. 


*  §  275,  III.  R.  1 .     6  §  264,  4.     c  lit.  a  few  things  seem  to  me.     d  lit. 
to  need  to  be  said,  §  274,  R.  8.      e  §  206,  (17.) 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

We  use  (our)  limbs,  before  we  have  learned  for  the  sake" 
of  what  use6  we  possess"  them.  Before  I  answer  about  other* 
things,  I  shall  say  a  few  (words)  about  the  friendship  which 
he  accuses*  me  of  having  violated7,  which  I  deem*  a  most 
heavy  charge.  I  have  not  attempted  to  excite'1  pity  in  others, 
before1 1  was  myself  touched^  with  pity. 

*  for  the  sake,  causA.  b  utilitas.  c  habeo,  §  264,  4.  d  cetSrus. 
•  criminor.  /  lit.  which  he  alleges  to  have  been  violated  by  me.  s  ju- 
dieo.  h  commoveo.  *  prius,  in  the  first  clause,  quam,  in  the  second. 
J  capio. 


AND   PRIUSQUJlM,  WITH  THE  PRESENT  AND   PERFECT 
SUBJUNCTIVE. 


In  all  kinds  of  business,  dili- 
gent preparation  must  be  made 
before  you  set  about  it. 

Exert  yourself,  if  you  can, 
even  now,  in  any  way  accomplish 
the  extrication  of  yourself6,  and 
come  hither  as  soon  as  possible, 
before  all  the  troops  of  the  enemy 
collect. 

Caesar  transports  his  soldiers 
18* 


In  omnis  negotium|?n- 
usquam  aggredior,  ad- 
hibeoa  prseparatio  dil- 
igens. 

Do  opera,  si  ullus  ra- 
tio etiam  nunc  efficio 
possum,  ut  tu  explico,  et 
hue  quamprlmum  venio, 
anteqnam  omnis  copia 
adversarius  convenio. 

Caesar  miles  navis  flu- 


210 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    DUM,    &C. 


§263. 


over  the  river  in  ships,  and  seizes, 
unexpectedly,  a  hill  contiguous  to 
the  bank,  and  fortifies  itf,  before 
it  is  perceived  by  the  enemy. 

But  I  swear  to  you,  that,  pro- 
vided the  fates  will  permit,  I  will 
return,  before  the  moon  has  twice 
rilled  her  orb. 

I  desire  (while)  beautiful  to  be- 
come the  food  of  tigers,  before 
unsightly  leanness  takes  posses- 
sion of  my  comely  cheeks,  and 
the  moisture  of  the  tender  prey 
escapes. 


men  transporto,  conti- 
nensque  ripa  collis  im- 
proviso  occupo,  et,prius- 
quam  ab  adversarius  sen- 
tio,  communio. 

Sed  tu  juro  si  ego  mo- 
do  fatum  remitto,  ante 
reverto,  qudm  luna  bis 
impleo  orbis. 

Antequam  turpis  ma- 
cies  decens  occupo  mala, 
tenerque  succus  defluo 
prreda,  speciosus  qusero 
pasco  tigris. 


274,  R.  8.      b  lit.  that  you  may  extricate  yourself. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Do0  nothing,  O  conscript  fathers,  either6  in  Italy  or6  in 
Africa,  before  you  atone*  for  the  crimed  of  those  who  have 
dared  to  lay"  their  sacrilegious  hands  on  the  untouched 
treasures  of  the  temple  of  Proserpine.  Do  you  condemn  a 
friend  before  you  hear  (him)  —  before  you  interrogate  (him)? 
are  you  angry  with  him  before  he  is  allowed'  to  know5"  either 
his  accuser  or  his  crime  1 

a  gero,  perf.  sub.  §  2GO,  R.  6.  6  neque.  c  expio.  d  scelus.  '  ad- 
moveo.  /  he  is  allowed,  liceat.  e  to  know,  nosse. 


DUM,  DOJYEC,   AND    QUOAD. 


4.  In  the  following  night,  Fa- 
bius  sends  the  cavalry  before,  so 
prepared  that  they  might  engage 
and  delay  the  whole  army  till  he 
himself  should  come  up. 

In  regard  to  Terentia  and  Tul- 
lia,  I  agree  with  you  that  they 
should  follow  your  judgment ; 
and  that,  if  they  have  not  yet 


Insequens  nox  Fabius 
eques  pra3mitto,  sic  para- 
tus  ut  confllgo  atque  om- 
nis  agmen  moror,  dum 
consequor  ipse. 

De  Terentia  et  Tullia 
tu  assentior  ad  tu  ut  refe- 
ro  ;  si  nondum  proficis- 
cor  nihil  sum  quod  sui 


§263. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    DUM,    &C. 


211 


gone,  there  is  no  reason  why  they 
should  move,  till  we  see  how  af- 
fairs stand. 

Calpurnius  Flamma,  a  tribune 
of  the  soldiers,  occupied,  with  a 
chosen  band  of  three  hundred 
(men,)  the  hill  on  which  the  ene- 
my were  posted*,  and  thus  delayed 
them  till  the  whole  army  got 
clear. 

If  you  want  an  applauder  wait- 
ing till  the  curtain  (rise,)  and  sit- 
ting even  till  the  actor  shall  pro- 
claim, "  Applaud  ye,"  you  must 
mark  the  manners  of  every  age. 

The  Rhine  retains  its  name, 
and  the  impetuosity  of  its  current, 
where  it  flows  by  Germany,  until 
it  mingles  with  the  ocean. 


moveott,  quoad  perspicio 
qui  locus6  sum0  resd. 

Calpurnius  Flamma, 
tribunus  miles,  cum  lec- 
tus  trecenti  manus  inses- 
sus  ab  hostis  tumulus 
occupo;  adeoque  moror 
is  dum  exercitus  omnis 
evddo. 

Si  plausor  /  egeo  aulse- 
um?  maneo,  et  usque 
sedeo^,  donee  cantor, 
"  Tu  plaudo,"  dico,  aetas 
quisque  notoi  tu^  mos. 

Rhenus  servo  nomen, 
et  violentia  cursus,  qua 
Germania  prseveho*,  do- 
nee oceanus  misceo. 


a  §  264,  7.  &  §  212,  R.  3.  c  §  265.  *  lit.  the  affair  is.  e  lit.  pos- 
sessed by  the  enemy.  /  §  220,  3.  g  §  229.  h  fut.  part.  *  §  274,  R. 
8.  J  §  225,  III.  *  pass. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

A  truce  was  made  fora  two  months,  till  ambassadors  could 
be  sent  to  Rome,  that  the  people  might  decree6  a  peace  on" 
these  conditions.  Augustus  was  accustomed  to  appoint0  a 
guardian  to  royal  personages'*  under  agee  or  insane7,  till 
they  grew  up,  or  recovered  their  intellect s3 '.  We  must  ask 
and  entreat  angry  (persons'1,)  if  they  have  any  power1  of  in- 
flicting vengeance j ,  to  delay k  (it)  till1  their  anger  subsides"1. 
What  more"  do  you  wish  for?0  Are  you  waiting  till  L.  Me- 
tellus  givesp  testimony  of q  hisr  criminality8,  dishonesty',  and 
audacity? 

a  in,  with  ace.  fc  jubeo.  c  appono.  d  a  royal  personage,  rex.  '  un- 
der age,  setate  parvus.  f  rnente  lapsus.  B  to  recover  one's  intellects, 
resipisco.  h  lit.  angry  persons  must  he  asked,  fyc.  §  274,  R.  8.  'vis. 
i  lit.  of  avenging,  ulciscor.  *  differo,  §  273,  2.  l  dum.  m  effervesce 
n  amplius.  °  to  wish  for,  volo.  p  dico.  q  de.  T  iste.  *  scelus 
1  improbitas. 


212 


INDICATIVE    AFTER    QUUM. 


§263. 


Q.UUM,  WITH  THE   INDICATIVE. 


5.  Though  we  may  be  equally 
pained  in  mind  when  we  are 
pained  in  body,  yet  a  great  addi- 
tion may  be  made,  if  we  suppose 
that  some  eternal  and  infinite  evil 
impends  over  us. 

When,  with  a  vigorous  and 
attentive  mind,  we  contemplate 
those  things  which  have  passed, 
then  the  result  is,  that  regret  fol- 
lows if  they  are  bad,  joy  if  they 
are  good. 

When  it  is  enjoined  that  we 
should  control  ourselves,  it  is  en- 
joined that  reason  should  restrain 
rashness. 


Ut  aeque  doleo  animus, 
quum  corpus  doleo,  facio 
tamen  perrnagnus  acces- 
sio  possum,  si  aliquis" 
acternus  et  infinitus  ego 
impendeo  malum  opinor. 

Quum  is  qui  praetereo 
acer  animus  et  attentus 
intueor,  tune  facio6  ut 
aegritudo  sequor  si  ille 
malus  sum,  laetitia  si  bo- 
nus. 

Quum  pracipio*  ut 
egomet  ipse  impero,  turn 
hie  praecipio,  ut  ratio  co- 
erceo  temeritas. 


0  §  138,2,  4th  paragraph. 
R.  3,  (5.) 


6  lit.  then  it  happens.      f  impers.  §  209, 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

In  (all)  other  matters,  loss"  is  suffered6  when  calamity 
comes;  but  in  (the  case  of)  revenue0,  not  only  the  occur- 
renced  of  evil,  but  even  the  fear  itself,  produces'  calamity. 
You  ask  (me)  why  my  Laurentine7  (farm)  delights*  me  so 
much  ;  you  will  cease  to  wonder  when  you  knowh  the  con- 
venience4 of  the  situation -^  When  the  inquiry  is  instituted*, 
What  can  be  done*  1  we  must  also  examine1  how  easily  it 
can*  (be  done.)  We  never  ought"1  to  be  more  diffident" 
than  when  God  is  the  subject0.  When  Gyges  had  turned  the 
stonep  of  the  ring  to  his  palm,  he  was  not  seen  by  any  one9, 
but  he  himself  saw  all  (things,)  and  again  her  was  seen 
when  he  had  turned"  the  ring  into  (its)  place. 

a  detrimentum.  b  accipio.  c  pi.  d  adventus.  '  afltero.  /  neut 
f  §  265.  h  cognosce,  §  145,  VI.  *  opportunltas.  i  locus.  *  lit. 
when  it  is  asked.  l  we  must  examine,  videndum  est.  m  debeo.  n  ve- 
recundus.  °  God  is  the  subject,  de  Deo  agitur.  v  pala.  8  not  any 
one,  nullus.  r  again  he,  idem  rursus.  *  inverto. 


§263. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER   QUUM. 


213 


Q.UUM  WITH  THE  SUBJUNCTIVE. 


Though  I  desire,  O  judges,  to 
be  influenced  by  all  the  virtues, 
yet  there  is  nothing  which  I  more 
wish  than  to  be  and  to  seem 
grateful. 

Antigonus  would  have  pre- 
served Eumenes,  though  he  had 
been  most  hostile  to  him,  if  his 
(friends)  had  allowed  him,  be- 
cause he  was  aware  that  he  could 
not  be  more  aided  by  any  one,  in 
those  events  which  now  appeared 
to  all  to  be  impending. 

Since  there  are  in  us  design, 
reason,  foresight,  God  must  needs 
have  these  very  things  in  greater 
measure". 

Since  solitude  and  a  life  with- 
out friends  is  full  of  snares  and 
alarm,  reason  herself  advises  (us) 
to  form  friendships. 


Quum  omnis  virtus, 
judex,  me  afficio  cupio, 
tamen  nihil  sum  qui  ma- 
lo°  qudm  ego6  et  gratus 
sum  et  videor. 

Eumenes  Antigonus, 
quum  sum  is  infestus, 
conserve,  si  per  suus  li- 
cetc,  quod  ab  nullus  sui 
plus  adjuvo  possum  in- 
telltgo  in  hie  res,  qui 
impendeo  jam  appareo 
omnis. 

Quum  sum  in  ego  con- 
silium,  ratio,  prudentia, 
necesse  sum  Deus  hicd 
ipse  habeo  magnus. 

Quum  solitudo  et  vita 
sine  amicus  insidias  et 
metus  plenus  sum,  ratio 
ipse  moneo  amicitia  com- 
pare7. 


a  §  264,  R.  7.     »  §  271,  R.  3,  2d  paragraph. 
*  §  206,  (15,)  &  §  205,  R.  2,  (2.)       •  lit.  greater. 


s.  §  261, 1 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Plato  has  immortalized*  the  genius  and  various  discourses6 
of  Socrates  by  his  writings,  though  Socrates  himself  had  not 
left  a  line6.  There  was  a  vastd  number  of  prisoners  (made) 
in  the  Punic  war,  whom  Hannibal  had  sold6,  as  they  were 
not  ransomed  by  their  (friends).  As  I,  after  so  long  an  in- 
terval f,  had  burst  those  barriers  of  noble  birth5',  so  that*  in 
future*  the  way-^  to  the  consulship  should  be  open*  to  vir- 
tue, I  did  not  expect*  that  the  accusers  would  speak  of 
newness  of  family"*. 

0  to  immortalize,  trado  immortalitati.  6  sermo.  c  litgra.  d  in- 
gens.  *  to  sell,  do  venum.  f  after  so  long  an  interval,  tanto  inter- 
vallo,  §  236.  e  nobilitas,  §  211,  R.  5.  *  so  that,  nt.  *  in  future, 
posthac.  J  aditus.  *  pateo.  l  arbitror.  m  genus. 


214  SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER   QUUM.  §  263. 


QUUM  IN  NARRATION. 

R.  2.  Pausanias,  having  been  Pausanias,  quum  semi- 
carried  out  half  dead  from  the  anlmisdetemplum  effero, 
temple,  immediately  expired.  confestim  anima  efflo. 

Hortensius  having  begun,  when  Hortensius,  quum  ad- 

a  very  young  man,  to  speak  in  modum  juvenis  ordior  in 

the  forum,  speedily  began  to  be  forum  dico,  celeriter  ad 

employed  for  more  important  magnus  causa  adhibeo 

causes.  coepi". 

When  Alcibiades  was  carrying  Hie  quum  molior  Alci- 

on  these  projects,  Critias  and  the  biades,  Critias,  ceterus- 

rest  of  the  tyrants  of  Athens  sent  que  tyrannus  Athenien- 

trusty  men  to  Lysander  in  Asia6,  sis  certus  homo  ad  Ly- 

sander  in  Asia  mitto. 

Having  been  received  with  Regius  apparatus  ac- 

princely  magnificence,  we  pro-  ceptus,  sermo  in  multus 

longed  our  discourse  till  mid-  noxproduco;  quum  senex 

night ;  the  old  man  talking  of  nihil  nisi  de  Africanus 

nothing*  but  Africanus,  and  re-  loquor,  omnisque  is  non 

membering*  not  only  all  his  ac-  factumd  solum  sed  etiam 

tions,  but  even  all  his  words.  dictum  memlni. 

a  §  183,  2,  N.  last  clause.  *  lit.  into  Asia.  c  lit.  while  the  old 
men  talked  of  nothing.  d  ace.  §  216.  *  lit.  and  remembered, 
§  183,  3,  N.  ' 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Having  determined"  to  anticipate5  Darius  wherever  he 
was6,  Alexander,  that  he  might  leave  (things)  safe  behind4 
(him,)  makes  Amphoterus  commander*  of  the  fleet  on'  the 
shore  of  the  Hellespont.  When  the  scouts  returned,  a  great 
multitude  was  seen^  from  afar71 ;  then*  fires  began  to  blaze  * 
through  the  whole  plain*,  as  the  disorderly'  multitude  en- 
camped™  in  a  scattered  way".  I  frequently  listened  to" 
Zeno,  when  I  was  at  Athens.  Milo  is  said  to  have  walkedp 
through  the  stadium  at  Olympia,  carrying11  a  living  ox  upon 
his  shoulders.  When  Atticus  had  completed  seventy-seven 
years,  he  fell  sickr. 

•  statuo.  *  occdpo.  e  §  266,  3.  d  a  tergo.  '  to  make  com" 
mander,  prseficio.  /ad.  *conspicio.  *  from  afar,  procul.  *  4e* 


§264. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUl. 


215 


inde.  /  colluceo.  *  all.  without  in,  §  254,  R.  3.  l  inconditus 
m  tendo.  n  in  a  scattered  way,  laxius,  §  256,  R.  9,  2d  paragraph. 
0  to  listen  to,  audio.  f  ingredior.  *  sustineo.  r  to  fall  sick,  nan- 
ciscor  morbum. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QC77. 

§  264.  When  the  relative  qui  is  equivalent  to  ut 
with  a  personal  or  demonstrative  pronoun,  it  takes  the 
subjunctive. 


1.  Who  is  so  ignorant,  as  not 
to  understand  that  his  own  safety 
is  involved  in  that  of  the  repub- 
lic" ? 

Who  is  so  great,  that  fortune 
may  not  make  him  need  the  aid 
of  the  meanest  ? 

Invite  those  whose  characters 
are  not  dissimilar  to  your  own. 

The  Roman  nation  is  one 
which,  when  conquered,  cannot 
remain  quiet. 

I  am  a  man  who  never  did  any 
thing  for  my  own  sake,  rather 
than  that  of  my  fellow-citizens. 

There  is  nothing  so  difficult 
and  arduous,  which  the  human 
mind  may  not  overcome  ;  and  no 
passions  so  fierce  that  they  may 
not  be  thoroughly  tamed  by  dis- 
cipline. 

You  have  such  a  consul,  as  does 
not  hesitate  to  obey  your  decrees. 

Those  arts  should  be  acquired, 
which  cause  us  to  be  useful  to 
the  state. 


Quis  est  tarn  ignarus, 
qui  non  intelligo  respub- 
lica  salus  contineo  suus  1 

Quis  tantus  est,  qui 
non  fortuna  etiam  humi- 
lis  auxilium6  indigeo  co- 
go? 

Is  vococ  qui  mos  a  tu- 
us  non  abhorreo. 

Is  sum  Romanus  gens, 
qui  victus  quiesco  nescio. 

Ego  is  sum,  qui  nihil 
unquam  meus*  potius 
quam  civis  meus  causa 
facio. 

Nihil  sum  tarn  diffi- 
ctlis  et  arduus,  qui  non 
humanus  mens  vinco ; 
nullus  tarn  ferus  affectus, 
ut  non  disciplma  perdo- 
mo. 

Habeo  is  consul,  qui 
pareo  vester  decretum 
non  dubito. 

Disco'  is  ars,  qui  effi- 
cio,  ut  usus  civttas  sum. 


tt  lit.  that  in  the  safety  of  the  republic  is  involved  his  own.  *  §  250, 
R.  1,  (2.)  e  §  260,  R.  6.  *  §  211,  R.  3,  3d  paragraph;  &  §  278, 
R.  2.  •  §  274,  R.  8. 


216  SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUI.  264. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Zeno  was  by  no  means*  a  man6  who,  like6  Theophrastus, 
would  cut*  the  sinews  of  virtue,  but,  on  the  contrary",  (one) 
who  placed  every  thing  which  belonged-^  to  a  happy  life  in 
virtue.  You  should  ber  the  manA  who  should  first  separate1 
yourself  from  the  society  of  wicked }  citizens.  What  elo- 
quence* of  the  philosophers  is  so  exquisite,  as1  to  deserve  to 
be  preferred"1  to  a  well-regulated"  state,  to  public  law  and 
morals  ?  The  name  of  an  ambassador  should0  be  of  such 
a  kind?,  that  if3  may  ber  safe  even  amidst  hostile*  weapons. 
In  war  nothing  is  so  trifling'  as  not  sometimes  to  give"  the 
decisive  turn"  to  a  great  event"7.  There  is  nothing  so  in- 
credible, which  may  not  be  rendered*  credible  by  the  power 
of  language^  ;  nothing  so  rough'  and  rudeaa,  which  may  not, 
by  means  of  oratory66,  be  brightenedcc  and  adorned**. 

0  modus.     *  is.       c  ut.      d  incldo.      'contra.      /  pertineo,  §  266,  1. 

*  you  should   be,   te  esse   oportet.        A  talis.       *  sejungo.      1  impius. 

*  oratio.        l  qui.       m  §  274,  R.    8.        n  bene  constitutes.       °  debeo. 
f  of  suck  a  kind,  ejusmodi.       *  that  it,  qui.       r  versor.       '  lit.  of  ene- 
mies.    '  levis.      u  facio.      *  decisive  turn,  momentum.       "  res.     *  fio. 
y  by  the  power  of  language,  dicendo.       *  horridus.     ao  incultus.     bb  by 
means  of  oratory,  oratione.       cc  splendesco.       dd  excfilo. 


DEMONSTRATIVE  WORD  IMPLIED. 

How  often  (such  things,)  as  Quam  ssepe  forte  tem- 

you  would  not  dare  to  wish  for,  ere  evenio,  qui  non  au- 

occur  by  chance  !  deo  opto  ! 

At  my  Laurentine  (farm)  I  In  Laurentlnus0  meus 

hear  nothing  that  I  repent  having  nihil  audio,  qui  audio, 

heard6 ;  I  say  nothing  which  I  re-  nihil  dico,  qui  dico  pceni- 

pent  having  said6;  no  one  de-  teo ;  nemo  apud  ego  quis- 

fames  another  to  me  with  ill-na-  quam  sinister  sermoc  car- 

tured  conversation.  po. 

In  standing  for  the  consulship,  Quisquis  sum  qui  os- 

whoever  he  is  who  shows  any  tendo  alTquis  in  tu  volun- 

good  will  towards  you,  who  courts  tasd,  qui  colo,  qui  domus 

you,  who  comes  frequently  to  ventito,  is  in  petitio  con- 

(your)  house,  he  must  be  reckon-  sulatus  in  amlcus  nume- 

ed  in  the  number  of  your  friends,  rus  habeoe. 

Myrrnecides    gained    celebrity  Myrmecides    inclares- 


§264. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUI. 


217 


by  making  ants  and  other  small  co  ex  ebur  formica  et  ali- 

animals  of  ivory  :  he  made  a  four-  us  parvus  animal  facio7: 

horse  chariot  which  a  fly  could  quadriga  facio,  qui  mus- 

cover  with  its  wings.  ca  intego  ala. 


*  neut.       b  lit.  to  have  heard,  &-c.       e  pi. 
R.  8.      /  §  275,  III.  R.  4. 


§  212,  R.  3.      '  §  274, 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Asa  I  wish  to  draw6  a  picture0  of  the  habits*  and  life  of 
Epaminondas,  I  think*  I  ought7  not  to  omit"  any  thing^  which 
tends*  to  illustrate'  it.  The  nobility  of  Campania*  had  de- 
serted the  state,  and  could8  not  be  assembled l  in  the  senate™  ; 
there  was  (a  man)  in  the  magistracy  who  had  not  conferred 
any  new  honor71  upon  himself,  but  by  his  own  unworthiness 
had  deprived0  the  magistracy,  which  he  heldp,  of  efficacy* 
and  authority7". 

a  quum.  b  exprimo.  c  imago.  d  consuetude,  sing.  *  videor. 
/  debeo,  §  271,  R.  2.  e  prsetermitto.  h  not  —  any  thing,  nihil.  *  per- 
tineo.  J  declaro,  §  275,  II.  k  lit.  of  the  Campanians.  l  cogo 
m  §  235,  (2.)  n  to  confer  neio  honor,  honorem  adjicio.  °  demo. 


gero. 


"  jus.        *  possum. 


2.  Gracchus  chose  to  confess 
his  fault,  though  he  might  have 
concealed  it. 

Although  Cicero,  during  all 
the  preceding  days,  had  kept  his 
soldiers  confined  to  the  camp,  on 
the  seventh  day  he  sent  out  co- 
horts to  forage. 

3.  Nothing  is  said  by  philoso- 
phers,  at    least  which   is  rightly 
said,   which   has   not   been   con- 
firmed   by  those  by   whom   laws 
have  been  prepared  for  states. 

Who  would  think  any  one  hap- 
pier, than  he  to  whom  nothing  is 
wanting,  which,  at  least,  nature 
demands;  or  of  more  unchange- 
able fortune  than  (he)  who  pos- 
19 


Gracchus  peccatum 
suus,  qui  celo  possum* t 
confiteor  malo. 

Cicero,  qui  per  omnis 
superus  dies  miles  in  cas- 
tra  contineo,  septimus 
dies  cohors  frumentor' 
mitto. 

Nihil  dico  a  philoso- 
phus,  qui  quidem  recte 
dico,  qui  non  ab  is  con- 
firmoa  a  qui  civitas  jus 
describo. 

Q,uis  beatus  quisquam 
puto6,  quam  isc  qui  nihil 
desumd,  qui  quidem  na- 
tura  desidero;  aut  firmus 
fortuna*  quam  qui  is  pos- 


218 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUI. 


§264. 


sesses  such  things,  as  according 
to  the  common  saying,  he  can 
carry  ashore  with  him  even  from 
shipwreck? 

Although  Aristides  excelled  so 
much  in  moderation,  that  he 
alone,  as  far  as  we  have  heard, 
was  surnamed  the  Just,  yet  he 
was  punished  with  a  banishment 
of  ten  years. 


sideo7,  qui  suicum,  ut  aio, 
vel  e  naufragium  possum* 
effero? 

Quanquam  adeo  ex- 
cello'1  Aristides  abstinen- 
tia,  ut  unus,  qui  quidem 
ego  audio,  cognomen* 
Justus  appello,  tamen  ex- 
ilium  decem  annus  multo. 


0  R.  7.     ^  §  260,  II.  R.  5.     c  §  256,  R.  4.     d  §  266,  1.     *  all.  §  211, 
R.  6.    /  4.     *  1.     *  imp.     *  §  210,  R.  3,  (3,)  (a.)      1  §  276,  II. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

This"  is  the  state6  of  myc  candid  at  eshiprf,  as  far  as  can' 
at  present7  be  foreseen^.  I  wish'1  that,  as  far  as  is  consist- 
ent with  your  convenience',  you  would  come-'  as  soon  as 
possible1.  We  have  received  an  excellent'  custom,  if  we 
observed"1  it,  from  (our)  ancestors,  of  petitioning"  a  judge,  so 
far  as0  he  can*  do  (it)  without  a  breach  of  integrity^. 

0  hnjusmodi.  6  ratio.  c  nostcr.  d  petitio.  e  possum,  f  adhuc. 
*  provideo.  h  vo]o,  §  260,  R.  4.  *  as  far  as  is  consistent  with  your 
convenience,  quod  commodo  tuo  fiat.  §  24!),  II.  J  §  262,  R.  4.  k  as 
soon  as  possible,  quam  primiun.  '  prteclarus.  m  toneo,  §  261,  1. 
n  r°g°>  §  275,  II.  °  qufB,  ace.  pi.  p  without  a  breach  of  integrity, 


4.  The  loss  of  character  and 
confidence  are  too  great  to  be 
capable  of  being  estimated. 

The  Athenian  law  forbids  a 
sepulchre  to  be  raised  higher 
than  five  men  can  finish  in  five 
days,  and  a  larger  stone  to  be 
placed  upon  it,  than  will  contain 
the  praise  of  the  dead,  cut  in  four 
heroic  verses. 


Farna  ac  fides  dam- 
num"  magnus  sum  quam 
qui  cesti  mo  possum. 

Extruo  veto  sepulcrum 
lex  Atheniensis6  alte 
quam  qui  quinque  dies 
homo  quinque  absolvoc ', 
nee  magnus  lapis  impono 
quam  qui  capiod  laus  mor- 
tuus  incisus  quatuor  he- 
roicus  versus. 


apl.       tgen.pl.        eperf.       *  perf. 


264. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUI. 


219 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

No  changing  of  sides'1  took  place6 ;  fear  rather  than 
allegiance0  restraining^  the  Campanians,  because  they  had 
committed  too  great'  an  offence-^  in  (their)  revolt^  for  the 
possibility  of  pardon'1.  The  Greeks  cut  down*  both  larger 
and  more  branching  trees  than3  the  soldier  couldk  carry 
along  with'  his  armor"1. 


changing  of  sides,  transitio.       6  to  take  place,  fio. 

f        •         -  — ~~    .~ 


fides. 


tineo.  '  rnajura,  §  232,  (2.)  f  to  commit  an  offence,  delinquo.  *  de- 
fectio.  h  lit.  than  to  whom  it  could  be  forgiven :  to  forgive,  ignosco. 
*  imp.  i  than,  lit.  than  which.  k  possum.  l  along  with,  cum. 
m  arma. 


5.  The  Volsci  had  provided 
auxiliaries  to  send  to  the  Latins. 

I  have  sent  (an  agent)  to  pay 
for  transporting  the  statues. 

When  Antiochus  Epiphanes 
was  besieging  Ptolemy  at  Alex- 
andria, Popilius  Laenas  was  sent 
ambassador  to  him,  to  command 
him  to  desist  from  his  attempt. 

The  Cydnus  is  not  remarkable 
for  the  breadth  of  its  waters,  but 
for  their  clearness;  for,  gliding 
with  a  gentle  course  from  its 
fountains,  it  is  received  into  a 
pure  bottom;  nor  do  torrents 
rush  in  to  disturb  the  smoothly- 
flowing  stream. 

Carthaginian  ambassadors  came 
to  Rome  to  thank  the  senate  and 
Roman  people  for  having  made 
peace  with  them,  and  at  the  same 
time  to  ask  that  their  hostages 
might  be  restored. 


Volsci  compare  auxili- 
um,  qui  mitto  Latlnus. 

Mittod,  qui  pro  signum 
vectura  solvo. 

Q,uum  Antiochus  Epi- 
phanes Ptolemaeus  Alex- 
andria obsideo,  mitto  ad 
is  legatus  Popilius  La?- 
nas,  qui  jubeo  inceptum* 
desisto. 

Cydnus  non  spatium 
aqua  sed  liquor  memorab- 
ilis;  quippe  lenis  tractus 
e  fons  labor,  purus  so- 
lum6  excipio ;  nee  torrens 
incurro,  qui  placide  mano 
alveus  turbo. 

Legatus  Carthaginien- 
sis  Roma  venio,  qui  se- 
riatus  populusque  Roma- 
nus  gratia  ago,  quod  cum 
hie  pax  facioc,  simulque 
peto  ut  obses  is  reddo. 


§242.       *§247.       e§266,3.       *  pi. 


220 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUI. 


§264. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  eyes,  like"  watchmen,  occupy*  the  highest  place,  that, 
having  thence  the  widest  prospect0,  they  may  discharge*  their 
functions'.  Letters  were  invented  that  they  might  be  a 
remedy-'  against  oblivion^.  King  Philip  sent  forh  Aristotle 
(as)  a  teacher  for  his  son  Alexander,  that  he  might  receive 
from  him  instructions*  both  for  acting^  and  speaking^.  Nero, 
the  successor  of  Claudius,  covered11  the  theatre  of  Pompey 
with  gold,  for'  a  single  day,  to  make  a  display™  to  Tiridates, 
king  of  Armenia. 

a  tanquam.  5  obtineo.  e  lit.  from  which  seeing  most  (things). 
d  fungor.  '  munus,  sing.  /  subsidium.  e  §  227.  A  accio. 
*  preeceptum.  J  §  275,  III.  R.  1.  k  operio.  J  in.  m  ostendo,  lit. 
which  he,  might  display. 


6.  Some  say  that  only  two  trib- 
unes were  appointed  at  the  sa- 
cred mount. 

Persons  are  more  easily  found 
to  expose  themselves  voluntarily 
to  death,  than  to  bear  pain  pa- 
tiently. 

There  are  some  who  suppose 
that  Caesar  thought  it  was  better 
once  for  all  to  encounter  the 
plots,  which  impended  on  every 
side,  than  to  be  always  guarding 
against  (them.) 

There  are  and  have  been  phi- 
losophers, who  thought  that  God 
had  no  management  whatever  of 
human  affairs ;  there  are  also  oth- 
er philosophers,  and  these,  too, 
great  and  noble,  who  think  that 
the  world  is  administered  and 
ruled  by  the  intelligence  and  wis- 
dom of  God. 

There  are  many  who  reckon  of 
no  value  things  which  seem  ad- 
mirable to  others. 


Sum,  qui  duo  tantum 
in  sacer  mons  creo  tri- 
bunus  dico. 

Qui  sui  ultro  mors  of- 
fero,  facile  reperio,  quam 
qui  dolor  patienter  fero. 

Sum,  qui  puto  opinor 
Caesar,  insidiae  undique 
immmens  subeo  semel 
satius  sum  quam  caveo 
semper. 

Sum  philosophus  ac 
sum,  qui  Deus  omnino 
nullus  habeo  censeo  hu- 
manus  res  procuratio; 
sum  autem  alius  philoso- 
phus, et  hie  quidem  mag- 
nus  atque  nobilis,  qui 
Deus  mens  atque  ratio 
omnis  mundus  adminis- 
tro  et  rego  censeo. 

Q,ui  quidam  admirab- 
ilis  videor,  permultus 
sum  qui  pro  nihilum  puto. 


264.  SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUI.  221 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

There  are  many  who  say,  "  I  know  that  this  will  be  of  no 
use0  to  him;  but  what  can  I  do?  He  asks6  (and)  I  cannot 
resist  his  prayers."  There  teas  (some  one)  who  suggested6 
that  the  named  of  the  month  of  August  ought  to  be  trans- 
ferred" to  September,  because  *  Augustus  was  born*  in  the 
latter'1,  (and)  died*  in  the  former-'.  You  will  find*  many 
(persons)  to  wliom  dangerous  plans*  seem  more  splendid  than 
quiet  (ones.)  In  all  ages,  fewer  persons'"  have  been  found* 
who  conquered  their  desires"  than0  the  forces  of  the  enemy**. 
You  willjind  nobody  who  would  not  rather11  enjoy  the  fruits'" 
of  vice"  without  vice  (itself.) 

a  to  be  of  use,  prosum.  6  rogo.  e  suadeo.  d  appellatio,  §  272. 
'  §  274,  R.  8.  /  quod.  *  gigno,  §  266,  3.  *  hie.  *  defungor.  J  is. 
k  reperio.  l  consilium.  m  vir.  n  cupiditas.  °  lit.  than  ic'ic.  p pi. 
Place  the  verbs  of  the  relative  clauses  last.  q  malo.  r  premium.  *  ne- 
quitia. 


7.  There  is  no  orator  who  does  Nemo  sum  orator  qui 

not  wish  to  be  like  Demosthenes,  sui  Demosthenes  similis 

sum  nolo. 

It  is  no  merit  to  be  honest,  Nullus  sum  laus  ibi 

where  there  is  no  one  who  is  able,  sum  integer,  ubi  nemo 

or  who  attempts  to  corrupt.  sum  qui  aut  possum  aut 

conor  corrumpo. 

There  is  no  animal,  except  Nullus  sum  animal 

man,  which  has  any  knowledge  praster  homo,  qui  habeo 

of  God.  aliquis  notitia  Deus. 

The  Peloponnesus  itself  is  al-  Ipse  Peloponnesus  fe- 

most  wholly  in  the  sea,  nor  are  re  totus  in  mare  sum, 

there  any,  except  the  Phliasians,  nee  praeter  Phliasius  ul- 

whose  territories  do  not  touch  lus  sum,  qui  ager  non 
the  sea. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Although  Cato  had  taken  up0  the  study  of  Greek  literature 
(when)  an  elderly6  (man,)  yet  he  made  suchc  progress  in  it, 
thatrf  you  could  not  easily  find  (any  thing)  which  was  un- 
19* 


222  SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUI.  §  264. 

known  to  him,  either*  relating  to7  Greek  or"  Italian  affairs. 
Look  round  on*  all  the  members  of  the  state  ;  you  will  as- 
sured\yh  Jind  none  which  is  not  broken  and  enfeebled1.  You 
will  not  Jind  any  other j,  except  Homer  and  Archilochus, 
most  perfect  in  the  work*  of  which  he  has  been  the  inventor'. 

*  arripio.  »  senior,  §  256,  R.  9,  2d  paragraph.  c  tantus.  *  §  262, 
R.  1.  e  neque.  /  relating  to,  de.  *  to  look,  round  on,  circumspicio. 
*  profect6.  *  debilito,  perf.  J  any  other,  quisquam  alius.  *  §  206, 
(3,)  (a.)  l  the  inventor,  primus  auctor. 


INTERROGATIVE  EXPRESSIONS    IMPLYING  A  NEGATIVE. 

How  few  judges  are  there,  Quotusquisque  ex  ju- 

who  are  not  amenable  to  the  very  dex  sum0,  qui  non  is  ipse 

law  by  which  they  try  !  We  lex6  teneo0  qui  qusero"  ! 

have  all  transgressed,  some  more  Pecco  omnis,  alius  gra- 

heavily,  some  more  lightly  ;  some  visd,  alius  levis  ;  alius  ex 

with  deliberate  purpose,  some  destinatus,  alius  forte  im- 

hurried  away  by  accident.  pulsus. 

How  few  philosophers  are  Quotusquisque  philos- 

found,  who  think  their  system,  ophus'  invenio,  qui  disci- 

not  a  display  of  knowledge,  but  plina  suns  non  ostenta- 

a  rule  of  life  ;  who  obey  them-  tio  scientia,  sed  lex  vita 

selves,  and  submit  to  their  own  puto ;  qui  obtempero  ipse 

decrees !  sui,  et  decretum  suus 

pareo  ! 

•  sing.      &  §  247.      'pass.      *  ace.  pi.  §  232,  (2.)      •  §  212. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

WJiat  old  age*  is  there  which  canb  destroy0  a  divine  vir- 
tued?  What  (reason)  is  there  why"  you  should  thinks  that 
you  can  divert^  your  own  culpability  on  some  one  elseft  ? 
Who  is  there,  who,  if  he  wished  to  measure  the  knowledge 
of  illustrious  men  by  the  utility  or  magnitude  of  their  per- 
formances1, would  not  prefer  a  commander  to  an  orator? 

*  old  age,  vetustas.  b  possum.  c  conficio.  d  vis.  '  quamobrem. 
f  coglto.  B  derlvo.  h  some  one  else,  allquis.  '  res  gestse. 


§264. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUI. 


223 


7,  1.  There  is  no  reason  to 
wonder  that  Ephyre  is  called  Cor- 
inth by  Homer. 

There  is  no  reason  why  the 
hopes  of  those,  who  have  devoted 
themselves  to  the  study  of  elo- 
quence, should  be  diminished,  or 
their  industry  palsied. 

What  (reason)  is  there  why 
some  one's  cough  or  sneezing,  or 
the  awkward  driving  away  of  a 
fly,  or  the  fall  of  a  key  from  the 
hand  of  a  careless  slave,  should 
throw  us  into  a  rage  1 

As  to  the  rest,  I  wish  you 
would  be  persuaded  that  you  have 
nothing  to  fear  beyond  the  com- 
mon calamity  of  the  state;  and 
though  this  is  very  severe,  yet  we 
have  lived  in  such  a  way,  and  are 
now  of  such  an  age,  that  we 
ought  to  bear  firmly  things  which 
do  not  happen  to  us  by  our  own 
fault. 


Non  sum  qui  miror 
Ephyre  ab  Homerus 
nomlnor  Corinthus. 

Non  sum,  cur  is,  qui  sui 
studium  eloquentia  dedo, 
spes  infringOf  aut  Ian 
guesco  industria, 

Quis  sum  cur  tussis 
aliquis  aut  sternutamen- 
tum,  aut  musca  parum 
curiose  fugatus  ego  in 
rabies  ago,  aut  clavis 
negligens  servus  manus 
elapsus  ? 

De  reliquus  ita  volo* 
tu  persuadeo6,  tu  nihil 
habeo  qui  timeoc  praeter 
communis  casus  civitas ; 
qui  etsi  sum  gravis,  tameri 
ita  vivo  et  is  aetasd  jam 
sum,  ut  omnis  qui  non 
noster  culpa  nos  accido* 
fortiter  fero  debeo. 


c  §  260,  R.  4. 
R.3.      '§266,1. 


rub.  act.  §  262,  R.  4.       c  §  274,  R.  8.       *  §  212, 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

I  am  under  noa  concern5  about  myself,  but  I  do  not  know" 
tohat  to  dod  about  the  boys.  There  is  no  reason  why  you 
should  doubt  whether  a  man  can'  raise  himself  above  human 
(affairs,)  who  beholds  *  with  indifference^  the  mighty^  com- 
motion* of  events,  and  bears  *  hardships*  calmly2,  and  pros- 
perity"1 with  moderation."  Antony  did  not  know"  which 
wayp  to  turn'. 

0  nihil,  §  232,  (2.)  6  to  be  under  concern,  laboro.  c  not  to  know 
non  habeo.  d  ago.  '  possum.  /  §  266, 1.  s  with  indifference,  se- 
carus.  h  magnus.  *  motus.  1  fero.  *  durus.  l  plactde.  "*  se- 
cundus.  n  adv.  °  not  to  know,  non  habeo.  p  which  way,  quo\ 
9  lit.  to  turn  himself. 


224 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUI. 


$264. 


8.  I  have  a  volume  of  intro- 
ductions ;  and  at  my  Tusculan 
villa,  as  I  did  not  remember  that  I 
had  used  that  which  is  in  the 
third  book  of  the  Academic 
Questions,  I  put  it  to  the  book 
De  Gloria. 

The  next  honor  to  the  immor- 
tal gods  Augustus  paid  to  the 
memory  of  generals,  who  had  ren- 
dered the  Roman  empire  very 
great  from  being  very  small. 

Atticus,  who  thought  that  his 
services  ought  to  be  rendered  to 
his  friends  without  party  spirit, 
and  who  had  always  kept  aloof 
from  such  schemes,  replied,  that 
he  would  neither  talk  nor  hold  a 
meeting  with  any  one  respecting 
that  affair. 


Habeo  volumen  proce- 
mium  ;  itaque  in  Tuscu- 
lanum  qui  non  mcmini 
ego  utor  ille  procemium 
qui  sum  in  Academicus 
tertius  conjicio  is  in  liber 
De  Gloria. 

Propior  a  deus  immor- 
talis  honor  memoria  dux 
Augustus  praesto,  qui  im- 
perium  populusRomanus 
ex  parvus  magnus  reddo. 

Atticus,  qui  officium 
amicus  prsesto  sine  factio 
(zstimo,  semperque  a  ta- 
lis  sui  consilium  removco, 
respondeo  sui  neque  cum 
quisquam  de  is  res  collo- 
quor,  neque  coeo. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin, 

Agesilaus,  who  saw  that  it  would  bea  very  pernicious  if  it 
were  perceived6  that  any  onec  was  attempting^  to  desert'  to 
the  enemy,  came  to  the  place  which  the  young  men  had 
seized7  without  the  city,  and  praised  their  scheme^,  as  if 
they  had  done  (it)  with  a  good  intention'1.  Caesar  himself  has 
voluntarily1  granted^  to  me,  that  I  should  not*  be  in  that 
camp  which  was  about  to  be'  (formed)  against  Lentulus  or 
Pompey,  as  I  was  under  great  obligations"1  to  them".  What 
more  devoid  of  shame"  than  Tarquin,  who  carried  on  war 
with  those  who  had  refused  to  submitp  to  his  pride  ?  Phi- 
losophy can  never  be  adequately9  praised,  since  (he)  who 
obeys  herr  may*  live'  the  whole  term"  of  (his)  life  without 
uneasiness".  Wretched  mew,  not  to  have  been  present1 ! 

a  fore.  6  animadverto.  °  §  207,  R.31.  d  conor.  '  Iransfugio. 
f  capio.  e  consilium.  h  animus.  *  lit,  of  fiis  own  icill,  §  249,  II. 
1  concede.  *  §  262,  R.  5.  *  §  266,  1.  m  beneficium.  n  lit.  the  great 
favors  of  whom  /  had.  °  devoid  of  shame,  impudens.  p  to  refuse  to 
submit,  non  fero.  q  satis  digne.  r  qui,  §  223,  R.  2.  *  possum 
1  dego.  M  tempus.  *  molestia.  w  §  238,  2.  *  to  be  present,  adsum. 


§264.  SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUI. 


177',    QUIPPE,   OR   UTPOTE—QUI. 

The  Egyptians,  for  a  long  time  ^Egyptius  olim  Persa 
past  hostile  to  the  Persian  power,  opes  infensus,  ad  spes  ad- 
had  been  inspired  with  courage  at  ventus  Alexander  erigo 
the  hope  of  Alexander's  arrival;  &riimusa,utpdte quiAmyn- 
as  they  had  joyfully  received  even  tas  quoque  transfuga,  cum 
Amyntas,  a  deserter,  and  who  precarius  imperium  veni- 
came  with  a  power  dependent  on  ens  laetus  recipio. 
another's  pleasure. 

Scipio  did  not  reject  with  dis-  Scipio  is  miles  non  ad- 
dam  the  soldiers  who  survived  of  spernor6,  qui  ex  Cannen- 
the  army  of  Cannae,  as  he  knew  sis  exercitus  supersum,  ut 
that  the  defeat  at  Cannae  was  not  qui  neque  ad  Cannae  ig- 
sustained  through  their  coward-  navia  is  clades  accipio 
ice,  and  that  there  were  no  sol-  scio,  neque  ullus  aeque 
diers  of  equal  standing  in  the  vetus  miles  in  exercitus 
Roman  army.  Romanus  sum. 

*  lit.  had  raised  their  courage.       b  imp. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

A  skilful*  flatterer  is  not  easily  recognized6,  as  hee  often 
humors*  (us)  even  by  opposition',  and  courts'  (us)  while  he 
pretends*  to  dispute'1,  and  at  last*  gives  up}  (his  cause,)  and 
allows  himself  to  be  overcome.  To  me,  at  least*,  the  power 
of  the  tribunes  (of  the  people)  appears  very  pernicious',  as" 
having  been  produced"1  in  sedition  and  for  sedition. 

0  callidus.  6  agnosco.  e  quippe  qui.  d  assentor.  *  adversor, 
§  275,  III.  R.  4.  /  blandior.  *  while  he  pretends,  simttlans.  h  litlgo. 
*adextremum.  i  to  giveup,  do  maims.  *  quidem.  l  very  pernicious, 
pestlfer.  w  nascor,  perf. 


DIGJYUS,  IJYDIOJYUS,  &c. 

9.  We  are    not   the  cause   to  Non  ego  causa  mundus 

the  world  of  bringing  back  winter  sum  hiems*  sestasque  ref- 

and  summer  ;  we  think  too  highly  ero ;  nimis  ego  suspicio, 

fosf  ourselves,  if  we  think  ourselves  si  dignus  ego  videor  pror> 


226 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUI. 


worthy  of  having  such  mighty 
(bodies)  put  in  motion  on  our  ac- 
count6; they  have  their  own  laws. 

(He)  who  governs  well,  must 
have  obeyed  some  time  or  other ; 
and  he  who  obeys  submissively 
seems  worthy  to  govern  some  time 
or  other. 

The  character  of  Laelius  seem- 
ed a  suitable  one  to  discourse 
about  friendship,  because  we  had 
heard  from  our  fathers  that  the 
intimacy  of  Scipio  and  Laelius 
was  very  remarkable. 


§264. 


ter  qui  tantus  moveo  ;  su- 
us  iste  lex  habeo. 

Qui  bene  impero,  pa- 
reoc  aliquando  necesse 
sum ;  et  qui  modeste  pa- 
reo,  videor,  qui  aliquando 
impero,  dignus  sum. 

Idoncus  videor  Lselius 
persona  qui  de  amicitia 
disseru,  quum  accipio  a 
pater  maxlme  memorab- 
ilis  Scipio  et  Luslius  am- 
icitia sum. 


*  §  275,  I.      J  Jit.  on  account  of  whom  such  mighty  (bodies)  should  be 
put,  fyc.      *  §  262,  R.  4. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  plays"  of  Livy5  are  not  deserving0  of  being  read*  a 
second  time*.     Ccesar  had  judged  Vibullius  Rufus  a  suitable 


person-'  for  him  to  send' 


messages'  to  Pompey.     In 


Cato  Major  I  have  introduced  Cato  when  old  as  engaging  in 
the  discussion'1,  because  no  character'  appeared  more  suitable* 
to  co?wersed  respecting  age.  To  name*  the  conditions  of 
peace  belongs  to  him'  who  gives,  not  to  him  who  asks"1 
(them  :)  but  perhaps"  1°  am  not  unworthy  of  proposing11  the 
penalty1  for  myself r. 

*  fabula.  »  Livianus,  §  211,  R.  4.  c  satis  dignus.  d  lit.  which 
should  be  read,  fyc.  '  a  second  time,  itgrum.  /  a  suitable  person,  ido- 
neus.  ff  mandatum.  *  to  engage  in  a  discussion,  dispute.  *  per- 


sona.      /  aptus 
0  pi.      p  irrogo. 


dico. 
multa. 


§"211,  R.  8,  (3.) 
pi.  §  207,  R.  28. 


peto. 


for  si  tan. 


10.  This  is  the  only  sentiment  of 
the  Academics,  which  none  of 
the  other  philosophers  approves. 

A  passion  for  money  is  the 
only  (thing)  for  which  Vespasian 
may  justly  be  censured. 


Hie  AcademTcus  sum 
unus  seritentia,  qui  rel- 
iquus  philosophus  nemo 
probo. 

Solus  sum,  in  qui  mer 
ito  culpo  Vespasian  un 
pecunia  cupidltas. 


§264. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER    QUI. 


227 


There  is  one  thing  of  which 
religion,  deeply  seated  in  (our) 
minds,  compels  us  specifically  to 
complain,  and  (which)  we  wish 
you  to  hear,  if  you  think  proper. 

Lampido,  the  Lacedaemonian, 
is  the  only  woman  (that  is)  found 
in  any  age,  who  has  been  the 
daughter  of  a  king,  the  wife  of  a 
king,  and  the  mother  of  a  king. 

a  impers. 


Unus  sum  de  qui  nomi- 
natim  ego  queror  religio 
infixus  animus  cogo,  et  tu 
audio,  si  ita  videor*,  volo. 

Unus  femlna6  in  omnis 
aevum  Lampido  Lacedre- 
monius  reperio,  qui  rex 
filia,  rex  uxor,  rex  mater 
sum. 

§212. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

It  is  worthy  of  remark",  that  there  was  only  oneb  period  of 
five  yearsc  in  whichd  no  senator  died.  Lately*  when  I  had 
spoken  before7  the  centumvlri,  the  recollection  occurred* 
(to  me,)  that,  (as)  a  young  man,  I  had  pleaded71  in  the  same 
tribunal*  ;  my  mind  went;  further*  ;  I  began  to  reckon  up' 
whom  I  had  had  (as)  associates  in  that  trial"1,  whom  in  this; 
I  was  the  only  onen  who  had  spoken  in  both. 


c  period  of  five  years,   quinquennium. 
A  * 


tt  notatus.      b  unus  omnlno. 

d  §  253.     *  proximo.     /  apud.     e  subeo.     A  ago.      *  judicium.     J  pro- 
cedo.     *  ultra.     l  reputo.     "*  causa.     n  only  one,  solus. 


12.  The  senate  determined  to 
destroy  Carthage,  more  because 
the  Romans  were  willing  to  be- 
lieve whatever  was  said  respect- 
ing the  Carthaginians,  than  be- 
cause (things)  deserving  of  credit 
were  related. 

Aspis,  inhabiting  a  country  full 
of  defiles  and  fortified  with  cas- 
tles, not  only  did  not  obey  the 
king's  command,  but  was  in  the 
practice  of  plundering  whatever 
was  on  its  way  to  the  king. 

Apelles  exhibited  his  works  in 
a  shop,  (when)  finished,  to  pass- 


Magis  qui  a  volo  Ro- 
manus,  quisquis  de  Car- 
thaginiensis  dico  credo, 
quam  quia  credo0  arfero, 
statuo  senatus  Carthago 
excldo. 

Aspis,  saltuosus  regio, 
castellu/nque  munltus  in- 
cogs, non  solum  im- 
perium  rex  non  pareo, 
sed  etiam  qui  rex  porto* 
abripio. 

Apelles  perfectus  opus 
propono  pergtila  tranai- 


228  SUBJUNCTIVE    IN    INDIRECT    QUESTIONS.  §  265. 

ers  by,  and,  concealing  himself  ens,  atque  post  tabula 
behind  the  picture,  listened  to  latens,  vitium  qui  noto 
the  faults  which  were  remarked.  ausculto. 

•  §  274,  R.  8.      *  lit.  was  being  conveyed,  §  145,  N. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  elephants,  though*  they  were  driven  with  great 
delays'"  through  the  narrow  roads,  yetc,  wherever  they  went*, 
rendered'  the  line  of  march7  safer*  from  the  enemy,  because, 
being  unaccustomed  (to  them,)  they  feared'1  to  approach* 
(them.)  The  mountaineers  made  attacks-*,  now  on  the  van*, 
now  on  the  rear',  ichencver™  either  the  ground"  afforded 
(them)  an  advantage0,  or  (men  who)  had  advanced*  before 
or  lagged  behind',  gave  them  an  opportunity1".  The  soldiers 
could  neither  unroll'  nor  set  up'  any  thing;  nor  did  (that) 
which  had  been  set  up  remain,  the  wind  rending1*  and  carry- 
ing every  thing  away". 

0  sicut.  6  sing.  c  ita.  d  incedo.  '  prsebeo.  /  the  line  of  march, 
agmen.  *  pos.  h  lit.  to  (them)  unaccustomed  there  was  fear.  i  adeo, 
§  275,  III.  R.  1.  J  irruo.  k  primum  agmen.  l  novissimus.  m  ut- 
cunque.  n  locus.  °  opportumlas.  '  lit.  hiving  advanced  before,  fyc.t 
progressus.  ?  moratus.  r  occasio.  *  expllco.  '  statuo.  u  perscindo. 
*  to  carry  away,  rapio. 


SUBJUNCTIVE   IN   INDIRECT  QUESTIONS. 

<£>  265.     Dependent  clauses,  containing  an  indirect 
question,  take  the  subjunctive. 

The  Athenians  sent  to  Delphi  Atheniensis  mitto  Del- 

to  inquire  what  they  should  do.  phi  corisulo0  quisnam  fa- 
cto. 

The  ambassadors  of  Pyrrhus,  Pyrrhuslegatus,  pulsus 

being  driven  with  their  gifts  from  cum  munus  suus  ab  urbs, 

the  city,  acknowledged  to  their  interrogans6  rex  suus,quis 

king,  who  asked  them  what  they  de  hostis  sedes  sentio, 

thought  concerning  the  abode  of  urbsc  templum'*  sui  vider 


265. 


SUBJUNCTIVE    IN    INDIRECT    QUESTIONS. 


229 


their  enemies,  that  the  city  had 
seemed  to  them  a  temple,  the 
senate  a  council  of  kings. 

The  brothers  Lydus  and  Tyr- 
rhenus,  compelled  by  famine,  are 
said  to  have  cast  lots  which  of  the 
two  should  quit  the  country  with 
a  part  of  the  population.  The  lot 
fell  on  Tyrrhenus,  who  sailed  into 
Italy. 

It  is  uncertain  whether  it  would 
have  been  more  beneficial  to  the 
state  that  Caesar  should  be  born 
or  not  be  born. 

It  is  asked,  why  the  most 
learned  men  disagree  on  the 
most  important  subjects. 

Learn  what  it  is  to  live. 

It  is  uncertain  what  each  day 
or  night  may  bring. 

It  is  hard  to  tell  what  the  rea- 
son is,  why  we  are  soonest  alien- 
ated with  a  kind  of  disgust  and 
satiety  from  those  (things)  which 
most  stimulate  our  senses  with 
pleasure. 


or,  senatus  rex  concilium 
respondeo. 

Lydus  et  Tyrrhenus 
frater  fames  compulsus 
sortior  dico,  utcre  cum 
pars  multitude  patria  dis- 
cedo.  Sors  Tyrrhenus7 
contitigo,  qui  in  Italia 
perveho. 

In  incertum  sum  utrum 
Ca3sar  magis  nascor  res- 
publica  prosum*  an  non 
nascor. 

Quoero,  cur  doctus  ho- 
mo de  magnus  res  dis- 
sentio. 

Disco,  quis  sum  vivo. 

Quis  quisque71  nox  aut 
diesfiro,  incertus  sum. 

Difficilis  sum  dico* 
quisnam  causa  sum,  cur 
isj  qui  maxime  sensus 
noster  impello  voluptas, 
ab  is  celeriter  fastidium 
quidam  et  satietas  aba- 
lieno. 


«  §  276,  II.      &  §  274,  3. 
2rf  paragraph,      f  §  229. 
i  nom.  §  323,  3,  (5.) 


c§272.       <*§2IO.      •  §212,  R.  2,  N.  1, 
*  pcrf.      *  §  205,  R.  2,  Exc.      *  §  27<i,  III. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Cato  one*  day  brought  an  early6  fig  from  the  province  of 
Africa  into  the  senate-house,  and,  showing  (it)  to  the  sen- 
ators", said,  "  I  ask  you  when*  you  think  this  fruit8  was 
taken7  from  the  tree."  I  have  told  you*  what  I  fear,  what 
I  hopeh,  what  I  design1  for  the  future^ ;  write  to  mefc,  in 
return*,  what  you  have  done™,  what  you  are  doing,  what  you 
meann  to  do.  You  ask  my  advice",  whether  I  thinkp  that  you 
ought  to  plead9  causes  in  (your)  tribuneship  :  much  depends 
20 


230  SUBJUNCTIVE    IN    INTERMEDIATE    CLAUSES.        §  266. 

onr  what  you  think*  the  tribuneship  to  be,  an  empty  shadow 
or  a  sacred'  magistracy". 

a  quidam.  b  prsecox.  c  pater.  d  quando.  '  pomum.  /  de- 
mo. e  I  have  told  you,  habes.  h  opto.  *  destine.  i  for  the  fu- 
ture, in  posterum.  k  pi.  Mnvicem.  m  ago.  n  volo.  *  you  ask 
my  advice,  consulis.  p  existlmo.  9  ago.  r  much  depends  on,  plu- 
rlmuin  refert.  *  puto.  *  sacrosanctus.  u  potestas. 


SUBJUNCTIVE   IN   INTERMEDIATE   CLAUSES. 

<§>  266j  1.  When  a  proposition  containing  either 
an  accusative  with  the  infinitive,  or  a  verb  in  the  sub- 
junctive, has  a  clause  connected  with  it,  as  an  essential 
part,  either  by  a  relative,  a  relative  adverb,  or  a  con- 
junction, the  verb  of  the  latter  clause  is  put  in  the 
subjunctive. 

INTERMEDIATE   CLAUSES   CONNECTED  WITH  THE  ACCUSATIVE 
AND   INFINITIVE. 

They  say  that  good  men  culti-         Dico  vir  bonus  is  justi- 

vate  that  justice  which  is  (really  tia  scquor  qui  sum,  non 

justice,)   not   that    which    is    re-  is  qui  puto. 
puted  (to  be  so.) 

Critias    sent    confidential    per-         Critias  certus  homo  ad 

sons    into    Asia    to   Lysander    to  Lysander  in  Asia  mitto, 

inform    him,   that  unless    he    de-  qui  is  certus"  fhcio,  nisi 

spatched  Alcibiades,  none  of  those  Alcibiades  sustollo,  nihil 

things  which   he  himself  had  es-  is  res  fore  ratus,  qui  ipse 

tablished  at  Athens  could  remain  Athens  constituo. 
in  force. 

I  have  heard  some  one  say  this,         Audio  hie  dico  quidam 

respecting  certain  orators  to  whom  de  quidam  orator,  ad  qui 

he  had  carried  his  cause,  that  he  causa   suus   dcfero,    gra- 

who  had  refused   him  had    been  tus  sui  sum   is  qui  ne.go 

more  agreeable  to   him,  than  he  quam   ille6    qui  redpio  : 

who  had   undertaken  the  cause  :  sic  homo  fronsc  et  oratioc 

so  much  are  men  taken  by  looks  magis   quam    ipse    bene- 

and  words,  more  than  by  substan-  ficium  resque  capio. 
tial  kindness. 

a  comp.       b  ace.  §  278.       e  sing'. 


§  266.          SUBJUNCTIVE    IN    INTERMEDIATE    CLAUSES.  231 

English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Some  think  that  Julius  Csesar,  having  weighed*  his  own6 
and  (his)  enemies'6  forces,  availed  himself d  of  the  occasion 
of  seizing  supreme  power6,  which  he  had  coveted  in  early 
lifeA  The  camp  of  Alexander  appeared  to  Darius  (in  his 
dream)  to  shine*"  with  a  great  effulgence'1  of  fire,  and  a  little 
after  Alexander  (appeared)  to  be  brought*  to  him  in  that 
fashion-'  of  dress  in  which  he  himself  had  been.  Augustus 
frequently  remarked4,  that  whatever1  was  done  well  enough, 
was  done  quickly  enough ;  and  that  (those)  pursuing"1 
trifling  advantages"  at  no  trifling  risk0,  were  like  (men) 
fishing  with  a  golden  hook ;  the  loss  of  which,  (if)  broken 
off7',  could  be  compensated7  by  nothing  which  they  could 
catchr. 

0  pensitatus.  6  §  208,  &211,  R.  3,  3d  paragraph.  c  §  278,  R.  2. 
<*  to  avail  one's  self,  utor.  '  supreme  power,  dominatio.  /  early  life, 
prima  setas.  e  colluceo.  h  fulgor.  *  adduco.  J  habitus.  k  fre- 
quently remarked,  aiebat,  §  145,  II.  1.  l  quisquis.  m  sectans.  n  tri- 


fling  advantages,   minima    commSda.        °  discnmen.        p  abruptus. 
*  penso.       r  by  nothing  which  they  coulc 


could  catch,  nulla  captura. 


It  is  not  to  be  denied*,  that  Hannibal  as6  much  excelled6 
other  commanders4  in  sagacity',  asf  the  Roman  people  sur- 
pass5 alP  other  nations4  in  bravery *.  I  see  that  this  has 
been  the  opinion-'  of  the  wisest  (men,)  that  law  was  neither 
devised*  by  the  ingenuity'  of  men,  nor  is  any™  decree"  of 
the  people,  but  (was)  something0  eternal,  which  govcrnedp 
the  universe7.  This  is  no  new  custom  of  the  senate  and 
Roman  people,  of  thinking7"  that  what  is  best  is  most  noble. 
The  sentiments-'  of  Zeno  are  of  this  nature* ;  that  the  wise 
(man)'  is  never  influenced"  by  favor",  (and)  never  pardons 
any  man's10  fault* ;  that  wise  (men)  alone  are  beautiful, 
(even)  if  they  are  quite  deformed^ ;  rich,  if  they  are  com- 
pletely beggarsr ;  kings,  if  they  live  in  slavery0";  and  that 
he  who  has  stolen  a  fowli&,  when  it  was  not  necessary",  has 
committed  no  less  an  offence**,  than  he  who  has  strangled"* 
his  father.  Many  (persons)  hastily ff  believe,  that  he,  who 
imitates  the  language*^  of  the  good,  will  also  imitate  their 
actions'1'1.  I  find  that  a  double  portico  was  constructed  by 
Cn.  Octaviusfi,  near^'  the  Flaminian  Circus,  which  (portico) 
was  called  Corinthian,  from  the  brazen  capitals  of  the 
columns. 


232  SUBJUNCTIVE    IN    INTERMEDIATE    CLAUSES.        §  266. 

*  infitior,  §  274,  R.  8,  2d  paragraph,  last  clause.  b  tanto,  §  256,  R. 
16.  <  presto.  d  §  224,  R.  5.  e  prudentia,  §  250.  /  quanto.  B  an- 
tecedo.  h  cunctus.  *  fortitude.  i  sententia.  *  excogitatus. 
1  ingenium,  pi.  ™  aliquis.  "  scitum.  °  quidam.  p  rego.  ?  uni- 
versus  mundus.  r  puto,  §  275,  III.  R.  1.  *  ejusmodi.  *  §  272. 
**  moveo.  *  gratia.  v  any  man,  quisquam.  x  dclictum,  §  223,  R.  2. 
y  distortus,  sup.  z  completely  beggars,  mendicus,  svp.  aa  to  live  in 
slavery,  servitutem  servlre.  bb  gallus  gallinaceus.  <*  opus.  dd  has 
committed  no  less  an  offence,  nee  minus  delinqvure.  ee  suffoco.  //  tern- 
fire.  es  oratio.  hh  factum.  "  §  248,  I.  11  ad. 


INTERMEDIATE  CLAUSES    CONNECTED  WITH    THE    SUBJUNCTIVE. 

Agesilaus,  with  great  industry,  made  preparations  for 
war0 ;  and  that6  his  soldiers  might  armc  themselves  with  more 
care*,  and  equip8  themselves  in  a  more  striking  manner', 
he  proposed  rewards  with  which  they  should  be  presented3 ', 
whose  attention71  to  this  point*  had  been  preeminent'.  How 
could  Lacedaemon  obtain*  the  enjoyment*  of  good  kings, 
when  whoever  was  born™  of  the  royal  family"  must  be  re- 
garded0 (as)  king.  Darius  gives  orders^  to  Mazaeus,  that 
he  should  burn  and  lay  waste*  the  country*"  ichich  Alexander 
was  going  to  enter* ;  for'  he  thought"  (he)  might  be  re- 
duced" by  want  of  provisions",  having  nothing  but1  what  he 
had  secured?  by  plundering*.  Drusus  said  to  his  architect, 
"  Do  you  arrange6"1  my  house  so  that  whatever  I  dobb  maycc 
be  seenrfrf  by  all  (men.)"  Piety  towards  God  requires"'  that 
nothing  should  be  demanded  ff  of  him  which  is  unjust  and 
dishonorable^.  There  is  no  doubt'1'1  that"  what  is  ani- 
mated", and  has  sense  and  reason,  is  better  than  (that) 
which  is  destitute**  of  these.  The  Sicilians  say,  that  they 
implore  the  senators,  that  if  all  their  goods"  cannotmm  (be 
restored)  to  the  owners,  (those)  at  least  may  be  restored, 
which  can  be  recognized. 

a  lit.  prepared  (apparo)  rear.  b  quo.  e  passive,  in  a  middle  or  re- 
flexive sense,  §  248,1.  R.  1,  2rf  paragraph.  d  icitlt  more,  care,,  studio- 
sitis.  e  orno,  pass.  See  note  c.  f  in  a  more  striking  manner,  insig- 
nius.  e  orno,  §  264,  5.  h  industria.  *  lit.  in  this  thing.  J  egregius. 

*  assequor.       l  tit.   that  they  should  enjoy,  utor.       m  plup.       n  genus. 
0  habeo,  §  274,  R.  8,  &  §  263,  5.       v  to  give  orders,  mando.     ?  to  Iny 
waste,  populor.       r  regio.       *  adeo.  §  274,  R.  6.       '  quippe.       u  credo 

*  debello.       "  want  of  provisions,  inopia.       *  nisi.       y  occupo.      "  ra- 
pio,  §  275,  III.  R.  4.       ^  compono.       bb  ago.       te  possum.       dd  per- 
spicio.        ee  postulo.       //  expeto.        ee  inhonestus.       *A  lit.   it  is  not 
doubtful.       "  §  262,  R.  10,  2.      U  ammans.        **  careo.        »  §  212 
R.  2,  N.  4.      mm  nequeo. 


^  266.         SUBJUNCTIVE    IN    INTERMEDIATE    CLAUSES.  233 


INTERMEDIATE  CLAUSES   CONNECTED   BY   RELATIVE   ADVERBS 
AND  CONJUNCTIONS. 


The  people  loudly  exclaim, 
that  they  are  not  willing  to  obey 
either  one  man  or  a  few  ;  that  all 
are  destitute  of  liberty,  whether 
they  serve  a  king  or  nobles. 

Scipio  said  that  he  knew  this 
very  well,  that  the  Locrians,  al- 
though they  had  deserved  ill  of 
the  Roman  people,  would  be  in  a 
better  condition  under  the  Ro- 
mans, (though)  provoked,  than 
they  had  been  under  the  Cartha- 
ginians, (though)  their  friends. 

What  is  more  honorable,  than 
for  an  old  man  (who  has)  passed 
through  (all)  the  offices  and  em- 
ployments of  the  state,  to  be  able 
to  say  in  his  own  right,  what  the 
Pythian  Apollo  says  in  Ennius, 
that  he  is  one  from  whom,  if  not 
nations  and  kings,  at  least  all  his 
own  citizens  seek  counsel  for 
themselves? 


Magnus"  vox  clamo 
popiilus,  neque  sui  unus 
neque  paucus  volo  pareo ; 
libertas  omnis  careo,  sive 
rex  sive  optimas  servio. 

Scipio  sui  ille  satis 
scio  dico,  Locrcnsis,  etsi 
male  de  popiilus  Roma- 
nus  mereor,  in  bonus  sta- 
tus sub  iratus  Romanus 
sum,  quam  sub  amicus 
Carthaginiensis  sum6. 

Q,uis  sum  praeclarus, 
quam  honorc  et  respubli- 
ca  munus  perfunctus  se- 
nex  possum  suus  jus  dico 
idem,  qui  apud  Ennius 
dicorf  ille  Pythius  Apollo, 
sui  sum  is,  unde  sui,  si  non 
popiilus  et  rex,  at  omnis 
suus  civis  consilium  ex- 
peto  f 


*sup. 


§245,  I.       d§  266,  1. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin, 

The  Magi  maintain'1  that  the  sun  is  the  (god)  of  the 
Greeks;  the  moon,  of  the  Persians;  that  as  often  asb  she 
suffers  eclipse6,  ruin  and  destruction/*  are  portended  to  that 
nation. 

The  soldiers  of  Alexander  sauf  that  the  sea  raged  the 
more  furiously f  ase  it  rolled11  in  a  narrower  space4  between 
the  island  (of)  Tyre  and  the  main  land'. 

a  affirmo.  b  as  often  as,  quoties.  c  to  suffer  eclipse,  deficio.  d  stra- 
ges.  *  cerno.  /  the  more  furiously,  hoc  aeries.  e  quo.  *  volato, 
pass.  *  in  a  narrow  space,  arctics,  i  continens. 

20* 


234 


SUBJUNCTIVE    IN    THE    ORATIO    OBLIQUA. 


§266 


<§>  266,  2.  In  the  oratio  oUiqua,  the  main  proposi- 
tion is  expressed  by  the  accusative  with  the  infinitive  ; 
and  dependent  clauses  connected  with  it  by  relatives 
and  particles,  take  the  subjunctive. 


Then  at  length  Liscus  dis- 
closes, what  before  he  had  con- 
cealed ;  that  there  are  some, 
whose  authority  is  of  very  great 
weight  with  the  common  people, 
(and)  who,  (though)  in  a  private, 
station,  have  more  power  than  the 
magistrates  themselves. 

Aristotle  says  that  certain  small 
animals  are  produced  near  the 
river  Hypanis,  which  live  (but)  a 
single  day. 

They  say  that  Tarquin  re- 
marked, that,  being  in  exile,  he 
had  ascertained  what  faithful  and 
what  unfaithful  friends  he  had 
had,  since  now  he  could  make  no 
return  to  either. 

The  leaders  of  the  barbarians 
ordered  proclamation  to  be  made, 
that  no  one  should  leave  his  sta- 
tion, (and)  that  whatever  booty 
the  Romans  had  left  was  theirs, 
and  was  reserved  for  them. 

R.  1.  A  response  had  been 
made  to  Pyrrhus  by  Jupiter  of 
Dodona,  that  he  should  beware 
of  the  Acherusian  waters  and  the 
city  of  Pandosia. 

R.  5.  Themistocles  informed 
Xerxes,  that  it  was  contemplated 
to  destroy  the  bridge^,  which  he 
had  made  over  the  Hellespont. 


Turn  demum  Liscus, 
qui  anteataceo,  propono; 
sum  nonnullus,  qui  auctor- 
itas  apud  plebs  multum 
valco,  qui  privatim  mul- 
tus  possum,  quam  ipse 
magistratus. 

Apud  Hypanis  fluvius 
Aristoteles  aio  bcstiola 
quidam  nasco,  qui  unus 
dies  vivo. 

Tarquinius  dico  fero, 
exsulans  sui  intdl'igo,  qui 
fid  us  amicus  liabco,  qui 
infidus,  quum  jam  neuter 
gratia  refero  possum. 

Dux  barbarus  pronun- 
tio  jubeo,  ne  quis  ab  lo- 
cus discedo" ;  ille  sum 
prceda,  atque  \\\erescrvo, 
quifunque  Romanus  rc- 
linquob. 

Pyrrhus  a  Dodonseus 
Jupiter  do  dictio ;  cavcoc 
Acherusias  aqua  Pando- 
siaque  urbs. 

Themistocles  ccrtus 
Xerxes  facio,  is  ergo,  ut 
pons,  qui  ille  in  Helles- 
'0,  dissolvo. 


0  R.  1.        &  R.  4.      c  In  the  oratio  direcla,  this  icould  be  cave,  or  ca- 
veas.      d  lit.  that  the  bridge  should  be  destroyed 


266.         SUBJUNCTIVE    IN    INTERMEDIATE    CLAUSES. 


235 


<§>  266,  3.  A  clause  connected  by  a  relative  or  cau- 
sal conjunction  to  a  leading  clause,  or  by  a  connective 
of  any  kind  to  a  preceding  dependent  clause,  and  con- 
taining the  thoughts  or  language  of  another,  indirectly 
quoted  or  referred  to,  has  its  verb  in  the  subjunctive. 


This  always  seems  strange  to 
me  in  the  discourse  of  learned 
men,  that  the  persons  who  say 
they  cannot  steer  in  a  calm  sea, 
because  they  have  never  learned 
nor  given  themselves  any  concern 
to  know,  should  yet  profess  that 
they  will  go  to  the  helm,  when 
the  greatest  waves  are  excited. 

When  to  these  suspicions  in- 
disputable facts  were  added,  that 
he  had  led  the  Helvetii  through 
the  territory  of  the  Sequani,  (and) 
that  he  was  accused  by  the  magis- 
trates of  the  ^Eclui,  Caesar  thought 
there  was  sufficient  reason  why 
he  should  either  punish  him  him- 
self or  order  the  state  to  pun- 
ish. 

Africanus  always  had  Xeno- 
phon,  the  disciple  of  Socrates,  in 
his  hands,  and,  above  all  things, 
praised  this  in  him,  that  he  said 
that  the  same  labors  are  not 
equally  severe  to  the  commander 
and  the  soldier,  because  the  hon- 
or itself  made  the  labor  of  the 
commander  lighter. 

When  Caligula  was  named 
an  heir  by  persons  unknown  to 
him,  along  with  their  intimate 
friends,  and  by  parents  among 


Hie  in  homo  doctus 
oratio  ego  minis  videor 
soleo,  quod  qui  tranquil- 
lus  mare  guberno  sui  rie- 
goa  possum,  quod  nee  dis- 
co nee  unquam  satis  euro, 
idem6  ad  gubernaculum 
sui  accedo  profiteorc,  ex- 
citatus  magnus  fluctus'*. 

Q,uum  ad  hie  suspicio 
certus  res  accedo6,  quod 
per  finis  Sequjyii  Helve- 
tiiperduco,  quod  a  magis- 
tratus  yEdui  accuso,  sa- 
tis sum  causa7,  arbitror 
Csesar,  quare  in  is  aut 
ipse  animadverto,*  aut 
civitas  animadverto  ju- 
beo. 

Semper  Africanus  So- 
craticus  Xenophon  in 
manus  habeo,  qui°  in  pri- 
mus laudo  ille,  quod  di- 
co  idem  labor  non  sum 
aique  gravis  imperator  et 
miles,  quod  ipse  honos 
labor  levis  facio  impera- 
torius. 

Quum  Caligula  ab  ig- 
notus  inter  familiaris  et 
a  parens  inter  liberi  he- 
res  nunciipo,  derlsor  vo- 


236  SUBJUNCTIVE    IN    INTERMEDIATE    CLAUSES.         §266 


their  children,  he  said  they  mocked 
him,  because  they  persisted  in 
living  after  the  naming. 

Not  only  the  Africans  could 
not  be  corrupted,  but  they  even 
sent  ambassadors  to  Lacedsemon 
to  accuse  Lysander  of  having  en- 
deavored to  corrupt  the  priests  of 
the  temple. 

The  road  from  Apamea  to 
Phrygia  is  through  the  country 
of  Aulocrene  ;  a  plane-tree  is 
shown  there,  from  which  Marsyas 
is  said  to  have  been  suspended 
(when)  conquered  by  Apollo. 

The  reason  why  the  cuckoo 
puts  her  young  under  (other 
birds,)  is  supposed  to  be,  because 
she  knows  that  she  is  hated  by  all 
other  birds. 


co,  quod  post   nuncupa- 
tio  vivo  persevere. 

Non  solum  corrumpo 
non  possum  Afer,  sed 
etiam  legatus  Lacedae- 
mon  mitto,  qui  Lysander 
accuso,  quod  sacerdos  fa- 
nuin  corrumpo  conor. 

Ab  Apamea  in  Phrygia 
per  regio  Aulocrene  eoft; 
ibi  ostendo  platanus  ex 
qui  pendeoi  Marsyas,  ab 
Apollo  victus. 

Causa  coccyx  subjicio' 
pullus  sum  puto  quod 
scio  sui  invlsus  cunctus 
avis. 


0  §  206,  1.       t  §  207,  R.  27.       c  §  273,  5.       *  §  257.       •  §  263,  5. 
/  8  212.  R.  4.     *  tre.n.      *  §  248,  I.  R.  1.       *  act.  sulj.  pcrf.      J  §275, 


/  §  212,  R.  4.     *  ^ew. 
III.  R.  1. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

We  have  heard  of0  extraordinary6  kinds  of  birds  in  the 
Hercynian  forest6,  whose  plumage  shines'1  in  the  night'  like 
fire7.  Augustus  broke  the  legs  of  Thallus*,  his  amanuensis'1, 
because  he  had  received  five  hundred  denarii  for  having  be- 
trayed a  letter*.  It  seems  strange-7'  thatk  a  diviner  does  not 
laugh  when  he  sees  (another)  diviner.  Plato  calls'  pleasure 
a  bait,  because"1  men  are  caught  by  it,  as  fishes  by  the  hook. 
No  one  despises",  or  hates,  or  shuns  pleasure  itself,  because 
it  is  pleasure,  but  because  great  sufferings0  attendp  on  those 
who  do  not  know  (how)  to  pursue  pleasure  in  a  rational 
manner9. 

0  accipio.  6  inusitatus.  e  saltus.  d  colluceo.  *  pi.  /  like  fire, 
ignium  modo.  g  §  211,  R.  5,  1.  h  a  manu.  '  for  having  betrayed  a 
letter,  pro  epistolft  prodiki,  §  274,  R.  5.  1  mirabilis.  *  §  273,  5 
1  appello.  m  quod  videlicet.  n  aspernor.  °  dolor.  p  consequor 
'  a  rational  manner,  ratio. 


§267. 


IMPERATIVE    MOOD. 


237 


IMPERATIVE  MOOD. 


$  267.  The  imperative  mood  is  used,  in  the  sec- 
ond person,  to  express  a  command,  an  exhortation,  or 
an  entreaty. 


Begin,  Damsetas. 

Sing,  O  Muses. 

Practise  justice  and  piety. 

Let  industry  be  praised. 

Let  crimes  be  punished. 

Doubt,  even  now,  judges,  if 
you  are  able,  by  whom  S.  Ros- 
cius  was  slain. 

Remove  far  hence,  ye  profane, 
and  retire  from  the  whole  grove. 

O  Jupiter  !  preserve,  I  beseech 
(thee,)  these  blessings  for  us. 

Conscript  fathers,  by  the  majes- 
ty of  the  Roman  people,  aid  an 
unfortunate  man ;  oppose  injus- 
tice. 

There  is  great  efficacy  in  the 
virtues;  arouse  these,  if  per- 
chance they  slumber. 

The  god  says  to  Semele, 
"Choose  (for  yourself;)  you  shall 
suffer  no  refusal.  And  that  you 
may  the  more  believe  (this,)  let 
the  divinity  of  the  Stygian  flood 
also  be  witness." 

Let  kings  be  honored. 

Be  ye  advised. 

Let  the  first  victor  have  a  steed 
adorned  with  trappings. 

Send  ye  a  present  to  the  Pythi- 
an Apollo,  (and)  keep  yourselves 
from  licentious  joy. 

R.  1.  Do  no  violence  to  Ceres. 


Incipio,  Damaetas. 

Dico,  Musa. 

Justitia  colo  et  pietas. 

Laudo  industria. 

Punio  crimen. 

Dubitoetiam  nuncju- 
dex,  si  possum,  a  qui  S. 
Roscius  occido". 

Procul  O,  procul  sum 
profanus,  totusque  absis- 
to  Incus. 

O  Jupiter !  servo,  ob- 
sgcro,  hie  ego  bonum. 

Pater  conscriptus,  per 
majestas  populus  Roma- 
nus  subvenio  miser ;  eo 
obviam  injuria6. 

Magnus  vis  sum  in  vir- 
tus ;  is  cxcito,  si  forte 
dormio. 

Semele  Deus,  "  El- 
igo,"  aio  ;  "  nullus  patior 
repulsa.  Qiioque  magis 
credo,  Stygius  quoque 
conscius  sum  numenc  tor- 
rens." 

Rex  honoro. 

Monco. 

Primus  equus  phalera 
in  sign  is  victor  habco. 

Pythius  Apollo  donum 
mitto,  lascivia  a  tu  pro- 
hibeo. 

Tu  ne  violo  Ceres, 


238  IMPERATIVE    MOOD.  §  267. 

Trust  not  too  much  to  beauty.  Nimium  ne   credo  co- 
lor. 

Do  not,  I  beseech  you,  despond  QUEBSO,     animus*    ne 

in  mind.  despondeo. 

Let  there  be  no  hinderance  to  Ne  quis  meus  sum  dic- 

my  orders  ;  nor  Jet  any  one  pro-  turn  mora ;  neve  quis  ob 

ceed  more  slowly  on  account  of  inceptum    subitus    ego8, 

the  suddenness  of  my  enterprise,  segnis  co. 

R.  3.  Regard  nothing  else,  ex-  Facio,    ne    quis    alins 

cept  to  recover  your  health  as  per-  euro,  nisi  ut  quam  com- 

fectly  as  possible.  mode  convalesco. 

Beware  of  doing  it :  or,  Do  it  Caveofacio. 
not. 

Do   not   wish    for   that   which  Nolo  is  volo,  qui  facio 

cannot  be  done.  non  possum. 

Take  care  of  your  health.  Cura,  ut  valeo. 

0  §  265.      *  §  228.      e  pi.      *  ace.      '  §  211,  R.  5, 1. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Let  king  Antiochus  andrt  the  Roman  people  haveb  peace 
on  these  conditions'.  Let  him  depart*  from  the  cities,  fields, 
villages,  (and)  fortresses'  on  this  side  of  Mount7  Taurus  as 
far  as  toff  the  river7  Tanais.  Let  there  be  high  priests'1  for 
all  the  gods  (and)  particular  priests*  for  each:  and  let  the 
Vestal  virgins  in  the  city  guard 3  the  eternal*  fire.  It  is  not 
enough'  that  poems  be"1  beautiful"  :  let  them  be  delightful0, 
and  impel  the  mind  of  the  hearer  in  whatever  way7*  (they) 
please.  At  the  river7  Rubicon,  Caesar  said,  "  Let  us  ad- 
vance7 whither  the  prodigiesr  of  the  gods  and  the  injustice* 
of  (our)  enemies  call  (us.)  Let  the  die  be  cast1."  Come"  as 
soon  as  possible0.  Have™  great  courage*,  and  good  hope. 
Do  noty  judge,  O  Lupus,  from  our  silence*,  what  we  either 
approve™  or  disapprove. 

a  cum.  §  248,  III.  «•  sum,  §  220.  c  lex.  d  excedo.  *  castel- 
lum.  /  §  279,  9.  e  as  far  as  to,  usque  ad.  h  pontifex.  i  a  partic- 
ular prirst,  flamen.  J  custodio.  k  sempiternus.  '  it  is  not  enough, 
non  est  satis.  m  §  269.  n  pulcher.  °  dulcis.  p  in  whatever  icay, 
quocunque.  q  let  us  advance,  eatur.  r  ostentum.  *  iniqultas.  '  let 
the  die  be  cast,  jacta  alea  esto.  u  cura  ut  venias.  "  as  soon  as  pos 
sible,  quam  primiim.  w  f'ac,  &c.  §  262,  R.  4.  *  animus.  y  noli,  &c 
*  taciturmtas.  M  §  265. 


§268. 


INFINITIVE    MOOD. 


239 


INFINITIVE  MOOD. 


<§>  268.  The  tenses  of  the  infinitive  denote  respec- 
tively an  action  as  present,  past,  or  future,  in  reference 
to  the  time  of  the  verbs  with  which  they  are  connected. 


All  (men)  are  wont  to  meditate 
long,  who  wish  to  transact  im- 
portant business. 

Pelopidas  did  not  hesitate  to 
engage  as  soon  as  he  saw  the 
enemy. 

We  shall  seek  that  that,  which 
is  doubtful,  be  granted  to  us. 

It  is  very  often  said  by  the 
enemies  of  Milo,  that  the  senate 
have  decided  the  slaughter,  in 
which  P.  Clodius  fell,  to  have 
been  committed  against  the  state. 

It  was  reported,  that  the  temple 
of  the  Ephesian  Diana  had  been 
jointly  erected  by  the  cities  of 
Asia. 

Most  persons  love  those  friends 
best,  from  whom  they  hope  that 
they  shall  receive  the  greatest  ad- 
vantage. 

The  Britons  promised  that 
they  would  give  hostages  and 
would  do  what  Caesar  should 
command. 

Let  each  one  cease  to  trust 
in  high  things ;  death  levels  all 
things. 

R.  1.  I  remember  that  I  heard 
at  Athens  from  my  (friend)  Phae- 
drus,  that  Gellius  had  assembled 
all  the  philosophers  at  Athens 
into  one  place. 

Do  you  not  remember  that  you 
exclaimed  that  all  was  lost? 


Soho  diu  cogito  omnis, 
qui  magnus  negotium0 
volo  ago. 

Pelopidas  non  dubito, 
simul  ac  conspicio  hostis, 
cunfligo. 

Postulo  ego  ille,  qui 
dubius  sum,  concede. 

A  Milo  inimicus  saepe 
dico,  csedes,  in  qui  P. 
Clodius  occido6  senatus 
jucKco,  contra  respublica 
facio. 

Diana  Ephesius  fanum 
communiter  a  civitas  Asia 
facio,  fama  feroc. 

Plerusque  amicus  is 
potissimum  diligo,  ex  qui 
spcro  sui  magnus  fructus 
capio. 

Britannus,  obses  do, 
quique  Caesar  irnpero^ 
sui  facio  polliccor. 

Desmok  elatus  quis- 
quam  confido  res  ;  omnis 
mors  sequo. 

Ego  Athenas  audio  ex 
Phaedrus  metis  mcmini 
Gellius  Athenae  philoso- 
phus  in  unus  locus  con- 
voco. 

Nonne  memini  clamo 
tu,  omnis  pereo? 


240 


INFINITIVE    MOOD. 


263. 


I  remember  that  Q,.  Scaevola 
the  augur,  when  he  was  very  far 
advanced  in  age,  daily  afforded 
opportunity  to  all  of  visiting 
him. 

I  remember  that  I  far  preferred 
Demosthenes  to  all. 

I  remember  that  I  when  absent, 
and  my  (friends)  when  present, 
were  defended  by  you. 

You  remember  that,  in  the  con- 
sulship of  Cotta  and  Torquatus, 
many  things  in  the  Capitol  were 
struck  with  lightning. 

R.  2.  We  have  a  decree  of  the 
senate,  Catiline,  according  to 
which  it  is  meet  that  you  should 
be  immediately  put  to  death. 

It  is  not  enough  to  censure  him 
who  has  done  wrong,  if  you  do  not 
show  the  right  way. 

R.  3.  Cato  declares  that  while 
he  lives  Pontinius  shall  not  tri- 
umph. 

The  Nervii  said  that  they  would 
do  (the  things)  which  were  com- 
manded. 

R.  4.  Caesar  perceived  that  it 
would  be  with  great  danger  to 
the  Province,  to  have  warlike 
men,  the  enemies  of  the  Roman 
people,  bordering  upon  an  acces- 
sible country  and  (one)  abound- 
ing greatly  in  corn. 

Pompey  had  declared  that,  be- 
fore the  armies  should  engage, 
Caesar's  army  would  be  beaten. 


Ego  d.  Scsevola  augur 
memoria  tcneo,  curn  sum 
summus  senectus",  quo- 
tidie  facio  omnis  con- 
venio/  sui  potestas. 

Recordor  longe  omnis 
unus  anttfero  Demosthe- 
nes. 

Et  ego  absens,  et  meus 
prsesens  a  tu  defendo* 
incmini. 

Memoria  tcnco,  Cotta  et 
Torquatus  consul,  com- 
plures  in  Capitoliurn  res 
de  coelum  percutio. 

Ilabeo  senatus  consul- 
turn,  qui  ex  senatus  con- 
sultum  confestim  tu  intcr- 
Jicio,  Catilina,  convenit. 

Non  satis  sum  rcprc- 
lirndo  peccans,  si  non  do- 
ceo  rectum'1  via. 

Cato  affirmo,  sui*  vivus 
Pontinius  non  triumplio. 

Nervii,  qui  impend, 
facio  dico. 

Caesar  intelllgo,  mag- 
nus  cum  Provincia  peric- 
iilum  sum  ut  homo  belli- 
cosus,  populus  Romanus 
inimlcus,  locus"  patens 
maxTmeque  frumentarius 
finitimus  habeo. 

Pornpeius  dico,  prius- 
quam  concurro  acies, 
fore,  uti  exercitus  Csesar 
pdlo. 


*  act.  imp.     *  §  26C.  R.  4.     e  §  245,  III.    /  §  275,  II 
per/.     *gcn.     «  §  257,  R.  7.    J  §  260,  1.     k  260,  R.  6. 


pass. 


§269. 


INFINITIVE    MOOD    AS    A    SUBJECT. 


241 


INFINITIVE  MOOD  AS   A   SUBJECT. 

§  269.     The  infinitive,  either  with  or  without  a  sub- 
ject-accusative, may  be  the  subject  of  a  verb. 


Not  to  show  gratitude  for  favors 
is  base,  and  is  so  esteemed  among 
all  men  :  not  to  love  one's  parents 
is  impiety. 

To  be  shipwrecked,  to  be  over- 
turned in  a  carriage,  though  se- 
vere, are  uncommon  accidents; 
man  (is)  in  daily  danger  from  his 
fellow-man. 

It  is  disgraceful  to  say  one 
thing  and  think  another;  how 
much  more  disgraceful  to  write 
one  thing  and  think  another ! 

To  speak  beautifully  and  ora- 
torically  is  nothing  else  than  to 
use  the  best  sentiments  and 
choicest  words. 

To  put  a  stop  to  the  corre- 
spondence of  absent  friends,  what 
is  it  but  to  take  from  life  the 
social  intercourse  of  life  ? 

R.  1.  Deny,  if  you  will,  that 
(you)  have  received  money. 

Publius  Decius  said  it  seemed 
to  him  in  (his)  sleep,  that  while 
he  was  engaged  with  the  enemy, 
(he)  fell  with  very  great  glory. 


Non  rcfero  beneficium 
gratia"  et  sum  turpis,  et 
apud  omnis  habeo :  pa- 
rens  suus  non  amo  impius 
sum. 

Rarus  sum  casus,  eti- 
amsi  gravis,  naufragiurn 
facio,  vehiciilum  everto : 
ab  homo  homo6  pericu- 
lum  quotidianus. 

Turpis  sum  alius  lo- 
quor,  alius  sentio ;  quan- 
tus  turpis  alius  scribo, 
alius  sentio  ! 

Nihil  sum  alius  pul- 
chre  et  oratorie  dico,  nisi 
bonus  sententia  verbum- 
que  lectus  dico. 

Q,uis  sum  alius  tollo  e 
vita  vita  societas,  quarn 
tollo  amicus  colloquium 
absens 1 

Nego  sane,  si  volo,  pe- 
cunia  accipio*. 

P.  Decius  dico,  sui  in 
somnus0  video,  cum  in 
medius  hostis  versor,  oc- 
cido  cum  magnus  gloria. 


•pi.      *§226.       «  See  also  §  239,  R.  2. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

To  flee  when  our  country  is  invaded0  is  base.     To  restrain* 
our  tongue  is  not  the  least  virtue.     It  is  pleasantc  to  see  the 
sun.     Alas !   how  difficult  it  is  not  to  betray  crime  in  the 
21 


242 


INFINITIVE    MOOD    AS    A    SUBJECT. 


§269. 


countenance* !  To  excel  in  knowledge  is  honorable';  but 
to  be  ignorant  is  base.  It  is  one7  (thing)  to  speak  in  Latin*, 
(but)  another  to  speak  grammatically.  To  dieh  bravely  is 
more  honorable*  than  to  live  basely.  It  is  easy  to  oppress  an 
innocent  (man.) 


a  oppugno. 
*  Latlne.     h  emonor. 


6  compesco.     c  jucundus. 
*  nobilis. 


*  §247.     •pulcher.    /  alius. 


R.  2.  Within  about  twelve 
years,  more  than  twelve  Metelli 
were  consuls  or  censors,  or  tri- 
umphed; so  that  it  appears  that 
the  fortune  of  families  now  flour- 
ishes, now  declines,  now  perishes, 
like  that  of  cities  and  empires. 


It  is  agreed  among  all  that 
liberty  is  not  due  to  Modestus, 
because  it  has  not  been  given. 

There  is  reason  to  believe  that 
the  world  and  all  things  which  it 
contains  have  been  created  for 
the  sake  of  man. 

R.  3.  Theophrastus  robbed 
virtue  of  its  ornament,  because 
he  denied  that  to  live  happily  de- 
pended upon  it. 


Intra  duodecim  ferme 
annus,  consul  sum  Metel- 
lus,  aut  censor  aut  trium- 
pho  amplius  duodecim ; 
ut  apparel  quemadmodum 
urbs  imperiumque,  ita 
gens  fortuna  nunc  floreo, 
nunc  senesco,  nunc  in- 
tereo. 

Convenit  inter  omnis 
non  libertas  Modestus 
debeo,  quia  non  do*. 

Credibilis  sum  homo 
causa  facio  mundus  qui- 
que  in  is  sum  omnis. 

Theophrastus  spolio 
virtus  suus  decus,  quod 
nego,  in  is  pono  beate 
vivo. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

It  is  true  that  friendship  can  not  exist  except  between 
the  good.  If  it  is  not6  understood  how  great  the  force  of 
friendship  and  harmony  isc,  it  may  be  learned1  from  dissen- 
sion* and  discord':  for  what  family  (is)  so  firm7  that  it 
cannot  ber  utterly^  overthrown*  by  animosities-^  and  quar- 
rels* 1  It  is  just l  that  the  victor  should  spare  the  vanquished. 
It  is  evidentm  that  laws  were  invented  for"  the  safety  of 
the  citizens.  It  is  necessary0  that  a  law  should  be  brief, 
that  it  may  the  more  easily  be  rememberedp  by  the 
ignorant'. 


§  270. 


INFINITIVE    MOOD    AS    AN    OBJECT. 


243 


a  §  266,  3.  »  if  it  is  not,  si  mintis.  c  §  265.  *  percipio.  •  pi. 
f  stabilis.  g  §  264.  h  fundltus.  *  everto.  J  odium.  *  dissidium. 
1  sequum.  m  constat.  n  ad.  °  oportet.  p  teneo.  ?  imperltus. 


INFINITIVE    MOOD  AS  AN   OBJECT 

<§>  270.     The  infinitive,  either  with  or  without  a  sub- 
ject-accusative, may  depend  upon  a  verb. 


Habit  teaches  to  endure  labor. 

Epaminondas  was  taught  by 
Dionysius  to  sing  to  the  sound 
of  stringed  instruments. 

The  Gauls  learned  from  the 
Greeks  to  surround  cities  with 
walls. 

The  good  through  love  of  vir- 
tue hate  to  do  wrong. 

R.  1.  The  city  was  afflicted, 
being  unaccustomed  to  be  van- 
quished. 

Agricola  was  accustomed  to 
obey,  and  taught  to  consult  util- 
ity as  well  as  glory. 

Each  prince  possessed  the 
highest  excellence  ;  one  was  wor- 
thy to  be  elected,  the  other  to  elect. 

R.  2.  That,  in  the  first  place, 
I  should  not  have  been  with  Pom- 
pey,  and  in  the  second  place, 
with  the  best  (citizens?) 

That  you,  Attius,  should  say 
this,  (who  are)  possessed  of  so 
much  wisdom  1 

Wretch  that  I  am !  that  you 
should  have  incurred  such  mis- 
fortunes on  my  account ! 

The  name  of  one  of  the  con- 
suls, though  nothing  else  dis- 
pleased them,  was  offensive  to 


Fero  labor  consuetude 
doceo. 

Epaminondas  canto  ad 
chorda  sonus  doceo  a 
Dionysius. 

A  Graecus  Gallus  urbs 
moenia  cingo  disco. 

Odi  pecco  bonus  virtus 
amor. 

Mcestus  civitas  sum, 
vinco  insuetus. 

Agricola  sum  perltus 
obsequor,  eruditusque  u- 
tilis  honestus  misceo. 

Uterque  princeps  bo- 
nus sum ;  dignusque  alter 
eligo,  alter  eKgo. 

Ego  non  primum  cum 
Pompeius,  deinde  cum 
bonus  sum  ? 

Tune  hie,  Attius,  dico, 
tails  prudentia  pra?di- 
tus? 

Ego  miser  !  tu  in  tan- 
tus  aerumna  propter  ego 
incido  ! 

Consul  "  alter,  quum 
nihil  alius  offendo,  no- 
men  invisus  civitas  sum. 


244 


INFINITIVE    WITHOUT    A    SUBJECT. 


§271, 


the  state.  That  the  Tarquins 
had  been  too  long  used  to  domi- 
nation ;  that  it  had  begun  with 
Priscus ;  that  after  that  Servius 
Tullius  had  reigned;  that  the 
Tarquins  did  not  know  how  to 
live  as  private  citizens. 

R.  3.  The  people  commanded 
Tullus  Hostilius  (to  be  made) 
king. 


Nimium  Tarquinius  reg- 
num  assuesco ;  initium  a 
Priscus  facio ;  rcgno  de- 
inde  Servius  Tullius ; 
ncscio  Tarquinius  pri- 
vatus  vivo. 

Tullus  Hostilius  popu- 
lus  rex  jubeo. 


INFINITIVE   WITHOUT  A  SUBJECT. 

<§>  271.  The  infinitive  without  a  subject  is  only 
used  after  certain  verbs,  especially  such  as  denote  de- 
sire, ability,  intention,  or  endeavor. 


Caesar  makes  haste  to  depart 
from  the  city. 

Pelopidas  did  not  hesitate  to 
engage  as  soon  as  he  saw  the 
enemy. 

The  full  moon  used  to  produce 
the  greatest  tides  in  the  ocean. 

You  are  said  to  be  the  real 
father  of  your  country. 

Demosthenes  is  said  to  have 
carefully  perused  Plato. 

The  plays  of  Terence  were 
thought,  on  account  of  the  ele- 
gance of  (their)  diction,  to  be 
written  by  C.  Lselius. 

The  bridge  over  the  Iberus  was 
reported  to  have  been  nearly  fin- 
ished. 

The  Hyperboreans  are  said  to 
be  beyond  the  Amazons. 

Pythagoras  is  ascertained  to 
have  come  to  Sybaris  and  Cro- 


Csesar  maturo  ab  urbs 
projiciscor. 

Pelopidas  non  dubito, 
simul  ac  conspicio  hostis 
confilgo. 

Luna  plenus  aestus 
magnus  in  oceanus  efficio 
consuesco. 

Verus  patria  dico  sum 
pater. 

Lectito  Plato  studiose 
Demosthenes  dico. 

Terentius  fabella  prop- 
ter  elegantia  sermo  puto 
a  C.  Lselius  scribo. 

Pons  in  Iberus  prope 
efficio  nuntio. 

Ultra  Amazon  Hyper- 
boreus  sum  memoro. 

Regnans  Lucius  Tar 
quinius  Superbus  Sybaris 


§271. 


INFINITIVE    WITHOUT    A    SUBJECT. 


245 


tone  in  the  reign  of  Lucius  Tar- 
quinius  Superbus. 

Let  not  the  wicked  presume  to 
appease  the  gods  by  gifts. 

Cities  could  neither  have  been 
built  nor  inhabited  without  the 
assembly  of  men. 

I  desire  to  know  what  you 
think  of  these  things. 

R.  2.  Miltiades,  having  been 
long  engaged  in  commands  and 
magistracies,  appeared  unable  to 
be  a  private  (citizen,)  especially 
as  he  seemed  to  be  drawn  by 
habit  to  the  desire  of  command. 

Silius  Italicus  was  lately  re- 
ported to  have  put  an  end  to  (his) 
life,  on  his  Neapolitan  (estate,) 
by  abstinence  from  food. 

R.  3.  I  wish  to  be  a  judge,  not 
a  teacher. 

Timoleon  chose  rather  to  be 
loved  than  feared. 


et  Croton  Pythagoras  ve- 
nio  reperio. 

Donum  impius  ne  pla- 
co  audeo  deus. 

Urbs  sine  homo  ccetus 
non  possum  nee  adifico 
necfrequento. 

Q,uis  de  is  cogito,  scio 
volo. 

Miltiades,  multum  in 
imperium  magistratusque 
versatus,  non  videor  pos- 
sum sum  privatus,  prae- 
sertim  quum  consuetudo 
ad  imperium  cupiditas 
traho  videor. 

Modo  nuntio  Silius 
Italicus  in  Neapolitanus 
suus  inedia  vita  Jinio. 

Judex  ego  sum,  non 
doctor  volo. 

Timoleon  malo  sui  dil- 
igo  quam  metuo. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

I  wish  both  to  be  and  to  be  considered11  grateful.  ^Elius 
wished  to  be  a  Stoic,  but  he  neither  was  nor  aimedb  to  be  an 
orator.  Clodius  desires' .  to  be  made  tribune  of  the  people. 
1  had  rather  be  in  health^  than  to  be  rich.  I  begin  to  be 
troublesome  to  you.  It  was  reported*  to  Afranius,  that 
large  companies7,  who  were  on  their  way?  to  Csesar,  had 
halted  at  the  river.  The  Bructeri  formerly  came*  next  to 
the  Tencteri ;  now  it  is  said  that  the  Chamavi  and  the  An- 
grivarii  have  entered  in*.  It  is  related* ,  that  the  Venus,  who 
is  called  Astarte,  m.arried  Adonis.  Our  (friend)  Calvus 
wished  to  be  calledk  an  Attic  orator. 


0  habeo.        6  studeo.       c  cupio.       d  to  be  in  health,  valeo.       *  nun 
tio.       /  comitatus.       e  to  be  on  the  way,  iter  habeo.       *  occurro,  imp 


4  to  enter  in,  imigro. 

21* 


,  . 

prodo.       k  R.  3,  2d  paragraph. 


246 


INFINITIVE    WITH    THE   ACCUSATIVE. 


§2712 


INFINITIVE  WITH  TPIE  ACCUSATIVE. 

§  272.  The  infinitive  with  the  accusative  depends 
on  verbs  and  phrases,  which  denote  either  the  exercise 
of  the  senses  or  intellectual  powers,  or  the  communica- 
tion of  thought  to  others. 


Thou  knowest  that  I  love 
truth. 

Do  not  forget  that  thou  art 
Caesar. 

Poets  feign  that  Briareus  had  a 
hundred  arms  and  fifty  heads. 

Publius  Scipio  used  to  say, 
that  he  was  never  less  idle  than 
when  idle,  nor  less  alone  than 
when  he  was  alone. 


Alexander  ordered  the  tomb 
of  Cyrus  to  be  opened. 

They  say  that  Socrates  replied 
to  some  one  who  complained 
that  his  foreign  travels  had  done 
him  no  good,  "Not  without  rea- 
son has  this  happened  to  you, 
for  you  travelled  with  yourself." 

They  say  that  there  was  a  cer- 
tain Myndarides  of  the  city  of 
the  Sybaritae,  who,  having  seen 
(a  man)  digging  and  lifting  his 
spade  rather  high,  complained 
that  he  was  made  weary,  and  for- 
bade him  to  do  that  work  in  his 
presence. 


Scio  ego  amo  verum. 

Nolo  obliviscor  tu  sum 
Caesar. 

Poeta  Jingo  Briareus 
habeo  centum  brachium 
et  quinquaginta  caput. 

Publius  Scipio  dico 
soleo,  nunquam  sui  mi- 
nus otiosus  sum  quam 
cum  otiosus,  nee  minus 
solus  quam  cum  solus 
sum. 

Sepulcrum  Cyrus  ape- 
rio  Alexander  jubeo. 

Socrates  querens  qui- 
dam,  quod  nihil  sui  per- 
egrinatio  prosum  re- 
spondeo  fcro,  "  Non 
immerlto  hoc  tu  evenio, 
tucum  enim  peregrlnor." 

Myndarides  aio  sum, 
ex  Sybaritae  civitas,  qui 
quum  video  fodiens,  et 
alte  rastrum  allevans,  las- 
sus  sui  facio  questus,  ve- 
to is  ille  opus  in  con- 
spectus suus  facio. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Hesiod  says"  that  no6  planter0  of  an  olive  has  ever  en- 
joyed* the  fruit  from  it ;  so  slow  a  business  was  it  then,  but 


273.       INFINITIVE    AND    SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER   THAT.         247 


now  they  are  planted*  in  nursery-beds  ',  and,  after  trans* 
planting*,  their  berries  are  gathered  in  the  second'1  year. 
Suppose1  that  some  one  is  now  becoming  a  philosopher  j,  (but) 
as  yet  is  not*  (one,)  what  system*  shall  he  choose  in  prefer- 
ence to  all  others"1  1 


*  nego. 


-  nego.  6  quisquam.  c  sator.  d  percipio.  '  sero.  /  a  nursery- 
ied,plantarium.  *  lit.  the  berries  of  the  transplanted  (olives.)  h  §  120, 
1.  '  fingo.  ./sapiens.  *  not  as  yet ,  nondum.  l  discipllna.  m  in 
preference  to  all  others,  potissimum. 


INFINITIVE  AND  SUBJUNCTIVE   AFTER    THAT. 

<§>  273.  When  the  particle  that,  in  English,  intro- 
duces a  clause  denoting  a  purpose,  object,  or  result,  it  is 
a  sign  of  the  subjunctive  in  Latin,  and  is  to  be  ex- 
pressed by  ut,  (fee. ;  but  otherwise  it  is  usually  the  sign 
of  the  infinitive  with  the  accusative. 


1.  If  virtue  can  produce  this 
effect,  that  one  be  not  miserable, 
it  will  more  easily  cause  that  he 
be  most  happy  ;  for  there  is  less 
difference  between  a  happy  and  a 
very  happy  (man,)  than  between 
a  happy  and  a  miserable  (man.) 

The  sun  causes  every  thing  to 
flourish,  and  grow  to  maturity,  in 
its  respective  kind. 

Chrysippus  has  neatly  said,  as 
(he  has  said)  many  things,  that 
he  who  runs  in  a  stadium  ought 
to  strive  and  contend,  as  much  as 
he  can,  to  conquer,  but  ought 
by  no  means  to  trip  up  him  with 
whom  he  is  contending. 

Every  virtue  attracts  us  to  it- 
self, and  makes  us  love  those  in 
whom  it  appears  to  be  found. 


Si  possum  virtus  efficio, 
ne  miser  aliquis  sum,  fa- 
cile efficio  ut  beatus  sum ; 
parvus  enim  intervallum* 
sum  a  beatus  ad  beatus, 
quam  a  miser  ad  beatus. 

Sol  efficio  ut  omnis  j#o- 
reo,  et  in  suus  quisque 
genus  pubcsco. 

Scite  Chrysippus,  ut 
multus,  "  Q,ui  stadium 
curro,"  inquam,  "  enltor 
et  contendo  debeo  quam 
maxime  possum  ut  vinco, 
supplanto  is  quicum  cer- 
to  nullus  modus  debeo." 

Onmis  virtus  ego  ad 
sni  allicio,  jfa«Mque,  ut  is 
dili ffo,  in  qui  ipse  insum 
videor6. 


«  §  212.      *  §  260, 1. 


248  INFINITIVE    AND    SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER   THAT.      §  273. 

English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Scarcely  ever0  can  a  parent  prevail  on  himself b  to  conquer9 
nature,  so  asd  to  banish"  love  towards  his  children  from 
(his)  mind.  I  arrived  at  Rome  on  the  fifth  day7  before  the 
Ides  of  December^,  and  made  it  my  Jirst  business11  to  have 
an  interview  with  Pansaf,  from  whom  I  heard  such-'  (news) 
of  you  asfc  I  was  most  desirous1  (to  hear.)  If  you  sail"*  im- 
mediately, you  will  overtake"  me0  at  Leucas ;  but,  if  you 
wish  to  recruitp  yourself,  take  particular  careq  that  you  have 
a  proper*"  ship. 

a  nunquam  fere.  b  to  prevail  on  one's  self,  indaco  animum.  e  vin- 
co.  d  so  as,  ut.  '  ejicio.  /  §  326,  7.  *  adj.  h  and  made  it  my 
first  business,  nee  habui  quidquam  antiquius  quam.  *  to  have  an  inter- 
view with  Pansa,  ut  Pansam  conveniara.  1  is.  *  relative.  l  to  be 
most  desirous,  maxime  opto.  m  navlgo.  "  consequor.  °  pi.  ?  con- 
firmo.  q  take  particular  care,  diligenter  videbis.  r  idoneus. 


2.  It  is  the  impulse  of  nature,         Natura  impello,  ut  ho- 

that  human  society  should  study  mo  ccetus  studeoparo  is, 

to  procure  those   things,    which  qui  suppedito  et  ad  cultus 

suffice  for  refinement  and  for  sup-  et  ad  victus. 
port. 

If  we  are  not  induced  to  be         Si  non  ipse  honestum 

honest  men  by  the  beauty  of  vir-  movco,  ut  bonus  vir  sum, 

tue  itself,  but  by  some  benefit  and  sed    utilltas    aliquis     ac 

profit,   we    are    not  honest,    but  fructus,  calidus  sum,  non 

cunning.  bonus. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

We  have  not  ceased*  to  admonish  Pompey  to  avoidb  this 
great  disgrace',  but  he  has  left  room  neither  for  our  prayers 
nor  admonitions.  I  have  very  lately^  written  a  book  on  the 
best  style"  of  oratory7,  which  I  will  tell  your  (servants)  to 
copy'  and  send  you.  When  the  Athenians  had  sent  to  Del- 
phi to  consult*  what*  they  should  do  respecting  their  affairs, 
the  Pythia  answered  that  they  should  fortify  themselves 
with  wooden  walls.  Caesar  had  strictly-'  chargedk  Treboni- 
us  not  to  suffer  the  town  to  be  taken2  by  storm"1.  Caesar 


§273.       INFINITIVE    AND    SUBJUNCTIVE    AFTER   THAT.  249 

charges  Volusenus,  when  he  had  explored"  every  thing,  to 
return  to  him  as  soon  as  possible0.  J  will  give,  as  a  Jirst 
precept?  to  him  whom  I  am  instructing7,  carefully7"  and  thor- 
oughly to  make  himself  acquainted"  with  whatever  causes  he 
is  going  to  plead'.  Piso  dared  to  make  proclamation"  that 
the  senate  should  resume"  their  (ordinary)  dress.  A  pesti- 
lence attacking"  the  city,  compelled  the  senate  to  command31 
the  decemvirs  to  inspect  the  Sibylline  books.  The  dictator 
commanded  the  tribunes  of  the  soldiers  that  they  should  or- 
dery  the  baggage  to  be  collected  into  one  (heap.) 

0  desisto.      b  fugio.      c  infamia.      d  very  lately,  proximo.      *  genus. 
f  dico,  ger.       B  describe.       h  §  276,  II.        *  quisnam.      i  magnopere. 
fc  mando.      '  expugno.      m  vis.      n  §  257,  R.  5.      °  as  soon  as  possi- 
ble, quim  primum.      p  I  iciJl  give  as  a  first  precept,  hoc  primum  prae- 
cipiam.     8  instituo.      r  diligenter.       '  to  make  one's  self  acquainted, 
cognosco.      '  ago.      u  edlco.      *  redeo   ad.       v  adortus.       *  impgro. 
y  jubeo. 

4.   Those  who  gave  to  Greece  Ille  qui  Grsecia  forma 

the  forms  of  her  republics,  wished  respublica  do,  corpus  ju- 

the  bodies   of  her  youths  to   be  venis^rwzo  labor  volo. 
strengthened  by  toil. 

When  I  have  praised  some  one  Q,uum  aliquis  apud  tu 

of  your   friends   to  you,    I  shall  laudo  tuus  familiaris,  vo~ 

wish  him  to  know  from  you  that  I  lo   ille  scio  ex  tu  ego  is 

have  done  it.  facio. 

1  wish  you  would  answer  me,  Volo  uti   ego  respon- 
whether  any,  except  you,  of  the  deo,   numquis    ex    totus 
whole  college,   dared  to  propose  collegium  lex  audeo  fero 
the  law.  prseter  unus  tu. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

I  will  never  wish"  from  the  gods,  O  Romans,  for  the  sake6 
of  lessening0  my  own  odiumd,  that  you  should  hear'  that  L. 
Catiline  is  leading  an  army  of  enemies ;  but  (yet)  you  will 
hear  (it)  in  three  days.  Caligula  wishedf  that  the  Roman 
people  had'  (but)  one  neck.  Nature  does  not  allow  that  we 
should  increase*  our  own  means'1  by  the  spoils  of  others. 
Augustus  did  not  allow  himself  to  be  called1  sovereign  even' 
by  his  children  or  grandchildren. 


250 


PARTICIPLES. 


§274. 


tt  opto.      6  causa.      c  levo.      *  invidia.      '  sulj.      f  imp.     e  augeo. 
*  facultas.      «  inf.      1  §  279,  3. 


5.  I  am  sorry  that  you  are  dis-  Dolet  ego,  quod  stom- 
pleased.  achor". 

I   rejoice  that  my  conduct  is  Meus  factumpro&o6  abs 

approved  by  you.  tu,  gaudeo. 

6,  N.   Between  giving  and  re-  Multus  intersum  inter 
ceiving  there  is  a  great  difference,  do  et  accipio. 

With  what  fault  do  you  charge  Qui  crimen  dico,  prce- 

(me,)  except  that  (I)  love?  ter  amot  meus? 


ind. 


inf. 


PARTICIPLES. 

§  274.     Participles  are  followed  by  the  same  cases 
as  their  verbs. 


1.  Cicero,  being  informed  of 
every  (particular)  by  the  ambas- 
sadors, gives  command  to  the 
pretors. 

The  Latin  legions,  having 
been  taught,  by  their  long  alli- 
ance, the  Roman  mode  of  war- 
fare, held  out  for  some  time. 

While  reading  my  (writings) 
exercise  your  own  judgment. 

Mummius  was  an  impressive 
speaker,  but  inclined  to  avoid  not 
only  the  labor  of  speaking,  but 
even  of  thinking. 

Law  is  right  reason,  command- 
ing what  is  right,  and  prohibiting 
the  contrary. 

Having  burnt  the  temple  of 
Jupiter,  Greatest  and  Best,  Vitel- 
lius,  repenting  of  the  deed,  laid 
the  blame  upon  others. 


Cicero,  per  legatus 
cunctus"  edoctusj  praetor 
impero. 

Aliquamdiu  Latmus  le- 
gio,  longa  societas  militia 
Romanus  edoctus,  resto6. 

Nosier*  legens  utor 
tuus  judicium. 

Mummius  sum  argutus 
orator,  sed  fugiens  non 
modo  dicoc,  verum  etiam 
cogitoc  labor. 

Lex  sum  rectus  ratio, 
imperans  honestus*,  pro- 
hibens  contrarius". 

Succensus  templum 
Jupiter,  Bonus  Magnus, 
Vitellius,  poemtens  fac- 
tum,  in  alius  culpa  con- 
fero 


§274. 


PARTICIPLES. 


251 


How  wretched  is  the  bondage 
of  virtue  in  slavery  to  pleasure! 

Of  animals  some  are  destitute 
of  reason,  others  possess  it. 

Alexander,  being  about  to  ap- 
proach the  confines  of  Persia, 
committed  the  city  of  Susa  to 
Archelaus. 

Vercingetorix,  being  accused 
of  treachery,  replied  to  all  the 
accusations. 

We  ought  to  cherish  not  the 
body  only,  but  also  much  more 
the  mind  and  soul. 

We  shall  need  to  make  use  of 
Greek  terms. 

Eudoxus  is  of  opinion  that  the 
Chaldees  are  by  no  means  deserv- 
ing of  credit. 

No  wise  man  ever  supposed 
that  we  ought  to  trust  a  traitor. 

Every  one  must  make  use  of 
his  own  judgment. 

The  property  of  many  Roman 
citizens  is  at  stake,  for  whom  you 
are  bound  to  consult. 

Let  these  leaders  at  length  con- 
fess, that  both  themselves  and 
others  must  yield  obedience  to 
the  authority  of  the  whole  Roman 
people. 

2.  I  saw  Cato  sitting  in  the 
library  surrounded  with  many 
books  of  the  Stoics. 

Tiresias,  whom  the  poets 
represent  as  a  wise  (man,)  they 
never  introduce  lamenting  his 
blindness. 

Vitellius  advised  the  senate  to 
send  ambassadors  to  Flavius  Sa- 


Quam  miser  sum  vir- 
tus famulatus  serviens  vo- 
luptas  ! 

Animal  alius  ratio  ex- 
pers  sum,  alius  ratio 
utens. 

Alexander,  Persis^m's 
aditurus,  Susaa  urbs 
Archelaus  trado. 

Vercingetorix,  proditio 
insimuldtus ,  ad  omnis  cri- 
men  respondeo. 

Non  corpus  solum  sub- 
venio,  sed  mcns  atque  ani- 
mus multus  magis. 

Graecus  utor  vocabu- 
lum. 

Eudoxus  sic  opmor, 
Chald&us  minime  credo. 

Nemo  unquam  sapiens 
proditor  credo  puto. 

Suus  quisque  judicium 
utor. 

Ago  bonum  multus  ci- 
vis,  qui  a  tu  consulo. 

Aliquando  iste  prin- 
ceps,  et  sui  et  ceterus, 
popiilus  Romanus  uni- 
versus  auctoritas  pareo 
fateor. 

Cato  video  in  biblio- 
theca  sedens,  multus  cir- 
cumfusus  StoTcus  liber. 

Tiresias,  qui  sapiens 
fingo  poeta,  nunquam 
induco  depldram  caecitas 
suus. 

Vitellius  suadeo  sena- 
tus,  ut  ad  Flavius  Sa- 


252 


PARTICIPLES. 


§274. 


binus  to  sue  for  peace,  or  at  least 
for  time  to  deliberate. 

Alexander  (when)  dying  had 
given  his  ring  to  Perdiccas. 

R.  4.  Hold  this  as  certain,  that 
nothing  could  have  come  into  be- 
ing without  a  cause. 

The  Sicilians  have  recourse  to 
my  aid,  which  they  have  long 
proved  and  known. 

The  Romans  have  large  sums 
of  money  invested  in  Asia. 

I  wish  you  to  be  relieved  from 
domestic  care. 

The  war  being  ended,  it  was 
ordered  that  the  legions  should 
be  discharged. 

I  will  find  him  out  and  bring 
him  to  you. 

I  will  do  this  for  you. 

R.  5.  Nothing  was  so  per- 
nicious to  the  Lacedaemonians 
as  the  abolition  of  the  discipline 
of  Lycurgus,  to  which  they  had 
been  accustomed  for  seven  hun- 
dred years. 

Cfcuinctius  Flamininus  came 
as  ambassador  to  king  Prusias, 
whom  both  the  reception  of  Han- 
nibal, and  the  stirring  up  of  a  war 
against  Eumenes,  had  rendered 
suspected  by  the  Roman  people. 

Aratus  of  Sicyon  came  to  the 
Ptolemy  who  was  then  upon  the 
throne,  the  second  (king)  after 
the  foundation  of  Alexandria,  and 
asked  for  money  that  he  might 
free  his  country 


binus  legatus  mitto,  pax, 
aut  certe  tempus  ad  con- 
sulto  petiturus. 

Alexander  moriens  an- 
niilus  suus  do  Perdiccas. 

Ille  explordtus  habeo, 
nihil  fio  possum  sine 
causa. 

Siculus  ad  meus  fides, 
qui  habeo  spectdtus  jam 
et  diu  cogmtus,  confugio. 

Romanus  in  Asia  pe- 
cunra  magnus  collocdtus 
habeo. 

Domesticus  cura  tu 
levdtus  volo. 

Legio,  bellum  confec- 
tus,  missus  Jio  placet1*. 

Inventus  tu  euro  et 
adductus. 

Hie  ego  tu  effectus 
reddo. 

Lacedaemonius  nullus 
res  tantus  sum  damnurn', 
quam  disciplma  Lycur- 
gus, qui  per  septingenti 
annus  adsuesco,  subldtus. 

Ad  Prusias  rex  legatus 
Quinctius  Flamininus  ve- 
nio,  qui  suspectus  Roma- 
nus et  receptus  Hannibal, 
et  bellum  adversus  Eume- 
nes motus,  reddo. 

Aratus  Sicyonius  ad 
Ptolemseus  venio,  qui 
turn  regno,  alter  post 
Alexandria  conditus,  pe- 
toque  pecunia  ut  patria 
libero. 


B  neut.  pi. 


275,  III.  R.  1.      *  pres.      •  §  227. 


274.  PARTICIPLES.  253 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

There  was  greater  sorrow  from  the  loss*  of  the  citizens, 
than  joy  in  the  expulsion*  of  the  enemy.  Conon  derived6 
more  sorrow^  from  the  burning  and  plundering*  of  his  na- 
tive place7  by  the  Lacedaemonians,  than  joy*  from  (its) 
recovery'*.  Regal  power  was  exercised1  at  Rome,  from  the 
building  of  the  city  to  (its)  emancipation^  two  hundred  and 
forty-four  years.  The  decemvirs  were  ordered  to  inspect  the 
Sibylline  books,  on  account  of  men's  (minds)  being  terrijiedk 
with  new  prodigies.  About  eighty  years'  after  the  capture"1 
of  Troy,  the  family"  of  Pelops,  which  during  this  whole 
time0  had  possessed  p  the  command7  of  the  Peloponnesus,  is 
expelled  by  the  Heraclidae. 

*  amissus.  b  fusus.  ccapio.  d  tristitia,  §212.  '  dirutus.  f  native 
place,  patria.  e  Isetitia.  h  recuperatus.  *  rearal  power  was  exercised, 
regnatum  est.  J  liberatus.  k  territus.  l  lit.  about  the  eightieth  year. 
m  captus.  "  progenies.  °  abl.  §  236.  p  obtineo.  9  imperium. 


R.  6.  Alexander  restrained  his         Alexander  miles  a  pop- 
soldiers  from    the  devastation  of  ulatio  Asia  prohibeo,  non 
Asia,    alleging  that   those  things  perdendus  is  sum  prrefa- 
ought  not  to  be  destroyed,  which  tus,  qui  possideo  venioa. 
they  came  to  possess. 

The  king  sent  Hephoestion  into        Rex     Hephaestion    in 

the  region  of  Bactriana  to  provide  regio    Bactriana6    mitto, 

supplies  for  the  winter.  commeatus  in  hiemspo- 

ro. 

0  §  266,  3.        *  §  204. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

He  is  a  fool,  who,  when  he  is  going  to  buy*  a  horse,  does 
not  examine6  (the  animal)  itself,  but  its  housing6  and  bridle*. 
Arsanes  ravages  Cilicia  with  fire  and  sworde,  that  he  may 
make  a  desert  for  the  enemy ;  he  spoils'  whatever^  can  be 
of  use*  (to  the  enemy,)  intending  to  leave  the  soil,  which  he 
could  not*  defend,  barren  and  naked.  Catiline,  intending  to 
22 


254 


PARTICIPLES. 


§274. 


attach  the  city,  departs  to  the  army  prepared  by  Manlius  in 
Etruria.  The  consul  Brutus  so  reduced  the  power*  of  the 
Vestlni  by  a  single  battle,  that  they  dispersed*  into  (their) 
towns,  for  the  purpose  of  defending  themselves  by  (their) 
walls. 


a  when  he  is  going  to  buy,  emturus. 
I    &  92.  5.        '  ferrum.        /  corrumt 


inspicio.      c  stratum.      d  mas. 

pi.  §  92,  5.  r  ferrum.  "  /  corrumpo.  e  quisquis.  h  §  227,  R.  2. 
*  nequeo.  i  to  attack,  signa  infero.  *  to  reduce  the  power,  accldo  res. 
'  dilabor. 


R.  7.  In  the  Sabine  war,  L. 
Tarquinius  vowed  the  erection  of 
a  temple,  in  the  Capitol,  to  Jupi- 
ter, Greatest  and  Best. 

I  am  not  displeased  that  my 
letter  has  been  circulated ;  nay, 
I  have  even  given  it  myself  to 
many  persons  to  copy. 

Mummius  was  so  ignorant,  that, 
after  the  capture  of  Corinth,  when 
he  had  contracted  for  transporting 
into  Italy  pictures  and  statues 
formed  by  the  hands  of  the  most 
eminent  artists,  he  ordered  notice 
to  be  given  to  the  contractors, 
that  if  they  lost  them,  they  should 
give  new  ones  instead. 

In  order  that  the  city  might  be 
more  easily  approached,  Augus- 
tus distributed,  to  men  who  had 
obtained  triumphs,  the  (charge 
of)  paving  the  roads  out  of  the 
money  of  the  spoils. 


JEdis  in  Capitolitim 
Jupiter  Bonus  Magnus, 
bellum  Sablnus  facio 
voveo  Tarquinius. 

Epistola  meus  pervulgo 
non  moleste  fero;  quin 
etiam  ipse  multus  do  de- 
scribo. 

Mummius  tarn  rudis 
sum,  ut  captus  Corinthus, 
quum  magnus  artifex  per- 
fectus  manus  tabula  ac 
statua  in  Italia  porto  loco, 
jubeo  prasdico  conducens, 
si  is  perdo  novus  reddo. 


Quo  facile  urbs  adeo, 
Augustus  triumphalis  vir 
ex  manubialis  pecunia 
via  stcrno  distribuo. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  Athenians  transported"  every  (thing)  which  could 
be  moved,  partly  to  Trrezen6,  partly  to  Salamis5,  and  com- 
mitted the  citadel  and  the  performance0  of  the  sacred  rites 
to  a  few  elderly  persons^.  P.  Cornelius  is  ordered  to  go  to 
Ostia  with  all  the  matrons,  to  meet*  the  (Idsean)  goddess ', 


§274. 


PARTICIPLES. 


255 


and  (when)  brought*"  to  land,  to  deliver  her  over*,  for  con- 
veyance1 to  the  matrons.  I  wrote  this  letter  before  day- 
break^, by  a  wooden*  lamp-stand*,  which  pleased  me 
greatly"1,  because  they  said  that  you  had  got"  it  made  when 
you  were  at  Samos.  A  division  of  offices0  having  been 
made  after  the  victory,  Antony  undertook7"  the  regulation* 
of  the  East ;  Octavianus,  the  bringing  back  the  veterans  to 
Italy,  and  the  settling"  them  upon  the  municipal  lands. 

a  asporto.  b  §  80,  I.  c  procure.  d  an  elderly  person,  major 
natu.  '  obviam.  /  §  228,  1.  8  elatus.  K  to  deliver  over,  trado. 
1  fero.  J  lux.  k  ligneolus.  l  lychnuchus.  m  pleased  me  greatly, 
mihi  erat  perjucundus.  n  euro.  °  lit.  offices  having  been  divided. 
f  recipio.  q  ordlno.  r  colloco. 


PRESENT. 

R.  8.  Law  is  a  supreme  rule, 
implanted  in  our  nature,  which 
commands  those  things  which 
ought  to  be  done,  and  forbids  the 
opposite. 

Every  state  must  be  ruled  by 
some  counsel,  in  order  that  it 
may  be  permanent ;  and  that 
counsel  must  either  be  allotted  to 
one,  or  to  certain  select  persons, 
or  must  be  undertaken  by  the 
multitude  and  by  all. 

Many  writers,  speaking  of 
Trojan  affairs,  call  the  country 
of  the  Myrmidons  Thessaly  ;  the 
tragic  writers  do  it  most  frequent- 
ly, but  it  should  by  no  means  be 
allowed  them. 


Lex  sum  ratio  superus, 
insitus  in  natura,  qui 
jubeo  is  qui  facio,  pro- 
hibeOque  contrarius. 

Omnis  respublica  con- 
silium  quidam  rego,  ut 
diuturnus  sum  ;  is  autem 
consilium  aut  unus  trib- 
uo  aut  delectus  quidam, 
aut  suscipio  multitude 
atque  omnis. 

Multus  scriptor,  de  Ili- 
acus  dicens,  Myrmidon 
regio  Thessalia  voco  ; 
tragicus  frequens  is  fa- 
cio, qui  minime  is  conce- 
do. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  same  (things)  must  be  donea  in  the  senate,  but  on  a 
smaller  scale6,  for  (we)  must  leave  many  others  an  opportu- 
oityc  of  speaking,  andd  we  must  avoid  the  suspicion  of  a 


256 


PARTICIPLES. 


§274. 


display*  of  talent.  The  beauty  of  the  world,  and  the  regu- 
larity-^ of  the  celestial  phenomena*,  compel'1  (us)  to  confess, 
that  there  is  some  superior4  and  eternal  nature,  and  that  it 
is  to  be  venerated^  and  admired  by  the  human  racefc.  The 
exploits  of  the  Romans  arc,  not  to  be  compared1  either"1  with 
(those  of)  the  Greeks,  or  of  any  other  nation.  It  does  not 
seem  to  me  that  another  topic"  should  be  sought  for  by  us* 
because  these  (men)  have  come,  but  we  should  say  some- 
thing worth  their  hearing0. 

*  ago.        b  apparatus.       c  locus.       d  etiam 
*  res.       h  cogo.       *  prreslans.        J  suspicio. 
of  men.       l  confero.       m  not  either,  neque. 
oftkeir  cars. 


*  ostentatio.  /  ordo. 
*  §  225,  III.  ;  lit.  race 
n  sermo.  °  lit.  worthy 


PAST. 

Seleucus,  Lysimachus,  Ptole- 
my, were  at  hand,  already  pow- 
erful in  resources,  with  whom 
Eumenes  had  to  fight. 

I  should  long  have  had  to  look 
out  for  a  son-in-law  to  Arulenus 
Rusticus,  if  Minucius 


had  not  been  prepared, 


Acilianus 
and,  as  it 
were,  providec 

Tiberius  abstained  from  the 
Greek  language,  and  especially 
in  the  senate ;  to  such  a  degree, 
indeed,  that  when  he  was  going 
to  mention  monopolium,  he  first 
begged  pardon  for  being  obliged 
to  use  a  foreign  word. 


Immineo  Seleucus, 
Lysimachus,  Ptolemseus, 
ops  jam  valens,  cum  qui 
Eumenes  ditnicoa. 

Diu  ego  quccrob  Aru- 
lenus RustTcus  gener,  ni- 
si paro  et  quasi  provideo 
Minucius  Acilianus. 

Sermo  Graecus  Tiberi- 
us, maximeque  in  sena- 
tus,  abstineo  ;  adeo  qui- 
dem  ut  monopolium  nom- 
inaturus  prius  venia  pos- 
tiilo,  quod  sui  verbum 
peregrinus  utorc. 


*  imp.  §  162,  15.        b  imp.   §  261,  1.       e  imp.  §  266,  3. 


"English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

How  could"  Lacedaemon  enjoyb  good  and  just  laws,  when 
any  one  who"  had  been  bornd  of  the  royal  family*  must  be 
taken f  as  king?  lte  (is)  more  miserable  to  be  consumed 
by  old  age,  than  to  resign'1  for*  (our)  own  country,  rather 
than  in  any  other  way  >,  theff  life  which,  after  allfc,  it  would 


§  274.  PARTICIPLES.  257 

be  necessary  to  resign.  Cyrus  was  a  most  wise  and  just 
king,  yet  the  government"1  was  not  particularly"  desirable", 
because^  it  was  controlled7  by  the  nod  of  a  single  (man.) 
Numa  appointed7"  many  (things)  which  were  to  be  observed, 
but  those  without  expense*. 

*  possum  ;  Lit.  how  could  it  happen  that,  fyc.  b  lit.  then  enjoy. 
c  any  one  icho,  quicumque.  d  §  266,  1.  *  genus.  f  habeo,  imp. 
§  263,  5.  e  is.  h  reddo.  f  pro.  J  rather  than  in  any  other  way, 
potissimum.  *  after  all,  tamen.  "*  respublica.  n  maxime.  °  ex- 
peto ;  lit.  to  be  desired.  p  quum.  2  rego.  r  constituo.  *  im- 
pensa. 


FUTURE. 

If  the  Gauls  attempt  to  make  Si  Gallus  bellum  facio 

war,  we  shall  have  to  recall  C.  conor,  excito  ego  ab  in- 

Marius  from  the  shades.  feri  C.  Marius. 

When  the  studies  of  the  youth  Quum  studium  juve- 

are  to  be  extended  beyond  his  nis  extra  paternus  limen 

paternal  threshold,  it  will  be  ne-  profero,  jam  circumspi- 

cessary  to  look  out  for  a  Latin  do  rhetor  Latmus,  qui 

rhetorician,  the  severity  and  puri-  schola  severitas  castitas- 

ty  of  whose  school  is  ascertained,  que  consto. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Those  who  aim0  at  the  highest  (things)  will  go  higher 
than  (those)  who,  despairing  beforehand6  of  reaching0  the 
point  they  wishd,stope  immediately-^  at°  the  lowest*  (point;) 
for  this  reason4  I  shall  be  the  more  entitledj  to  excuse,  if  1 
do  not  pass  overfc  even  trifling'  (things.)  Let  the  teacher 
not  conceal771  those  (things)  which  shall  require  correction" ; 
(let  him  be)  simple  in  teaching,  patient  of  labor,  rather 
assiduous  than  immoderate  (in  his  demands.)  When  the 
boy  shall  have  attained0  suchp  strength  in  (his)  studies  as 
to  be  able7  to  understandr  the  first  precepts  of  the  rheto- 
ricians, it  will  be  necessary  for  him  to  be  transferred"  to  the 
teachers'  of  the  art. 

*  nitor.  b  despairing  beforehand,  praesumtci  desperatione.  c  ev3- 
do.  d  the  point  they  wish,  quo  velint.  e  subsisto.  /  protTnus. 
r  circa.  h  neut.  pi.  i  for  this  reason,  quo.  i  lit.  pardon  ought  the 

22* 


258 


PARTICIPLES. 


§274. 


more  to  be  obtained  (by  me.) 
teacker  not  be  a  dissembler. 


that   he   can. 
gister. 


k  praetereo.       l  minor.       m  lit.  let  the 
emendo.      °  pervenio  ad.      F  is.      q  lit. 


r  to  understand,  mente   consequi.       *  trado.      '  ma- 


3.  No  one,  when  he  looks  at 
the  whole  earth,  will  doubt  of  the 
providence  of  God. 

The  limbs  of  Alexander,  when 
he  had  scarcely  entered  the  river, 
began  suddenly  to  shiver  and  to 
be  benumbed. 

The  king  commands  Philip  to 
read  the  epistle  of  Parmenio,  nor 
did  he  remove  his  eyes  from  his 
countenance  as  he  read  (it,)  think- 
ing that  he  might  discover  in  his 
face  itself  some  marks  of  con- 
scious guilt. 

Alexander,  though  tracing  (it) 
with  all  his  care,  could  not  ascer- 
tain to  what  country  Darius  had 
gone  ;  according  to  a  certain  cus- 
tom of  the  Persians,  who  conceal, 
with  wonderful  fidelity,  the  secrets 
of  their  king. 


Nemo,  cunctus  intuens 
terra,  de  divmus  provi- 
dentia  dubito. 

Alexander,  vix  Ingres- 
sus  flu  men,  subito  horreo 
artus  et  rigeo  coepi. 

Rex  epistola  Parmenio 
Philippus  lego  jubeo,  nee 
a  vultus  Icgens  moveo 
oculus,  ratus  sui  aliquis 
conscientia  nota  in  ipse 
os  possum  deprehendo. 

Alexander,  qui  regio 
Darius  peto  omnis  cura 
vestigans,  tamen  explore 
non  possum  ;  mos  qui- 
dam  Persa?  arcanum  rex 
mirus  celans  fides. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  litter  in  which  Tiberius  was  travelling*1  being  ob- 
structed5 by  brambles,  he  almost  beatc  to  death  the  pioneer*, 
a  centurion  of  the  first  cohorts,  when  he  was  stretched"  upon 
the  ground.  All  things  delight  us  more  when  withdrawn^, 
than  when  uninterruptedly8"  enjoyed*.  Some  serpents,  though 
born1  out  of  the  water,  betake  themselves*  to  the  water,  as 
soon  as'  they  are  able  to  make  an  effort™.  Dionysius, 
through  fearn  of  razors0,  used  to  singe  off p  his  hair  with 
a  burning9  coal. 


a  veho,  pass.  b  impedltus.  f 
tus.  /  desideratus.  e  assiduc. 
*  betake  themselves,  persequuntur 


verbero.  d  explorator  vise.  e  stra- 
h  perceptus.  *  ortus.  J  extra. 
1  as  soon  as,  simul  ac  primum. 


m  to  make  an  effort,  nitor.      "  through  fear,  metuens. 
rius.      f  to  singe  off,  adaro,  §  145, II.  1.      *  candens. 


through  fear,  metuens.      °  culler  tonso- 


§275  GERUNDS    AND    GERUNDIVES.  259 


GERUNDS   AND    GERUNDIVES. 

§  275.     Gerunds  are  followed  by  the   same   cases 
as  their  verbs. 

I  am  desirous  of  satisfying  the  Cupldus    sum   satisfa- 

state.  do  respublica. 

Absolute  power  is  given  to  the  Decemvir   omnis  pro- 
deceinvirs  of  visiting,    whenever  vincia  obeo,  liber  populus 
they  please,  all  the  provinces,  and  ager  multo   summus  po- 
of depriving  free  nations  of  their  testas  do,  quum  volo. 
territories. 

I  thought  that  no  delay  ought  to  Nullus   mora    interpo- 

be  interposed  in  pursuing  M.  An-  no  insequor  M.  Antonius 

tony.  puto. 

I  am   transported  with  the  de-  Equtdern  eflfero  studi- 

sire  of  seeing  your  fathers.  um  pater  vester  video. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  Cornelian  law  had  expressly0  given  to  Pompey  the 
power  of  bestowing*  the  right  of  citizenship.  The  ambassa- 
dors of  the  Germans  requested0  of  Caesar,  that  he  would 
give  them  leaverf  to  send  ambassadors  toe  the  Ubii.  At 
Rome,  the  right  of  convoking f  the  senate  did  not  belong^  to 
private  (individuals.)  The  consul  delayed  a  little*,  for  the 
purpose  of  ascertaining1  the  feelings j  of  the  soldiers. 
There  can  be  no  just  cause  to  any  one  of  taking  up  arms 
against  (his)  country.  J3t/  bearing  injuries,  you  will  merit 
greater  praise  than  by  avenging  (them.) 

*  definite.  6  dono.  c  imp.  d  to  give  leave,  potestatem  facio. 
*  in.  /  voco.  g  to  belong,  sum.  h  parumoer.  *  experior. 
i  animus. 


II.  R.  2.    A  rage  for  ravaging  Ago  infelix  Alexander 

other  men's  possessions  agitated  furor  alienus*  devasto,  et 

the  unhappy  Alexander,  and  urged  ad  ignotus"  mitto. 
him  into  unknown  regions. 


260  GERUNDS  AND  GERUNDIVES.  §  275. 

Logic  is  the  art  of  discrimina-        DialectTca  sum  ars  ve- 
ting  truth  and  falsehood.  rusa  ac  falsits*  dijudico. 

0  neut.  pi. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

We  are  so  formed  by  nature0  as  to  contain6  in  ourselves 
the  principlec  of  engaging  in  some  pursuit*,  and  of  attach- 
ing ourselves  to  some  persons' .  It  was  the  malady  of  the 
Greeks  to  occupy  themselves f  in  useless  literary  studies*; 
and  the  idle*  desire  of  learning  superfluous1  (things)  has 
seized  on-'  the  Romans  also. 

0  to  be  formed  by  nature,  nascor,  pcrf.  b  imp.  subj.  c  pi.  d  lit. 
of  doing  (ago)  something.  'lit.  of  loving  (diligo)  some  (persons.) 
/  lit.  to  be  occupied.  e  literary  studies,  literarum  studia.  h  inanis. 
*  supervacuus.  J  to  seize  on,  invado. 


GERUNDS. 

III.  R.  1.    Avaricious  men  are         Avarus  homo  non  so- 

not  only  tormented  with  the  pas-  lum  libido  augeo  crucio, 

sion  for  acquiring,  but  also  with  sed  etiam  amitto  metus. 
the  fear  of  losing. 

Frugality    is     the    science    of         Parsimonia  sum  scien- 

avoiding  superfluous  expense,  or  tia  vito  sumtus  supervac- 

the   art  of    using   property    with  uus,  aut  ars  res  familia- 

moderatiori.  ris  moderate  utor. 

In  proportion  as  any  one  speaks         Ut  quisque  optime  dico 

well,  so  he  most  dreads  the  diffi-  ita  maxime  dico  difficul- 

culty  of  speaking.  tas  pertimesco. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Epaminondas  was  desirous"  of  hearing;  for  from  this  he 
thought6  that  it  was  easiest  to  learnc.  A  great  part  of  the 
Babylonians  had  stationed  themselves**  on  the  walls,  eager' 
to  become  acquainted f  with  Alexander.  Habit  and  practice 
both  sharpen  *  acutenessh  in  understanding,  and  quicken1 
the  rapidity  of  expression*. 


§275. 


GERUNDS    AND    GERUNDIVES. 


261 


*  studiosus.  b  arbitror.  c  that  it  was  easiest  to  learn,  facilltm6 
disci,  §  239,  R.  3.  d  to  station  one's  self,  consto.  '  avldus.  /  cog- 
nosco.  e  acuo.  A  prudentia.  *  inclto.  i  eloquor. 


GERUNDIVES. 


III.  R.  1.  A  desire  seized 
Romulus  and  Rernus  of  founding 
a  city  on  the  spot  where  they 
had  been  exposed  and  brought  up. 

Hannibal  increased  his  repu- 
tation by  his  so  bold  attempt  of 
crossing  the  Alps. 

All  judicial  proceedings  have 
oeen  devised  for  the  sake  of  ter- 
minating controversies,  or  pun- 
ishing enemies. 

Either  pleasures  are  foregone 
for  the  sake  of  obtaining  greater 
pleasures,  or  pains  are  undergone 
for  the  sake  of  escaping  greater 
pains. 

The  difficulty  of  supporting  an 
office  through  weakness,  is  whol- 
ly inapplicable  to  the  majesty  of 
God. 

(5.)  Marius  perceived  that 
these  (things  were)  merely  glo- 
rious, and  did  not  tend  to  termi- 
nate the  war. 


Romulus     et    Remus 
cupldo  capio  in  is  locus, 
ubi    expono   atque    edu 
co,  urbs  condo. 

Hannibal  opinio  de  sui 
augeo,  condtus  tarn  au- 
dax  trajicio  Alpes. 

Omnis  judicium  aut 
distraho  controversia  aut 
punio  maleficium  causa 
reperio. 

Aut  voluptas  omitto 
magnus  voluptas  adipis- 
cor  causa,  aut  dolor  sus- 
cipio  magnus  dolor  effu- 
gio  causa. 

Sustinto  munus  prop- 
ter  imbecillttas  difficultas 
minlme  cado  in  majestas 
Deus. 

Qui  Marius  gloriosus 
modo,  neque  bellum  pa- 
Iro  cognosce. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

It  is  not  denied  that  Demosthenes  possessed  very  great 
power"  of  eloquence6,  but  it  is  alsoc  ascertained^  that  he 
was  fond?  of  hearing  Plato.  I  rejoice7  that  you  are 
desirous  of  bringing  abouts  peace  between  the  citizens. 
Zcno  of  Elea71  endured  *  every  thing  rather  than  disclose' 
(his)  accomplices'1  in  (the  plan  of)  abolishing1  the  tyranny. 
It  is  true,  that  if  any  one  ism  ignorant  of  (the  art  of)  com- 
posing" and  polishing  language",  he  cannot7'  fluently3  ex- 
press even  thatr  which  he  knows*. 


262 


GERUNDS    AND    GERUNDIVES. 


§275 


6  dico.     °  quoque. 


vis. 

/  laetor.  *  to  bring  about,  concilio. 
tior.  1  indico,  subj.  *  conscius. 
'  oratio.  ?  §  269. 


d  it  is  ascertained,  constat.     '  studiosus. 
h  of  Elea,  Eleatlcus.      * 
1  deleo.       m  §  261,  2. 
is  ipse.      •  §  266,  1. 


perpe- 
facio. 


GERUNDS. 

III.  R.  2.  In  the  gnat,  nature 
so  formed  an  instrument,  that  it 
was  at  once  pointed  for  boring, 
and  hollow  for  sucking. 

The  pool  produces  frogs  desti- 
tute of  feet;  soon  it  gives  legs 
suitable  for  swimming. 

When  I  was  at  Apamea,  the 
leading  men  of  many  cities  repre- 
sented to  me,  that  too  great  ex- 
penses were  decreed  for  ambas- 
sadors, as  the  cities  were  not 
able  to  pay  (them.) 

Tiberius  promised  that  he 
would  rebuild  the  theatre  of 
Pompey,  (which  had  been)  acci- 
dentally consumed  by  fire,  since 
no  one  of  the  family  was  able  to 
rebuild  it. 


In  culex  natura  telum 
it  a  for  mo,  ut  fodio  acu- 
mindtus  pariter,  et  sorbeo 
Jistuldsus  sum. 

Limus  raria  genero 
truncus  pesa  ;  mox  aptus 
nato  crus  do. 

Apamea  cum  sum, 
multus  civltas  princeps 
ad  ego  defero,  sumtus 
decerno  legatus  nimia 
magnus,  cum  solvo  civi- 
tas  non  sum. 

Pompeius  theatrurn, 
ignis  fortuito  haustus, 
Tiberius  extruo  polli- 
ceor,  quod  nemo  e  fami- 
lia  restauro  sufKciob. 


*  §  213.        *  §  266,  3. 


GERUNDIVES. 


III.  R.  2.  Dry  wood  is  a  proper 
material  for  producing  fire. 

The  spring,  as  it  were,  repre- 
sents youth,  and  exhibits  the 
promise  of  the  future  fruits ;  the 
rest  of  the  time  is  adapted  for 
reaping  and  gathering  the  fruits. 

There  are  some  games  not 
without  their  use  for  sharpening 
the  wits  of  boys. 

Cleanthes     drew     water,    and 


Lignum  aridus  materia 
sum  idoneus  elicio  ignis. 

Ver  tanquam  adoles- 
centia  significo,  futurus- 
que  fructus  ostendo  ;  rel- 
iquus  tempus  demeto 
fructus  et  percipio  ac- 
commodatus  sum. 

Sum  nonnullus  acuo 
puer  ingenium  non  inu- 
tilis  lusus. 

Cleanthes  aqua  haurio, 


§275. 


GERUNDS  AND  GERUNDIVES. 


263 


hired  out  his  hands  for  watering 
a  garden. 

It  is  not  in  my  power,  nor  is  it 
optional  with  me,  not  to  bestow 
my  labors  for  removing  the  dan- 
gers of  men. 

Wood  was  brought  down  from 
mount  Lebanon  for  constructing 
rafts  and  towers. 

(1.)  Iron,  when  red,  is  not  fit 
for  hammering,  nor  till  it  begins 
to  grow  white. 

Coarse  paper  is  not  useful  for 
writing,  but  serves  for  packages 
of  goods. 


et  rigo  hortulus  loco  ma- 
nus. 

Neque  ego  licet,  neque 
sum  integer,  ut  meus  la- 
bor homo  periculum  sub- 
levo  non  impertio. 

Materies  ex  Libanus 
mons,  ratis  et  turris  con- 
ficio  veho. 

Rubens  ferrum  non 
sum  (undo,  nee  donee 
excandesco. 

Charta  emporeticus 
non  sum  scribo,  et  merx 
involucrurn  usus  prsebeo. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  Transalpine  Gauls  took  possession  ofa  a  spot  not  far 
from  thence,  for  the  building1  of  a  town,  where  Aquileia 
now  stands.  (2.)  Within  ten  years  the  Roman  people  both 
created  decemvirs  for  enacting  laws,  and  abolished0  (them.) 
M.  Antonius,  triumvir  for  the  settlement  ofd  the  common- 
wealth, brought  about8  the  marriage  of  the  daughter  of 
Atticus  with  Vipsanius  Agrippa.  The  sons  of  Ancus  were 
now  almost  of  the  age  of  puberty7;  for  which  reason*"  Tar- 
quin  was  the  more  urgent'1,  that  comitia  should  be  held1,  as 
soon  as  possible,  for  the  election^  of  a  king. 

a  to  take  possession  of,  capio.  6  condo.  c  abolished,  e  republics  suf- 
f£ro.  d  constituo,  lit.  for  settling.  "  lit.  was  the  promoter  of,  (concili- 
ator.) /  adj.  pubes.  *  for  which  reason,  eo.  h  to  be  urgent,  insto. 
*  fio.  •?  creo. 


GERUNDS. 


III.  R.  3.  We  are  inclined  not 
only  to  learn,  but  also  to  teach. 

To  think  well,  and  to  act  right- 


Non  sol  urn  ad  disco 
propensus  sum,  sed  etiam 
ad  doceo. 

Bene  sentio,  recteque 


ly,  is  sufficient  for   a  good  and    facio,  satis  sum  ad  bene 


happy  life. 


beateque  vivo. 


264 


GERUNDS    AND    GERUNDIVES. 


§275 


As  the  ox  was  born  to  plough, 
(and)  the  dog  to  track,  so  man 
was  born  for  two  things,  to  under- 
stand and  to  act. 

.Praise  cannot  induce  you  to 
act  well. 

Ccesar  was  blamed,  because, 
during  the  performance,  he  occu- 
pied himself  in  reading  letters  and 
memorials,  or  writing  answers. 

The  marsh  hindered  the  Ro- 
mans in  pursuing. 

The  character  of  boys  mani- 
fests itself  more  openly  (while)  at 
play. 

It  is  infamous  to  condemn  him 
from  whom  you  have  received 
money  in  consideration  of  acquit- 
ting (him.) 

Horses,  before  they  are  broken, 
display  great  spirit. 

To  teach  is  not  the  only  prov- 
ince of  an  orator,  but  eloquence 
is  still  more  important  in  regard 
to  moving  (the  feelings.) 


Ut  ad  aro  bos,  ad  in- 
ddgo  canis,  sic  homo  ad 
duo  res,  ad  intelligo  et 
ago  nascor. 

Tu  laus  alhcio  ad  recte 
facio  non  possum. 

Reprehendo  Caesar, 
quod  inter  spccto  episto- 
la  libellusque"  lego,  aut 
rescribo  vaco6. 

Palus  Romanus  ad 
insequor  tardo. 

Mosc  puer  sui  inter 
ludo  simpliclter  detego. 

Flagitiosus  sum,  is,  a 
qui  pecunia  ob  absolvo 
accipio,  condernno. 

Equus  ante  domo  in- 
gens  tollo  animus. 

Non  solusrf  sum  orator* 
doceo,  sed  plus  eloquentia 
circa  movco  valeo. 


dat. 


§  206,  3.      c  pi.     *  §  205,  R.  7,  (2.)      '  §  211,  R.  8,  (3.) 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

The  riper"  the  berry  of  the  olive,  the  fatter0  is  the  juice, 
and  the  less  pleasant* ;  and  the  best  timec  for  gathering* 
(is,)  when  the  berry  begins'  to  grow  black.  It  is  best  that 
those  who  preside  over  the  republic  should  resemble  the 
laws7,  which  are  induced0'  to  punish,  not  by  passion'1,  but 
by  justice*.  Alexander,  having  taken-*'  the  cup,  handed*  the 
letter  to  his  physician,  and,  while  he  drank,  fixed2  his  eyes 
upon  his  countenance  as  he  read771  (it.) 

0  §  256,  R.  16,  (2.)  &  gratus.  c  sntas.  d  decerpo.  '  all.  absolute, 
§  257,  R.  1.  /  §  222,  R.  2.  g  duco.  h  iracundia.  *  cequitas.  J  ac- 
cipio. *  trado.  *  intendo.  m  lit.  reading,  §  274, 3. 


§275. 


GERUNDS    AND    GERUNDIVES. 


265 


GERUNDIVES. 


III.  R.  3.  (He)  who  knows 
himself,  will  be  conscious  that  he 
has  something  divine,  and  will 
understand  what  means  he  has 
for  acquiring  wisdom. 

Pythagoras  went  to  Babylon, 
to  learn  the  motions  of  the  heaven- 
ly bodies,  and  the  origin  of  the 
world;  thence  he  directed  his 
course  to  Crete  and  Lacedaemon, 
to  become  acquainted  with  the 
laws  of  Minos  and  Lycurgus. 

The  eyelids,  which  are  the 
covering  of  the  eyes,  very  soft 
to  the  touch,  are  most  skilfully 
formed,  both  for  inclosing  the  pu- 
pils, lest  any  thing  should  fall  up- 
on them,  and  for  opening  them. 

Man  enjoys  great  advantages 
for  gaining  and  acquiring  wis- 
dom. 

Nature  has  furnished  the  mind 
of  man  with  senses  adapted  to  the 
perception  of  things. 

From  the  caverns  of  the  earth 
we  draw  forth  iron,  a  substance 
necessary  for  cultivating  the  fields. 

The  multitude  of  cattle  were 
made  partly  for  eating,  partly  for 
the  cultivation  of  the  fields,  part- 
ly for  transporting,  partly  for 
clothing  the  body. 


Q,ui  sui  ipsea  nosco,  ali- 
quis  sentio  sui  habeo  divl- 
nus,  intelligoque  quantus 
instrumentum  habeo  ad 
adipiscor  sapientia. 

Pythagoras  Babylonia 
ad  pcrdisco  sidus  motus 
origoque  mundus  pro- 
ficiscor ;  inde  Creta  et 
Lacedsemon,  ad  cognosco 
Minos  et  Lycurgus  lex 
contendo. 

Palpebra,  qui  sum  teg- 
mentum  ociilus,  mollis 
tactus,  apte  facio  et  ad 
claudo  pupulus  ne  quis 
incido,  et  ad  aperio. 

Homo  magnus  habeo 
instrumentum  ad  obtineo, 
adipiscorque  sapientia. 

Natura  animus  homo 
sensus  orno  ad  res  per- 
cipio  idoneus. 

E  terra  caverna  fer- 
rum  elicio,  res  ad  colo 
ager  necessarius. 

Multitude  pecus  par- 
tim  ad  vescorb,  partim 
ad  cultus  ager,  partim  ad 
veho,  partim  ad  corpus* 
vestio  facio. 


a  §  207,  R.  28.      *  §  275, 1.,  R.  2.     e  pi. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

No  one  is  more  unyielding"  inb  granting6  pardon,  than 
(he)  who  has  often*  had  occasion*  to  ask  for  it.     If  you  ap- 
23 


266 


GERUNDS    AND    GERUNDIVES. 


§275. 


prove  both  me  and  Tacitus,  you  must/  think'  the  same  of 
Rufus  also  ;  since  similarity  of  character*  is  the  firmest1  bond 
for  forming  friendships. 

a  difficilis.        b  ad.       c  do.       d  comp.       *  mereo.       /  you  must,  ne- 
cesse  est.      *  sentio,  §  262,  R.4.      h  mos.      *  tenax,  sup.  with  vel. 


GERUNDS. 


III.  R.  4.  By  gradually  re- 
ceiving to  the  rights  of  citizen- 
ship the  Italian  allies,  who  had 
either  not  taken  up  arms,  or  had 
laid  them  down,  the  forces  of  the 
city  were  more  speedily  recruited. 

I  indeed  think  that  virtue  is 
given  to  men,  by  instructing  and 
persuading  (them,)  not  by  threats, 
and  violence,  and  fear. 

Socrates,  by  questioning  und 
interrogating,  used  to  draw  forth 
the  opinions  of  those  with  whom 
he  discoursed. 

The  laws  of  Lycurgus  train 
youth  in  labor,  by  hunting,  run- 
ning, being  hungry,  being  thirsty, 
being  pinched  with  cold,  and  be- 
ing violently  heated. 


Paulatim  recipio  in 
civitas  socius  Italicus 
qui  arma  aut  non  capio 
aut  depono  mature  vis 
civitas  reficio. 

Eqmdem  puto  virtus 
homo,  instituo  et  persua- 
dco  non  minae  et  vis  ac 
metus,  trado. 

Socrates  percunctor  at- 
que  intcrrogo,  elicio  so- 
leo  is  opinio  quicum  dis- 
sero. 

Lycurgus  lex  erudio  ju- 
ventus  venor,  curro,  esu- 
rio,  sitio,  algco,  cestuo. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

By  doing0  nothing,  men  learn  to  do  ill.  Men  do  not  ap- 
proach nearer  to  God  in  any  thing,  than  in  giving  safety  to 
men.  Make  thy6  life  happy  by  laying  aside*  all  solicitude 
aboutd  it.  It  is  right6  that,  (a  man)  should  be  both7  munifi- 
cent in  giving,  and5^  riot  severe*  in  exacting.  Anger  should 
especially  be  forbidden1  in  punishing ;  for  (he)  who  comesy 
angry  to  (inflict)  punishment,  will  never  observe-7'  that  medi- 
um*' which  is  between  too  much  and  too  little'.  That  com- 
mander cannot  keep  an  army  under  control"1,  who  does  not 
control  himself;  nor  be  severe  in  judging,  who  does  not 


§275.  GERUNDS    AND    GERUNDIVES.  267 

choose"  that  others  should  be  severe  judges  towards  him. 
There  is  no  evil  so  great,  that  I  do  not  think0  it  is  impend- 
ing ;  but  I  desist,  siricep  there  is  often  more  evil  in  fearing'1 
than  in  the  thing  itself  which  is  feared8.  In  (the  depart- 
ment of)  philosophy,  the  high  station'  of  Plato  did  not  deter 
Aristotle /row  writing ;  nor  did  Aristotle,  by  his  admirable" 
knowledge  and  copiousness,  throw  a  damp  upon"  the  studies 
of  others.  A  good  prince,  by  doing  well,  teaches  his  citi- 
zens to  do  well ;  and,  while10  he  is  greatest  in  power*,  is 
greater  by  (his)  example. 

"  ago.  fc  §  211,  R.  5,  1.  c  depono.  d  pro.  *  convenit.  /  quurn. 
e  turn.  h  acerbus.  *  prohibeo,  §  274,  R.  8.  J  teneo.  *  mediocri- 
tas.  '  too  much  and  too  little,  nimium  et  parurn.  m  to  keep  under 
control,  contineo.  n  volo.  °  §  204.  v  quum.  ?  rnetuo.  r  the 
thing  itself,  ipse  ille.  *  timeo.  '  high  station,  amplitude.  u  admi- 
rabilis  quidam.  *  to  throw  a  damp  upon,  restinguo.  w  quumque. 
*  iraperium.  y  fut. 


GERUNDIVES, 

III.  R.  4.  Virtue  is  seen  most  In  voluptas  sperno  ac 

of  all  in  despising  and  rejecting  repudio  virtus  vel  magis 

pleasure.  cerno. 

The  body  must  be  exercised  Exerceo  corpus  ut  obe- 
that  it  may  obey  the  reason,  in  dio  ratio  possum,  in  car- 
executing  business  and  enduring  sequor  negotium  et  in  la- 
Jabor.  bor  tolero. 

It  (is)  a  difficult  subject,  and  DifficTlis  res  ac  mul- 

much  and  often  inquired  into,  turn  et  saepe  quaesitus, 

whether,  in  conferring  a  magis-  suffragium,  in  magistrd- 

tracy,  or  enacting  a  law,  or  trying  tus  mando,  aut  reusjudi- 

a  culprit,  it  were  better  to  vote  co,  aut  lex  scisco,  clam  aa 

secretly  or  openly.  palam  fero  bene  sum. 

Many  persons  use  care  in  get-  Multus  in  equus  paro 

ting  horses,  (but)  are  negligent  in  adhibeo  cura,  in  amicus 

choosing  friends.  eligo  negligens  sum. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

It  has  been  established*  by  the  civil  law,  that,  in  the  sale 
b  estates',   the    faults   which  were   known  to   the   seller 


268 


SUPINES. 


§276 


should  be  mentioned^.  Who  does  not  know  that  the  chief 
power*  of  the  orator  consists7  in  exciting5  men's  minds  ei- 
ther to  anger,  or  hatred,  or  grief,  or  in  recalling  (them)  from 
these*  same  emotions4  to  mildness  and  pity  ?  The  memory 
should  be  exercised  by  learning! ,  word  for  word*,  as  many 
as  possible',  both  (of)  the  writings  of  others  and  our  ownm. 
Elegance  in  speaking"  is  improved0  by  the  knowledge  of  let- 
ters, and  is  increased  by  reading  orators  and  poets. 


6  lit.  in  selling.      °  prsedium.     d  dico.      *  vis.     /  exi 
icito.       h  hicce.       *  permotio.       i  edisco.       *  ad  verbum. 
ly  as  possible,  quain  plurimus.      m  noster.      n  gen.      °  expolio. 


0  sancio 
f  incite. 
man 


SUPINES. 

$  276,  I.     Supines  in  urn  are  followed  by  the  same 
cases  as  their  verbs. 


Philip  was  slain  by  Pausanias 
at  ^Ega?,  near  the  theatre,  as  he 
was  going  to  see  the  games. 

Divitiacus  came  to  the  senate 
at  Rome  to  implore  assistance. 

Ambassadors  came  from  Rome 
into  the  camp  of  the  JEqui,  to 
complain  of  injuries,  and  to  de- 
mand a  restitution  of  property, 
according  to  the  treaty. 

Perdiccas  had  gone  to  make 
war  upon  Egypt,  in  opposition  to 
Ptolemy. 

The  Veientes  send  ambassa- 
dors to  Rome  to  sue  for  peace. 

Hannibal,  unconquered,  was 
recalled  to  defend  his  country. 

II.  Many  individuals  came  to 
Cn.  Pompey  to  beg  and  beseech 


Philippus  ^Egae  a  Pau- 
sanias, quum  specto  ludus 
eo,  juxta  theatrum  occi- 
do. 

Divitiacus  Roma0  ad 
senatus  venio  auxilium 
postulo. 

In  castra  ^Equi  lega- 
tus  ab  Roma  venio  que- 
ror  injuriaay  et  ex  fcedus 
res  repeto. 

Perdiccas  JEgyptus 
oppugno  adversus  Ptole- 
maeus  proficiscor. 

Veiensb  paxpeto  orator 
Roma  mitto. 

Hannibal  invictus  pa- 
tria  defendo  revoco. 

Ad  Cn.  Pompeius  mul- 
tus  mortalis  oro  obsecro 


$276. 


SUPINES. 


269 


that  he  would  not  abandon  my 
fortunes. 

Fabius  Pictor  was  sent  to  Del- 
phi to  the  oracle,  to  inquire  by 
what  prayers  and  punishments 
the  Romans  might  appease  the 
gods. 

The  Helvetian  war  being  fin- 
ished, the  ambassadors  of  almost 
all  Gaul  assembled  about  Caesar 
to  offer  congratulations. 

The  cocks  understand  the  stars, 
and  distinguish  in  the  day-time 
the  spaces  of  three  hours  by  their 
note ;  they  go  to  roost  with  the 
sun,  and  at  the  fourth  military 
watch,  recall  us  to  care  and 
labor. 

The  commanders  of  the  king 
of  Persia  sent  to  Athens  to  com- 
plain that  Chabrias  was  carrying 
on  war  along  with  the  Egyptians, 
against  the  king. 


que  venio.,  ne  meus  fortu- 
na  desero. 

Fabius  Pictor  Delphi 
ad  oraculum  mitto,  scis- 
citor  qui  prexc  supplici- 
umque  dens  possum  pla- 
co  Romanus. 

Bellum  Helvetius  con- 
fectus,  totus  fere  G  alii  a 
legatus  ad  Caesar  gralu- 
lor  convenio. 

Gall  us  gallinaceus  nos- 
cod  sidus,  et  terni  distin- 
guo  hora  interdiu  can- 
tus ;  cum  sol  cumbo  eo, 
quartusque  castrensis  vi- 
gilia  ad  cura  laborque 
ego  revoco. 

Praefectus  rex  Persa* 
legatus  mitto  Athena?  que~ 
ror,  quod  Chabrias  ad- 
versum  rex  bellum  gero 
cum  ^Egyptius. 


«  ace.       b  §  9, 2d  paragraph.       c  §  94.       d  perf.  §  183,  3,  N.       '  lit. 
of  the  Persians. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Not  only  old  inhabitants  of  Agrigentum"  came  (to  Verres) 
to  purchase11  the  senator's17  place,  but  also  new  (ones;)  and 
it  happened^  that  a  new  one  outbid6  (the  old,)  and  carried 
off7  the  pretor's*"  letters.  The  people  of  Veil*,  subdued* 
by  (their)  unsuccessful  battle,  send  negotiators7  to  Rome 
to  implore  peace.  The  Saguntines  requesting*  that,  as  far 
as  they  could  (do  it)  safely,  they  might  go  to  see  Italy,  guides 
were  given  them,  and  letters  sent  through  the  towns  that 
they  should  treat'  the  Spaniards  kindly"*.  Hannibal,  uncon- 
quered  in  Italy,  was  recalled  to  defend  his  country  against 
Publius  Scipio,  the  son  of  the  man"  whom  he  had  himself 
routed,  first,  at  the  Rhone,  a  second0  time  at  the  Po,  a  third 
time  at  the  Trebia. 
23* 


270 


SUPINES. 


§276. 


*  inhabitants  of  Agrigentum,  Agrigentlni.  *  emo.       '  senatorius 

*  fio.       '  pretio  vinco.      f  to  carry  off',  aufe"ro.  f  lit.  from  the  pretor 

*  Veientes.       *  subactus.      J  orator.       *  peto.  l  accipio.      m  com! 
ter.      n  lit.  of  him.       °  iterum. 


The  sentence,  "  They  come  to  see  the  games,"  may  be  expressed 
in  either  of  the  following  modes,  viz. 


II.  R.  4. 

Veniunt 
Veniunt 
Veniunt 
Veniunt 
Veniunt 
Veniunt 
Veniunt 
Veniunt 
Veniunt 


Veniunt  spectatum  ludos.     §276,11. 
ad  spectandum  ludos.  )  ,  onc    TTT   „    0 
ad  spectandos  ludos.    /  V  ^95>  m-  K-  *• 

spectandi  ludos  )  causa  or  gratia 

spectandorum  ludorum  >   <•  0^   TfT   D  \ 

spectandi  ludorum          j   $  ^'5>  1U>  K*  L 

ut  ludos  spectent.     §262. 

qui  ludos  spectent.     §  264,  5. 

ludos  spectaturi.     §  274,  R.  6. 

ludos  spectare.  §  271, 3d  paragraph,  %d  clause. 


The  following  sentences  may  be  varied  in  the  same  manner  :  — 


I  came  hither  to  extricate  thee 
from  thy  difficulties. 

Then  Romulus,  by  the  advice 
of  the  fathers,  sent  ambassadors 
to  the  neighboring  states  to  solicit 
(their)  friendship. 

Caesar  withdrew  his  forces  to 
the  next  hill,  and  sent  his  caval- 
ry to  sustain  the  attack  of  the 
enemies. 

He  sent  prefects  and  tribunes 
of  the  soldiers  into  the  neigh- 
boring states,  for  the  purpose  of 
demanding  provisions. 

Darius,  king  of  the  Persians, 
sends  Megabyzus  with  a  part  of 
his  forces  to  conquer  Thrace. 

Caesar  hastened  to  exhort  his 
eoldiers. 


Hue  venio  tu  ex  diffi- 
cultas  cripioa. 

Turn,  ex  consilium  pa- 
ter, Romulus  legatus  cir- 
ca viclnus  gens  mitto, 
qui  societas  peto. 

Copia  suus  Caesar  in 
proximus  collis  subduco; 
equitatusque  qui  sustineo 
hostis  impetus  mitto. 

Is  praefectus  tribunus- 
que  miles  in  fmitimus 
civitas,  frumentum  petob 
causa  dimitto. 

Darius,  rex  Persa,  mit- 
to cum  pars  copia  Mega- 
byzus ad  subigo1  Thro- 
cia. 

Caesar  ad  cohortorb  mi 
les  decurro. 


a  §  274,  R.  6.      t  §  275,  II.,  &  III.  R.  1. 


§  276.  SUPINES.  271 

English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

He  fledc  to  the  temple  to  implore*  the  assistance  of  the 
gods*,  and  to  consult"  the  oracle.  He  went  to  the  river  to 
wash  away"  the  blood.  They  came  to  attack*  the  camp.  I 
excluded  those  whom  you  had  sent  to  salutef  me  in  the 
morning.  Hippias  had  been  lately  sent  by  the  king  to 
defend*  the  forest5 . 

«  §  274,  R.  6.        *  §  275,  II.,  &  III.  R.  I.        «  confugio.        *  §  231. 

'  §  278.      /  §  276,  II.       '  saltus. 

III.    The  more  brief  a  narra-  Quo  brevis  eo  diluci- 

tive   (is,)    the   more  perspicuous  dus   et   cognosco  facilis 

and  easy  to  be  understood  will  it  narratio  fio. 
become. 

It  is  difficult   to   express,  how  Dijficilis     dico     sum, 

much  courtesy  and  affability  of  quantopere  concilio  ani- 

conversation   win   the    minds  of  mus  homo   comitas  affa- 

men.  bilitasque  sermo. 

Wickedness  quickly  steals  (up-  Cito  nequitia  subrepo  ; 
on  us;)  virtue  is  difficult  to  be  virtus  difficilis  invenio 
found,  and  needs  a  ruler  and  sum,  rector  duxque  de- 
guide,  sidero. 

What  is  so  pleasant  to  know  Quis  sum  tarn  jucun- 

and  hear,  as  a  discourse  adorned  dus  cognosco  atque  audio, 

with  wise  sentiments  and  weighty  quam    sapiens  sententia, 

words  ?  gravisque   verbum  orna- 

tus  oratio  ? 

English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Hannibal,  incredible  to  relate",  in  two  days5  and  two 
nights,  reached0  Adrumetum,  which  is  distant  from  Zama 
about  three  hundred  miles.  The  human  mind  can  be  com- 
pared with  no  other  than**  with  God  himself,  if  this  is  proper9 
to  be  said.  To  what  purpose  f  (do  I  say)  so  manyff  things 
respecting  MaxTmus?  that  you  may  see  it  would  be  wrong* 
to  say,  such  an  old  age  was  miserable. 

0  dico.  *  biduum.  c  pervenio.  d  nisi.  *  fas.  /  to  what  "pwr- 
•pose,  quorsum.  g  so  many ;  lit.  these  so  many.  h  nefas. 


272 


ADVERBS. 


§277. 


ADVERBS. 


<§>  277.     Adverbs   modify  or  limit  the  meaning  of 
verbs,  adjectives,  and  sometimes  of  other  adverbs. 


They  certainly  err  greatly,  if 
they  indulge  the  hope  that  my 
former  lenity  will  continue  for- 
ever. 

Whom  do  I  honor?  Truly 
those  who  are  themselves  an  or- 
nament to  the  state. 

Snows  do  not  fall  upon  the 
deep  sea. 

The  minds  of  soldiers  are 
pleased  with  praises  not  less  than 
with  rewards. 

I  plainly  perceive  that  we  are 
not  loved  by  our  youth. 

The  hill  was  held  by  the  Gauls 
with  a  garrison  not  very  strong. 

At  no  previous  time  did  such 
consternation  take  possession  of 
the  senate. 

R.  1.  Julius  Caesar  married 
Cornelia,  the  daughter  of  Cinna, 
(who  was)  a  fourth  time  consul. 

Juno  had  heard  that  from 
hence  a  nation  ruling  far  and 
wide,  and  proud  in  war,  would 
come  for  the  destruction  of 
Libya. 

R.  3.  Vibius  is  an  absurd  po- 
et ;  but  still  he  is  not  wholly  ig- 
norant, nor  useless. 

Agesilaus  was  diminutive  in 
person,  and  lame  in  one  foot; 
which  circumstance  also  occa- 
sioned some  deformity. 


NCR  ille  vehementer  er- 
ro,  si  ille  meus  pristinus 
lemtas  perpetuus  spero 
sum. 

dui  ego  orno  ?  nempe 
is,  qui  ipse  sum  orna- 
mentum  res  publicus. 

Nix  in  altus  mare  non 
cado. 

Laus  hand  minus  quam 
premium0  gaudeo  miles 
animus. 

A  noster  juvenis  ego 
non  amo  plane  intclttgo. 

Collis  presidium  a  Gal- 
lus  non  nimis  fcrmus  te- 
neo. 

Non  unquam  alias  ante 
tantus  terror  senatus  in- 
vado. 

Julius  Caesar  Cornelia, 
Cinna  quater  consul  filia, 
duco  uxor. 

Juno  audio,  hinc  pop- 
ulus,  late  rex,  bellumque 
superbus,  venio  excidium 
Libya. 

Vibius  sum  poeta  in- 
eptus ;  nee  tamen  scio 
nihil,  et  sum  non  inutilis. 

Agesilaus  sum  corpus 
exiguus  et  claudus  alter 
pes;  qui  res  etiam  non 
nullus  aftero  deformitas. 


§277. 


ADVERBS. 


273 


The  people  are  wont  sometimes 
to  neglect  worthy  (men.) 

R.  4.  Every  one  perceives  an 
open  flatterer. 

R.  5.  Epicrates  owed  no  money 
to  any  one. 

Our  coming  occasioned  not  the 
least  expense  to  any  one. 

I  never  offended  Scipio,  not 
even  in  the  smallest  particular. 

No  one  is  satisfied. 

R.  6.  In  the  consulship  of 
Piso,  not  only  was  it  not  permit- 
ted to  the  senate  to  aid  the  state, 
but  not  even  to  mourn  for  it. 

Not  only  was  there  no  place  in 
my  camp  for  any  traitor,  but  not 
even  for  a  deserter. 


Populus  soleo  non  nun- 
quam  dignus  prstereo. 

Aperte  adiilans  nemo 
non  video. 

Epicrates  debeo  nullus 
nummus  nemo. 

Adventus  noster  nemo 
ne  parvus  quidem  sum 
sumtus6. 

Nunquam  Scipio  ne 
parvus  quidem  res  of- 
fendo. 

Nemo  nihil  satis  sum. 

Piso  consul  senatus 
non  soliim  juvo  res  publi- 
cus,  sed  ne  lugeo  quidem 
licet. 

Non  modo  proditor,  sed 
ne  perfuga  quidem  locus 
in  meus  castra  quisquam 
sum. 


0  sing.        *  §  227. 


English  to  be  turned  into  Latin. 

Cato  calls  pleasure  the  bait  of  crimes*,  plainly1  because 
men  are  taken  by  it  as  fish  by  the  hook.  Polybius,  an 
authority  by  no  means  to  be  contemned0,  relates  that  king 
Syphax  was  led  in  triumph.  No  one  was  ever  so  afflicted, 
as  P.  I  am  not  unaware*  that  there  is  utility  in  history,  and 
not  pleasure  alone.  I  am  not  ignorantf  how  fickle  are  the 
minds  of  men.  Conon  often  opposed*  the  designs  of  Agesi- 
laus,  andh  it  was  evident,  that,  but  for  him*,  Agesilaus  would 
have  possessed^  Asia  as  far  as  to*  the  Taurus.  The  Atheni- 
ans thought*  (there  was)  nothing  (which)  Alcibiades  could 
not  effect.  Old  men  are  not  only  (not)  compelled  to  do 
what  they  cannot,  but  not  even  as  much  as  they  are  able. 

0  malum.  b  videlicet.  c  sperno.  d  lit.  I  am  so  afflicted,  fyc. 
•  inscius.  /  to  be  ignorant,  ignore.  e  obsto.  h  two  negatives.  *  but 
for  him,  si  ille  non  fuisset.  /eripio.  *  as  far  as  to,  tenus.  l  duco. 


274 


CONJUNCTIONS. 


§278. 


CONJUNCTIONS. 


<§>  278.  Copulative  and  disjunctive  conjunctions, 
and  some  others,  connect  words  which  are  in  the  same 
construction. 


God  alone  can  be  the  maker 
and  governor  of  heaven  and 
earth. 

In  battle  swift  death  comes  or 
joyful  victory. 

We  have  need  to  pray,  that 
there  may  be  a  sound  mind  in  a 
sound  body. 

You  will  be  a  king,  if  you  do 
right. 

Men  are  more  prone  to  pleas- 
ure, than  to  virtue. 

Virtue  can  never  be  taken 
away;  it  is  lost  neither  by  ship- 
wreck nor  fire. 

Hold  out,  and  preserve  your- 
selves for  prosperous  affairs. 

R.  2.  This  is  my  real  native 
country,  and  (that)  of  rny  brother 
here. 

R.  6.  There  are  four  elements, 
fire,  air,  earth,  (and)  water. 

R.  7.  To  admonish  and  to  be 
admonished,  is  the  part  of  true 
friendship. 

A  wise  man  remembers  past 
(favors)  with  gratitude,  and  so 
enjoys  the  present  as  to  observe 
how  great  and  how  pleasant  they 
are. 

The  Veneti  have  very  many 
ships,  and  they  surpass  others  in 
experience  in  naval  affairs. 


Deus  solus  possum  sum 
architectus  et  rector  cce- 
lum  ct  terra. 

In  praeliurn  citus  mors 
venio,  aut  victoria  Isetus. 

Orandum  sum,  ut  sum 
mens  sanus  in  corpus 
sanus. 

Rex  sum,  si  recte 
facio. 

Homo  pronus  sum  ad 
voluptas,  qudm  ad  virtus. 

Virtus  eripio  nunquam 
possum ;  neque  naufra- 
gium,  neque  incendium 
amitto. 

Duro,  et  tumet  res  ser- 
vo secundus. 

Hie  sum  meus,  ct  hie 
frater  meus  germanus 
patria. 

Quatuor  sum  elemen- 
tum,  ignis,  aer,  terra, 
aqua. 

Et  moneo  et  moneo, 
proprius  sum  verus  ami- 
citia. 

Sapiens  et  prseterltus 
grate  memmi  et  proesens 
ita  potior,  ut  animad- 
verto,  quantus  sum  is, 
quamque  jucundus. 

Et  navis  habeo  multus 
Veneti  et  usus  nautlcus 
res  reliquus  antecedo. 


§279. 


ARRANGEMENT. 


275 


ARRANGEMENT. 


<§>  279.  In  a  Latin  sentence,  after  connectives,  are 
placed,  first  the  subject  and  its  modifiers ;  then  the 
oblique  cases,  and  other  words  which  depend  upon  or 
modify  the  verb  ;  and  last  of  all  the  verb. 


2.  C.  Asinius  Pollio  salutes  Ci- 
cero. 

True  glory  rests  upon  virtue. 

All  virtue  consists  in  action. 

To  be  free  from  fault  is  a  very 
great  consolation. 

A  civil  war  is  most  pernicious. 

Nothing  can  be  done  in  this 
world  without  God. 

Keep  in  mind  your  promises. 

The  earth  revolves  around  the 
sun. 

A  learned  man  has  (his)  riches 
always  in  himself. 

3.  It  has  been  said  then  by  the 
most  learned  men,  that  no  one  is 
free  except  the  wise  man.     For 
what  is  liberty?     The  power  of 
living  as  you  choose. 

Brutus  perceived  that  an  attack 
was  made  upon  him.  He  there- 
fore offered  himself  eagerly  to  the 
contest. 

Will  you  then,  judges,  spare 
this  man,  whose  crimes  are  so 
great? 

Aristotle  indeed  remarks,  that 
all  talented  men  are  melancholic. 

I  do  not  suppose  a  knowledge 


C.  Asinius  Pollio  Cice- 
ro" salus  dico. 

Verus  decus  in  virtus 
pono6. 

Omnis  virtus  in  actio 
consisto. 

Vaco  culpa  magnus 
sum  solatium. 

Civllis  bellum  pernici- 
osus  sum. 

Nihil  in  hie  mundus 
facio  sine  Deus  possum. 

Promissum  tuus  memo- 
ria  teneoc. 

Terra  circum  sol 
volvod. 

Homo  doctus  in  sui 
semper  divitise  habeo. 

Dico  igitur  ab  erudi- 
tus  vir,  nisi  sapiens,  liber 
sum  nemo.  Q,uis  sum 
enim  libertas  ?  Potestas 
vivo,  ut  volo. 

Sentio  in  sui  eoe  Bru- 
tus. Avide  ildque  sui 
certamen  offero. 

Hie  homo  parco  igitur, 
judex,  qui  tantus  pecca- 
tum  sum  ? 

Aristoteles  quidem  aio 
omnis  ingeniosus  melan- 
cholicus  sum. 

Ego  ne   utilis   quidem 


276 


ARRANGEMENT. 


§279. 


of  future  events  to  be  even  useful 
to  us. 

Iphicrates  was  such  a  general, 
that  no  one  even  of  the  ancients 
can  be  preferred  to  him. 

4.  Each  to  each  is  dear. 

New  names  must  be  applied  to 
new  things. 

Different  things  appear  best  to 
different  persons. 

10.  Codrus  died  for  his  coun- 
try. 

A  fool  knows  not  (how)  to  keep 
silence. 

Miltiades  conquered  the  Per- 
sians in  the  battle  of  Marathon. 

As  the  shadow  follows  the 
body,  so  glory  (follows)  virtue. 

Deeds  are  more  difficult  than 
words. 

The  recollection  of  past  trouble 
is  pleasant. 

11.  Can  the  fish  love  the  fisher- 
man ? 

Poets  wish  either  to  profit  or 
please. 

The  hour,  which  has  past,  can- 
not return. 

No  one  ought  to  be  called 
happy  before  (his)  death. 

13.  (That)  man  is  ungrateful, 
who  does  not  return  a  favor. 

He  is  a  citizen  who  loves  his 
country. 


arbitror  sum  ego  futurus 
res  scientia. 

Iphicrates  sum  talis 
dux,  ut  ne  de  major  natu 
quidem  is  quisquam  ante- 
pono. 

Uterque  uterque  sum 
cor7. 

Impono  novus  novus 
nomen. 

Aliuse  alius  videor  bo- 
nus. 

Codrus  pro  patria  mo- 
rior. 

Stultus  non  nosco  si- 
lentium  servo. 

Miltiades  Persa  vinco 
in  pugna  Marathoriius. 

Ut  umbra  corpus  se- 
quor,  sic  virtus  gloria. 

Sum  factum  verbum 
difficiUs. 

Suavis  sum  labor  prae- 
teritus  memoria. 

An  piscator  piscis  amo 
possum  ? 

Aut  prosum  volo,  aut 
delecto,  poeta. 

Non,quipraetereo,  hora 
redco  possum. 

Dico  beatus  ante  obi- 
tus  nemo  debco. 

Ingratus  sum  homo,  qui 
non  beneficium  reddo. 

Civis  sum  is,  qui  patria 
suus  diligo. 


a  flat. 
/  §  227. 


6  perf.  pass. 
e  sing. 


c  §  2GO,  R.  6.       d  pass.       '  perf.  inf.  pas*. 


PROSODY. 


HEXAMETER  VERSE. 

§  31O.  A  hexameter,  or  heroic  verse,  consists  of  six  feet. 
Of  these,  the  fifth  is  a  dactyl,  the  sixth  a  spondee,  and  each  of  the 
other  four  either  a  dactyl  or  a  spondee. 

The  lines  in  the  first  four  of  the  following  exercises  are  already 
divided  into  feet,  so  that  the  scanning  of  them  will  be  completed  by 
marking,  and  proving  the  quantity  of  their  syllables  by  the  rules  of 
prosody  :  the  other  lines  must  be  divided,  as  well  as  marked  and 
proved. 

1.  Aurea  |  prlma  sa]ta  est  ocjtas,  quse,  j  vindice  |  nullo, 
Sponte  su|a,sme  |  lege  fl|dem  rec|tumque  cojlebat. 

2.  Po3na  me|tusque  abe|rant;  nee  |  verba  rnijnacia  |   fixo 
fare  le|gebanjtur  ;  nee  |  supplex  |  turba  li|mebant 

3.  Judicis  |  ora  su|i ;  sed  e|rant  sine  j  vindice  |  tuti. 
Nondum  |  caesa  su|is,  pere|grinM77i  ut  |  viseret  |  orbem, 

4.  Montibus,  |  in  liquijdas  pi|nus  dejscenderat  |  undas : 
Nullaque  |  mortajles  prce|ter  sua  |  litora  norant. 

5.  Nondum  praecipites  cingebant  oppida  fossae  ; 
Non  tuba  directi,  non  Eeris  cornua  flexi, 

6.  Non  galese,  non  ensis  erant ;  sine  militis  usu, 
Mollia  secures  peragebant  otia  gentes. 

7.  Ipsa  quoque  immunis,  rastroque  intacta,  nee  ullis 
Saucia  vorneribus,  per  se  dabat  omnia  tellus  : 

8.  Contentique  cibis,  nullo  cogente,  creatis, 
Arbuteos  fetus  montanaque  fraga  legebant, 

9.  Cornaque,  et  in  duris  hasrentia  mora  rubetis, 
Et,  quce  deciderant  patula  Jovis  arbore,  glandes. 

10.    Ver  erat  eeternum  ;  placidique  tepentibus  auris 
Mulcebant  Zephyri  natos  sin6  semine  Sores. 
24 


278  PROSODY — PENTAMETER  VERSE.  §311. 

11.  Mox  etiam  fruges  tellus  inarata  ferebat ; 
Nee  renovatus  ager  gravidis  canebat  aristis. 

12.  Flumina  jam  lactis,  jam  flumina  nectaris  ibant; 
Flavaque  de  viridi  stillabant  ilice  mella. 

13.  Fostquam,  Saturno  tenebrosa  in  Tartara  misso, 
Sub  Jove  mundus  erat,  subiit  argentea  proles, 
Auro  deterior,  fulvo  pretiosior  cere. 

14     Jupiter  antiqui  contraxit  tempora  veris, 

Perque  hyemes,  aestusque,  et  inaequales  autumnos, 
Et  breve  ver,  spatiis  exegit  quatuor  annum. 

15.  Turn  primum  siccis,  aer,  fervoribus  ustus, 
Canduit;  et  ventis  glacies  astricta  pependit. 
Turn  primum  subiere  domos;  dornus  antra  fuerunt, 

16.  Et  densi  frutices,  et  vinctoe  cortice  virgce. 
Semina  turn  primum  longis  Cerealia  sulcis 
Obruta  sunt,  pressique  jugo  gemuere  juvenci. 


PENTAMETER    VERSE. 

§  311.  A  pentameter  verse  consists  of  five  feet.  It  is  gene- 
rally, however,  divided,  in  scanning,  into  two  hemistichs,  the  first 
consisting  of  two  feet,  either  dactyls  or  spondees,  followed  by  a 
long  syllable ;  the  last  of  two  dactyls,  also  followed  by  a  long 
syllable. 

The  following  poem  consists  of  alternate  hexameter  and  pentameter 
lines,  forming  what  is  called  elegiac  verse. 

Ariadne  Thesco. 

1.  Quse  legis  ex  illo,  Theseu,  tibi  litore  mitto, 

Unde  tuam  sine  me  vela  tulcre  ratem. 

2.  Tempus  erat,  vitrea  quo  primum  terra  pruina 

Spargitur,  et  tectue  fronde  queruntur  aves. 

3.  Luna  fuit :  specto  si  quid  nisi  litora  cernam; 

Quod  videant,  oculi  nil  nisi  litus  habent. 

4.  Nunc  hue,  nunc  illuc,  et  utroque  sine  ordine  curro, 

Alta  puellares  tardat  arena  pedes. 
Mons  fuit;  apparent  frutices  in  vertice  rari; 
Hinc  scopulus  raucis  pendet  adesus  aquis 

5.  Ascendo ;  vires  animus  dabat ;  atque  ita  late 

^Equora  prospectu  metior  alta  meo. 
Inde  ego,  nam  ventis  quoque  sum  crudelibus  usa, 
Vidi  prcecipiti  carbasa  tenta  Noto. 


11.  PROSODY PENTAMETER    VERSE.  279 

6.  "  Quo  fugis  ?  "  exclamo,  "  scelerate,  revertere,  Theseu  • 

Flecte  ratem  ;  numerum  non  habet  ilia  suum." 
Haec  ego ;  quod  voci  deerat,  plangore  replebam  : 
Verbera  cum  verbis  mista  fuere  meis. 

7.  Quid  faciam  ?  quo  sola  ferar  ?  vacat  insula  cultu  : 

Non  hominum  video,  non  ego  facta  bourn. 
Omne  latus  terrae  cingit  uiare.     Navita  nusquam ; 
Nulla  per  arnbiguas  puppis  itura  vias. 

8.  Occurrunt  animo  pereundi  mille  figurce  ; 

Morsque  minus  poenae,  quam  mora  mortis  habet. 
Jam,  jam  venturos  aut  hue,  aut  suspicor  iliac, 
Qui  lanient  avldo  viscera  dente,  lupos  : 

9.  Forsitan  et  f'ulvos  tellus  alat  ista  leones  ; 

Quis  scit  an  haec  seevas  tigridas  insula  habet  ? 
Et  freta  dicuntur  magnas  expellere  phocas. 
Quid  vetat  et  gladios  per  latus  ire  meum  ? 

10.  Si  mare,  si  terras,  pcrrectaque  litora  vidi, 

Multa  mihi  terras,  multa  minantur  aquae. 
Coelum  restabat :  timeo  simulacra  deorum. 
Destituor  rapidis  praeda  cibusque  feris. 

11.  Ergo  ego  nee  lacrymas  matris  moritura  videbo  ? 

Nee,  mea  qui  digitis  lumina  condat,  erit? 
Spiritus  infelix  peregrinas  ibit  in  auras  ? 
Nee  positos  artus  unget  arnica  manus  ? 

12.  Ossa  superstabunt  volucres  inhumata  marinae  ? 

Haec  sunt  officiis  digna  sepulcra  meis  ? 

Ibis  Cecropios  portus  ;  patriaque  receptus 

Cum  steteris  urbis  celsus  in  arce  tuae, 

13.  Et  bene  narraris  letum  taurique  virique, 

Sectaque  per  dubias  saxea  tecta  vias. 
Me  quoque  narrato  sola  tellure  relictam. 

Non  ego  sum  titulis  surripienda  tuis. 
Nee  pater  est  ^Egeus ;  nee  tu  Pittheidos  ./Ethree 

Filius:  auctores  saxa  fretumque  tui. 

14.  Di  facerent,  ut  me  summft  de  puppe  videres  ! 

Movisset  vultus  moesta  figura  tuos. 
Nunc  quoque  non  oculis,  sed,  qua  potes,  aspice  mente 

Haerentem  scopulo,  quern  vaga  pulsat  aqua. 
Aspice  demissos  lugentis  in  ore  capillos ; 

Et  tunicas  lacrymis,  sicut  ab  imbre,  graves. 

15.  Corpus,  ut  impulsse  segetes  Aquilonibus,  horret ; 

Literaque  articulo  pressa  tremente  labat. 
Non  te  per  meritum,  quoniam  male  cessit,  adoro ; 

Debita  sit  facto  gratia  nulla  meo ; 
Sed  nee  poena  quidem ;  si  non  ego  causa  salutis, 

Non  tamen  est,  cur  sis  tu  mihi  causa  necis. 


280  PROSODY CAESURA.  §  309 

16.   Has  tibi,  plangendo  lugubria  pectora  lassas, 

Infelix  tendo  trans  f'reta  longa  manus. 
Hos  tibi,  qui  superant,  ostendo  mcesta  capillos. 

Per  lacrymas  oro,  quas  tua  facta  movent, 
Flecte  ratem,  Theseu,  versoque  relabere  velo. 
Si  prius  occidero,  tu  tamen  ossa  leges. 


CAESURA. 

§  3O9.  Caesura  is  the  separation,  by  the  ending  of  a  word,  of 
syllables  rhythmically  or  metrically  connected. 

The  following  exercises  consist  of  lines  serving  to  illustrate  the 
different  kinds  of  cossura.  These  may  be  formed  into  hexameter  or 
pentameter  verses  by  changing  the  position  of  one  word  in  each 
line.  The  places  in  which  each  kind  of  ccesura  occurs  are  to  be 
marked. 

1.  Ipse  dei  clypeus  terra  ct\m  imd  tollitur, 
Mane  rubet ;  rubet  terraque,  cum  conditur  ima. 

2.  En,  proles  antiqua  redit ;  virtus,  concordia, 
Cumque  fide  pietas  cervice  altd  vagantur. 

3.  Robora  nee  cuneis,  olentem  scindere  et  cedrum, 
Nee  plaustris  cessant  vectare  ornos  gementibus. 

4.  Sponte  juvenco  tuus  florebit  ager  cessante ; 
Oblatas  mirabitur  incola  ditior  messes. 

5.  Non  propter  vitam  quidam  faciunt  patrimonia, 
Vitio  cseci,  scd  propter  patrimonia  vivunt. 

6.  Sol  fugit,  et  removent  subeuntia  coelum  nubila, 

Et  effusis,  gravis  decidit  imber,  aquis. 

7.  Quod  si  quis  monitis  aures  tardas  adverterit, 

Heu,  referet  quanto  mca  verba  dolore  ! 

8.  Arte  laboratfe  puppes  vincuntur  ab  aequore. 

Tu  tua  brachia  plus  remis  posse  putes  ? 

9.  Casta  placent  superis  ;  venite  puru  cum  veste, 

Et  manibus  puris  sumite  aquam  fontis. 

10.  Corpora  sive  flammA  rogus,  seu  tabe  vetustas 
Abstulerit,  posse  pati  non  ulla  mala  putetis. 

11.  Multa  dies,  variusque  mutabilis  sevi  labor, 
In  melius  retulit,  multos  alterna  revisens 
Lusit,  et  in  solido  fortuna  rursus  locavit. 


§309.  PROSODY C.ESURA.  281 

12.  Alternis  idem  cessare  tonsas  novales, 

Et  patiere  segnem  situ  durescere  campum ; 
Aut  ibi  flava,  mutato  sidere,  seres  farra. 

13.  Lucus  erat  nunquam  violatus  ab  longo  8BVO, 
Obscurutn  aera  cingens  connexis  ramis, 

Et  gelidas  umbras,  alte  summotis  solibus. 

14.  Interea  colat  pax  arva  ;  pax  Candida  primum 

Duxit  sub  juga  curva  araturos  boves. 
Nitent  pace  bidens  vomerque  ;  at  tristia  duri 
Militis  situs  in  tenebris  occupat  arrna. 

15.  Non  domus  et  fundus,  non  acervus  sens  et  auri 
Deduxit  asgroto  domini  corpore  febres, 

Non  animo  curas.     Oportet  valeat  possessor, 
Si  uti  comportatis  rebus  bene  cogitat. 

16.  Hie  sades  augusta  deae,  colendi  templique 
Silex  religiosa,  densis  quam  pinus  obumbrat 
Frondibus,  et  procelhi  nulla  lucos  agitante, 
Kami  stridula  conifer!  modulantur  carmina. 


The  lines  in  the  exercises  which  follow  may  also  be  formed  into 
verses  by  changing  the  arrangement  of  the  words.  The  words  print- 
ed in  Italics  are  compound  words,  which  must  be  divided,  and, 
in  one  instance,  a  part  is  to  be  placed  at  the  beginning  of  the 
next  line. 


1.  Ego  non  falsa  loquar  :  ter  acutum  ensem  sustulit, 

Ter  recidit  manus  male  sublato  ense. 

2.  Sed  timor  obstitit  et  pietas  ausis  crudelibus, 

Castaque  dextra  refugit  maiidatum  opus. 

3.  Cor  pavet  admonitu  noctis  sanguine  temeratse, 

Et  subitus  tremor  praepedit  ossa  dextrce. 

4.  Postque  tacitus  venit,  circumdatus  fuscis  alis, 

Somnus,  et  vana  somnia  incerto  pede. 

5.  Aures  vacent  lite,  insanaque  protinus  absint 

Jurgia  :  livida  lingua,  differ  tuum  opus. 

6.  Navita  non  moritur  fluctu,  non  miles  cuspide  : 
Oppida,  immunia  funerei  lethi,  pollent. 

7.  Iliados  cantabitur  conditor,  atque  M.ironis 
Altisoni  carmina,  facientia  palmam  dubiam. 

8.  Quacunque  so  medio  agmine  virgo  furens  tulit, 
Hac  Aruns  subit,  et  tacitus  lustrat  vestigia. 

24* 


PROSODY CAESURA.  §309 

9.   Tune  genitum  Maia,  qui  reportet  fervida  dicta, 
Imperat  acciri.     Cylenius  ales  astitit, 
Quatiens  somniferam  virgam,  tectusque  galero. 

10.  Atlantiades  paret  dictis  genitoris,  et  inde 
Surntna  pedum  propere  illigat  plantaribus  alls, 
Obnubitque  comas,  et  galero  astra  temperat. 

11.  Principio,  mirantur  non  reddere  mare  majus, 
Nat.uram,  quo  sit  aquarum  tantus  decursus, 
Quo  veniant  omnia  flumina  ex  omni  parte. 

12.  Jamque,  surgens  per  confinia  emeriti  Phcebi, 
Titanis,  late  subvecta  silenti  mundo, 
Tenuaverat  gelidum  aera  rorifera  biga 

13.  Tale  tuum  carmen  nobis,  poeta  divine, 

Quale  fessis  in  gramine  sopor ;  quale  per  aestum 
Restinguere  sitim  saliente  rivo  dulcis  aquae. 

14.  Ut  sylvae  mutantur  foliis  in  pronos  annos, 
Prima  cadunt;  ita  vetus  a.'tas  verborum  interit, 
Et  inodo  nata  florent  vigentque  ritu  juvenum. 

15.  Hie  radiant  flores,  et  viva  voluptas  prati, 
Variata  suo  ingenio ;  illic  fulgentibus 

Toris  strata  surgunt;  hie  mollis  herba  panditur, 
Non  abruptura  soporem  solicitum  curis. 

16.  Quod  caret  alterna  requie,  non  est  durabile. 

Hrec  reparat  vires,  novat  fessaque  membra. 
Arcus  et  anna  tuac  Dianae  sunt  imitanda  tibi ; 
Si  tendere  nunquam  cesses,  erit  mollis. 

17.  ^Equorece  aquae  miscentur;  aether  caret  ignibus, 
Caecaque  nox  tenebris  hyemisque  suisque  premitur. 
Tamen  discutiunt  has,  praebentque  lumen  micantia 
Fulmina  :  undse  ardcscunt  fulmineis  ignibus. 

18.  Movit  et  eoos  recessus  fama  bellorum, 
Qua  Ganges  colitur,  qui  solus  in  toto  orbe 
Solvere  ostia  contraria  nascenti  Phcebo, 
Audet  et  impellit  fluctus  in  adversum  Eurum. 

19.  Hie  purpureum  ver;  hlc  circumfundit  flumina  varies 

humus  flores ;  hlc  Candida  populus  antro 

Jmminet;  et  lentse  vites  texunt  umbracula. 

Hue  ades  :  sine  insani  fluctus  feriant  litora. 

20.  Dixerat :  ille  pennas  madidantes  novo  nectare 
Concutit,  et  maritat  glebas  foecundo  rore. 

Quaque  volat,  vernus  color  sequitur ;  in  herbas  omnis 
Turget  humus,  medioque  patent  sereno  convexa. 


305.          PROSODY SYNAL^SPHA    AND    ECTHLIPSIS.  283 


SYNAL^EPHA   AND  ECTHLIPSIS. 

§  3O5.  1.  A  final  vowel  or  diphthong  is  cut  off  in  scanning, 
when  the  following  word  begins  with  a  vowel.  This  is  called 
synalsepha. 

2.  Final  m,  with  the  preceding  vowel,  is  cut  off,  when  the  fol- 
lowing word  begins  with  a  vowel.  This  is  called  ecthlipsis. 


The  exercises  which  follow  are  designed  to  exemplify  the  obser- 
vations on  caesura,  as  well  as  the  remarks  in  §  305  and  §  306.  The 
introduction  of  synalaepha  or  ecthlipsis  will  not  therefore  be  sufficient 
to  form  them  into  verses,  without  a  change  in  the  position  of  the 
words.  The  sentences  in  English  are  intended  to  be  translated  into 
Latin  verse,  by  an  application  of  the  rules  of  syntax,  as  well  as  of 
prosody,  to  the  corresponding  words  in  Latin,  which  follow  them  : 
in  these  exercises  a  change  in  the  arrangement  of  the  words  is  not 
necessary. 

1.  Nempe  sylva  inter  varias  nutritur  columnas, 
Laudaturque  domus,  qus  prospicit  longos  agros. 

2.  Vivite  felices,  et  vivite  memores  nostri, 

Sive  erimus,  seu  fata  volent  nos  fuisse. 

3.  Non  pigeat  agnamve  fetumve  capellse  sinu, 

Oblita  matre  desertwm,  referre  domum. 

4.  Regumque  ducumque  res  gestse,  et  tristia  bella, 
Homerus  monstravit  quo  numero  possent  scribi. 

5.  Addictus  jurare  in  verba  nullius  magistri, 
Deferor  hospes,  quocunque  tempestas  rapit  me. 

6     Post  ver,  robustior  annus  transit  in  sestatem, 

Fitque  valens  juvenis  :  enim  neque  robustior  aetas 
Ulla  nee  uberior,  nee  ulla  est,  quse  rnagis  sestuet. 

7.  At  nisi  pectus  purgatum  est,  quse  praelia  nobis  ! 
Turn  scindunt  hominem  cupidinis  quantse  acres 
Cursa  solicitum  !  quantique  timores  perinde  ! 

8.  Poma  quoque,  utprimum  senscre  valentes  truncos, 
Et  habuere  suas  vires,  raptirn  ad  sidera 
Nituntur  propria  vi,  haud  indiga  nostrae  opisque. 

9.  HSBC  loca  certe  deserta  et  taciturna  querenti, 

Et  aura  Zephyri  possidet  vacuum  nemus. 


284  PROSODY  SYNALvEPHA    AND    ECTHLIPSIS.         §  305 

Hie  licet  impune  proferre  occultos  dolores, 
Si  modo  saxa  sola  queant  tenere  fidem. 

10.  Nee  inclementia  rigidi  coeli  conterret  eum, 

Nee  frigida  vis  Boreae,  minae  hyemisque. 
Statim  axe  verso,  quin  exit  protinus  in  auras, 
Ut  ferat  leeta  nuncia  instantis  veris. 

11.  Dissensuque  rumor  alitur;  ceu  murmurat  alti 
Pelagi  impacata  quies,  cum,  fracto  flamine, 
Adhuc  durat  sssvitque  tumor,  per  dubiumque  aestum 
Lassa  vestigia  recedentis  venti  fluitant. 

12.  Aut  si  fata  movent,  paratur  orbi  generique 
Humano  lues  matura;  dehiscent  terraene, 
Subsidentque  urbes  ?  an  fervidus  aer  toilet  temperiem? 
infida  tellus  negabit  segetes  ? 

13.  Utque,  viribus  sumtis  in  cursu,  solent  ire 
Pectore  in  arma  prsetentaque  tela  feri  leones ; 
Sic  ubi  unda  admiserat  se  ventis  coortis, 

In  arma  ratis  ibat,  erat  multoque  altior  illis. 

14.  Tune  poles  audire  murmura  vesani  ponti  fortis? 

et  potes  jacere  in  dura  nave  ? 

Tu  fulcire  positas  pruinas  teneris  pedibus  ? 
Tu,  Cynthia,  potes  ferre  insolitas  nives  ? 

15.  Q,ualis  ubi  Boreas  erupit  ab  Arctois  antris, 
Perverrens  aerios  campos  rapido  turbine, 

It  ferus  coelo,  et  insequitur  piceas  nubes  toto  cethere, 
dant  victa  locum  et  cedunt  cava  nubila. 

16.  Sunt  dulces  herbce  ;  sunt,  qua?  mitescere  fiamma 
Mollirique  queant :  nee  lacteus  humor  eripitur  vobis, 
nee  mella  redolentia  florern  thymi. 

Prodiga  tellus  suggerit  divitias  alimentaque  mitia  ; 
atque  prsebet  epulas  sine  csede  et  sanguine. 


17.    And  now  ambassadors  came  from  the  city  of  Latinus,  Crowned 
with  branches  of  olive,  and  supplicating  favor. 

Jamque  orator  adsum  ex  urbs  Latinus, 
Velatus  ramus  o]ea,  veniaque  rogans. 


18.  Scarcely  had  the  next  rising  day  fringed  the  tops  of  the  moun- 
tains with  light,  When  first  from  the  deep  ocean  the  horses  of  the 
sun  raise  themselves,  And  breathe  forth  the  light  of  day  from  their 
panting  notrils. 

Posterus  vix  summus  spargo  lumen  mons 
Ortus  dies,  cum  primum  altus  sui  gurges  toUo 
Sol  equus,  luxque  elatus  naris  efflo. 


§  306.  PROSODY SYN^ERESIS,    SYNCOPE,    &C.  285 

SYN^RESIS,   SYNCOPE,  AND   APOCOPE. 

§  306.  Two  vowels  which  are  usually  separated,  are  some- 
times contracted  into  one  syllable.  This  is  called  synseresis. 

§  322,  4.  Syncope  is  the  omission  of  a  letter  or  syllable  in 
the  middle  of  a  word. 

7.  Apocope  is  the  omission  of  the  final  letter  or  syllable  of  a 
word. 

The  contraction  of  one  word,  at  least,  in  each  of  the  following  exer- 
cises is  necessary,  in  order  to  form  them  into  verses.  The  exercises, 
which  are  not  translated,  require  a  change  in  the  position  of  the  words, 
but  in  the  English  exercises  this  alteration  of  the  arrangement  will  not 
be  found  necessary. 

1.  Rure  levis  apis  ingerit  flores  verno  alveo, 

lit  sedula  compleat  favos  dulci  melle. 

2.  Praetereo  sapiens  argentea  :  periculum  tolle, 
Jam  vaga  natura  prosiliet  fraenis  remotis. 

3.  Super  quse  ipse  jacens,  more  hirsuti  leonis, 
Visceraque,  et  carnes,  ossa  oblisisque  medullis, 
Senuanimesque  artus,  condebat  in  avidam  alvum. 

4.  Agros  purgamus,  agrestes  purgamus,  dii  patrii; 

Vos  pellite  mala  de  nostris  limitibus. 
Neu  seges  herbis  fallacibus  eludat  messem ; 
Neu  segnior  agna  timeat  celeres  lupos. 

5.  Cum  conditor  urbis  digereret  tempora,  in  anno 

Suo  constituit  bis  quinque  menses  esse. 
Romule,  scilicet  not/eras  arma  magis  quam  sidera; 
Curaque  major  erat  vincere  finitimos. 

6.  Caprificus  findit  marmora  Messalas,  et  audax 

Mulio  ridet  dimidios  equos  Crispi. 
At  nee  furta  nocent  chartis,  et  prosunt  saecula, 
Solaque  haec  monumenta  non  noverunt  mori, 

7.  Perpetuoque  comans  oliva  jam  deflorescit; 

Et  perosa  diva  fugit  cerisonam  tubam : 
Io  fugit  terris,  et  jam  virgo  non  ultima 
Creditur  justa  volavisse  ad  superas  domos. 

8.  Tu  mihi,  current!  ad  Candida  praescripta  supremse  callis, 

spatiurn  praemonstra,  Calliope,  callida  musa, 

requies  hominum,  dicorumque  voluptas  j 

Ut  capiam,  te  duce,  coronam  cum  insigni  laude. 

9    Hie  saucius  pectus  gravi  vulnere  venantium, 

Turn  demum  arma  movet  leo ;  gaudetque  comantea 


286  PROSODY SYNTHESIS,    SYNCOPE,  &-C.  $322. 

Toros  cervice  excutiens,  latronis  fixumque 
Telum  impavidus  frangit,  et  ore  cruento  fremit. 

10.  Then  was  life  sweet  to  me  ;  nor  had  I  any  knowledge  of  cruel 
Arms,  nor  heard  with  a  trembling  heart  the  trumpet's  sound. 

Tune  ego  vita  foret  dulcis  ;   nee  tristis  riovissem 
Arma,  nee  audivissem  cor  micans  tuba. 

11.  Forcible,  and  perspicuous,  and  very  much  resembling  a  limpid 
stream,  He  will  pour  out  his  treasures  and  enrich  Latium  with  a  copi- 
ous language. 

VeAcmens,  et  liquidus,  purusque  simillimus  amnis, 
Fundo  opes,  Latiumque  beo  dives  lingua. 

12.  Why  is  any  man  in  want,  who  has  not  deserved  poverty,  while 
you  are  rich  ?     Why  are  the  ancient  temples  of  the  gods  falling  to 
ruins?     Why,  O  wicked  man,  Do  you  not,  for  your  dear  country,  take 
something  from  so  great  a  hoard  ? 

Cur  egeo  indignus  quisquam,  te  divite  ?     Quare 
Templum  ruo  antiquus  deus  ?     Cur,  improbus,  carus 
Non  aliquis  patria  tantus  emetior  acervus  ? 

13.  Then  Mercury  took  in  his  hand  the  wand,  by  which  he  had 
been  accustomed  to  chase  away  sweet  Dreams,  and  to  bring  them 
back  again  ;  by  which  he  had  been  wont  to  enter  the  gloomy  Regions 
of  the  dead,  and  again  to  animate  lifeless  shades. 

Turn  dextra  virga  insero,  qui  pello  dulcis 
Aut  suadeo  iterum  somnus,  qui  niger  subeo 
Tartara,  et  exanguis  animo  assuesco  umbra. 

14.  The  Zephyrs  had  heard  the  voice  and  the  sighs  of  the  complain- 
ing shepherd,  And   the  winds  sighed  with  him  in  mournful  sounds: 
The   river  had   heard  him,  and  an  echoing  murmur  to  his  murmurs 
The  water  returned,  and  a  complaint  to  his~coinplaints. 

Audio  Zephyrus  vox  gemitusque  dolens, 

Et  mcestus  ventus  congemo  sonus  : 
Audio  rivus,  resonusque  ad  murmur  murmur, 

Et  queslus  ad  questus,  ingemino  aqua. 

15.  Streams  of  silver  flow  over  the  verdant  plains;  The  sand,  richer 
than   Hesperian    Tagus,  appears   as   gold.     Through    the   odoriferous 
riches  the  gentle  air  of  the  Zephyr  breathes,  A  dewy  air,  springing  up 
among  innumerable  roses. 

Flumen  vernans  lambo  argenteus  campus; 

Ditior  Hesperius,  flaveo  arena,  Tagus. 
Serpo  odoriferus  per  opes  levis  aura  Favonius, 

Aura,  sub  innumerus,  humidus,  natus  rosa. 

16.  Then  the  poet,  rejoicing  in  the  prosperous  state  of  his  country, 
Sought  again    the    harmonious    strings   of  his    neglected    lyre ;    And 
having  attuned  with  a  slender  quill  its  idle  strings,   He  swept  the 
renowned  instrument  of  ivory  with  a  joyful  hand. 


§  306.  PROSODY  DIURESIS,    EPENTIIESIS,    &/C.  287 

Turn,  patria  festus  Icetatus  tempus,  vates 

Desuetus  repeto  filurn  canorus  lyra ; 
Et,  reses  lenis  modulatus  pecten  nervus 

Pollex  festivus  nobilis  duco  ebur. 

17.  Have  you  seen  (surely  you  often  see)  that  the  drooping  lilies 
wither,  Which  a  shower  of  rain  beats  down  ?     Thus  did  she  waste 
away  with  a  slow  disease,  thus  did  she  grow  pale,  Her  last  day  now 
drawing  near  its  end. 

Videone  (quin  ssepe  video)  ut  languidus  marceo 

Lilium,  qui  praegravo  irnber  aqua  ? 
Lentus  sic  pereo  tabum,  sic  palleo  ille, 

Ad  finis  extremus  jam  properans  dies. 

18.  The  ship,  weighed    down   by  the    slaughter  of  the  men,  and 
filled  with  much  blood,  Receives  frequent  blows  on  its  curved  side  : 
But  after  it  let  in  the  sea  at  its  leaking  joints,  Filled  to  its  highest 
parts,  it  sunk  in  the  waves. 

Strages  vir  cumulatus  ratis,  multusque  cruor 
Plenus,  per  obliquus  creber  latus  accipio  ictus  • 
At  postquam  ruptus  pelagus  compages  haurio, 
Ad  summus  repletus  forus,  descendo  in  unda. 

19.  He  admires  at  a  distance  the  arms  and  empty  chariots  of  heroes. 
Their  spears  stand  fixed  in  the  ground,  and  at  liberty  in  different  places 
Through  the  plains  their  horses  feed :  that  care  of  their  chariots  And 
of  their  arms,  which   they  had  when  alive,  that  care  their  shining 
Horses  to  train  up,  the  same  follows  them,  though  interred  in  the  earth. 

Arma  procul  currusque  vir  miror  inanis. 
Sto  terra  defixus  hasta,  passimque  solutus 
Per  campus  pascor  equus  :  qui  gratia  currus 
Armaque  fuit  vivus,  qui  cura  nitens 
Pasco  equus,  idem  sequor  tellus  repositus. 


DIAERESIS,   EPENTIIESIS,   AND   PARAGOGE. 

§  3O6,  2.  A  syllable  is  often  divided  into  two  syllables.  This 
is  called  diaeresis. 

§  322,  3.  Epenthesis  is  the  insertion  of  a  letter  or  syllable  hi 
the  middle  of  a  word. 

6.  Paragoge  is  the  addition  of  a  letter  or  syllable  to  the  end  of 
a  word. 

Besides  the  introduction  of  one  of  the  preceding  figures  into  each 
of  the  following  exercises,  the  arrangement  of  the  words  must  be 
changed  ;  in  the  exercises  which  are  translated,  this  change  may  be 
confined  to  one  word  only  in  each  line. 

1.    Libabant  pocula  Bacchi  in  medio  aulce^ 

Dapibus  impositis  auro,  tenebant  paterasque. 


288  PROSODY  -  DIAERESIS,    EPENTHESIS,   &C.          §306. 

2.    Si  nulla  copia  lymphse  finiret  sitim  tibi, 

Narrares  medicis  ;  quod  paravisti  (sync.)  quanto  plura. 
Cupis  tan  to  plura,  nullirie  audes  /a 


3.  Ilia  est  audax  malo.     Stabant  cum  atris  vestibua 
Ante  toros  fratrum  sorores,  crine  demisso  : 
Una  e  quibus,  trahens  tela  haerentia  viscere, 
Moribunda  relanguit  ore  imposito  fratri. 

4.  Atque  hie  legates  remissos  ex  .(Etola  urbe, 
Jubet  fari,  quse  referant;  et  reposcit  responsa, 
Cuncta  suo  ordine.     Turn  silentia  facta  linguis, 
Et  Venulus  parens  dicto  ita  infit/art. 

5.  Hsec  proeterea  duo  oppida  disjectis  muris, 
Vides  reliquias  veterumque  virorum  monuments,. 
Hanc  pater  Janus  condidit,  hanc  urbem  Saturnus  j 
Janiculuin  fuerat  nomen  huic,  illi  Saturnia. 

6.  Quassae  puppes  ducuntur  in  cava  navalia, 

Ne  temere  dissolvantur  in  mediis  aquis. 
Ne  cadat,  et  inhonestet  multas  palmas  adeptas, 

Languidus  equus  carpit  gramina  in  pratis. 
Miles,  ut  non  est  satis  utilis  emeritis  annis, 
Ponit  ad  antiques  Lares  arma,  qusa  tulit. 

7.  Qualis  ubi  nimbus  sidere  abrupto  ad  terras 

It  per  medium  mare,  heu,  preescia  longe  miseris 
Agricolis  corda  horrescunt  ;  ille  dabit  ruinas 
Arboribus  stragemque  satis,  late  ruet  omnia. 
Venti  antevolant,  ferunt  sonitumque  ad  litora. 
Rhceteus  ductor  talis  in  adversos  hostes. 

8.  Urbs  quoque  et  tutela  tuarum  legum  lassat  te, 

Et  morum,  quos  cupis  esse  similes  tuis. 
Nee  otia,  quse  prsestas  gentibus,  contingunt  tibi  ; 

Bellaque  irrequieta  geris  cum  multis. 
In  hoc  pondere  tantarum  rerum,  mirer  igitur 
Te  unquam  evolvisse  nostros  jocos. 

9.   Ivory  surrounds  the  courts  ;  the  roof  is  rendered  firm  by  brazen 
beams  j  And  ores  rise  up  into  lofty  columns. 

Atrium  cingo  ebur  ;  trabs  solido  CBS  culmen  ; 
-  et  in  celsus  columna  surgo  electrum. 


And 


10.  It  was  night,  and  through  all  the  lands,  the  wearied  animals, 
nd  the  race  of  birds  and  of  cattle,  deep  sleep  held  fast. 


Sum  nox,  et  terra  animal  fessus  per  omnis, 
Ales  pecusque  genus,  altus  sopor  habeo. 


11.    For  the  cautious  wolf  shuns  the  pitfall,  and  the  hawk  The  sus- 
pected snares,  and  the  kite  the  concealed  hook. 

Enim  cautus  metuo  fovea  lupus,  accipiterque 
Laqueus  suspectus,  et  opertus  milTus  hamus. 


§  323.  PROSODY ENALLAGE.  289 

12.  If  the  fates  would  suffer  me  to  pass  my  life  agreeably  to  my 
own  wishes,  And  to  relieve  my  cares  in  my  own  way,  I  would  first 
renew  the  Trojan  city  and  the  beloved  remains  of  my  countrymen ; 
The  lofty  towers  of  Priam  should  still  stand. 

Ego  si  fatum  meus  patior  duco  vita  auspicium, 

et  meus  sponte  compono  cura, 

Urbs  Trojanus  primilm  meus  dulcisque, 

Colo  reliquiae  ;  Priamus  tectum  altus  maneo. 


ENALLAGE,  OR  VARIATION  OF  WORDS. 

In  the  composition  of  Latin  verse,  it  will  often  be  found  necessary 
not  only  to  change  the  prosaic  arrangement  of  the  words,  but  to  sub- 
stitute for  some  of  the  expressions,  other  phrases  of  the  same  signifi- 
cation, but  of  different  length  and  quantity.  In  the  following  exercises, 
the  blanks  are  to  be  filled  by  a  word  in  the  preceding  line. 

§  3£3?  3.  Enallage  is  a  change  of  words,  or  a  subsitution  of 
one  gender,  number,  case,  person,  tense,  mood,  or  voice  of  the 
same  word  for  another. 

The  plural  number  is  sometimes  used  instead  of  the  singular  ; 
adjectives  instead  of  adverbs ;  possessive  adjectives  instead  of 
genitives,  and  genitives  instead  of  possessive  adjectives;  partici- 
ples instead  of  verbs,  relatives  and  verbs,  or  conjunctions  and 
verbs ;  compound  instead  of  simple,  and  simple  instead  of  com- 
pound words ;  a  word  or  words  repeated  instead  of  a  conjunc- 
tion; neuter  verbs  instead  of  sum;  sum  instead  ofhabeo;  a  passive 
instead  of  an  active  voice  ;  or  an  impersonal  verb  instead  of  a 
neuter  verb  with  a  nominative. 

Singular  and  Plural. 

1.  Time  passes  on  ;  and  we  in  the  silently  fleeting  years  grow  old  } 
And  the  days  speed  away,  no  curb  restraining  them. 

Tempus  labor  ;  tacitusque  senesco  annus ; 
Et  fugio,  non  frasnum  remorans,  dies. 

2.  My  father  sways  the  sceptre  of  Asia,  than  which  there  is  not  a 
happier  land,    Scarcely    is    it    possible    to   pass    over   its    extensive 
boundaries. 

Sceptrum  parens  Asia,  qui  nullus  beatior  ora, 
Finibus  immensis  vix,  teneo,  obeunda. 

3.  Jove  had  nodded  his  assent ;  each  pole  was  made  to  tremble  by 
his  nod;  And  Atlas  felt  the  weight  of  the  heaven. 

Jupiter  annuo;  tremefactus  uterque  nutus 
Sum  polus  j  et  co3lum  pondus  sentio  Atlas. 
25 


290  PROSODY  ENALLAGE.  §  323. 

4.  If  there  was  any  one,  who  to  chaplets  made  of  the  flowers  of 
the  field  Could  add  violets,  he  was  considered  rich. 

Si  quis  sum,  factus  pratum  de  flos  corona 
Qui  addo  possum  viola,  dives  sum. 

5.  He  shall  give  you  wine,  made  on  those  mountains,  From  which 
he  himself  came,  under  the  brow  of  which  he  has  played. 

Hie  tu  vinum  do,  diffusus  in  mons  ille, 
A  qui  ipse  venio,  qui  ludo  sub  vertex. 

6.  My  mother  held  me  fast,  and  added  also  these  words  with  her 
rosy  lips ;    "O  my  son,    what  great   provocation    thus   excites   your 
ungoverned   anger  ?     Why   are  you  thus   enraged  ?    or  whither   has 
your  regard  for  me  fled  ?  " 

Contineo,  roseusque  ore  hie  insuper  addo  ; 

"  Natus,  quis  indomitus  tantus  dolor  excito  ira  ? 

Quid  furo  ?  aut  quonam  ego  tibi  cura  recedo  ?  " 

7.  All   the   grove   is    shattered ;   the  storms  tear   off  the   ancient 
Branches  of  the  trees;  and  though  for  ages  penetrated  by  no  San,  the 
bowers  of  shady  Lycoeus  have  been  laid  open. 

Omnis  nemus  frangor ;  rapio  antiquus  procella 
Brachia  sylva;  nullusque  aspectus  per  (Evum 
Sol,  umbrosus  pateo  sestiva  Lycseus. 

8.  There  let  the  spices,  which  fertile  Panchaia  sends  forth,  And  the 
Eastern  Arabians,  and  rich  Assyria,  And  there  also  let  tears  be  poured 
forth  in  remembrance  of  me.     Thus  do  I  wish  verses  to  be  composed 
on  my  remains. 

Illuc  merx,  qui  mitto  pinguis  Panchaia, 

Eousque  Arabes,  et  Assyria  dives, 
Et  ego  memor  lacrymse  fundor  eodem. 
Sic  ego  componor  velirn  versus  in  os. 

9.  Seek,  O  master  of  the  feast,  for  other  guests,  Whom  the  regal 
splendors  of  your  table    may  captivate.     Me  let  my  friend  invite  to 
meals  that  are  quickly  dressed.     That  feast  only  pleases  me,  which  I 
am  able  to  give  in  return. 

Conviva  alins,  ccena,  quaero,  magister, 

Qui  mensa  regnum  superbus  tuus  capio. 
Ego  meus  amicus  ad  subitus  invito  ofella. 

Hie  ego  placeo,  qui  possum  reddo,  coena. 

10.  His   natal  day  is  come,  let  us  utter  before  the  altars  propitious 
words.     Thou,  O  man,  and  thou,  O  woman,  whosoever  thou  art  that 
drawest  near,  refrain  from  every  adverse  sound.     Let  sacred  incense 
be  burned;  let  the  odors  be  burned,  Which  the  soft  Arabians  send 
from  their  fertile  land. 

Bonus  verbum  dico,  venio  natalis,  ad  ara. 

Quisquis  adsum,  vir  mulierque,  linguft  fave. 
Uror  pius  thus  focus  :  uror  odor, 

Qui  tener  e  terra  dives  mitto  Arabs. 


§  323.  PROSODY ENALLAGE.  291 

11.  I  desire  not  riches,  nor  yet  would  T  be  so  meanly  poor,  That  a 
rich  man  may  disdain  to  enter  my  house.     May  a  friendly  circle  also, 
before  my  spacious  fire,  Delight  to  beguile  with  me  the  dulness  of  a 
winter  night  with  amusing  tales. 

Divitiae  non  peto,  nee  sum  tam  sordide  egenus, 

Nauseo  ut  dives  tcctum  subeo  meus. 
Quin  egocum  historia  ad  largus  ignis  circulus 

Decipio  hybernus  t&dium  nox  amo. 

12.  Lo,  my  locks  lie  dishevelled  without  order  on  my  neck,  Nor  do 
glittering  jewels  encircle  my  joints  ;  I  am  clothed  in  a  miserable  dress ; 
no  gold  is  in  my  tresses;  My  hair  is  not  perfumed  with  Arabian  dew. 

Ecce  collum  sparsus  sine  lex  capillus  jaceo, 
Nee  premo  articulus  lucidus  gemma  meus  : 

Vestis  tego  vilis ;  nullus  sum  aurum  in  crinis ; 
Non  Arabus  meus  ros  capillus  oleo. 


Adjective  and  Adverb. 

13.  You  spend  your  quiet  hours  of  leisure  delightfully  at  home ; 
your  sweet  Children  smile  around  you,  and  run  to  you  for  kisses. 

Lcetb  ago  securus  domesticus  otia ;  dulcis 
Arrideo  circum,  et  propero  ad  osculum  natus. 

14.  What  body  of  men,  O  citizens,  is  brought  hither  in  a  black 
cloud  of  dust  ?     Bring  arms  quickly,  furnish  darts,  mount  the  walls. 

Quis  globus,  O  civis,  ater  caligo  volvor  ? 

Fero  citd  ferrum,  (enall.)  do  telum,  scando  murus. 

15.  The  lands  produce  harvests,  when  by  the  heat  of  the  burning 
dog-star  The  earth  annually  yields  the  yellow  ears  of  corn. 

Rus  messis  fero,  calidus  cum  sidus  sestus 

Depono  flavus  quotannis  (annuus}  terra  coma. 

16.  But  the  ram  himself  in  the  meadows,  sometimes  with  sweetly 
glowing  Purple,  sometimes  with  yellow  dye,  shall  tinge  his  fleece. 

Tpse  sed  in  pratum  aries,  jam  suamter  rubens 
Murex,  jam  muto  vellus  (enall.)  croceus  lutum. 

17.  The  winds  being  changed  roar  in  an  opposite  direction,  And 
from  the  lowering  west  Spring  up ;    and  the  air  is  condensed  into  a 
cloud. 

Mutatus  transvers^.  fremo,  et  vesper  ab  ater 
Consurgo  ventus ;  atque  aer  in  nubes  cogor. 

18.  The  trees  also  appear  to  mourn,  their  leaves  being  gone,  And 
the  birds  do  not  sweetly  sing. 

Quinetiam  ramus  positus  lugeo  videor  frons, 
et  non  (nullus)  dulce  queror  avis. 


292  PROSODY ENALLAGE.  §323. 

19.  Plenty  relieves  not  his  hunger ;  parching  thirst  his  throat  Dries 
up ;  and  he  is  deservedly  tormented  by  the  now-hated  gold. 

Copia  non  fames  relevo ;  sitis  aridus  guttur 
Uro;  et  invisus  meritd  torqueor  ab  aurum. 

20.  Osiris  first  made  ploughs  with  a  skilful  hand,  And  turned  up 
the  soft  ground   with  iron.     He  first  committed  seeds  to  the  untried 
ground,  And  gathered  apples  from  trees  before  unknown. 

Primum  aratrum  manus  solers  facio  Osiris, 

Et  tener  humus  ferrum  solicito. 
Primum  inexpertus  committo  semen  terra, 

Pomumque  ab  non  notus  lego  arbos. 


Adjective  and  Substantive. 

21.  O  son  of  ^Eson,  fickle  and  more  inconstant  than  the  breeze  of 
spring,  Why  are  your  words  without  their  promised  weight  ? 

Mobilis  ^Esonide,  verisque  incertior  aura, 
Cur  tuus  verbum  pollicitus  pondus  careo? 

22.  At  a  fixed   hour  also  the  morning  leads   through  the  realms 
Ethereal  the  rosy  dawn,  and  diffuses  the  light  around. 

Tempus  item  certus  roseus  per  ora  Matuta 
JEthereus   aurora  defero,  et  lumen  (enall.)  pando. 

23.  Night  had  begun  to  bury  the  cares  of  men  in  her  deep  Bosom, 
and  sleep  had  spread  abroad  her  heavy  wings. 

Ccepi  hominum  altus  sopio  labor 

Nox  gremium,  pigerque  ala  sopor  diffundo. 

24.  But  neither  do  I  always  remain  confined  in  my  house  or  in  the 
city ;  Nor  does  the  vernal  season  pass  away  unenjoyed  by  me. 

Sed  neque  sub  tectum  semper,  nee  lateo  (enall.)  in  urbs; 
Irritus  nee  ego  (enall.)  tempus  (enall.)  vernus  eo. 

25.  Then  in  the  gate  with  his  mouth  encompassed  with  serpents 
black  Cerberus  Howls,  and  stands  as  a  sentinel  before  the  gates  of 
brass. 

Turn  niger  in  porta  serpentum  os  Cerberus  strido, 
et  eeris  excubo  ante  fores. 

26.  But  that  primitive  age,  to  which  we  have  applied  the  epithet 
golden,  Was  happy  in  the  fruits  of  trees  and  in  the  herbs,  which  the 
earth  produces ;  Nor  did  it  stain  the  mouth  with  blood. 

At  ille  vetus  aetas,  qui  facio  aurea  nomen, 
Foetus  arborum,  et,  qui  humus  educo,  herba, 
Fortunatus  sum;  nee  os  (enall.}  polluo  cruor. 

27.  Nor  does  she  believe  that  the  winter  uninjurious  destroys  not 
the  roses,  That  the  cold  months  of  the  year  are  gay  with  the  herbs 


§  323.  PROSODY ENALLAGE.  293 

of  other  months,  Nor  that  the  shoots  of  spring  fear  not  the  tempestu- 
ous Bootes. 

Nee  credo  quod  bruma  innoxius  rosa  servo, 

Quod  gelidus  alienus  rubeo  gramen  (enalL.)  mensis, 

Veris  nee  iratus  timeo  virgultum  Bootes. 

28.  The  father  and  the  husband  of  Lucre tia  pardon  the  deed,  which 
she  was  thus  compelled  to  commit.     "  The  pardon,"  said  she,  "which 
you  give  to  me,  1  myself  withhold."     There  was  no  hesitation  :  she 
instantly   pierces    her    breast   with  a  concealed   poniard,   And   falls, 
stained  with  blood,  at  her  father's  feet. 

Do  venia  factum  coacto  genitor  conjuxque. 

"  Qui,"  dico,  "  venia  tu  do,  ipse  nego." 
Nee  mora ;  figo  suus  pectus  (enall.)  celatus  ferrum, 
Et  cado  in  patris  sanguinolentus  pes. 

29.  I  do  not  ask  for  paternal  riches,  and  the  fruits  Which  a  treasured 
harvest  afforded  to  an  ancient  ancestor.     A  small   field  is  enough  for 
me  ;  it  is  enough  for  me  if  I  am  able  to  live  in  peace  in  my  cottage, 
And  to  rest  my  weary  limbs  on  my  accustomed  couch. 

Non  ego  divitifB  patrius  fructusque  require, 

Qui  fero  antiquus  avus  conditus  messis. 
Parvus  seges  satis  sum  ;  satis  sum  tectum  requiesco 

Si  licet,  et  solitus  torus  membrum  levo. 

30.  I  should  have  thought  that,  in  the  first  origin  of  the  rising  world, 
no  other  Days  had  shone,  or  had  any  other  temperature :  It  was  then 
spring;  spring  the  spacious  globe  enjoyed  ;  And  the  east  winds  with- 
held the  blasts  of  winter. 

Non  alius  primus  crescens  mundus  origo 
Illuceo  dies,  aliusve  tenor  habuisse, 
Credo  :  ver  ille  sum  ;  ver  magnus  orbis  ago; 
et  hyemis  parceo  flatus  Eurus. 

31.  Wherefore  take  courage,  for  neither  does  the  wisdom  of  the  De- 
ity Exercise  itself  in  vain,  nor  will  the  soul  be  bounded  by  those  Limits 
by  which  this  perishable  body  is  bounded ;  but,  freed  from  all  Earthly 
pollution,  it  flourishes,  and  shall  flourish  forever. 

Quare  sumo  animus ;  neque  enim  sapientia  Dei 
Opera  frustra  impendo,  neque  mens  arctor  iste 
Limes,  qui  hoc  corpus  periturus  ;  at  exsors 
Terrenus  labes  vigeo,  vigeo  ceternumque. 


Participle  and  Verb. 

32.   And  now  you  may  admire  the  barks  gliding  so  swiftly,  And  now 
the  vessels  passing  on  by  cords  so  slowly. 

Et  modo  tarn  celeriter  (enall.)  miror  currens  (in/in.)  linter, 
Et  modo  tarn  tarde  (enaZ/.)  funis  icns  ratis. 

25* 


294  PROSODY ENALLAGE.  §323. 

33.  Do  you  not  also  see  stones  reduced  to  nothing  by  time  ?     Do 
you  not  see  lofty  towers  falling,  and  rocks  mouldering  away  ? 

Denique  non  lapis  quoque  victus  cerno  ab  eevum  ? 
Non  altus  turris  ruens  et  jmtrescens  saxum  ? 

34.  Do  we  not  also  see  that  the  tombs  of  heroes  have  decayed  ?     Do 
we  not  see   flinty  fragments  falling  down,  separated  from   the   lofty 
mountains,  Neither  bearing  nor  resisting  the  mighty  force  of  time  ? 

Denique  non  monumentum  vir  (sync.)  dilabor  video  ? 

Non  ruens  avulsus  silex  a  mons  altus, 

Nee  validus  aevum  vis  (enall.)  perferens  patiensquef 

35.  His  cheeks  were  seized  with  paleness ;  with  a  face   as  though 
frozen,  he  stood,  Doubtful  whether  he  should  have  recourse  to  flight, 
or  supplicate  mercy  as  one  subdued,  Or  betake  himself  to  enemies  so 
great. 

Inficior  pallor  gena;  sto  os  gelatus, 

Incertus  petone  fuga.  veniave  posco  subactus, 

an  sese  transfero  in  tantus  hostis. 

36.  Now  the  vines  are  tied ;    now  the   vineyards  require  not  the 
pruning-hook  ;  Now  the  weary  vintager  sings  near  the  remotest  rows 
of  his  vines  ;  But  still  the  earth  must  be  turned  up,  and  the   mould 
moved  ;  And  still  the  weather  is  to  be  dreaded  by  the  ripening  grapes. 

Jam  vincior  vitis ;  jam  falx  arbustum  repono; 
Jam  effcetus  cano  extremos  vinitor  antes : 
Solicitandus  tamen  tellus,  movendus  pulvisque  ; 
Et  jam  metuendus  maturus  Jupiter  uva. 

37.  But  Julius  Proculus  was  coming  from  Longa  Alba,  And  the 
moon  was  shining,  neither  was  there  any  need  of  a  torch ;  When  the 
clouds  on  his  left  hand  were  heard  to  burst  asunder  with  a  sudden  mo- 
tion.    He  drew  back  his  steps  ;  his  hair  stood  erect  with  fear  ;  Splen- 
did, and  more  than  human,  and  adorned  with  a  royal  robe,  Romulus 
was  seen  standing  before  him  in  the  middle  of  his  path. 

Sed  Proculus  Alba  Longa  venio  Julius, 

Fulgeo  lunaque,  nee  fax  usus  sum  ; 
Cum  subitus  motus  sinister  nubes  crepuere. 

Refero  ille  gradus  ;  coma  (enall.)  horreoque ; 
Pulcher,  et  major  humanus,  trabeaque  decorus, 

Romulus  in  medius  visus  cst  adsum  via. 


Participle  and  Relative  and  Verb. 

38.  What  does  it  profit  to  rob  the  vine  of  the  grapes,  which  are  still 
growing  ?  And  to  pluck,  with  a  mischievous  hand,  the  apples  which 
are  just  formed*? 

Quid  fraudo  juvo  vitis,  qiuE  crescunt,  uva? 

Et,  mod6  qua  nata  sunt,  malus  vello  pomum  manus  ? 


§  323.  PROSODY ENALLAGE.  295 

39.  This,  at  least,  let  her  grant  to  me,  who  do  not  ask  many  things 
of  her,  And  let  her  cover  my  exposed  remains  with  cypress  leaves. 

Hie  ego  concede  saltern,  non  multus  qui  rogo, 
Nudusque  cupressinus  (enall.)  frons  tego  os 

40.  You  will  find  that  to  all  the  ships,  now  tossed  about  in  the  deep, 
The  sea  was  smooth  when  they  first  left  the  port. 

Omnes  invenio,  nunc  jactatus  in  altum, 
Navis  a  portu  fretum  lenis  sum. 

41.  Moreover  the  soul  asks  not  for  those  joys  which  are  fleeting, 
But   for   those  which  are  more  suitable  to  itself,  and  subject  to  no 
change ;  Joys  which,  through  eternal  ages,  will  never  perish. 

Gaudium  quinetiam  non  hie,  gutefugivnt,  posco, 
At  sui  magis  aptus,  vicis  (enall.}  obnoxius  nullus, 
Gaudium,  perpetuus  qiuz  non  interibunt  per  sevum  (enall.) 

42.  There  the  guilty  limbs  of  Ixion,  who  dared  to  tempt  Juno,  Are 
turned  continually    round  on  a  rapid  wheel :  And  Tityus,   stretched 
over  nine  acres  of  ground,  Feeds  with  his  loathsome  bowels  birds  that 
are  ever  preying. 

Illic  Juno  tento,  Ixion,  qui  ausus  est, 

Versor  celer  rota  noxius  membrum  : 
Porrectusque,  Tityus,  per  novem  juger  terra, 

Pasco  assiduus  ater  viscus  (enall.)  avis. 


Participle  and  Conjunction  and  Verb. 

43.  In  the  mean  while,  Aurora  to  wretched  mortals  the  fair  Light 
had  brought  forth,  and  renews  the  work  and  labors  of  the  day. 

Aurora  interea  mortalis  miser  almus 

Effero  lux,  et  referet  opus  (enall.)  atque  labor. 

44.  In  the  country  also  The  white  sheep  carries  on  her  back  the  soft 
fleece,  And  will  soon  afford  employment  to  the  youthful  maidens. 

Rus  etiam,  tener  cura  et  exhibclit  puella, 
Mollis  gero  tergum  lucida  ovis  vellus. 

45.  And  when  men  shall  let  loose  their  tongues  in  revilings  Against 
you,  and  asperse  your  names  with  false  Accusations,  rejoice,  and  with 
a  firm  mind  endure  it  all. 

Et  cum  mortalis  solvo  lingua  in  jurgia 
Vos  contra,  falsus  et  onerant  nomen  vester 
Crimen,  gaudeo,  ac  fero  firmus  pectus. 

46.  Now  the  flocks  and  the  birds  are  silent ;  now  sleep  Steals  on  the 
miser's  cares,  and  descending  passes  through  the  air,  And  brings  to  his 
wearied  mind  sweet  repose. 


296  PROSODY ENALLAGE.  §  323. 

Jam  pecus  volucrisque  taceo  ;  jam  avarus  (enall.)  somnus 

Inserpo  cura,  pronusque  nuto  per  aer, 

Gratus  laboratus  et  refert  oblivium  (enall.}  vita. 

47.  Alexander,  the  Macedonian,  weeps,  when  he  had  subdued  to 
himself  the  whole  world,  And  is  grieved  that  nothing  remains  to  be 
conquered  by  his  arms.  Xerxes  weeps,  because  of  all  his  multitudes 
of  soldiers  not  one,  When  the  next  age  shall  arrive,  not  one  will  be 
living.  O  Macedonian,  I  will  not  commend  your  tears  ;  your  humane 
sorrow  I  applaud,  O  Persian,  and  am  willing  to  weep  with  you. 

Macedo  fleo,  sui  totus  ubi  debello  orbis, 

Et  indignatur  anna  nihil  (sync.}  supersum  suus. 

Fleo  Xerxes,  quod  suus  de  rnille  nemo,  aetas, 
Proximus  cum  venio,  nemo  sum  superstes. 

Nolo  tuus  lacrymas,  Macedo  ;  ego  laudo  dolor 
Humanus,  et  tucum,  Persa,  volo  doleo. 


Simple  and  Compound. 

48.  Lucifer,   the  morning  star,  arose  above  the   mountain  Casius, 
And  ushered  in  the  day  to  Egypt,  glowing  with  the  rising  sun. 

Lucifer  prospicio  a  CasiA  rupe,  diesque 
Immitto  in  jEgyptus,  primus  quoque  sol  calens. 

49.  First  behold  the  oceans,  the  kingdoms,  and  the  heaven.     The 
same  day  shall  assign  them  all   to  destruction,  and,  though   through 
many  years  Preserved,  the  fabric  and  system  of  the  universe  shall 
perish. 

Principio  mare,  ac  terra,  coelumque  intueor. 
Dies  unus  do  exitium,  multusque  per  annus 
Sustentatus,  ruo  moles  et  mundus  machina. 

50.  The  gods  have  shown  you  to  us,  as  a  welcome  star  to  the  tossed 
vessel,  Which,  having  weathered  two  storms,  Is  still  beaten  by  the 
waves,  and  which,  its  pilot  being  baffled,  is  hurried  along  at  random. 

Tu  ego,  ceu  sidus  dulcis  trepidus  carina, 
Ostendo  deus,  geminus,  qui,  prolapsus  procella, 
Tundor,  et,  victus  magister,  trahor  jam  cnecus. 

51.  I  did  not,  when  a  child  in  my  early  years,  address  to  you,  O  my 
mother,  endearing  words,  Uttered  with  a  lisping  tongue.     1   did  not 
embrace  your  neck  with  my  infant  arms,  Neither  did  I   sit  a  pleasing 
burden  on  your  knee. 

Non  tu  blanditise,  meus  mater,  in  primus  annus, 

Incertus  os  dictus,  puella  fero. 
Non  ego  capto  tuus  collum  (enall.)  brevis  lacertus, 

Nee  gremium  insedeo  sarcina  gratus  tuus. 

52.  When,  therefore,  the  years,  as  they  gently  pass  away,  old  age 
Gradually  bring  on,  he  views    approaching    death  in    the    frame  of 


§  323.  PROSODY ENALLAGE.  297 

mind,  With  which  he,  who  has  been  tossed  about  with  long-continued 
tempests,  Holds  in  sight  a  port,  and  a  refuge  from  his  labors. 

Ergo  senectus  annus,  ut  labor  (enall.)  leniter, 
Cum  sensim/ero,  mors  iste  mens  propinquus 
Aspicio,  ut  longus,  qui,  actus  tempestas, 
Portus  teneo  in  conspectus,  effugiumque  malorum. 

53.  Thus  Boreas,  when  first  rising,  shakes  with  a  gentle  breeze  the 
waving  branches,  And  murmurs  through  the  quivering  Leaves;  soon 
becoming  fiercer,  he  blows  out  each  of  his  cheeks,  And  shakes  tha 
strong  trunks  of  the  trees  with  their  lofty  tops. 

Haud  aliter  lenis  flamen  nutans  ramus 

Surgens  agito  Boreas,  tremulusque  susurro 

Per  frons :  mox  bucca  uterque  inflo  animosior, 

Et  validus  quasso  truncus  cum  vertex  (enall.)  celsus. 

54.  Afterwards,  when  all  the  strength  of  Boreas  has  been  collected, 
and  a  greater  blast  Through  the  whole  wood  is  heard,  from  their  deep- 
est roots  The  ancient  oaks  on  the  ground  he  lays,  and  increases  the 
boisterous  storm,  And  covers  all  the  grove  with  an  extended  ruin. 

Post,  ubi  vis  (enall.)  colligor,  (enall.)  majorque  tumultus 
Pertotus  sylva  audior,  ab  radix  imus 
Prosterno  humi  antiquus  quercus,  rapidusque  procella 
Glomero,  latusque  impleo  nemus  omnis  ruina. 

55.  Mars  heard  these  words,  and  from  the  snowy  rocks  of  jErnus  He 
rises,  and  thus  with  a  loud  voice  urges  his  active  attendants  ;  "  Bring 
to  me,  O  Bellona,  my  helmet;   my  car,  O  Fear,  prepare;   let  Terror 
yoke  my  rapid  steeds." 

Audio  (sync.}  ille  pater,  nivales  scopulusque  ^Emus 
Jlssurgo,  et  hortor  celer  clamor  minister ; 
"  Affcro  galea,  Bellona,  ego  ;  nexusque  rotarum 
Tendo,  Pavor  ;  frceno  rapidus  jugalis  Formido." 

56.  A  bird,  fearing  the  hawk,  with  trembling  wings  Dares,  when 
weary,  to  come  for  refuge  to  a  human  bosom.     Nor  does  the  frightened 
stag,  when  flying  from  the  savage  dogs,  Hesitate  to  trust  herself  to  a 
neighboring  house. 

Aecipiter  metuens,  ales  penna  trepidans 

Audeo  humanus  fessus  advenio  sinus,  {enall.) 

Nee  sui  committo  vicinus  dubito  teetum 

Effugiens  (enall.}  infestus,  territus  cerva,  canis. 

57.  Remember  also  that  the  mind,  injured  by  long  rust,  Grows  dull, 
and  is  much  less  vigorous  than  it  formerly  was.     The  fertile  field,  if  it 
be  not  continually  renewed  by  the  plough,  Will  produce  nothing  but 
grass  with  thorns.     The  horse,  who  shall  have  stood  still  for  a  long 
time,  will  run  badly,  and  among  the  horses  Sent  from  the  starting- 
place,  will  run  last  in  the  race. 

Adde  quod  ingenium  Isesus  longus  rubigo 

Torpeo,  et  sum  multo  minor  quam  sum  ante. 
Fertilis,  si  non  renovor  assiduo  (enall.)  aratrum, 


PROSODY ENALLAGE.  §  323. 

Nihil  (sync.)  habeo,  nisi  cum  spina  gramen,  ager. 
Qui  longus  tempus  sto,  male  curro,  et  inter 

Career  (enall.)  demissus,  ultimo  (enall.)  eo  equus. 


Repetition  and  Conjunction. 

58.  Hope  supports  the  husbandmen,  and  commits  to  the  ploughed 
furrows  The  seeds,  which  the  land  may  return  with  a  great  increase. 

Spes  alo  agricola,  et  sulcus  credo  aratus 
Semen,  qui  reddo  magnus  foenus  ager. 

59.  The  spring  is  very  beneficial  to  the  leaves  of  the  groves  and  to 
the  woods.     In  the  spring  the  lands  swell  and  ask  for  the  genial  seeds. 

Ver  adeo  frons  (enall.)  nemus,  et  utilis  sylva : 
Ver  tumeo  terra  et  semen  genitalis  posco. 

60.  We  are  exploring  other  abodes  and  worlds.     An  ardent  desire  of 
being  carried  in  a  fearless  flight  through  the  vast  expanse  of  space 
Impels  us.     It  is  delightful,  O  it  is  delightful  to  go  among  the  shining 
worlds  In  the  air,  to  roam  over   the    wandering   stars  of  the   lofty 
heaven. 

Ego  sedes  alius  et  exquiro  orbis. 
Ego  feror  vastum  per  inane  impavidus  volatus 
Ingens  amor  urgeo.     Juvat,  O  juvat  eo  per  ignis 
^Etheris,  (enall.)  lustro  vagus  lumen  altus  ccelum. 

61.  But  now  I  wander  alone  through  the  woods  and  the  meadows, 
Where  the  sylvan  shades  are  thick  in  the  valleys.     Here  I  wait  for  the 
evening.     Above  my  head  the  rain  and  the  wind  Sound  mournfully, 
and  the  gloom  of  the  shattered  forest  is  disturbed. 

At  jam  solus  ager  et  pascuum  obcrro, 

Sicubi  ramosus  umbra  denser  vallis. 

Hie  expecto  serum.     Supra  caput  imber  et  Eurus 

Sono  triste,  fractusque  agitor  (enall.)  crepusculum  (enall.}  sylva. 

62.  A  race  temperate  and  sagacious,  industrious  and  provident,  How 
peacefully  and  wisely  do  the  bees  pass  their  life  !     They  have  among 
them  the  social  regulations  of  a  city ;  to  every  one  Is  appointed  his 
share  of  labors  and  his  duties. 

Gens  frugi  et  prudens,  providus  et  operosus,  vita 

Quam  placide  perago  ct  sapienter  apis  ! 
Urbs  habeo  consortium  (cnaU.)  inter  suisui ;  quique 

Sto  suus  pars  opus  et  munia. 

63.  Atlas  carries  the  world  on  his  strong  shoulders,  and  bent  double 
by  its  weight  Is  covered  with  sweat,  and   toils   under  the  immense 
burden.     What  sinews,  and  neck,  and  arms,  What  strong  joints  in  the 
legs,  must  so  heavy  a  load  require  !     O  go  on  warily,  for  if  the  least 
slip  Should  befall  your  steps,  we  are  all  lost. 


323.  PROSODY ENALLAGE.  299 

Robustus  fero  mundus  humerus,  et  sudo  pondus  curvus, 

et  ingens  moles  Atlas  laboro. 

Qui  nervus,  et  cervix,  ct  brachia,  crurum 

Quam  validus  nexus,  onus  tarn  gravis  posco  ! 
O  caute  incedas,  nam  minimus  si  tibi  lapsus 

Offendo  gressus,  ruo  (enall.)  omnia. 


Sum  and  Verb  Neuter. 

64.  Here,  where  Rome  now  is,  was  once  an  unlopped  grove,  And 
the  city  now  so  large  was  once  a  pasture-ground  for  a  few  oxen. 

Hlc,  ubi  mine  Roma  sum,  incseduus  sylva  sum  (vireo,) 
Tantusque  res  sum  paucus  pascuum  bos. 

65.  But  the  abode  of  the  wicked   lies  hidden  in  thick  darkness, 
Around  which  are  gloomy  rivers. 

At  sceleratus  (enall.)  jaceo  sedes  abditus  in  nox  profundus, 
qui  circum  flumen  niger  sum  (sono.) 

66.  Soon  also  distress  was  inflicted  on  the  corn,  so  that  noxious 
Mildew  consumed  the  stalks,  and  the  unfruitful  thistle   was  in  the 
fields.     The  standing  corn  dies,  and  a  rough  wood  succeeds. 

Mox  et  frumentum  (enall.)  labor  additus,  ut  culmus  malus 
Edo  rubigo,  segnisque  sum  (horreo)  in  arvum 
Carduus.     Seges  intereo,  (enall.')  subeo  asper  sylva. 


Sum  and  Habeo. 

67.  Not  if  I  had  a  hundred  tongues,  and  a  hundred  mouths,  And  a 
voice  of  iron,  could  I  mention  all  the  species  of  crimes,  Nor  enumer- 
ate all  the  names  of  their  punishments. 

Non  ego  si  linguas  centum  habeam,  oraque  centum, 

Ferrum  (enalL")  vocem,  omnis  comprehendo  (sync.)  scelus  forma, 

Possum  omnis  poana  percurro  nomen. 

68.  The  Naiad  Amalthea,  illustrious  in  Cretan  Ida,  is  said  to  have 
hidden  Jupiter  in  the  woods.     She  was  possessed  of  a  she-goat,  the 
beautiful  mother  of  two  kids,  Distinguished  among  the  Dictaean  flocks. 

Nais  Amalthea,  Cretasus  Ida  nobilis, 

Dicor  in  sylva  Jupiter  occulo. 
Hccc  habuit  haedus  matrcm  formosam  duo, 

Inter  Dictseus  grex  conspiciendam. 

69.  With  horns  lofty  and  bending  upon  her  back,  With  an  udder 
which  might  belong  to  the  nurse  of  Jupiter,  she  gave  milk  to  the  god> 
but  she  broke  her  horn  against  a  tree,  and  was  deprived  of  the  half 
part  of  her  beauty. 

Cornu  aerius  atque  in  suus  tergum  (enall.)  recurvus, 
Uber,  qui  nutrici  posset  esse  Jupiter, 


300  PROSODY ENALLAGE.  §  323. 

Ille  lac  do  deus  ;  sed  frango  in  arbor  cornu, 
Truncusque  sum  dimidius  pars  decus. 

70.  This  broken  horn  the  nymph  took  up,  and  brought  it  wound 
round  with  fresh  flowers  And  full  of  apples  into  the  presence  of  Ju- 
piter. He,  when  he  possessed  the  sovereignty  of  heaven,  and  sat  on 
the  throne  of  his  father,  And  nothing  was  greater  than  unconquered 
Jove,  Changed  into  stars  his  nurse  and  his  nurse's  fruitful  horn,  To 
which  even  now  is  applied  the  name  of  her  mistress. 

Nymphe  tollo  hie,  cinctusque  recens  herba, 
Et  pomum  plenus,  ad  Jupiter  os  (enall.)  fero. 

Ille,  ubi  res  (enall.}  coelum  teneo,  soliumque  pater  (enall.)  sedeo, 
et  nihil  (sync.)  invictus  Jupiter  major  sum 

Facio  sidus  nutrix,  nutrix  fertilis  cornu, 

cui  domina  nunc  quoque  nomen  esse. 


Active  and  Passive. 

71.  Autumn  produces  apples;   the  summer  is  beautiful  with  the 
harvests;    Flowers  are   given   us   by   the  spring;    fire  alleviates  the 
winter. 

Autumnus  pomum  do ;  formosus  sum  messis  cestas ; 
Vere  prcebentur  florcs  ;  ignis  levat  hyemem. 

72.  The  huntsman  knows  well  where  he  may  spread  his  nets  for 
the  stags ;    He  knows  well  in  what  valley  the  foaming  boar  lingers. 
Fowlers  know  the  shrubs.     He,  who  holds  the  hooks,  Knows  what 
waters  are  swum  in  by  many  fish. 

Venator  scio  bene  cervus  ubi  rete  tendo ; 

Scio  bene  qui  vallis  moror  frendens  aper. 
Aucupes  noscnnt  (enall.}  frutices.     Qui  sustineo  hamus, 

Novi  qui  aqua  rnultus  piscis  (enall.)  nator. 

73.  There  is  no  delay ;    they  weeping  begin  their  work ;   and  are 
emulous  to  heap  the  altar  of  the  funeral  pile  With  trees,  and  to  raise  it 
toward  heaven.     They  repair  to  an  ancient  wood,  the  deep  retreats  of 
savage  beasts.     The  firs  fall  down;  the  oak,  cut  down  with  axes,  falls 
crashing;    And   beams  of  ash  and  the  yielding   oak   are   cleft   with 
wedges ;  They  roll  from  the  mountains  huge  ash-trees. 

Haud  mora  ;  flens  festino,  araque  sepulcrum 
Congero  arbor  certo,  crelumque  educo. 
Eunt  in  antiquus  sylva,  stabulum  altus  fera. 
Picea  procumbo;  sono,  ictus  securis,  ilex; 
Fraxineus  trabs,  cuneus  et  fissilis  robur  scinditur; 
advolvo  ingens  ornus  mons. 


Variation  of  Case. 

74.    She  had  duly  presided  over  the  temple  for  many  years,  And 
performed    the   cruel    rites   with    an    unwilling    hand;    When    two 


§323.  PROSODY ENALLAGE.  301 

youths  arrived  in  a  ship  with  sails,  And  pressed  with  their  feet  our 
shores. 

Praesum  templum  multis  is  rite  annis, 

Et  perago  (enall.)  invitus  tristis  sacra  manus  ; 
Cum  duo  juvenis  velifer  venio  carina, 
Premoque  suus  pes  (enall.)  littus  noster. 

75.  Their  age  was  the  same,  as  well  as  their  love  for  each  other; 
one  of  them   was    Orestes,  The   other   was  Pylades.     Fame  still  pre- 
serves their  names.     They  are  instantly  led  to  the  cruel  altar  of  Dia- 
na, Bound  with  both  their  hands  behind  their  backs. 

Par  sum  horurn  aetas  et  amor ;  de  quibus  alter  Orestes, 

Alter  Pylades  sum.     Nomen  fama  teneo. 
Protinus  Trivia  ducorimmitis  ad  ara. 

Evincti  geminas  manus  ad  suus  tergum. 

76.  And  while  the  priestess  prepares  the  sacrifice,  and  covers  their 
temples  with  fillets,  And  still  invents  causes  for  her  long  delay,  "  Par- 
don me,  O  youths,"  she  said;  "  I  am  not  thus  cruel.     I  perform  sacri- 
fices more  barbarous  than  the  country  itself." 

D  unique  sacrum  paro,  et  (cnall,}  velo  tempora  vitta, 
Et  (cnall.)  tardus  causa  usque  invenio  mora, 

"  Non  ego  crudelis,  ignosco,  juvenis,''  dico  ; 
"  Sacra  quam  suus  facio  barbarior  locus." 

77.  "This  is  the  rite  of  the  nation.     But   from  what   city  do  you 
:>me  ?     Or  why  'have  you  made  such  a  voyage  in  a  ship  so   little 

fortunate  ?  "  She  said  ;  and,  the  name  of  their  country  having  been 
told  her,  the  pious  virgin  Finds  them  to  be  inhabitants  of  her  own 
city. 

"  Ritus  is  sum  gcnti.     E  qua  tu  tamen  urle  venio  ? 

Quove  peto  (sync.)  parum  faustus  puppis  iter  ?  " 
Dico;  et  auditus  patria  nomen,  pius  virgo 

Censors  sum  urbs  comperio  suus. 

78.  "  But  let  one  of  you,"  she  said,  "  fall  a  victim  in  our  rites.    Let 
the  other  go  as  a  messenger  to  my  native   land."     Pylades,   ready  to 
die,  urges  his  beloved  Orestes  to  go.     He  refuses;  and  each  contends 
to  die  in  the  stead  of  the  other. 

"Alter  at  vestrum,"  inquam,  "  cado  hostia  sacra. 

Ad  patrius  sedes  eo  nuntius  alter." 
Pylades  eo  jubeo  cams  periturus  Orestes. 

Hie  nego ;  uterque  inque  vicis  pugno  morior. 

79.  While  the  honorable  youths  carry  on  this  contest  of  love,  She 
writes  to  her  brother  a  letter.     She  gave  her  written  commands  to  her 
brother,  and  he  to  whom  they  were  intrusted,  (Behold  an  instance  of 
the  vicissitude  of  human  affairs,)  was  her  brother. 

Dum  pulcher  juvenis  perago  certamen  amor, 

Fratri  scriptas  exaro  ille  notas. 
Fratri  mandatum  do,  quique  ille  do, 

Frater  (humanos  casus  aspicio)  sum. 

26 


come 


302  PROSODY ENALLAGE.  §  323. 

80.  There  is  no  delay ;  they  hurry  away  the  statues  of  Diana  from 
the  temple,  And  a   ship   carries  them  secretly  through  the  immense 
waters.     The  wonderful  friendship  of  these  youths,  although  BO  many 
years  have  passed,  has  even  now  great  renown  in  Scythia. 

Nee  mora  ;  tempJo  rapio  simulacrum  Diana, 

Clamque  per  hnmensus  fero  (enall.^  puppis  aqua. 

Minis  amor  juvenis,  quamvis  tot  annus  abeo, 
In  Scythia  nunc  quoque  magnus  nomen  habeo. 

81.  Neither  do  the  violets  nor  the  opening  lilies  always  flourish,  And 
the  deserted  thorn  grows  stiff,  the   rose   being  lost ;  And    soon   hoary 
hairs  will  come  to  you,  O  lovely  youth  !    Soon  will   wrinkles   come, 
which  will  make  farrows  in  your  skin. 

Nee  semper  viola  nee  hians  lilium  floreo, 

Et  rigeo  spina  relictus,  amissus  rosa  : 
Et  ad  tc  jam  canus  venio,  formosus,  capillus  ; 

Jam  venio  ruga,  qui  tuum  corpus  arent. 

82.  Form  now  an  understanding  which  may  last,  and  add  it  to  your 
beauty  ;  That  alone   remains  to  the  last  day  of  life.     Nor  let   it   be 
made  a  trifling  concern  to  cultivate  the  mind  with  the  liberal  arts,  And 
to  learn  perfectly  two  languages. 

Jam  molior  animus,  qui  duro,  et  forma  astruo  ; 

Ille  solus  ad  extrernos  permaneo  rogos. 
Nee  levis  ingenuis  pectus  colo  artibus 

Cura  sum,  et  edisco  duo  lingua. 

83.  I  have  often,  though  unwillingly,  drunk  bitter  juices  when  sick, 
And  the  feast  has  been  denied  to  me,  though  asking  for   it.     You  will 
endure  sword  and  fire  that  you  may  save  the  body  ;  Nor,  though  thirsty, 
will  you  wash  your  parched  mouth  with  water.      Will  you,  then,  refuse 
to  bear  any  thing  that  you   may  be   well  in  mind?     But  this  part  of 
man  is  of  more  value  than  the  body. 

Sa?pe  bibo  succus  seger,  quamvis  invitus,  amarus ; 

et  mensn  negor  (enall.)  ego  orans. 

Ut  corpus  redimo  ferrum  et  ignis  (enall.)  patior, 

Nee  sitiens  aridus  os  (enall.}  levo  aqua. 
Ut  valeo  animus  quisquam  nego  tolero  ? 

4.1  pretium  pars  hie  quam  corpus  majus  habet. 


Synonymous   Words. 

84.  Alas  !  when  you  least  expect  it,  in  the  very  flower  of  youth, 
Death  suddenly  cuts  off  at  once  all  the  hope  of  the  family. 

Heu  '   m'mime  cum  reor,  in  juventa  ipse  flos, 

Mors  inopinate  (('nail.}  domus  spes  protinus  abripio  cunctus. 

85.  There  is  no  need  of  envy ;  far  from  me  be  the  applause  of  the 
crowd ;  He  who  is  wise,  should  find  a  source  of  joy  in  the  retirement 
of  his  own  breast. 


§323.  PROSODY:  —  ENALLAGE.  303 

Nihil  (sync.)  opus  sum  mvidia  ;  procul  absum  gloria  vulgus  ; 
Qui  sapio,  in  tacitus  gaudeo  is  sinus. 

80.   You,  Zoilus,  who  are  well  dressed,  ridicule  ray  threadbare  gar 
rnents.     They  are  indeed  threadbare,  but,  Zoilus,  they  are  my  own. 

Qui  pexor  (enall.)  pulchre,  rideo  me  us  tritus,  ZoKlus. 
Sum  hie  tritus  quidem,  Zoilus,  at  meus  sum. 

87.  Aurora,  in  the  mean  time,  to  wretched   mortals  the  fair  Light 
had  brought  forth,  and  renews  the  works  and  labors  of  the  day. 

Aurora  interea  miser  homo  almus 

Eff'ero  lux,  et  refero  (enall.)  opus  et  labor. 

88.  Indeed,  the  approach  of  death  alarms  him  only,  Who,  if  there 
should  be  any  existence  beyond  the  grave,  trembles  for  himself:  It 
alarms  not  him  who  has  passed  his  life  righteously  and  piously. 

Scilicet  hie  unus  mors  vicinia  turbo, 

Qui  sui  metuo,  (enall.)  si  quid  sum  (resto)  post  funus  :  (enall.) 

Non  hie,  qui  recte  vita  ago  (enall.}  sancteque. 

89.  He,  when  the  expected  day  of  death  approaches,  Looks  forward 
to  eternal  life  ;  he,  triumphing  in  a  better  hope,  Even  now  anticipates 
in  hope  the  joys  of  the  inhabitants  of  heaven. 

Hie,  cum  maturus  dies  mors  advenio  (enall.}  oevurn 
Suspicio  ceternus;  hie,  spes  melior  triumphans, 
Coslicola  (sync.)  jam  nunc  votis  proelibo  gaudium. 

90.  Let  the   ox   plough,  or   let   him   impute  his  death  to  advanced 
years.     Let  the    sheep  afford  us  the    means  of   defence   against  the 
cold  north  wind.     Let  the   full   she-goats   bring   their  udders  to   be 
milked  by  us. 

Bos  aro,  aut  letum  senior  imputo  annus. 
Horrifer  contra  Boreas  ovis  arma  prcebeo. 
Uber  satur  manus  pressandus  do  capella. 

91.  The  color  had  forsaken  rny  cheeks  ;  a  leanness  had  seized  on  my 
lirnbs;  My  reluctant   mouth  took  but   little  food.     Neither  were  my 
-slumbers  pleasant,  and  the  night  was  tedious  to  me  ;  And,  though  op- 
pressed by  no  particular  cause  of  sorrow,  I  often  breathed  a  sigh. 

Effugio  (enall.)  ore  color  ;  artus  adduco  macies  ; 

Capio  minimus  os  (enall.)  coactus  cibus.  (enall.) 
Neque  somnus  facilis,  atque  nox  sum  annuus  ego;  (enall.) 
gemitus,  nullus  laesus  dolor,  do. 


9^.  The  sacred  spring  is  clear,  and  more  transparent  than  a  crystal 
stream  ;  Many  think  that  a  deity  inhabits  it.  Above  it  the  water-loving 
iotos  spreads  its  branches,  As  though  it  were  itself  a  grove  ;  the  earta 
ground  it  is  always  green  with  soft  turf. 

Sum  nitidus  vitreusque  magis  lucidus  (enall.)  fluvius 
Fons  sacer  ;  ille  multus  numen  habeo  credo. 

Supra  qui  ramus  expando  aquaticus  lotos, 
Unus  sylva  ;  tener  cespes  terra  vireo. 


304  PROSODY ENALLAGE.  §323. 

93.  Let  riches  be  heaped  up  together ;  whither  glory  or   whither 
ambition  leads,  There  go,  surrounded  by  a  crowded  throng  Of  depend- 
ants, greeting  you  early  in  the  morning.     But  what  need  is  there  of 
many  words  ?     You  are  at  length  Brought  to  this  point,  that  you  ex- 
claim, "  Alas  !  how  much  vanity  is  there  in  worldly  things !" 

Cumulor  (enall.)  divitice;  duco  quo  gloria  quove 
Ambitio,  stipatus  pergo  examen  densus 
Mane  salutans.     Quid  multa  ?     Hue  denique  volvor  eodem, 
ut  exclamo,  (enall.)  "  Heu,  quantum  inane  in  res  !  " 

94.  Pluto  himself   appears    seated   on  a  rough   throne,   awful   in 
gloomy  Majesty  ;    his  huge  sceptre  appears   frightful   in   the   dismal 
Shade  ;  a  gloomy  cloud  renders  his  lofty  brow  More  terrible  ;  and  the 
sternness  of  his  dreadful  form  becomes  more  appalling. 

Ipse,  fultus  rudis  solium,  nigerque  verendus 

Dignitas,  sedeo  ;   squaleo  immcnsus  fcedus 

Sceptrum  (enall.")  situs ;    sublimis  caput  moestissimus  nebula 

Aspero  ;  et  rigeo  dirus  inclementia  forma. 

95.  As  the  sea  quivers  when  it  is  brushed  by  a  gentle  breeze,  As  the 
tender  branch  of  the  ash  is  shaken  by  the  warm  south  wind,  So  you 
might  have  seen  my  pale  limbs  tremble ;  The  bed  was  shaken  by  my 
body  that  was  laid  on  it. 

Ut  csquor  fit  tremulum  tenuis  cum  stringor  ventus, 
Ut  stringor  tepidus  fraxini  (enall.)  virga  notus, 

Sic  meus  vibror  pallidus  membrum  video  ; 

Quassus  ab  corpus,  quod  impositus  sum  (enall.)  lectus  sum. 

96.  What  indeed  can  it  profit  one  who  is  about  to  die  to  know  the 
causes  of  things,  To  connect  things  that  are   present  with   things  to 
come,  to  roam  in  thought  Beyond  the  sun  and  the  stars?     Surely  The 
same  law  of  death,  and  the  same  common  grave,  await  us  all. 

Ecquid  enim  prosum  causa  res  cognosco, 
Conjungo  (enall.)  venturus  prsesens,  animus  vagor 
Sol  atque  sidus  super,  moriturus  ?     Scilicet  cunctus 
Unus  letum  lex  maneo,  et  communis  sepulcrum. 

97.  The  land  of  the  Romans  had  not  anciently  any  skilful  husband- 
men ;  Fierce  wars  wholly  occupied  its  active  inhabitants.     There  was 
more  honor  in  the  sword  than  in  the  curved  plough ;  The  neglected 
land  produced  but  little  to  its  owner. 

Non  habeo  terra  peritus  antique  (enall.}  colonus  ; 

Lasso  agilis  asper  proslium  vir. 
Plus  sum  mferrum  quam  curvus  honor  aratrum ; 

Neglectus  dominus  paucus  (enall.)  produce  ager. 

98.  You  are  accustomed  often  to  ask  me,  Priscus,  what  sort  of  man 
I  should  be,  If  I  were  suddenly  to  be  made  rich  and  become  powerful. 
Do  you,  then,  think  that  any  one  can  say  what  his  future  conduct  will 
be  ?     Tell  me,  now,  if  you  were  to  become  a  lion,  what  sort  of  a  lion 
should  you  be  ? 


§  323.  PROSODY ENALLAGE.  305 

Saepe  qu&ro  soleo,  qualis  sum,  Priscus,  futurus, 

Si  fio  locuples  sumque  subito  pollens. 
Quisquam  possum  puto  mos  (enall.}  dico  futurus  ! 

Dico  ego  qualis,  si  fio  tu  leo,  sum  ? 

99.  But  neither  the  woods  of  the  Medians,  that  most  fertile  land, 
Nor  the  celebrated  Ganges,  and  the  river  Mermus  thick  with  its  golden, 
sands,  Can  vie  with  the  praises  of  Italy,  not  Bactra,  nor  the  Indians, 
Nor  all  Panchaia  rich  in  soils  producing  frankincense. 

Sed  neque  Medi  nemus,  ditissimus  regio^ 
Nee  pulcher  Ganges,  el  auro  turbidus  Herruus, 
Laus  Italia  contendo,  non  Bactra,  neque  Indi, 
Omnis  et  thurifer  Panchaia  dives  arena. 

100.  But  here  in  Italy  are  no  ravening  tigers,  nor  the  savage  race  of 
lions  ;  Nor  do  poisonous  herbs  deceive  the  wretched  people  who  gather 
them.     Neither  does  the  scaly  serpent  here  sweep  his  immense   folds 
along  the  ground,  nor  to  a  vast  Length  extended,  curl  himself  into 
a  circle. 

At  rabidus  tigris  absum,  et  ssevus  semen  (enall.}  leo; 

nee  miserandus  dccipio  aconitum,  qui  lego,  (enall.) 

Nee  rapio  maximus  orbis  per  terra,  neque  tantus 
Squameus  in  spira  tractu  sui  colligo  serpcns. 

101.  Let  him  commend   the  repasts  of  a  short  meal,  and  salutary 
Justice,  and   the    laws,  and  peace   with   her   open  gates.      Let   him 
faithfully  keep  secrets   intrusted    to  him ;    let  him  pray  and  beseech 
the  gods  That  prosperity  may  return  to  the  wretched,  and  forsake  the 
haughty. 

Is  dapes  commendo  mensa  exiguus,  et  (enall.}  saluber 
Justitia,  j'wsque,  et  apertus  otium  (enall.}  porta. 
Is  tego  commissus  ;  divusqne  precorywe  oro 
Ut  redeo  infelix,  desero  fortuna  arnbitiosus. 

102.  But  he  calls  the  land  his  own,  as   far  as   where  the  planted 
poplar  Prevents  by   fixed    boundaries  the  disputes  of  neighbors ;    as 
though  Any  thing  could  be  his  own,  which,  in  a  moment  of  the  fleet- 
ing hour,  At  one  time  by  solicitation,  at  another  by  purchase,  at  an- 
other by  violence,  at  another  by  the  last  fate  of  man,  May  change  its 
masters,  and  fall  into  another's  power. 

Sed  appello  usque  stium,  qua  populus  adsitus  certus 

Refugio  limes  vicinus  (enall.}  jurgium  ;  tanquam 

Sum  proprium  quisquam,  punctum  quiflnxus  hora, 

Nunc  prece,nunc  pretium,  nunc  violentia,  nunc  sors  supremus, 

Muto  (enall.'}  dominus,  et  in  alter  (enall.}  jus  (enall.}  cedo. 

103.  Neither  should  you  fear  that  his  mind,  becoming,  perhaps  from 
his  regard  to  futurity,  Somewhat  averse  to  the  duties  of  life,  should  re- 
fuse to  bear  labors,  And  encounter  dangers,  if  the  public  good  should 
require  it.     This  indifference  to  worldly  things  Rather  makes  the  man 
free  and  vigorous,  and  in  all  things  that  he  undertakes  Bold  and  invin- 
cible ;  and  it  strengthens  him  in  all  difficulties. 

26* 


306  PROSODY ELLIPSIS.  §  323 

Nee  timeo  quidem  nefortasse,  ad  munia  vita 
Segnior,  hinc  mens  recuso  perfero  (enall.)  labor, 
El  periculum  (sync.)fero,  voco  si  publicus  usus. 
Liber  et  erectus  potius,  res  et  in  agendus 
Fortis  vir  invictusque  cfficio,  casus  et  per  cunctus 
Roboro  externus  rerum  hie  despicientia. 


ELLIPSIS. 

§  323,  1.  Ellipsis  is  the  omission  of  some  word  or  words  in 
a  sentence. 

Many  of  the  lines  in  the  following  exercises  will  require  an  altera- 
tion in  the  arrangement  of  the  words,  as  well  as  the  introduction  of  the 
figure  ellipsis,  before  they  can  be  formed  into  verses. 

1.  O  Britain,  fairest  abode  of  liberty,  let  this  happier  lot  be  thine,  To 
escape  both  the  fate  of  Rome  and  the  guilt  of  Rome. 

Sum  tibi,  o  sedes  pulchorrimus  libertas,  melior  sors, 

nescio  et  fatum  (enall.)  Roma  et  crimen  (enall.)  Roma. 

2  Gray  hairs  also  have  not  yet  spoiled  the  beauty  of  my  jetty  locks, 
Neither  has  crooked  old  age  with  a  slow  step  approached. 

Et  nondum  canus  laedo  meus  niger  capillus, 
Nee  curvus  senecta  venio  tardus  pes. 

3.  The  poplar  tree  is  the  most    acceptable    tree    to    Hercules,  the 
vine  the  most  acceptable  to  Bacchus,  The    myrtle  the  most  accepta- 
ble to  lovely  Venus,  to  Phoebus  his  own  laurel  is  the  most  acceptable. 

Populus  Alcidae  sum  gratissimus  arbor,  vitis  gratissimus  lacchus, 
Myrtus  gratissimus  formosus  Venus,  Phrebus  sum  gratissimus  suus 
laurea. 

4.  O  wretched  me  !  with  what  vast  waves  are  the  shores  beaten  ' 
How  is  the  day  also  hidden,  obscured  by  thick  clouds ! 

O  ego  miser !  quantus  fluctus  (enall.)  litus  plangor  ! 
Et  dies  lateo,  conditus  nubes  (enall.)  obscurus  ! 

5.  You  now  I  warn.     Happy  art  thou,  who,  from  another's  misery, 
Shalt  learn  how  to  escape  thine  own  misery. 

Vos  nunc  ego  moneo.     Felix  sum  tu,  quicunque,  dolor 
Alter,  disco  possum  careo  tuus  dolor. 

6.  He  who  advises  that  you  should  do  that  which  you  are  already 
doing,  while  he  advises  Applauds  you,  and  by  his  advice  commends 
your  conduct. 

Qui  moneo  ut  facio  is,  qui  jam  tu  facio,  monendo  ille 
Laudo  tu,  et  comprobo  actus  (enall.)  suus  hortatus. 


§  323.  PROSODY ELLIPSIS.  307 

7.  The  brooks  are  dry ;   the  meadows  are  despoiled  of  their  beauty 
by  the  mildew ;   And  nothing  that  felt  the  blast  survives.     I  saw  the 
flowers  fade,  I  saw  the  roses  die,  and  I  saw  the  lilies  languish. 

Rivus  deficio ;  pratuin  squaleo  rubigo ; 

Et  nihil  afflatus  vivo.     Video  ligustrum  palleo, 

Expire  rosa  video,  decresco  lilium  et  ego  video. 

8.  A  garden  adorned  with  odoriferous  flowers  was  near,  Divided  as 
to  its  ground  by  a  stream  of  water  softly  murmuring  :    There  Tarquin 
the  secret  messages  of  his  son  Receives,  and  he  cuts  down  with  a  rod 
the  tallest  lilies. 

Hortus  cultissimus  odoratus  gramen  (synon.)  subsum, 
Sectus  secundum  humus  rivus  aqua  sonans  lene  : 

Illic  Tarquinius  latens  suus  filius  (synon.)  mandatum 
Accipio,  et  ille  meto  virga  summus  lilium. 

9.  When  the  messenger  returned,  and  reported  that  the  lilies  were 
cut  down,  His  son  exclaimed,  "  I  understand  the  orders  of  my  father." 
Nor  was  there  any  delay.     The  chiefs  of  the  city  Gabii  being  slain, 
The  defenceless  walls  are  surrendered  to  his  generals. 

Ut  nuncius  redeo,  (sync.}  decussusque  lilium  dico, 

Natus  (synon.)  suus  aio,  "  Ego  agnosco  jussum  meus  parens." 

Nee  ullus  rnora  sum.     Princeps  ex  urbs  Gabina  ca3sus, 
Moenia  nudus  trader  suus  dux. 

10.  As  many  shells  as  the  sea-shores  have,  as  many  blossoms  as  the 
fragrant  beds  of  roses  have,  As  many  seeds  as  the  sleep-bringing  poppy 
has,  By  so  many  distressing  things  am  I  afflicted ;  which  if  1  should 
attempt  to  number,  1  might  as  well  attempt  to  tell  the  number  of  the 
waves  of  the  Icarian  sea. 

Litus  quot  concha  habeo,  quot  flos  rosarium  amoenus  habeo, 

Quotve  granum  soporifer  papaver  habeo, 
Tot  adversus  res  premor;  qui  comprehendo  (sync.)  si  ego  conoi, 

Ego  conor  dico  numerus  Icarius  aqua. 

11.  Man  alone,  who  is  capable  of  acquiring  knowledge,  who  has  an 
ardent  desire  Of  tracing  out  the  causes  and  mutual  relations  of  things, 
Enters  on  a  vain  pursuit;  for  death  hangs  over  him  with  sable  wings, 
And  arrests  him  in  the  midst  of  his  journey  as  he  is  hurrying  on. 

Homo  solus,  qui  sum  sagax  scire,  cui  sum  summus  cupido 
Scrutari  causa  et  res  foedus  mutuus, 
Ingredior  vanus  iter ;  namque  immineo  is  niger  ala, 
Et  in  medius  cursus  intercludo  is  iens  mors. 

12.  Whither  do  you  madly  haste  ?     Although  you  should  possess 
each  Ocean,  and  although  Lydia  should  pour  forth  for  you  her  golden 
streams.  And  although  the  throne  of  Croesus  and  the  diadem  of  Cyrus 
should  be  added  to  these  riches,  You  never  will  be  rich,  you  never  will 
be  satisfied  with  gain. 


308  PROSODY EPITHETS.  §  323. 

Quo  vesane  tu  ruo?     Tu  tenen  uterque  licebit  oceanus, 

et  Ljdia  laxo  tu  suus  rutilus  fons, 

Et  solium  Croesus  Cyrusque  tiara  jungor, 
Sum  nunquam  dives,  nunquam  satior  quosstus. 

13.  He,  who  is  always  desiring   more,  is  always  poor;    contented 
with  a  little,  honorably  obtained,  Fabricius  despised  the  gifts  of  kings; 
And  the  consul  Serranus  labored  at  the  heavy  plough ;  And  an  humble 
cottage  held  the  heroic  Curii. 

Ille,  quicunque  cupio,  sum  semper  inops ;  contentus  honesto 
Parvo,  Fabricius  sperno  munus  rex  ; 
Sudoque  Serranus  consul  gravis  aratrum  ; 
Et  angustus  casa  tego  pugnax  Curii. 

14.  When  I  ask  you  for  money  without  security,  you  say,  "  I  have 
not  any  money ;  "   Yet  you,  the  same  person,  have  money,  if  my  field 
is  security  for  me.     O  Thelesinus,  that   which  you  will  not  trust  to 
me,  an  old   friend,  You   trust  to  my  lands  and  to  my  trees.     Behold, 
Carus  has  arrested  you  as  a  criminal;  let  my  field  help  you.     Do  you 
ask  for  a  companion  in  your  exile  ?  let  my  field  go  with  you. 

Cum  ego  rogo  nummus  (ena?l.)  de  tu  (cna/L)  sine  pignus, 
"  Ego  non  habeo  nummus,"  inquio  ; 

Tu  idem  homo  habeo  nummus,  si  pro  ego  spondeo  meus  agellus. 
Is  qui  non  credo  ego,  vetus  sodalis,  Thelesinus, 

Colliculus  meus  credo  arborque  meus. 
Ecce,  Carus  defero  tu  reus  ;  meus  agellus  tu  adsum. 

Tu  qutcro  comes  exilium  ?  meus  agellus  eo. 


EPITHETS. 

The  words  printed  in  Italics  in  the  following  exercises  are  substan- 
tives, which  either  require  epithets  to  be  added  to  them,  or  which  have 
adjectives  connected  with  them  that  may  be  omitted.  A  different 
arrangement  of  the  words  will  be  required  in  almost  every  line. 

1.  But  you,  O  robbers  and  wolves,  spare  this  little  flock :  Your  prey 
should  be  taken  from  a  herd. 

At  tu,  furque  lupusque,  parco  exiguus  pecus : 
prteda  sum  petendus  de  grex. 

2.  O  Nile,  nature  has  never  discovered  to  any  one  your  source, 
Neither  has  it  been  allowed  to  the  inhabitants  of  the  earth  to  see  you 
a  small  river. 

Natura  non  prodo  ullus  tuus  (cUip.)  caput, 
Nilus,  nee  licet  populus  video  tu  parvus. 

3.  Horace  also  has  delighted  my  ears,  While  he  brings  forth  from 
his  Ausonian  lyre  refined  songs. 


§  323.  PROSODY  EPITHETS.  309 

Et  Horatius  teneo  meus  (enall.)  auris, 
Dum  ferio  Ausonius  lyra  cultus  carmen. 

4.  An  image  of  Minerva  is  said  to  have  fallen  from  heaven  Upon 
the  lofty  heights  of  the  Trojan  city. 

Cosleste  signum  Minerva  credor 
Desiluisse  in  altus  jugum  Iliacus  urbs. 

5.  At  the  entrance  of  the  hollow  cave,  the  habitation  of  the  god 
of  sleep,  poppies  in  abundance  grow,  And  herbs  innumerable;   from 
the  juice  of  which   Humid  Night  collects  her  sleepy  power,  and  ex- 
tends it  over  the  earth. 

Ante  fores  cavus  antrum,  foecundus  papaver  floreo, 
Et  (synon.)  innumerus  herba ;  qui  de  lac  sopor 
Nox  lego,  et  humidus  per  terra  (enall.)  spargo. 

6.  Thus  the  violence  of  the  winds,  and  the  rain  from  which  they 
wished  to  be  screened,  compelled  mankind  at  first  To  build  huts  with 
straw,  And  to  plaster  their  humble  habitations  around  with  mud. 

Sic  vis  ventus  vitandique  imbres  primum  adegit  homo, 

stipula  (enall.)  tectum  ponere, 

et  claudo  arctus  sedes  (enall.)  limus. 

7.  Nor  are  the  wives  of  the  East  less  renowned  in  fame  :  Neither 
with  tears,  nor  with  female  cries,  Do  they  deplore  their  husbands' 
death ;  but,  strange  to  be  related,  They  ascend  the  funeral  pile,  and 
are  consumed  in  the  same  devouring  flames  with  their  lifeless  hus- 
bands. 

Nee  Eous  uxor  minus  celebror  fama : 

Ille  non  lacrymse,  non  foemineus  ululatus, 

Ploro  fatum  (enall.)  vir ;  (sync.)  verurn,  mirabilis  dicor, 

Conscendoque  rogus,flammaque  (enall.)  vorax  voror  idem. 

8.  The  echoing  wood  resounds  with  the  songs  of  birds,  and  every 
Shrub  and  every  grove  rings   with  music :    The  blackbirds  also  join 
their  tuneful  notes,  and  the  doves  their  plaintive  sounds;   The  har- 
monious lark  from  above  pours  forth  its  strains. 

Sylva  vocalis  resono  chorus  avis,  atque  (synon.)  omnis 
Virgultum  et  ornnis  nemus  ferveo  harmonia  : 

Et  merula  misceo  numerus  gemitusque  palumbes ; 
Canorus  alauda  addo  desuper  modus. 

9.  He,  who  once  refused  to  the  needy  worthless  fragments  of  food, 
Now  lives  himself  on  food  obtained  by  begging.     Fortune  wanders 
about  with  uncertain  steps,  And  in  no  place  remains  constant  and 
fixed 

Vilis  qui  quondam  nego  (sync.)  alimenta  miser, 

Nunc  pascor  ipse  cibus  mendicatus. 
Fortuna  vago  (synon.)  ambiguus  passus, 

Et  permaneo  (enall.)  certus  tenaxque  in  nullus  locus. 


310  PROSODY EPITHETS.  §  ^23. 

10.  But  virtue  does  not  produce  these  evils :  we  confidently  assert, 
That  if  every  one  faithfully  performed   her  sacred  duties,   Nothing 
would   appear   more   desirable   than   sacred   virtue;    then  would  the 
golden  ages  return :  But  it  is  not  our  lot  to  live  in  a  golden  age. 

At  virtus  non  parturio  hie  malum  :  immo  fateor, 

Si  quisque  perago  suus  munia  fideliter,  sum 

Nilril  (sync.)  potior  sacer  virtus  ;  jam  turn  redeo  aureus 

Sueculum :  verum  non  contigit  vivo  aureus  (synccr.)  oevuin. 

11.  In  the  shady  vales  in  the  midst  of  Ida,  there  is  a  place  Retired, 
and  abounding  with  oaks  and  pitch  trees,  A  place,  which  has  never 
been  touched  by  the  mouth  of  the  ox,  Nor  of  the  sheep,  nor  of  the  goat 
delighting  in  rocks. 

In  nemorosus  vallis  medius  Idae,  sum  locus 
Devius,  et  piceus  atque  (synon.)  ilex  frequens, 

Qui  nee  ovis,  nee  capella  amans  rupes,  (synon.) 
Nee  carpor  os  bos. 

12.  Nor,  O  wicked  man,  while  life  remains,  are  you  free  from  pain- 
ful punishments:  Although  you  may  deceive  mortal  men,  yet  you  can- 
not fly  from   yourself;    The   avenging   furies   disquiet   you ;    care,  a 
harassing  attendant,  preys  on  you,  And  dwells  as  a  tormentor  in  your 
conscience,  which  is  still  mindful  of  your  crimes. 

Nee,  improbus,  dum  vita  maneo,  des  nullas  serumnosas  pcenas : 
Quanquam  fallo  mortal  is  homo,  tarnen  haud  ipse  effugio  tu ; 
Dirae  ultrix  tu  agito ;  tu  cura  remordeo,  comes  ssevus, 
memorque  sub  pectus  habito  vindex. 

13.  The  horse  obeys  the  reins  in  time,  And  receives  with  a  quiet 
mouth  the   hard  bits.     The  fierceness  of  the  African  lions  is  subdued 
by  time,  Nor  does  that  savage  wildness  remain  in  their  disposition, 
which  was  once  in  it. 

Equus  obedio  (synon.)  habena  tempus, 

Et  recipio  (synon.)  placid  us  os  durus  lupus. 
Ira  Prenus  leo  cohibeor  (synon.)  tempus, 

Nee  feiusferitas  permaneo  (c.nall.)  animus,  qui  sum  ant6. 

14.  Thus  the  mourning  nightingale  bemoans  under  the  shade  of  a 
poplar  Her  lost  young,  which  a  cruel  countryman,  Discovering  them 
in  their  nest,  had  stolen  unfledged ;  thus  she  Grieves  through  the  dark 
night,  and,  sitting  on  a  bough,  her  song  Renews,  and  fills  the  places 
around  with  her  piteous  complaints. 

Quails  mcerens  philomela  sub  umbra  populus  (enall.) 

Queror  amissus  foetus,  qui  durus  arator, 

Cernens  (synon.}  nidus,  implumis  detraho;  at  ille 

JY0z  caecus  fleo,  ramusque  sedens,  carmen 

Integro,  et  impleo  late  locus  suus  (cllip.)  moestus  questus. 

15.  She  fears  all  things  and  she  hopes  for  nothing:  thus  anxious, 
as  she  is  returning  with  food,  is  the  bird,  Who  has  left  her  young  in 
a  lowly  shrub,  And  thus,  while  absent  from  them,  is  she  apprehen- 
sive of  many  evils;    She  fears  lest  the  wind  should   have  torn  her 


§323.  PROSODY PERIPHRASIS.  3H 

nest  from  the  tree,  Lest  her  young  should  be  exposed  as  a  plunder 
to  man,  or  a  prey  to  serpents. 

Omnis  (syrwn.*)  paveo  speroque  nihil :  sic  ales  asstuo, 

Qui  commitio  foetus  humilis  ornus, 

Allaturus  cibus,  (enall.~)  et  plurimus  cogito  absens ; 

Ne  ventus  discutio  nidus  arbor, 

Ne  furtum  pateo  homo,  neu  coluber  praeda. 

16.  A  moth  is  flying  around  my  burning  candle  ;  And  now,  and 
now  again  it  almost  burns  its  little  wings.  Often  with  my  hand  I 
keep  it  back  when  approaching,  and  "  O  moth,"  I  cry,  "  what 
great  desire  to  die  urges  you  on?"  Still  it  returns;  and,  although 
I  strive  to  save  it,  It  perseveres,  and  rushes  into  the  flames  and  into 
death. 

Musca  volito  circum  meus  exurens  lucerna  ; 

Alaque  parvus  suus  amburo  jam  prope,  jamque. 
Ssepe  repello  manus  is  (ellip.)  veniens;  et  "  Musca," 

Inquam,  "  quis  tantus  libido  morior  irnpello  tu?  " 
Ille  tamen  redeo ;  et,  quanquam  conor  (synon.)  servo, 

Insto,  et  irruo  (enaU.)  in  flamma  exitiumque. 


PERIPHRASIS. 
§  323?  2,  (4.)  Periphrasis  is  a  circuitous  mode  of  expression. 

The  words  in  the  following  exercises,  which  are  enclosed  within  pa- 
rentheses, are  examples  of  the  periphrasis,  and  are  to  be  substituted 
for  the  corresponding  word  in  the  line.  When  two  or  more  Italic 
words  occur  in  a  line,  they  must  be  omitted,  and  the  meaning,  which 
they  are  designed  to  convey,  expressed  by  one  word  only.  When 
there  is  only  one  word  in  a  line  printed  in  Italics,  it  is  intended  to 
be  omitted,  and  its  meaning  expressed  by  a  periphrasis. 

1.  Thus  does  the  lioness  rage  when  confined  in  a  narrow  den,  And 
breaks  her  fierce  teeth  by  biting  her  prison. 

Sic  leaena  fremo  (fera  nobilis)  in  claustrum  (enalL)  parvus  abditus, 
Et  rabidus  dens  frango  carcere  praemorso. 

2.  Whither  shall  I  be  carried  ?  where  shall  I  seek  comfort  in  my 
affliction?    No  anchor  now  holds  my  bark. 

Quo  feror  ?  unde  (lapsis  rebus)  peto  solatium  (enall.)  miseria  ? 
Jam  nullus  anchora  (non  ulla)  teneo)  meus  (enall.)  ratis. 

3.  Farewell,  ye  mossy  fountains,  ye  woods,  And  ye  Muses,  and 
the  dreams  of  fabled  Pindus. 

Valeo  muscosus  fons,  (sylvestria  tecta)  sylva, 
Musaque  (Aonides  dese,)  et  somnium  Pindus  mendax. 


312  PROSODY PERIPHRASIS.  §  323. 

4.  Not  far  hence   herds   of  cattle    wander  through   the    spacious 
fields,  And  sheep  roam  over  the  joyful  pastures. 

Nee  procul  hinc  armentum  vagor  (synon.)  per  latus  ager, 
Ovisque  (lanigeri  greges)  persulto  laetus  pabulum. 

5.  Then    also  the  birds   in  safety  flew,    And   the   hare   wandered 
fearlessly   in  the  midst   of  the  fields,   Nor   had  their  easy  credulity 
hung  on  the  hook  the  inhabitants  of  the  rivers. 

Tune  et  avis  (movere  pennas  per  aera)  tuto  (enall.)  volo, 

Et  lepus  impavide  (enall.)  erro  in  medius  ager, 

Nee  sua  credulitas  fluminum  incolas  suspendo  hamus. 

6.  The   astonished   cultivators     of    the   fields    see    rugged   brakes 
Sweetly  blooming  with  roses,  arid  hear  with  surprise  among  parched 
Bands  The  noisy  murmurings  of  a  river. 

Attonitus  cultores  agrorum  video  dumetum  incultus 
Suaviter  (enall.)  rubens  (enall.)  rosa,  sitiensque  inter  arena 
Miror  garrulus  rivus  (epithet")  murmur. 

7.  Arrayed  in  their  shining  arms,  thrice  around   the  blazing  Piles 
they  ran ;  thrice  the  mournful   funeral   fire    They   encompassed    on 
their  steeds,  and  yelled  aloud. 

Ter,  cinctus  nitens  (synon.)  arma,  circum  accensus 
Rogus  curro  ;  (enall.)  ter  nuestus  funereus  (enall.)  ignis 
Lustro  in  suus  (ellip.)  equus,  ululoque  (ululatus  ore  dedere.) 

8.  O  robin,    a  guest   most   welcome  to  every   house,    Whom  the 
severity  of  the  cold  compels  to  seek  the  aid  of  man,  That  thou  mayat 
escape  the  frosts  of  the  wintry  air,  O  fly  hither,  And  dwell  in  safety 
under  my  roof. 

Rubecula  (hospes  avis,)  conviva  domus  quivis  gratissimus, 
Qui  inclementiaf rigor  is  cogo  quaero  homo  (enall.)  opem, 

Hue  O  confugio,  ut  fugio  frigus  hibernus  coelum, 
et  vivo  tutus  (synon.)  sub  meus  lar. 

9.  That  thou  mayst  relieve  thy  hunger,  food  in  my  window  I  will 
place  every  day;  For  by  experience  I  have   learned  that  thou  wilt 
repay   with  a  grateful   Song  whatsoever   food   any   kind  hand   may 
bestow. 

Unde  relevo  tuus  esuries,  alimentum  (enall.)  fenestra 
Appono  quotidie  (quoties  itque  reditque  dies  ;) 

Etenim  usus  edisco  quod  rependo  alimentum  (enall.)  gratus 
Cantus,  quicunque  dono  (synon.)  bonus  (synon.)  manus. 

10.  In  the  early  spring,  when  the  warm  breezes  gently  blow,  And 
when  on  every  tree  its  vernal  honors  bloom,  Thou  mayst  freely  re- 
turn to   the  groves  and  revisit  the  sylvan  shades,  In   which   music 
delightful  and  equal  to  thine  resounds. 

Ver  novus,  cum  tepidus  aura  molliter  spiro, 
Et  suus  honos  (enall.)  verno  in  quivis  arbor, 

Pro  libitu  ad  nemus  (synon.)  redeo  sylvestriaque  tecta  revise, 
In  (ellip,}  aui  musica  laetus  parque  tuus  resono. 


§  323.  PROSODY PERIPHRASIS.  313 

11.  But  if  again,  but  if  by  chance  again,  the  cold  Should  bring 
back  to  my  house  my  beloved  bird,  Be  thou,  O   returning   bird,   be 
thou  mindful  to  repay  with  a  grateful  song  Whatsoever  food  any  kind 
hand  may  bestow. 

Sin  iterum,  sin  forte  iterum,frigus 

Reduco  ad  rneus  tectum  (enalL.)  carus  (synon.)  avis, 
Sum,  redux,  memor  sum  rependo  gratus  cantus 

Pabulum,  (enall.)  quicunque  benignus  manus  do. 

12.  The  Molossian  hounds  fondly  caressed  the  hare  then  free  from 
danger,  And  the  tender  young  of  the  sheep  drew  near  the  wolf;  The 
deers   played   in  peace  with  the   tigress ;  The   stags  feared   not  the 
African  lion. 

Molossi  blande  (enall.}  foveo  tutus  (synon.)  lepus, 

Tenerquc  ovis  f&tus  appropinquo   (synon.)  vicinum  prsebuit  latus 

lupus ; 
Concors  dama  cum  tigris  (epithet)  ludo  ; 

Cervus  non  pertimesco  (synon.)  Massylus  juba. 

13.  From  you  shall  descend  the  brave  Achilles,  Known  to  his  ene- 
mies not  by  his  back  but  by   his   undaunted  front,  Who,  always  a 
victor  in  the  uncertain  contest  of  the  race,  Shall  outstrip  the  speed 
of  the  swift  deer. 

Achilles  (expers  terroris)  tu  nascor  fortis, 

Rostis  haud  tergum  sed  pectus  impavidus  (synon.)  notus, 

Qui,  persoepe  victor  vagus  certamen  cursus, 

Prseverto  (flammea  vestigia)  celeritas  cerva  celer. 

14.  But  me  first  above  all  things  may  the  sweet  Aonian  goddesses 
receive  into  their   favor,  Whose    sacred   symbols,   smit   with  ardent 
love  to  them,  I  bear  ;  And  may  they  show  me  the  paths  of  heaven, 
and  the  starry  orbs,  The  various  eclipses  of  the  orb  of  Phoebus,  and 
the  labors  of  the  moon. 

Ego  vero  primum  ante  omnis  dulcis  Jlonides  dece, 

Qui  sacra  fero,  magnus  (synon.)  amor  percussus, 

Accipio  ;  ccelum  atque  (synon.)  via,  et  sidcreos  orbes  monstro, 

Varius  defectus  Phosbi  orbis,  lunaque  labor. 

15.  The    god  of  fire    fought   against   Troy,  the  god  of  music  for 
Troy  ;  The  mother  of  ./Eneas  was  friendly  to  the  Trojan  people,  the 
goddess   of  war   was  unfriendly.      The  sister   and    wife   of  Jupiter, 
favorable   to  Turnus,    hated    yEneas ;  yet   he    was  secure    under  the 
protection   of  Venus.     Often    did   the    fierce  ruler  of  the  sea  attack 
Ulysses ;  Often  did  Pallas  rescue  him  from  the  brother  of  her  father 

Ignis  deus  sto  in  Troja,  musiccc  prcescs  pro  Troja; 

JEneoE,  mater  sum  aequus  Trojano  popitlo,  iniqua  belli  dea. 
Proprior  Turnus,  Jovis  soror  et  conjux  ./Eneas  oderat ; 

Tamen  ille  sum  tutus  numen  Venus. 
Ssepe  ferox  pelagi  domitor  Ulysses  (epithet)  peto  * 

Ssepe  Pallas  (synon.)  svmspatris  fratre  eripio 


314  PROSODY MISCELLANEOUS    EXERCISES.  $  310. 

16.  And  as  a   ravenous   wolf   both   seizes    on   and   carries   away 
Through  the   cornfields,    through   the    woods,   the  sheep,  which  has 
not  gone  into  the  fold,  So,  if  the  hostile  barbarian  finds  any  one  in 
the  plains  Not  yet  received  within  the  city,  he  hurries  him   away ; 
He  then  either  follows  him  as  a   captive,  and  receives  chains  cast 
upon  his  neck,  Or  falls  by  a  poisoned  arrow. 

Utque  rapax  pecus,  qui  non  intro  (se  texit)  ovili, 

Per  seges,  (synon.)  per  sylva,  lupus  feroque  trahoque, 

Sic,  si  qui,  acceptus  (synon.)  nondum  (portarum  sepe)  oppidum, 
Barbarus  hostis  in  campus  reperio,  (cpenth.)  ago ; 

Aut  captus  sequitur   ille,  (ellip.)  conjectusque  catena  (synon.)  col- 

lum  accipio, 
• aut  pereo  (synon.)  venenatus  telum  (virus  habente.) 

17.  So  when  a  shepherd,  while  he  is  collecting  branches  of  trees 
in  the  woods,  Has  wrapped   among  the  leaves  a  serpent  asleep  with 
cold  and  stiff  with  frost,  And  without  having  seen  it,  has  brought  it 
to  the  fire  ;  There   is  no  delay ;  scarcely   has  it  felt  the  flames  near 
it,  When  the   serpent  both   lifts   up    its    head,   and   now   also   turns 
around  its  fiery  eyes,   And  moves   erect  through  the  house  with  its 
forked  tongue. 

Sicut  ubi,  dum  arborum  brachia  colligo  in  sylva,  anguis 

Frigor  sopitus,  pastor,  rigens  brumaque, 

Frons  implico,  appono  (synon.)  ignisque  inscius ; 

Nullus  est  mora  ;  propiiis  vix  perfero  flamma,  cum  (et  jam) 

Attolloque  suus  (ellip.)  caput,  jamque  lumen  igneus  torqueo, 

Perque  tectum  (synon.)  mico  arduus  anguis  (synon.)  os  trilinguis. 


MISCELLANEOUS   EXERCISES. 

The  first  twenty-two  of  the  following  exercises  are  designed  to  be 
literally  translated  into  Latin  verse  :  the  words  will  require  a  different 
arrangement,  but  every  word  may  stand  in  the  same  line  in  Latin,  in 
which  it  is  found  in  English.  The  remaining  exercises  are  intended 
to  be  more  freely  translated,  and  the  words  in  one  line  may  often  be 
introduced  into  the  preceding  or  following  verse. 

1.  The  lamb  in  company  with  the  wolf  (sociata  lupo)  shall  gambol 

(lasciviet)  in  (per)  the  valleys, 

And  the  steer  shall  go  (petet)  with  the  lion  in  safety  (tutus)  to  the 
stall,  (prasepe.) 

2.  Thus   (qualid)  the  lilies  hang  down   (dedinant)  their  withering 

(pallentes)  stalks, 

And  blooming  (pubentes)    roses   die   beneath   the  first   chilling 
blasts,  (ad  primos  austros.) 

3.  And  now  the  morning  star  (Lucifer)  fringed  (stringebat)  the  lofty 

JEmus  with  his  (ellip.)  rays, 


§310.  PROSODY MISCELLANEOUS    EXERCISES.  315 

And  he  urges  on  the  rapid  chariot  (festinam  rotam)  more  speedily 
than  usual,  (solito  properantior.) 

4.  And  I  feared  all  these  things,  because  I  knew  (videbam)  that  I 

deserved  them ;   (ellip.) 
But  your  anger  is  lighter  (lenior)  than  my  crime,  (peccato.) 

5.  Let  the  heaven  supply  (ellip.)  dews  sweet  as  nectar,  (nectareos,) 

and  let  it  viands  (epithet) 
Supply,  and  shed  (irriget)  silently  fertilizing  showers,  (imbres.) 

6.  The  sea  was  bright  (radiabat)  with  the  image  of  the  reflected  (re- 

percussce)  moon, 

And  in  the  night  (epithet)  there  was  a  light  (nitor)  like  the  light 
of  day,  (diurnus.) 

7.  Let  him  indeed  (sank)  receive  the  price  (mercedem)  of  blood,  and 

look  as  (et  sic) 

Pale  (palleat)  as  the  man  (ellip.)  who  has  trodden  on  (pressit)  a  ser- 
pent with  naked  feet,  (calcibus.) 


8.   And  now  the  sea  began  to  redden  (rubescebat)  with  the  morning 

(ellip.)  rays,  and  from  the  lofty  sky  ((Ether -e) 
The  saffron  Morn  (lutea  Aurora)  arose  in  her  rosy  chariot,  (bigis.) 


9.   Drops  (enall.)  wear  a  stone  hollow,  (cavo  ;)  a  ring  is  worn  out  (con- 

sumitur)  by  use  ; 

And  the  crooked  ploughshare  is  worn  away  (teritur)  by  the  earth 
rubbing  against  it,  (pressd.) 

10.  You  see  that  anger,  lust,  (libido,)  vice,  (scelus,)  every  where  prevail, 

(dominentur,) 

And  deceit  (fraus)  counterfeiting  friendship,  and  malignant 
envy, 

And  feuds,  and  treachery,  (insidia,)  and  the  snares  (retia)  of  une- 
qual law. 

11.  Around  the  tame  tiger  (mansueta  tigri)  flowery  bands  the  sportive 

(petulantes) 

Boys  in  play  (per  ludum)  shall  cast,  and  serpents  the  wearied 
Limbs  of  the  traveller  shall  refresh  by  licking  them  with  their 

cold  tongues,  (recreabuntfrigore  lingua.) 

12.  The  field  by  degrees  shall  grow  yellow  (flavescet)  with  soft  ears 

of  corn,  (aristd,) 
And  the  blushing  grape  (rubens  uva)  shall  hang  on  the  rough  (in- 

cultis)  brambles, 
And  hard  oaks  shall  distil  (sudabunt)  dewy  honey,  (enall.) 

13.  O  sleep,  thou  (ellip.)  rest  (quies)  of  all  (ellip.)  things,  O  Sleep, 

thou  gentlest  (placidissime)  of  the  gods, 
Thou  peace  of  the  mind,  from  whom  care  flies  away,  who  the  body 

(eorda,)  by  its  (ellip.)  daily 
Toils  (ministeriis)  exhausted  (fessa,)  dost  refresh  and  recruit  for 

labor. 


316  PROSODY MISCELLANEOUS    EXERCISES.  §310. 

14.  Often,  too,  when  the  wind  is  rising,  (vento  irnpendente,)  you  will 

see  stars 
Falling  (labi)  swiftly  (enall.)  from  (ellip.)   heaven,  and,  through 

the  shades  (umbram)  of  night, 
Long  trains  (tractus)  of  flame  (enaU.)  gleaming  (albescere)  behind 

them,  (a  tergo.) 

15.  Under  this  tree  the  dewy  (madidi)  Fauns  (Fauni)  often  danced,  (lu- 

serunt,) 
And  their  (ellip.)  pipe  heard  in  the  night  (fistula  sera}  alarmed 

the  quiet  family,  (domum  ;) 
And,  while  they  fled  (fugit)   through  the   solitary   (solus)    fields 

from  midnight  Pan,  (nocturnum  Pana,) 

Often   under  this  tree  (fronde)  a  rural  Dryad  (Dryas)  lay  con- 
cealed, (latuit.) 

16.  O  mossy  fountains,  and  grass  (herba)  more  soft  than  sleep,  (somno 

mollior,) 
And  the  green  arbute-tree,  (arbutus,)  that  covers  you  with  its  thin 

(rard)  shade, 
Keep  ofTthe  heat  (solstitium)  from  my  flock,  (pccori;)  now  comes 

the  summer 
Scorching  ;  now  the  buds  swell  on  the  vine,  (cpit/ict.) 

17.  Beneath  a  hedge,  and  often    (nee  rard)  on  the  margin  of  a  bank, 

there  is  a  little 

Reptile,  (the  glow-ivorm,)  which  glitters  by  night,  and  lies  con- 
cealed (latet)  by  day. 
Ye  great,  lay  aside  your  pride,  (fastus,)  and  no  longer  (nee)  despise 

the  lowly, 

Since  even  (ct)  this  little  (minimum)  reptile  has  something  (el- 
lip.)  which  is  splendid,  (nitcat.) 

18.  In  early  spring,  when  the  snow  (periph.)  on  the  hoary  mountains 
Is  dissolved,  and  the  crumbling  (putris)  glebe  unbinds  itself  by 

the  Zephyr, 

Then  (periph.)  under  the  deep-pressed  (depresso)  plough,  let  my 
ox  begin 

To  groan,  and  the  ploughshare,  worn  bright  (attritus)  by  the  fur- 
row, begin  (ellip.)  to  glitter. 

19.  Illustrious  souls  !  if  mortal  things  at  all  affect  (quid  tangunf) 

The  inhabitants  of  heaven,  (c&licolas,)  if  there  is  still  with  you 
(ellip.)  any  regard  (cura)  for  the  British  race, 

I  beseech  you,  renew  (vos  instaurate)  our  ancient  vigor  ; 

That,  sloth  (somno)  being  shaken  off,  we  may  at  length  aspire 
(nitamur)  to  noble  things,  (ardua,) 

Mindful  of  true  virtue,  and  of  our  fathers'  (avita:)  fame. 

20.  Thus  the  Lagean  (Lagea)  bark,  while  in  the  vast  ocean  like  an 

island 

It  appeared,  (conspecta,)  struck  against  (illisit)  the  rocks,  where 
the  east  wind,  (epithet,) 


§310.  PROSODY MISCELLANEOUS    EXERCISES.  317 

Scattering  ruin  around,  (naufragium  spargens,)  blocks  up  (operif) 

the  sea ;  and  now  on  the  waters 
Both  planks,  (transtra,)  and  masts,  and  colors,  (aplustria,)  with 

(eltip.)  the  torn  sail, 
And  seamen,  (epithet,)  striving  against  (removentes)  the  waters, 

float. 

21.  For  some  (pars)  commit  the  dead  body  to  the  earth, 
And  strew  garlands  on  the  tomb,  and  obsequies  yearly 

Pay,  as  though   the  shades   of  the  dead  (manes')   required  such 

offerings. 
Others,  (pars,)  the  funeral  pile  being  in  order  raised,  burn  on  it  the 

bodies  (artus)  of  the  dead,  (eliip.) 
And  collect  their  ashes,  and  place  them  in  the  faithful  urn. 

22.  Their  life  was  like  the  life  (ellip.)  of  a  beast,  spent  without  any 

regularity  ;  (nullos  agitato,  per  usus  ;) 

They  were   a   savage  people,  and   destitute  as  yet  of  knowl- 
edge. 
They  had  (ndrant)  for  houses  leaves,  for  food  (frugibus)  herbs; 

Water,  drunk  out  of  their  two  hands,  was  their  nectar. 
No  ox  panted  under  the  curved  ploughshare  ; 

No  land   was  under  the  cultivation  (imperio)  of  the  husband- 
man, (colentis.) 

23.  Night  had  wrapped  all  things  in  darkness  and  in  her  silent  shade, 

And  deep  sleep  had  seized  on  weary  man. 

24.  The  birds  were  now  singing,  and  the  sun  hastened  from  the  east, 

To  open  with  a  purple  smile  the  day. 

25.  The  shepherd  guides  his  flocks;    he  now  takes  in  his  arms  the 

tender  lambs, 
And    gives    them,  while  cherished  in  his  bosom,    the    sweetest 

herbs; 
He  now  seeks  for  the  sheep  that  are  lost,   and  brings  back  the 

wandering. 

26.  The  third  morning  had  from  the  heavens  removed  the  cold  shades 

of  night,  (ellip.) 
When  they  sorrowfully  collected  together  (ruebant)  on  the  hearths 

the  high-raised  (altus)  ashes  and 
The  bones  intermingled  with  each  other,  and  placed  over  them  a 

warm  mound  of  earth. 

27.  Begone,  ye  sleepless  cares  ;  begone,  complaints, 

And  the  host  of  envy ,  with  her  "  jealous  leer  malign ;  "  (transfer  so 

tortilis  Idrquo  ;) 
Nor  thou,  O  cruel  calumny,  bring  hither  thy  envenomed  scoffs, 

(anguiferos  rictus.) 

28.  Thus  (talis)  the  Parthian  lord  leads  from  the  Tigris 
His  barbarian  troops,  and  proudly  adorns  his  head 
With  regal  chaplets,  gems,  and  rich  attire. 

27* 


318  PROSODY MISCELLANEOUS    EXERCISES.  §310 

29.  For  now  Eurus  collects  his  strength  from  the  purple  east ; 

Now  Zephyr   approaches  hasting  from  the  west,  (sero  vespere 

missus.) 

Now  cold  Boreas  rages  (bacchatur)  from  the  dry  north  ;  (Arcto  ;) 
Now  the  south  wind  joins  the  contest  with  an  opposing  front. 

30.  Androcles,  who  had  fled  as  an  exile  from  the  anger  of  his  master, 

Wandered  over  the  parched  sands  of  Libya. 
At  length,  when  wearied  and  exhausted  by  his  journey,  (Lahore  vi- 

arum,) 
A  secret  cave  presented  itself  to  him  at  the  side  of  a  rock. 

31.  He  enters  the  cave  ;  and  scarcely  had  he  committed  his  wearied 

limbs  to  sleep, 

When  suddenly  an  immense  lion  roars  in  the  cavern. 
It  lifted  up  its  wounded  foot,  and,  uttering  a  mournful  cry, 

It  implored,  as  well  as  it  was  able  to  implore,  the  assistance  of 
Androcles. 

32.  The  fugitive  slave,  struck  with  the  novelty  of  the  circumstance, 

and  hesitating  with  fear, 
Scarcely  at  length  moves  his  trembling  hands  to  the  assistance 

of  the  lion;  (cllip.) 
But,  after  having  examined  the  thorn,  (for  a  thorn  stuck  in  the 

wound,) 
He  carefully  and  tenderly  draws  it  out  of  the  lion's  foot. 

33.  Now  again  he  roams  through  the  sylvan  shades,  and  the  groves  j 

and,  like  an  attentive  host, 

Brings  to  the  cave  for  Androcles  constant  food. 
The  man,  as  the  lion's  guest,  sits  down  to  the  feasts  prepared  for 

him,  (dlip.) 
And  hesitates  not  to  partake  of  the  undressed  provisions. 

34.  But  who  could  bear  to  live   thus  solitarily  in  a  cheerless  desert  ? 

(ticdia  descrtcc  vita.) 

Scarcely  could  the  rage   of  a  revengeful  master  be  more  ter- 
rible. 
The  slave  at  length  resolves  to  expose  his  devoted  head  to  certain 

dangers, 
And  again  to  seek  his  paternal  abode. 

35.  Here  he  is  given  up  by  his  master  ;  and,  doomed  to  afford  a  cruel 

entertainment  to  the  people, 

He  stands  in  the  theatre  as  a  wretched  criminal. 
By  chance  the  same    lion    that   he    had    assisted    in    the  desert, 

(cllip.)  fierce  and  raging  with  hunger,  rushes  from  the 

dens, 
And  looks  with  an  astonished  countenance  on  his  physician. 

36.  He   looks   at   him,  and,  as  an  old  friend  recognizing  his  former 

guest, 
He  lies  down  at  his  well-known  feet  caressing  him,  (blandulus.^ 


PROSODY MISCELLANEOUS    EXERCISES.  319 

This  prodigy  (ellip.)  was  the  work  of  nature  alone :  she  alone,  who 

gave  to  the  lion  all  his  rage, 
She  alone  induced  him  to  repress  it. 

37.  The  dove,  that  has  been  wounded  by  thy  talons,  O  hawk, 

Is  alarmed  at  the  least  rustling  of  a  wing. 
The  lamb,  that  has  been  at  any  time  rescued  from  the  jaws  of  a 

rapacious  wolf, 
Never  dares  again  to  wander  from  the  fold. 

38.  Happy  is  the  man,  who  has  spent  his  days  in  his  paternal  fields, 

Whom  the  same  roof  shelters  (vidct)  when  an  old  man,  that 

sheltered  him  when  a  boy  ; 
Who  leaning  on  his  staff,  on  the  same  sand  on  which  he  once 

crept  as  a  child,  (ellip.) 
Relates  the  long  history  (scecuhi)  of  his  single  habitation. 

39.  Fortune  has  not  led  him  through  the  innumerable  vicissitudes  of 

life  ;  (vario  tumultu;) 

He  has  neither  as  a  traveller  (periph.)  tasted  of  foreign  waters; 
Nor  as  a  merchant  has  he  feared  the  seas,  nor  as  a  soldier  the 

trumpet's  sound ; 
Neither  has  he  undergone  the  contentions  of  jarring  courts  of 

law. 

40.  The  lofty  oak   he  (qui)   remembers   when    it   hung  as  an  acorn 

(ellip.')  on  a  little  branch, 

And  he  sees  the  grove  of  the  same  age  with  himself,  with  him- 
self grow  old. 

But  yet  unbroken  is  his  strength,  and  the  third  generation  sees 
him 

A  grandsire  still  robust  with  vigorous  limbs. 

41.  For  the  men  add  to  the  noise  (sonant)  by  their  clamor,  the  ropes 

by  their  rattling, 
The  heavy  waters  by  the  dashing  of  the  waves  against  each  ot  ner, 

(undarum  incursu,}  and  the  sky  by  peals  of  thunder. 
The    sea    ascends    in    mighty    waves,   and    seems   to    reach   i  he 

heavens, 
And  sprinkles  the  contiguous  clouds  with  briny  dew. 

42.  May  I  never  so  misapply  the  powers  of  my  mind, 

As  to  become  the  flatterer  of  kings  and  the  promoter  of  vice ; 
Nor   may   I   spend  the  short   space,  that  I  can   steal   from   the 

grave, 
In  fawning  and  cringing  (caudam  submittam)  like  a  fearful  dog. 

43.  There  is  near  the  Cimmerians  (Cimmcrios)  a  cave  in  a  long  re- 

cess, 

Formed  of  a  hollow  mountain,  the  palace  and  retired  abode  of 
lazy  Sleep ; 


320  PROSODY MISCELLANEOUS    EXERCISES. 

Into  this  cave  the  sun,  whether  rising,  or  on  the  meridian,  (medi~ 

usve^  or  setting, 
Is   never  able   to   penetrate   with  his   rays.     Fogs,   mixed   with 

darkness, 
Are  exhaled  from  the  ground,  and  a  glimmering  (crepuscula)  of 

dubious  light. 

44.  Again,  to  show  what  virtue,  and  what  wisdom  can  accomplish, 
Homer  (ellip.}  has  exhibited  Ulysses  to  our  view  as  an  instructive 

example, 

Who,  having  subdued  Troy,  viewed  with  an  observant  eye  the 
cities 

And  manners  of  many  nations,  and, 

While  seeking  for  himself  and  his  associates  the  means  of  re- 
turning over  the  wide  ocean  to  their  own  land,  (ellip.) 

Endured  many  hardships,  yet  could  never  be  overwhelmed  by  the 
waves  of  adversity. 

45.  See  lofty  Lebanon  his  head  advance  ! 

See  nodding  forests  on  the  mountain  dance  ! 

46.  Ah  me  !  the  blooming  pride  of  May  (Maii) 

And  that  of  beauty  are  but  one  : 
A.t  noon  both  flourish  bright  and  gay ; 
At  evening  fade,  are  pale  and  gone. 

47.  When  winds  approach,  the  vexed  sea  heaves  around; 
From  the  bleak  mountain  comes  a  hollow  sound; 
The  loud  blast  whistles  o'er  the  echoing  shore; 
Rustle  the  murmuring  woods,  the  rising  billows  roar. 

48.  So  the  sweet  lark,  high  poised  in  air, 

Shuts  close  his  pinions  to  his  breast, 
If  chance  his  mate's  shrill  note  he  hear, 
And  drops  at  once  into  her  nest. 

4  ).   Nations  behold,  remote  from  reason's  beams,  (ellip.) 
Where  Indian  Ganges  rolls  his  sandy  streams, 
Of  life  impatient,  rush  into  the  fire, 
And  willing  victims  to  their  gods  expire, 
Persuaded  (percussa  cupidine  ccccd)  the  freed  soul  to  regions  flies, 

(scdes  iibifata  dedere  quictas,') 
Blest  with  eternal  spring  and  cloudless  skies. 

50.   Subdued  at  length,  he  owns  Time's  heavier  tread, 
Bowed  with  the  weight  of  ages  on  his  head  : 
So  on  some  mountain's  top  the  lofty  pine, 
With  years  and  tempests  worn,  in  slow  decline 
Droops  to  the  chilling  rains,  the  stormy  gales, 
While  wasting  age  its  trembling  boughs  assails. 


320.  PROSODY LYRIC    MEASURES.  321 


LYRIC  AND  DRAMATIC  MEASURES. 


In  the  following  table,  the  numbers  in  the  first  column  denote  the 
kinds  of  metre  employed  in  the  subsequent  exercises;  those  in  the 
second  column  refer  to  the  sections,  &c.  of  the  Grammar  in  which 
those  metres  are  explained.  The  metres  not  referred  to  the  Gram- 
mar are  not  found  in  the  ancient  Latin  classics,  but  their  explanation 
is  subjoined  to  the  table 


1,  §  310,  I.         12,  §  312,  VI.  23,  §  314,  VII.  34,  §  316,  III. 

2,  13,         «     VII.  24,         «     VIII.  35,  «     IV. 

3,  §  310,  II.       14,         "     VIII.  25,         «     IX.  36,  "     V. 

4,  §  311,  III.     15,  §  313,  I.  26,         «     X.  37,  «     VI. 

5,  *                16,         «     II.  27,  §  315,  I.  38,  §  317,  I. 

6,  *               17,  §  314,  I.  28,         «     II.  39,  "     II. 

7,  §  312,  IV.      18,         «     II.  29,         «     III.  40,  §  318,  III. 

8,  «  V.       19,         "     III.  30,         *  41,  «      IV. 

9,  *               20,         «     IV.  31,  §  316,  I.  42,  "      V. 

10,  *  21,  V.  32,)      „     n 

11,  *  22,         »     VI.  33,5 


*  The  following  are  the  metres  above  referred  to,  and  which  are  not 
•contained  in  the  Grammar. 


2.   T'--  i^vmeter  meiurus  is  a  defective  hexameter,  having  an  iam- 
~  —  ^  me  sixth  foot  instead  of  a  spondee. 

5.  The   JEolic  -pentameter  consists  of  four  dactyls,  preceded  by  a 

spondee,  a  trochee,  or  an  iambus. 

6.  The  Phal&cian  or  Pkaleudan  verse  consists  of  the  penthemimeria 

of  a  hexameter,  followed  by  a  dactyl  and  a  spondee. 

9.   The  tetrameter  meiurus  or  Faliscan  consists  of  the  last  four  feet  of 
the  hexameter  meiurus. 

10.  The  tetrameter  acephalus  is   the  tetrameter  a  posteriore   wanting 

the  first  semifoot. 

11.  The  tetrameter  catalectic  is  the  tetrameter  a  prior e  wanting  the  last 

semifoot. 

30.  The  trochaic  dimeter  consists  of  four  feet,  the  first  and  two  last  of 
which  are  always  trochees,  and  the  second  a  trochee,  spondee , 
dactyl,  or  anapest. 


323  PROSODY LYRIC  MEASURES.          §  320. 

The  first  thirty  of  the  following  exercises  are  designed  to  be  scan- 
ned ;  the  succeeding  thirty-four  require  the  order  of  the  words  to  be 
changed,  in  order  to  the  lines  being  formed  into  verses  j  the  remaining 
exercises  are  intended  to  be  translated.  The  figures  prefixed  to  the 
exercises  refer  to  the  preceding  table. 

No.  8. 

1.  Haud  sic  magni  conditor  orbis; 
Huic  ex  alto  cuncta  tuenti 
Nulla  terrae  mole  resistunt, 
Non  nox  atris  nubibus  obstat. 

No.  9. 

2.  Gratius  astra  nitent,  ubi  Notus 
Desinit  imbriferos  dare  sonos ; 
Lucifer  ut  tenebras  pepulerit, 
Pulchra  dies  roseos  agit  equos. 

No.  16. 

3.  Somnos  dabat  herba  salubris, 
Potum  quoque  lubricus  amnis, 
Umbras  altissima  pinus ; 
Nondum  maris  alta  secabat. 

No.  31. 

4.  Tu  ne  quaesieris  scire,  nefas,  quern  mihi,  quern  tibi 
Finem  di  dederint,  Leuconoe  ;  nee  Babylonios 
Tentaris  numeros,  ut  melius,  quidquid  erit,  pati  J 
Seu  plures  hyemes,  seu  tribuit  Jupiter  ultimam. 

No.  1,  8. 

5.  Albus  ut  obscuro  deterget  nubila  coelo 

Sffipe  Notus,  neque  parturit  imbres 
Perpetuos,  sic  tu  sapiens  finire  memento 
Tristitiam  viteeque  labores. 

No.  1,  13,  1,  13. 

6.  Diffugere  nives ;  redeunt  jam  gramina  campis, 

Arboribusque  comae ; 
Mutat  terra  vices ;  et  decrescentia  ripas 
Flumina  prsetereunt. 

No.  1,  17,  1,  17. 

7.  Mella  cava  manant  ex  ilice  ;  montibus  altis 

Levis  crepante  lympha  desilit  pede. 
Illic  injusssa  veniunt  ad  mulctra  capellae, 
Refertque  tenta  grex  amicus  ubera. 

No.  17,  22,  17,  22. 

8.  Has  inter  epulas,  ut  juvat  pastas  ovea 

Videre  properantes  doinum ! 


§  320.  PROSODY LYRIC    MEASURES.  323 

Videre  fessos,  vomerem  inversum,  boves, 
Collo  trahentes  languido. 

No.  11,  36. 
9.  Orane  hominum  genus  in  terris 

Simili  surgit  ab  ortu  ; 
Unus  enim  rerum  pater  est, 
Unus  cuncta  ministrat. 

No.  34,  35. 

10.  Jam  veris  comites,  quse  rnare  temperant, 
Impellunt  animse  lintea  Thraciae  ; 

Jam  nee  prata  rigent,  nee  fiuvii  strepunt 
Hyberna  nive  turgidi. 

No.  35,  34. 

11.  Caris  multa  sodalibus, 

Nulli  plura  tamen,  dividit  oscula, 
Quam  dulci  Lamise,  memor 
Actee  non  alio  rege  puertiae. 

No.  28,  14 

12.  Scandit  geratas  vitiosa  naves 
Cura,  nee  turmas  equitum  relinquit, 
Ocior  cervis,  et  agente  nimbos 

Ocior  Euro. 

No.  41,  21. 

13.  Solvitur  acris  hyems  grata  vice  veris  et  Favoni; 

Trahuntque  siccas  machinse  carinas ; 
Ac  neque  jam  stabulis  gaudet  pecus,  aut  arator  igni ; 
Nee  prata  canis  albicant  pruinis. 

No.  37,  32. 

14.  Cur  neque  militaris 

Inter  aequales  equitat ;  Gallica  nee  lupatis 
Temperat  ora  frsenis  ? 

Cur  timet  flavum  Tiberim  tangere  ?  cur  olivum  f 

No.  34,  34,  36,  35. 

15.  Vos  Tempe  totidem  tollite  laudibus, 
Natalemque,  mares,  Delon  Apollinis, 

Insignemque  pharetra 
Fraternaque  humerum  lyra. 

No.  40,  40,  23,  42. 

16.  Doctrina  sed  vim  promovet  insitam, 
Rectique  cultus  pectora  roborant ; 

Utcunque  defecere  mores, 
Dedecorant  bene  nata  culpse. 


324  PROSODY LYRIC    MEASURES.  §320. 

No.  1,  22,  13. 

17.   Nobilis  ut  grand!  cecinit  Centaurus  alumno, 
"  Invicte  mortalis,  dea. 

Nate  puer  Thetide, 

Te  inanet  Assaraci  tellus,  quam  frigida  parvi 
Findunt  Scainandri  flumina, 
Lubricus  et  Simois." 

No.  24,  21. 

18.  At  fides,  et  ingeni 

Benigna  vena  est;  pauperemque  dives 
Me  petit.     Nihil  supra 

Deos  lacesso ;  nee  potentem  araicum 
Largiora  flagito, 

Satis  beatus  unicis  Sabinis. 

No.  17,  13,  22. 

19.  Ubi  hffic  severus  te  palam  laudaveram, 

Jussus  abire  domum, 

Ferebar  incerto  pede 
Ad  non  amicos,  heu,  mihi  postes,  et  heu 
JLimina  dura,  quibus 
Lumbos  et  inf'regi  latus. 

No.  18. 

20.  Querceta  Fauni,  vosque  rore  vinoso 
Colles  benigni,  initis  Evandri  sedes, 

Si  quid  salubre  vallibus  f'rondet  vestris, 
Levamen  segro  ferte  certatim  vati. 
Sic  ille,  chartis  redditus  rursum  Musis, 
Vicina  dulci  prata  mulcebit  cantu. 

21.  Frigora  mitescunt  Zephyris;  ver  proterit  sestas> 

Interitura  simul ; 

Pomifer  autunmus  fruges  effuderit ;  et  mox 
Brurna  rccurret  iners. 

22.  Labuntur  altis  interim  ripis  aquce, 

Queruntur  in  sylvis  aves, 
Fnntesque  lymphis  obstrepunt  manantibus  j 
Somnos  quod  invitet  leves. 

23.    Quam  variis  terras  animalia  permeant  figuris  ! 

Namque  alia  exterito  sunt  corpore,  pulveremque  verrunt 
Continuumque  traliunt  vi  pectoris  incitata  sulcum. 
Sunt  quibus  alarum  levitas  vaga,  verberetque  ventos. 

24.   Monte  decurrens  velut  amnis,  imbres 
Quern  super  notas  almA>re  ripas, 

Fervet,  immensusque  ruit  profundo 
Pindarus  ore. 


§  320.  PROSODY LYRIC    MEASURES.  325 

25.  Cum  nemus  flatu  Zephyri  tepentis 

Vernis  irrubuit  rosis, 
Spiret  insanum  nebulosus  Auster, 
Jam  spinis  abeat  decus. 

26.  Pallida  mors  asquo  pulsat  pede  pauperura  tabernaa 

Regumque  turres  :  o  beate  Sexti, 
Vitee  summa  brevis  spem  nos  vetat  inchoare  longam- 
Jam  te  premet  nox,  fabuleeque  manes. 

27.  Nee  Cose  referunt  jam  tibi  purpurse, 
Nee  clari  lapides  tempora,  quse  semel 

Notis  condita  fastis 
Jnclusit  volucris  dies 

28.  Purse  rivus  aquae,  sylvaque  jugerum 
Paucorum,  et  segetis  certa  fides  meee, 
Fulgentem  imperio  fertilis  Africse 

Fallit,  sorte  beatior. 

29.  Virtus,  recludens  immeritis  mori 
Coelum,  negata  tentat  iter  via ; 

Cffitusque  vulgares,  et  udam 
Spernit  humum  fugiente  penna. 

30.  Quid  genus  et  proavos  strepitis  ? 

Si  primordia  vestra 
Auctoremque  Deum  spectes, 

Nullus  degener  extat, 
Nt  vitiis  pejora  fovens, 

Proprium  deserat  ortum. 

No.  16. 

31.  Utinam  modo  redirent  nostra 
Tempora  in  priscos  mores  ! 
Sed,  ignibus  ^Etnse  ssevior, 
Amor  fervens  habendi  ardet. 

No.  6. 

32.  Nunc  jacet  lumine  mentis  effceto, 
Et  pressus  colla  catenis  gravibus, 
Declivemque  pondere  gerens  vultum, 
Cogitur,  heu,  cernere  terram  stolidam. 

No.  17. 

33.  Anima  mea,  recogita  mecum,  recogita, 
Horrore  quo  perculsa,  ponti  videris 
Imo  ex  sinu  profunditates  erutas, 
Montesque  fluctuum  imminentes  montibus. 

No.  17,  22,  17,  22. 

34.  Elusua  miser,  non  est,  ut  arbitraris, 

Mors  atra  filia  Noctis, 

28 


326  PROSODY LYRIC    MEASURES.  §  320. 

Erebove  creta  patre  sive  Erinnye, 
Vastove  sub  Chao  nata. 

No.  17,  22,  17,  22. 

35.  Ast  ilia,  missa  stellate  ccelo,  Dei 

Messes  colligit  ubique, 
Animasque,  reconditas  earned  mole, 
in  lucem  et  evocat  auras. 

No.  17,  22,  17,  22. 

36.  En,  viator  defesse,  et  infra  despice 

Vitce  terminum  viseque, 
Vide  quo  laboriosa  vestigia 

Hue,  ecce,  omnia  tendunt. 

No.  30,  29,  30,  29. 

37.  Hybla,  funde  totos  flores, 

Quidquid  attulit  annus; 
Hybla,  florCtm  vestem  sparge, 
Quantus  campus  Ennae  est. 

No.  28,  28,  28,  14. 

38.  Deus,  laudes  in  Sione  manent  te, 
Hie,  castis  sacris  operata,  tibi 
Gens  vota  tua  solvet,  victimisque 

Aras  imbuet. 

No.  28,  28,  28,  14. 

39.  Quique  tarn  prassens  supplicantftm  tibi 
Secundos  exitus  tribuas  votis, 
Gentes  petent  te  mundi  sub  utroque 

Jacentes  axe. 

No.  28,  28,  28,  14. 

40.  Tu,  potens  rerum  pollens  validisque 
Viribus,  catena  stabili  firmas 
Tractus  montium,  jugaque  inquietis 

Procellis  tunsa. 


No.  28,  28,  28,  14. 
41.   Tu  maris,  agitata  ventis  nigris, 
Componis  terga  ;  rebelles  cohibes 
Motus  gentium,  placidaque  mutas 
Tumultus  pace. 


No.  28,  28,  28,  14. 
42.   Ultimi  rerum  signa  tua  norunt, 
Et  pavent  fines,  coruscis  quoties 
Flammis  turgidum  fremuit  sonoro 
Coelum  murmure. 


§320,  PROSODY LYRIC    MEASURES.  327 

No.  28,  28,  28, 14. 

43.  Tu  solum  terrae,  imbrem  sitientis, 
Invisis  laetus  ;  gravidreque  nubis 
De  sinu,  fundis  genitale  pigros 

In  semen  agros. 

No.  28,  28,  28, 14. 

44.  Alveus,  pleno  semper  tibi  amne, 
Turgidus  loeta  no  vat  fruge  arva, 
Campos  floribus,  virentes  nemorum 

Recessus  fronde. 

No.  28,  28,  28, 14. 

45.  Tu  maceras  rore  leni  sola  contumacis 

terrce,  glebas  subigisque, 

Sulcos  ebrios  amictu  viridante 

Inumbras  messis. 

No.  28,  28,  28, 14. 

46.  Qua  feres  gressus,  annum  renovabis 
Frugum  fertilem,  vegetansque  fetus 
Per  valles  cavas  saltus  riguosque 

Humor  impluet. 

No.  28,  28,  28, 14. 

47.  Pauper  tugurii  (apoc.)  colonus  gestiet, 
Comitans  capellas  distentas  lacte  ; 
Colles  mugient,  et  sylva,  arnica  fessis 

juvencis. 

No.  28,  28,  28,  14. 

48.  Spes  cupidas  aratoris  fovebit 
Fluctuans  latis  campis  seges  alma ; 
Ut  canat  tibi  feriatus  festl 

In  umbra  carmen. 

No.  34,  34,  34,  35. 

49.  Quid  frustra  rabidi  canes  petitis  me  ? 
Cur  premis  improbum  propositum  Livor  ? 
Sicut  pastor  ovem,  Dominus  regit  me  : 

Nil  penitus  deerit  (syruzr.)  mihi. 

No.  34,  34,  34,  35. 

50.  Per  mitia  pabula  viridis  campi, 
Quce  amoenitas  teneri  veris  pingit, 
Nunc  pascor  placide,  nunc  latus  saturum 

Molliter  explico  fessus. 

No.  34,  34,  34,  35. 

51.  Rivus  puree  aquae  leniter  astrepens 
Restituit  robora  languidis  membris ; 


328  PROSODY LYRIC    MEASURES.  §  320. 

Et  spiritus  recreat  blando  fomite 
Sub  face  torrida  soils. 

No.  34,  34,  34,  35. 

52.  Cum  peteret  raens  vaga  devios  saltus, 
Sequens  teneras  illecebras  errorum, 
Bonus  retraxit,  denuo  me  miserans, 

In  viam  justitiae  pastor. 

No.  34,  34,  34,  35. 

53.  Nee  si  luctifica  manu  per  trepidas  intentet 

tenebras  mors  vulnera  inihi, 

Formidem  pergere,  te  duce,  me  pedo 

Facies  securum  tuo. 

No.  34,  34,  34,  35. 

54.  Tu  accumulas  mensas  epulis  j  merum 

Tu  sufficis  plenis  pateris  ;  et  caput  exhilaras 

unguento  :  conficit  cemulos 

Dum  spectant  anxius  dolor. 

No.  34,  34,  34,  35. 

55.  Tua  bonitas  nunquam  destituet  me, 
Perpetuo  favor  profususque  bonis, 
Et  non  solicit®  domi  lure  longa 

Tempora  vitas  transigarru 

No.  40,  40,  23,  42. 

56.  Tecum  alta  Virtus  sedet  laurigeram 
Frontem  decora,  et  Veritas  filia, 

Cui  vultus  fulgens  immortale 
Radiatur  purpureo  igne. 

No.  17. 

57.  Poe"tse  veteres  fabulantur  Protea 

Fuisse  quendem,  qui  verteret  se  in  omnes 
Formas,  nee  posset  contineri  ullis  vinculis, 

dum  nunc  in  liquentes  undas  fluit, 

Nunc  stridet  flamma,  nunc  ferus  leo  rugit, 
Arbor  viret,  ursus  horret,  anguis  sibilat. 

No.  41. 

58.  Unica  gens  hominum  altius  levat  celsum  cacumen, 
Atque  levis  stat  recto  corpore,  despicitque  terras. 
HSBC  figura  admonet,  nisi  terrenus  male  desipis, 
Qui  recto  vultu  petis  coelum,  exerisque  frontem, 

In  sublime  animum  quoque  feras,  ne  gravata  pessum, 
Inferior  sidat  mens  celsius  levato  corpore. 


320.       PROSODY  —  LYRIC  MEASURES.         329 

No.  29. 

59.  Quae  faciunt  vitam  beatiorem, 
Haec  sunt,  M artialis  jucundissime  : 
Ager  non  ingratus,  perennis  focus, 
Nunquam  lis,  rara  toga,  quieta  mens, 
Ingenuae  vires,  corpus  salubre, 
Simplicitas  prudens,  amici  pares  ; 

No.  29. 

60.  Facilis  convictus,  sine  arte  mensa, 
Non  ebria  nox  sed  curis  soluta, 
Torus  non  tristis  attamen  pudicus, 
Somnus,  qui  tenebras  breves  faciat, 
Veils  esse  quod  sis,  nihilque  malis, 
Nee  metuas  diem  summum,  nee  optes. 

No.  35,  34,  31,  35,  34,  31. 

61.  Gaudio  pectora  pulsat 

Lceto  cor  trepidum  ;  lingua  avet  tuas 
Promere  laudes  ;  spes  bona  tacite  recreat  corpus. 
Tu  viain  vitae  reseras  : 

De  vultu  tuo  fluvii  laetitice 
Manant  j  tu  tribuis  gaudia  munifica  dexterd. 

No.  34,  34,  34,  35. 

62.  Qualis  per  silentia  nigra  nemorum, 
Vallesque  irriguas,  et  domos  virides, 
Fons  placidus  murmure  languido  serpit, 

Peragens  secretum  iter ; 
Paulisper  vagus,  atque  agens  exiguos  Maeandros, 

sinuat  se  variis  modis, 

Dum  tandem,  fugam  celerem  praecipitans, 

Maris  gremio  miscetur. 

63.  Talis  per  semitam  tacitam  devia 
Diffugiat  aetas,  non  gravis  opibus, 
Rauca  jurgia  fori  non  experta,  nee  palmae 

decus  sanguineum  ; 

Cumque  tenebraa  instant  et  lux  brevis  occidit, 
Et  satura  ludo,  et  laboribus  fessa, 
Membra  jacentia  mors  lenisque  sopor 

Manu  placida  componant. 

No.  16. 

64.  Quae  canit  altis  ramis,  garrula 
Ales  clauditur  antro  caveoD  ; 
Huic  licet  pocula  illita  melle, 
Dulci  studio,  dapes  largasque, 
Cura  ludens  hominum  ministret, 
Si  tamen,  saliens  arcto  tecto, 
Viderit  gratas  umbras  nemorum, 

28* 


330  PROSODY LYRIC    MEASURES.  §  320. 

Preterit  sparsas  escas  pedibus  ; 
Sylvas  tan  turn  requirit  moesta, 
Susurrat  sylvas  voce  dulci. 

No.  11,36,11,36. 

65.  The  same  Creator  gave  to  the  sun  his  rays;  He  gave  to  the 
moon  her  horns ;  He  also  gave  inhabitants  to  the  earth,  and  stars  to 
the  heaven. 

Ille  do  radius  Phoebus  ; 

Et  do  cornu  luna; 
Ille  etiarn  terra  (enall.)  homo 

Do,  et  coelum  sidus. 

No.  28,  35,  28,  35. 

66.  The  sea  is  often  resplendent  in  calm  weather,  Its  waves  being 
unruffled  ;    The  north  wind  often  raises   in  it  raging  tempests,   The 
waters  being  agitated. 

Saepe  radio  tranquillus  serenum 

Mare,  fluctus  immotus  ; 
Saepe  Aquilo  ternpostas  (synon.)  fervens, 

^Equor  (enall.')  versus,  concito. 

No.  25,  36,  25,  36,  25,  36. 

67.  Whoever  shall  wish  Cautiously  to  erect  a  house  that  shall  stand, 
Should  take  care  to  avoid  the  sea,  Threatening  with  its  waves  The 
top  of  a  lofty  mountain,  And  should  shun  quicksands. 

Quisquis  porennis  volo 

Sedes  cautc  (enail.~)  pono, 
Et  minans  fiuctus, 

Mare  (synon)  sperno  euro, 
Altus  mons  cacuinen, 

Arena  vito  bibulus. 

No.  25,  36,  25,  36,  25,  36. 

68.  The  former  of  these  situations  the  south  wind  Assails  with  all 
its  strength ;    The  loose  quicksands  Are  unable  to  bear  the  pressing 
weight.     Remember  to  place  your  house  on  a  low  And  firm  rock. 

Ille  Auster  (epithet) 

Vires  totus  urget; 
Hie  solutus  pendulus 

Pondus  recuso  ferro. 
Memento  figo  domus  humilis 

saxum  certus. 

No.  25,  36,  25,  36,  25,  36. 

69.  Although  The  wind  roar,  Agitating  the  waters  and    covering 
them  with  ruins,  You,    happily  screened    By  the    strength    of  your 
unmoved  rampart,  Shall  serenely  spend    your  days,   Smiling   at  the 
fury  of  the  wind. 


320.  PROSODY LYRIC    MEASURES.  331 

Tono  quamvis,  ruina 

^Equor  miscens,  ventus, 
Tu,  quietus  conditus 

Feliciter  (enall.)  vallus  robur, 
.ZEvum  serene  (enall.)  duco, 

Irridens  (enall.}  ira  (enatt.)  aether. 


No.  35. 

70.  Orpheus,  the  Thracian  bard,  bewailing  Long  since  the  death 
of  Eurydice,  his  wife,  After  he  had  by  his  mournful  strains  made 
The  woods  move,  and  the  flowing  Rivers  stand  still,  The  stag  fear- 
lessly drew  near  the  fierce  lions,  Nor  did  the  hare  fear  The  dog  be- 
fore her,  that  was  now  rendered  harmless  by  the  song. 

Conjux  funus  (enall.)  quondam 

Gemens,  Threicius  vates 
Postquam  modus  flebilis 
Curro  sylva,  mobilis 
Amnis  cogo  sto, 

Jungoque  latus  intrepide  (cnall.) 
Leo  ssevus  cerva, 
Nee  timeo  lepus  visus 
Canis,  jam  cantus  placidus. 


No.  35. 

71.  When  a  more  violent  Passion  burned  within  his  breast,  And 
the  strains,  which  had  subdued  all  things  around  him,  Could  not 
soothe  the  sorrows  of  him,  from  whom  they  proceeded,  Complaining 
of  the  cruel  deities,  He  went  to  their  infernal  abodes.  There,  bring- 
ing tender  strains  From  his  harmonious  strings,  He  weeps,  and 
moves  even  the  infernal  regions,  And  with  a  sweet  prayer  Solicits 
pardon  and  favor  of  the  gods  of  the  shades. 

Cum  intima  flagrantior 
Pectoris  fervor  ureret, 
Nee,  qui  subigo  cunctus, 
Modus  mulceo  dominus, 
Querens  superi  immitis, 
Domus  infernus  adeo. 
Illic,  sonans  chorda  blandus 

temperans  carmen, 

Defleo,  et  moveo  (enall.)  Tsenara, 
Et  prece  dulcis  venia 
Rogo  umbra  dominus. 

No.  35. 

72.  Cerberus,  the  three-headed  guardian  of  the  entrance,  stands 
amazed,  Captivated  by  the  unusual  song.  The  cruel  goddesses,  the 
avengers  of  crimes,  Who  are  the  authors  of  miseries,  Are  now  be- 
dewed with  tears  in  sorrow.  The  rapid  wheel  hurries  not  round 
The  body  of  Ixion ;  And  Tantalus,  a  prey  to  long-continued  thirst, 


332  PROSODY LYRIC  MEASURES.          §  320. 

Heeds  not  the  waters  near  him.    The  vulture,  while  he  is  delighted 
with  the  strains,  Tears  not  the  liver  of  Tityus. 

Tergeminus  stupeo,  novus 
Janitor,  captus  carmen. 
Sontes,  qui  malum  agito, 
Dea,  ultrix  scelus, 
Jam  moestus  madeo  lacrymae. 
Non  caput  Ixionius 
Rota  velox  preecipito ; 
Et,  perditus  sitis  longus, 
Tantalus  Rumen  sperno. 
Dum  sum  modus  satur,  vultur 
Non  traho  jecur  Tityi. 

No.  35. 

73.  At  length  the  monarch  Of  the  shades,  commiserating  his  sor- 
rows, says,  <rWe  yield.     Let    us  give  to  the  bard  as   a  companion 
His  wife,  redeemed  by  his  song  :  But  let  this  condition  accompany 
the  gift,  That  it  shall  not  be  lawful  for  him  to  look  behind  him,  Until 
he   shall   have  left  these   regions."     Who    shall   lay   a   restraint   on 
lovers  ?     Alas !    when  near  the  boundaries   of  the   realms   of  night, 
Orpheus  looked  back  on  his  Eurydice,  Lost  her,  and  was  undone. 

"  Vincor,"  tandem  arbiter 

Umbra  aio  rniserans, 

"  Dono  vir  comes 

Conjux,  carmen  emptus: 

Sed  donum  (enall.)  lex  coerceo, 

Ne,  dum  relinquo  (enall.)  Tartara, 

Fas  sum  flecto  lumen." 

Quis  amans  lex  det  ? 

Heu  !  prope  nox  terminus,  Orpheus 

suus  Eurydice 

Video,  perdo,  et  (asyn.)  occido. 

No.  28. 

74.  The  mighty  labors  of  Hercules  render  him  illustrious  : 
He  overcame  the  proud  Centaurs ; 

He  stripped  from  the  fierce  Nemcan  (ellip.)  lion  his  skin ; 
He  pierced  also  the  harpies  (volucres)  with  his  unerring  darts. 

No.  28. 

75.  He  took  from  the  watchful  dragon  the  golden  (ellip.)  apples ; 
He  dragged  along  Cerberus  in  a  three-fold  chain  : 

The  conquering  hero  (victor)  is  said  to  have  placed  their  cruel 
Master  as  food  before  the  fierce  steeds  of  Diomed.  (ellip.) 

No.  28. 

76.  The  hydra  was  destroyed  by  a  burning  (combusto)  poison  ;^ 
The  god  of  (ellip.*)  the  river  Achelous,  maimed  (turbatus)  in  his 

forehead, 


PROSODY LYRIC   MEASURES.  333 

Hid  his  face,  covered  with  shame,  beneath  his  waters  (ripis  ;) 
He  laid  Ante  us  prostrate  on  the  African  sands. 

No.  28. 

77.   Cacua  appeased  by  his  death  (ellip.)  tne  anger  of  Evander ; 

And  the  shoulders  (ellip.)  of  Hercules  (ellip)  which  the  mighty 

(altus)  globe  was  soon  to  press  with  its  weight, 
These  shoulders  the  boar  (setiger)  of  Arcadia   (ellip.)  stained 

with  his  foam ; 
His  last  labor  supports  on  his  shoulders  the  heavens. 


No.  17. 

78.   When  all  thy  mercies,  O  my  God  (Jehova,) 

My  rising  soul  surveys, 

Transported  with  the  view,  I'm  lost  (mens  haret) 
In  wonder,  love,  and  praise. 


No.  17. 

79.  O  how  shall  words  with  equal  warmth 

The  gratitude  declare, 
That  glows  within  my  ravished  breast  ? 
But  thou  canst  read  it  there. 

No.  17. 

80.  To  all  my  weak  complaints  and  cries 

Thy  mercy  lent  an  ear, 
Ere  yet  my  feeble  thoughts  had  learned 
To  form  themselves  in  prayer. 

No.  17. 

81.  Unnumbered  (qua  nullus  cequat  computus)  comforts  to  my  soul 

Thy  tender  care  bestowed, 
Before  my  infant  heart  conceived 
From  whom  those  comforts  flowed. 


No.  17. 

82.  When  in  the  slippery  paths  of  youth 

With  heedless  steps  I  ran, 
Thine  arm,  unseen,  conveyed  me  safe, 
And  led  me  up  to  man  (cmum.  maturius.) 

No.  17. 

83.  Through  hidden  dangers,  toils,  and  deaths, 

It  gently  cleared  my  way, 
And  through  the  pleasing  snares  of  vice, 
More  to  be  feared  than  they. 


334  PROSODY LYRIC  MEASURES. 

No.  17. 

84.  When  worn  with  sickness,  oft  hast  thou 

With  health  renewed  my  face, 
And  when  in  sins  and  sorrow  sunk, 
Revived  my  soul  with  grace. 

No.  17. 

85.  Thy  bounteous  hand  with  worldly  bliss 

Has    made    my    cup  run  o'er    (sat    superque   m* 

bedrit  copia,) 

And  in  a  kind  and  faithful  friend 
Has  doubled  all  my  store. 

No.  17. 

86.  Ten  thousand  thousand  precious  gifts 

My  daily  thanks  employ, 
Nor  is  the  least  a  cheerful  heart, 
That  tastes  those  gifts  with  joy. 

No.  17. 

87.  Through  every  period  of  my  life 

Thy  goodness  I'll  pursue, 
And  after  death,  in  distant  worlds, 
The  glorious  theme  renew. 

No.  17. 

88.  When  nature  fails,  and  day  and  night 

Divide  thy  works  no  more, 
My  ever-grateful  heart,  O  Lord, 
Thy  mercy  shall  adore. 

No.  17. 


).   Through  all  eternity,  to  thee 

A  joyful  song  I'll  raise  ; 

But,  O,  eternity's  too  short 

To  utter  all  thy  praise ! 


No.  25.  — 10  Lines. 

90.  Little  cricket,  full  of  mirth, 

Chirping  on  my  kitchen  hearth, 
Wheresoe'er  be  thine  abode, 
Always  harbinger  of  good, 
Pay  me  for  thy  warm  retreat 
With  a  song  more  soft  and  sweet ; 
In  return  thou  shalt  receive 
Such  a  strain  as  I  can  give. 


320.          PROSODY LYRIC  MEASURES.  335 

No.  25.  — 10  Lines. 

91.  Thus  thy  praise  shall  be  expressed, 
Inoffensive,  welcome  guest; 
While  the  rat  is  on  the  scout, 
And  the  mouse  with  curious  snout, 
With  what  vermin  else  infest 
Every  dish,  and  spoil  the  best, 
Frisking  thus  before  the  fire, 
Thou  hast  all  thine  heart's  desire. 

No.  25.  — 10  Lines. 

92.  Though  in  voice  and  shape  they  be 
Formed  as  if  akin  to  thee, 

Thou  surpassest,  happier  far, 
Happiest  grasshoppers  that  are  ; 
Theirs  is  but  a  summer's  song, 
Thine  endures  the  winter  long, 
Unimpaired,  and  shrill,  and  clear, 
Melody  throughout  the  year. 

No.  25.  — 10  Lines. 

93.  Neither  night  nor  dawn  of  day 
Puts  a  period  to  thy  play ; 
Sing  then,  and  extend  thy  span 
Far  beyond  the  date  of  man : 
Wretched  man,  whose  years  are  spent 
In  repining  discontent, 

Lives  not,  aged  though  he  be, 
Haifa  span,  compared  with  thee. 

No.  17. 

94.  The  spacious  firmament  on  high, 
With  all  the  blue,  ethereal  sky, 

And  spangled  heavens,  a  shining  frame, 

Their  great  Original  proclaim. 

The  unwearied  sun,  from  day  to  day, 

Does  his  Creator's  power  display, 

And  publishes  to  every  land 

The  work  of  an  almighty  hand. 

No.  17. 

95.  Soon  as  the  evening  shades  prevail, 
The  moon  takes  up  the  wondrous  tale 
And  nightly  to  the  listening  earth 
Repeats  the  story  of  her  birth ; 
Whilst  all  the  stars  that  round  her  burn, 
And  all  the  planets  in  their  turn, 
Confirm  the  tidings  as  they  roll, 

And  spread  the  truth  from  pole  to  pole. 


336  PROSODY LYRIC    MEASURES.  §  320. 

No.  17. 

06.   What  though  in  solemn  silence  all 
Move  round  this  dark,  terrestrial  ball ; 
What  though  no  real  voice  nor  sound 
Amidst  their  radiant  orbs  be  found, — 
In  reason's  ear  they  all  rejoice, 
And  utter  forth  a  glorious  voice, 
Forever  singing,  as  they  shine, 
"  The  hand  that  made  us  is  divine." 


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